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09 Maths Key Notes CH 07 Triangles

The document discusses triangles and their properties. It defines a triangle and congruent figures. It describes five criteria for determining if two triangles are congruent: side-angle-side (SAS), angle-side-angle (ASA), angle-angle-side (AAS), side-side-side (SSS), and right-hypotenuse-side (RHS). It also defines isosceles and equilateral triangles and lists several properties of triangles, such as corresponding angles and sides of congruent triangles being equal and relationships between sides and angles.

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159 views2 pages

09 Maths Key Notes CH 07 Triangles

The document discusses triangles and their properties. It defines a triangle and congruent figures. It describes five criteria for determining if two triangles are congruent: side-angle-side (SAS), angle-side-angle (ASA), angle-angle-side (AAS), side-side-side (SSS), and right-hypotenuse-side (RHS). It also defines isosceles and equilateral triangles and lists several properties of triangles, such as corresponding angles and sides of congruent triangles being equal and relationships between sides and angles.

Uploaded by

Shekhar Upadhyay
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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in
Key Notes
Chapter – 7
Triangles
1. Congruence of Triangles
2. Criteria for Congruence of Triangles
3. Some Properties of a Triangle
4. Inequalities in a Triangle

• Triangle- A closed figure formed by three intersecting lines is called a triangle. A triangle has
three sides, three angles and three vertices.
• Congruent figures- Congruent means equal in all respects or figures whose shapes and
sizes are both the same for example, two circles of the same radii are congruent. Also two
squares of the same sides are congruent.
• Congruent Triangles- two triangles are congruent if and only if one of them can be made to
superpose on the other, so as to cover it exactly.
• If two triangles ABC and PQR are congruent under the correspondence
A ↔ P, B ↔ Q and C ↔ R then symbolically, it is expressed as ∆ABC ≅ ∆PQR

• In congruent triangles corresponding parts are equal and we write 'CPCT' for corresponding
parts of congruent triangles.
• SAS congruency rule - Two triangles are congruent if two sides and the included angle of one
triangle are equal to the two sides and the included angle of the other triangle. For example:
∆ABC and ∆PQR as shown in the figure satisfy SAS congruent criterion.

• ASA Congruence Rule- Two triangles are congruent if two angles and the included side of
one triangle are equal to two angles and the included side of other triangle. For examples
∆ABC and ∆DEF shown below satisfy ASA congruence criterion.

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Key Notes
• AAS Congruence Rule- Two triangle are congruent if any two pairs of angles and one pair
of corresponding sides are equal for example ∆ABC and ∆DEF shown below satisfy AAS
congruence criterion.

• AAS criterion for congruence of triangles is a particular case of ASA criterion.


• Isosceles Triangle- A triangle in which two sides are equal is called an isosceles triangle.
For example: ∆ABC shown below is an isosceles triangle with AB=AC.

• Angle opposite to equal sides of a triangle are equal.


• Sides opposite to equal angles of a triangle are equal.
• Each angle of an equilateral triangle is 60o .
• SSS congruence Rule - If three sides of one triangle are equal to the three sides of another
triangle then the two triangles are congruent for example ∆ABC and ∆DEF as shown in
the figure satisfy SSS congruence criterion.

• RHS Congruence Rule- If in two right triangles the hypotenuse and one side of one
triangle are equal to the hypotenuse and one side of the other triangle then the two
triangle are congruent. For example: ∆ABC and ∆PQR shown below satisfy RHS
congruence criterion.

RHS stands for right angle - Hypotenuse side.


• A point equidistant from two given points lies on the perpendicular bisector of the line
segment joining the two points and its converse.
• A point equidistant from two intersecting lines lies on the bisectors of the angles formed
by the two lines.
• In a triangle, angle opposite to the longer side is larger (greater)
• In a triangle, side opposite to the large (greater) angle is longer.
• Sum of any two sides of a triangle is greater than the third side.

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