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Solution To Probability Lecture-I

The document contains statistical information about the number of students and the probability of students having a certain number of times. It includes: - The number of students and corresponding probabilities for getting 1-5 times. - The sum of probabilities from 2-5 times is 0.524795. - The variance of getting a score is 0.12889. - The expected value of getting a score is 1.677228. - The standard deviation is 0.579404.

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158 views17 pages

Solution To Probability Lecture-I

The document contains statistical information about the number of students and the probability of students having a certain number of times. It includes: - The number of students and corresponding probabilities for getting 1-5 times. - The sum of probabilities from 2-5 times is 0.524795. - The variance of getting a score is 0.12889. - The expected value of getting a score is 1.677228. - The standard deviation is 0.579404.

Uploaded by

shidupk5 pk
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as XLSX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Number

Number of
of times students Probability
1 721769 0.475205 0.475205
2 601325 0.395906 0.395906
3 166736 0.109777 0.109777
4 22299 0.014681 0.014681
5 6730 0.004431 0.004431
1518859 1

b> =P(2)+P(3)------P(5) 0.524795

c> 0.12889

d> ∑x P(x) 1.677228

e> 0.579404
here x f(x) xf(x) x-𝜇 (x-𝜇)^2 (x-𝜇)^2 f(x)
0 0.04 0 -1.84 3.39 0.12
1 0.34 0.34 -0.84 0.71 0.24
2 0.41 0.82 0.16 0.02 0.01
3 0.18 0.53 1.16 1.34 0.24
4 0.04 0.15 2.16 4.66 0.17
1.84 0.79

Expected value E(x) = Mean = ∑ xf(x) =𝜇 = 1.84

Variance (x) = ∑ (x-𝜇)^2 f(x) = 0.79

Similarly found E(y) = 2.93

Variance (y) = 0.59

Number of Bed room in owner ocupied house is more [2.93> 1.84]. However variability in num
x y
Bedrooms Renter-Occupied Owner-Occupied
0 547 23
1 5012 541
2 6100 3832
3 2644 8690
4 or more 557 3783
14860 16869

f(x) f(y)
0.04 0.00
0.34 0.03
0.41 0.23
0.18 0.52
0.04 0.22

However variability in number of bed rooms in Renter occupied is more.


f(x,y) x y xf(x) yf(y) x+y (x+y)f(x,y)
0.2 50 80 10 16 130 26
0.5 30 50 15 25 80 40
0.3 40 60 12 18 100 30
Total 120 190 37 59 96

a Expected value = E(x) = ∑xf(x) = 37

b Expected value = E(y) =∑yf(y) = 59

c E(x+y) = ∑(x+y)f(x+y) = 96

d Var (x+y)= ∑((x+y)-E(x+y))^2*f(x+y) = (130-96)^2*0.2+(80-96)^2*0.5+(100-96)^2*0.3 = 364

Variance (x) = σx^2 = (50-37)^2*0.2+ (30-37)^2*0.5+(40-37)^2*0.3 = 61

Variance (y) = 129

covariance σxy = [364-61-129]/2 = 87

standard deviation σx= 61^0.5 = 7.81 and σy= 129^0.5 = 11.35

Correlation ρxy= σxy /σxσy = 87/(7.8*11.35) = 0.981

e Var (x+y) > Var (x) + Var(y). This is because they have strong positive correlation
6)^2*0.3 = 364
Probability of a bomb hitting a target = [1-p(0)-p(1)]
Here p(0) = 0.262144 and p(1) = 0.393216
Required probability = 0.345
Probability p = 1/4 = 0.25 and n=20

20 4 (20-4)
1 Here r=4. Therefore p(4) = C4*(.25) *(1-0.25) = 0.189673

2 Here r=2, 3,4,--------20. Therefore required probability is = 1- [p(0) + p(1)]


Now p(0) +p(1) = 0.021141. Therefore required probability is = (1-0.021141) = 0.975688

3 p(12)= 0.0008

4 Expected value = np = 20*0.25 = 5


1 Using binomial distribution: n=30

Probability of twin births= 1/80 = 0.0125 Therefore probability of non twin births is q=1-p

Probability of two or more sets of twin on a day is [1-(p(0) + p(1)]

Now p(0) = (0.9875)30 = 0.6839

Again p(1) = 30C1*(0.9875)29*(0.0125) = 0.2597

Therefore required probability = 1-0.6839-0.2597 = 0.0564

2 Using Poisson approximation: n=30, p=0.0125, 𝜇= 0.3754

By Poisson probability law required probability is = 1- [p(0) + p(1)]

p(o) = e-0.375 and p(1) = 0.375e-0.375

Required probability = 1-0.9450 = 0.055


of non twin births is q=1-p = 0.9875

𝜇
Here N= 10. Football fan r = 7 and basketball fan (N-r) = 3

For n = 3, probability for x= 2 football fan

a Then P(2) = 7C23C1 /10C3 = 21*3/120 = 0.525

b For majority of football fan probability = P(2) + P(3)

Now P(2) = 7C33C3/10C3 = 35*1/120 = 0.291667

Therefore probability = 0.525 + 0.291667 = 0.816667


f(x) = {_0^(1/(26−18))

a. = (26-25)/8 = 0.125

b. =(25-21)/8 = 0.50

c. =(20-18)/8 = 0.25 [out of 30 minutes if 10 minutes gone, 20 minute is left over]


nute is left over]
σ=0.044 𝜇 = 0.144

z=(0.2-0.144)/0.044 = 1.27 Probability= 0.8980 for cumuletive probability les

a. Therefore probability more than 20% = (1-0.8980) = 0.1020

b. at x=10, z = (0.1-0.144)/0.044 = (-)1.00


Probability less than equal to (-)1.00 = 0.1587
Therefore probability of more than 10 % = (1-0.1587)= 0.8413
c. probability P≥ 0.10. Value of Z at (1-0.10)=0.9 is around 1.28. Therefore x = 14.4+ 4
or cumuletive probability less than 20%

d 1.28. Therefore x = 14.4+ 4.4*1.28 = 20.03


Here n=100. Therefore P=20/100 = 0.2

q = (1-P) = 0.8
𝜇 = nP = 100*0.2 = 20 σ2 = nP(1-nP) 100*0.2*0.8 = 16

z= (30-20)/√16 = 2.5

Now P(X>30) = P(z≥ 2.5) = 1-P(z ≤ 2.5) = 1-0.9938 = 0.0062


Wait time 𝜇 = 12.1 min

a P(x ≤10) ) = (1-e(-)10/12.1 = 0.56239

b P(x ≤20) ) = (1-e(-)20/12.1 = 0.8085

Therefore P(x≥ 20) = 1-0.8085 = 0.19149

c P(x≥10) - P(x≤20) = (1-0.5624)-0.1915 = 0.2461

d 30-12 = 18 min

P(x≤18) = (1-e(-)18/12.1 = 0.774

P(x≥18) = (1-0.774) = 0.226


a 𝜇=2 Therefore P(1) = 1-e-1/2 = 0.393469

b The required probbility is = P(2)-P(1) = 0.632121 - 0.393469 = 0.238652

c The required probability is = 1- P(4) = 0.135335

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