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Formulating The Introduction of A Research Paper

This document outlines the key elements that should be included in the introduction section of a research paper, including: 1) establishing the need for the research by rationalizing the problem, 2) clarifying important terminology, and 3) establishing the seriousness of the problem. It then provides examples and discusses the questions that should be answered in the introduction, such as describing the rationale, setting, literature foundation, severity of the problem, objectives, and overall purpose of the research problem.

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Nikka Marie Francisco
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542 views9 pages

Formulating The Introduction of A Research Paper

This document outlines the key elements that should be included in the introduction section of a research paper, including: 1) establishing the need for the research by rationalizing the problem, 2) clarifying important terminology, and 3) establishing the seriousness of the problem. It then provides examples and discusses the questions that should be answered in the introduction, such as describing the rationale, setting, literature foundation, severity of the problem, objectives, and overall purpose of the research problem.

Uploaded by

Nikka Marie Francisco
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTRODUCTION

- This is important in establishing the cognitive setting of the research. It has the
following elements:
1. Rationalization of the need to research on the problem
2. Clarification of the important terminologies for the reader to easily
understand what the research is about.
3. Establishment of the degree of seriousness of the problem which prompted
the researcher to look for the solutions.
The following questions can aid the researcher in
formulating the introduction:
1. What is the rationale of the problem?
- This question is answered by sharing the reasons why the researcher decided
to look for solutions to the problem.
A RATIONALE may include:
a. Narration of personal experiences
b. Description of an article read
c. A scene witnessed
d. A news heard or a theory that needs to be clarified
Example:
As a Grade 12 student, Arjohn David, experienced some
difficulties in performing well because of various factors such as the
attitude of his teachers as well as their teaching methods, the absence
of laboratory facilities, and inadequacy of books in the library. He is
having difficulties in his quizzes and class performance.
2. What is the setting of the problem?
The setting forms part of the delimitation of the study. It defines the geographic
boundaries and certain demographic characteristics of the research. This
describes the place where the research was conducted, since the setting has a
significant bearing on the variables being studied.
Example:

Puting Capunitan Elementary School is one of the barrio


schools in Orion, Bataan where most enrollees are from
disadvantaged families whose immediate ancestors are either
laborers or fisher folks. This school is one of the schools with poorly
performing students in their division according to the Department of
Education.
3. What is the basic literature foundation of the study?
This part seeks to provide the researcher clarity on the terms or variables
used in the study. The terms and variables must be clear to the researcher for an
easy understanding of the readers. As such, sufficient background can assist the
investigator in determining the boundaries of the study. This part is derived
from different literature sources. The use of various references is crucial in this
part of the first chapter.
Example:
As teaching is considered to be a complex activity (Medley, as cited in
Iqbal, 1996), the scholars and researchers in the field of education have since
long been exploring into and analyzing the teaching phenomenon. Teaching is an
arrangement and manipulation of a situation in which a learner tries to
overcome the learning problems. Teaching is also a multidimensional set of
activities intended to facilitate learning (Torrington et al., 2003). However, it is
universally recognized that teachers’ instructional performance plays a key role
in students’ learning and academic achievement (Panda and Mohanty, 2003).
4. How serious is the chosen research problem?
The researcher is tasked to identify the intensity and magnitude of the
problem. When the gravity of the problem has already been described, he or
she may then gauge the kind of action to be used to identify the problem. In
most cases, the researcher at this point looks for statistical or quantitative
evidence to assess the significance of the problem at hand.
Example:

Based on the DepEd Division Memo series 2012,


among the 12 schools with the most poorly performing
students, Puting Capunitan Elementary Schools ranked
12th.
5. What is the general objective of the problem?
This is the general statement of the problem or the major tasks of the
researcher to discharge and should also be the basis of the enumerated
statements of specific problems.
Example:

With the abovementioned scenario and situations,


it is the main objective of the researcher to determine
the common reasons of the poor performance of the
students. Therefore, the research findings on that
objective become the basis of an intervention program
for school effectiveness.
6. What is the overall purpose of the problem?
It is important to note that the researcher must be totally aware of the
purpose of the research problem. He or she must fully understand the
implications of the resulting findings of the study.
Example:

This is mainly for the purpose of letting the


students acquire the needed competencies before
graduation and enabling the school to perform better in
the Regional Achievement Examinations.

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