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Beginning of The Research

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51 views20 pages

Beginning of The Research

Uploaded by

hasemnorhan34
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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BEGINNING

OF THE
RESEARCH
⊡ The first chapter of the research is entitled “The
Problem” or “The Problem and Its Background”

⊡ Its purpose is to introduce the problem and clarify


important variables, its delimitations, and its
significance to the field of study.

2
ELEMENTS

⊡ Introduction
⊡ Statement of the Problem

⊡ Scope and Delimitation

⊡ Significance of the Study

3
⊡ Itshould be noted that the researcher
has to introduce the different elements
of the first chapter by giving a brief
description of each element, so that
the reader knows what to expect from
this chapter.

4
INTRODUCTION

5
⊡ The introduction is important in establishing the cognitive
setting of the research. It has the following elements:
□ 1. Rationalization of the need to research on the problem.
□ 2. Clarification of the important terminologies for the
reader to easily understand what the research is about.
□ 3. Establishment of the degree of seriousness of the
problem which prompted the researcher to look for
solutions.

6
The following questions can aid the researcher in formulating
the introduction:

1. What is the rationale of the problem?


2. What is the setting of the problem?
3. What is the basic literature of the study?
4. How serious is the chosen research problem?
5. What is the general objective of the problem?
6. What is the overall purpose of the problem?

7
⊡ What is the rationale of the problem?

□ This question is answered by sharing the reasons why the


researcher decided to look for solutions to the problem.

□ A rationale may include the narration of personal


experiences, a description of an article read, a scene
witnessed, a news heard, or a theory that needs to be
clarified.

8
□ The researcher should describe the existing and prevailing
problem based on his or her experience.

□ The scope may be local, national, or international.

□ Ideally, the rationale can start from a global perspective to


a more personal one.

9
Example:

As a Grade 12 student, Arjhon David,


experienced some difficulties in performing well
because of various factors such as the attitude of his
teachers as well as their teaching methods, the
absence of laboratory facilities, and inadequacy of
books in the library. He is having difficulties in his
quizzes and class performance.

10
⊡ What is the setting of the problem?

□ The setting forms part of the delimitation of the study.


□ It defines the geographic boundaries and certain
demographic characteristics of the research.
□ This describes the place where the research was
conducted, since the setting has a significant bearing on
the variables being studied.
□ In the description of the setting, its distinctive
characteristics must be highlighted.

11
Example:

Puting Capunitan Elementary School is one


of the barrio schools in Orion, Bataan where most
of the enrolees are from disadvantaged families
whose immediate ancestors are either laborers or
fisher folks. This school is one of the schools with
poorly performing students in their division
according to the Department of Education.

12
⊡ What is the basic literature foundation of the study?

□ This part seeks to provide the researcher clarity on the


terms or variables used in the study.
□ The terms and variables must be clear to the researcher for
an easy understanding of the readers.
□ As such, a sufficient background can assist the investigator
in determining the boundaries of the study.
□ This part is derived from different literature sources.
□ The use of various references is crucial in this part of the
first chapter.

13
Example:
As teaching is considered to be a complex activity
(Medley, as cited in Iqbal, 1996), the scholars and researchers in
the field of education have since long been exploring into and
analyzing the teaching phenomenon. Teaching is an arrangement
and manipulation of a situation in which a learner tries to
overcome the learning problems. Teaching is also a
multidimensional set of activities intended to facilitate learning
(Torrington et al., 2003). However, it is universally recognized
that teachers’ instructional performance plays a key role in
students’ learning and academic achievement (Panda and
Mohanty, 2003)
14
⊡ How serious is the chosen research problem?

□ The researcher is tasked to identify the intensity and


magnitude of the problem.
□ When the gravity of the problem has already been
described, he or she may then gauge the kind of action to
be used to identify the problem.
□ In most cases, the researcher at this point looks for
statistical or quantitative evidence to assess the
significance of the problem at hand.

15
Example:

Based on the DepEd Division


Memo 2012, among the 12 schools with
most poorly performing students,
Puting Capunitan Elementary Schools
ranked 12th.

16
⊡ What is the general objective of the problem?

□ This is the general statement of the problem


or the major tasks of the researcher to
discharge and should also be the basis of the
enumerated statements of specific
problems.

17
Example:

With the abovementioned scenario and


situations, it is the main objective of the
researcher to determine the common reasons
of the poor performance of the students.
Therefore, the research findings on that
objective become the basis of an intervention
program for school effectiveness.
18
⊡ What is the overall purpose of the problem?

□ It is important to note that the researcher must be


totally aware of the purpose of the research
problem.

□ He or she must fully understand the implications


of the resulting findings of the study.

19
Example:

This is mainly for the purpose of


letting the students acquire the needed
competencies before graduation and
enabling the school to perform better in
Regional Achievement Examinations.

20

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