Chapter wise CBSE-Board sample paper- Chemical kinetics - KEY

SECTION A (OBJECTIVE TYPE)

1. Read the passage given below and answer the following questions: (1x4=4)
The rates of chemical reactions are strongly affected by temperature. Arrhenius gave following relation
between rate constant and temperature.
− Ea
k = Ae RT

This equation is called Arrhenius equation. The constant ‘A’ is called Arrhenius constant (or) pre-
exponentional factor
Logarithm of equation (i) is given as
Ea
log10 K = log10 A -
2.303RT
The rate constant for a reaction is
1.25 x10 4
log10 K ( sec −1 ) =14 - k
T
The following questions are multiple choice questions. Choose the most appropriate answer:
i) The pre-exponential factor (or) frequency factor of the reaction under consideration is
a) 1.25 x 104 b) 10-14 c) 1014 d) 14
ii) At what temperature, rate constant of the reaction is equal to the pre exponential factor?
1.25 x10 4 14
a) T = 0 k b) T = ∞k c) T = k d) T = k
14 1.25 x10 4
iii) Energy of activation in kcal mol-1 is
a) 14 kcal mol-1 b) 57.2 kcal mol-1
14
c) 1.25 x 104 kcal mol-1 d) 4
kcal mol−1
1.25 x10
1
iv) The intercept of the plot of log10K against is equal to
T
Ea
a) log10A b) A c) d) Ea
2.303R
OR
1
The slope of the plot of log10K against is equal to
T
a) -28.6 x 102 b) -1.25 x 102 c) -1.25 x 104 d) -5 x 104
Following questions (No. 2 -5) are multiple choice questions carrying 1 mark each:
-d [ A ] 2 -d [ B ] 2 +d [ C ]
= k1 [ A ] ; = k 2 [A] ; = k 3 [ A ] the correct relation
2
2. For the reaction 2A → B + 3C; If
dt dt dt
between k1, k2 and K3 is
k1 k
a) k1 = k2 = k3 b) 2k1 = k2 = 3k3 c) 4k1 = k2 = 3k2 d) = k2 = 3
2 3
3. consider the plots, given below for the types of reaction nA → B + C

These plots respectively correspond to the reaction orders

a) 0, 1, 2 b) 1, 2, 0 c) 1, 0, 2 d) none of these
4.
[A2]o [B2]o Initial rate of appearance of AB (g)
(in MS-1)
0.1 0.1 2.5 x 10-4
0.2 0.1 5 x 10-4
0.2 0.2 10 x 10-4
The value of rate constant for the written reaction is
a) 2.5 x 10-4 b) 2.5 x 10-2 c) 1.25 x 10-2 d) None of these
5. A first order reaction is 75% completed in 100 minutes. How long time will it take for its 87.5%
completion?
a) 125 min b) 150 min c) 175 min d) 200 min
In the following questions (Q. No. 6 - 10) a statement of assertion followed by a statement of reason is
given. Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.
a) Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for assertion.
b) Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason is not correct explanation for assertion.
c) Assertion is correct statement but reason is wrong statement.
d) Assertion is wrong statement but reason is correct statement.
6. Assertion : For a 1st order reaction A → B, successive half life of reaction decreases with the progress
of the reaction d
Reason : For a zero order reaction A → B, successive half life of reaction decreases with the progress
of the reaction.
7. Assertion : if the activation energy of reaction is zero, temperature will have no effect on the rate
constant. b
Reason : Lower the activation energy faster is the reaction.
8. Assertion : Molecularity of inversion of cane sugar is unity. d
Reason : Inversion of cane sugar is a pseudo first order reaction
9. Assertion : Temperature coefficients of the different reactions lie between 2 to 3 a
Reason : The rate of a reaction increases between 2 to 3 times by 10°C rise in temperature.
10. Assertion : The rate constant increases exponentially with temperature b
Reason : Average kinetic energy of molecules increases with temperature.
 SECTION B
The following questions, Q.No 11 – 16 are short answer type and carry 2 marks each.
11. Identify the reaction order from each of the following rate constants.
Units of nth order rate constant is
Solution :
Kn = mol1-n litn-1sec-1
a) k = 2.3 x 10-5 L mol-1s-1 (1)
mol1-n lit n-1 sec-1 = mol-1L s-1
⇒ 1 – n = -1 ⇒ n = 2 (or) n – 1 = 1 ⇒ n = 2
n = 2 ⇒ second order reaction
b) k = 3 x 10-4 s-1 (1)
mol1-n lit n-1 sec-1 = molo lito sec-1
1 – n = 0 ⇒ n = 1 ⇒ First order reaction
12. The conversion of molecules X to Y follows second order kinetics. If concentration of X is increased to
three times how will it affect the rate of formation of Y? (2)
Solution :
X→Y

rate (r) = k[X]2 (∵order is 2)

r1 = k[X]2
r2 = k[3X]2

r1 K [ X ]
2

=
r2 K [ 3X ]2

r1 1
⇒ = ⇒ r2 = 9r1
r2 9

∴ Rate increases by 9 times

13. The rate constant for a first order reaction whose half life is 480 sec is (2)
For a 1st order reaction
Solution :
0.693
Rate constant (K) =
t1/2

0.693
=
480
= 0.00144 sec-1
K = 1.44 x 10-3 sec-1
14. A hypothetical reaction A2 + B2 → 2AB follows the mechanism as given below
K'
A2 ↽ ⇀ A + A (fast)
A + B2 → AB + B (slow)
A + B → AB (fast)
Find the order of overal reaction. (2)
Solution :
Rate equation is r = K[A] [B2] ------ (1)
'
K
A 2 ↽ ⇀ A + A (fast)

[ A ] ⇒ A 2 = K' A
2
'
K = [ ] [ 2]
[A2 ]
⇒ [ A ] = ( K' [ A 2 ] )
1
2

⇒ r = K ( K') [ A 2 ] [ B2 ]
1 1
2 2

r = K1 [ A 2 ] 2 [ B 2 ]
1
let KK' = K1

1
order of overall reaction = +1
2
3
=
2
15. A first order reaction has a rate constant 1.15 x 10-3 s-1. How long will 5g of this reactant take to reduce
to 3g? [log 5 = 0.699 and log 3 = 0.477] (2)
Solution :
K1 = 1.15 x 10-3 S-1
a = 5g and (a – x) = 3g

2.303 a
K1 = log
t (a − x)
2.303 5
1.15 x 10-3 = log
t 3
2.303
t= [ log5 - log3]
1.15 x10 -3

= 2 x 103 [0.699 – 0.477]

= 2 x 103 x 0.22
= 0.44 x 103
t = 440 sec
16. The decomposition of NH3 on platinum surface is zero order reaction. What are the rates of production
of N2 and H2 if k = 2.5 x 10-4 mol-1LS-1 (2)
Solution :

2NH3(g) 
pt
→ N2(g) + 3H2(g)

-1 d [ NH 3 ] +d [ N 2 ] +1 d [ H 2 ]
∴ Rate = = = = 2.5 x10 4
2 dt dt 3 dt

d [ N2 ]
⇒ Rate of production of N2 = = 2.5 x10 -4 mol-1L S-1
dt

d [H 2 ]
Rate of production of H2 = = 3 x 2.5 x10 -4 mol-1LS-1
dt

SECTION C
Q.No 17 -21 are Short Answer Type II carrying 3 mark each.
17. The rate constants of a reaction at 500 K and 700 K are 0.02 S-1 and 0.07S-1 respectively. Calculate the
values of Ea and A. (3)
Solution :
T1 = 500 K; K1 = 0.02 S-1
T2 = 700 K; K2 = 0.07 S-1

K  Ea  T2 - T1 
log  2  =  
 K1  2.303R  T1T2 

 0.07  Ea  700-500 
log  =  
 0.02  2.303 x 8.314  700-500 

7 Ea  200 
log   =  
 2  2.303 x 8.314  700 x 500 

Ea  2 
log 7 - log 2 =
19.1  3500 

Ea  1 
0.845 – 0.3010 =
19.1 1750 

⇒ Ea = 0.544 x 19.1 x 1750

Ea = 18,186 J
⇒ Ea = 18.186 KJ
-Ea
-Ea
K = Ae RT ⇒ log K = log A -
2.303RT

18186
⇒ log (0.02) = log A -
2.303 x 8.314 x 500
 18186
⇒ log 2 x 10-2 = log A -
19.1x 500
18186
⇒ -1.7 + = log A
19.1x 500
⇒ -1.7 + 1.9 = log A ⇒ log A = 0.2
log A = log 1.6
⇒ A = 1.6
18. For a first order reaction show that time required for 99% completion is twice the time required for the
completion of 90% of reaction. (3)
Solution :
For a first order reaction
2.303 100
K= log
t99% (100 − 99 )
2.303 2.303 x 2
K= log10 2 ⇒ K =
t 99% t 99%
2.303 x 2
⇒ t 99% =
K
2.303 100
t 90% = log
K (100 − 90 )
2.303 100 2.303
t 90% = log ⇒ t 90% = log10
K 10 K
2.303
t 90% =
K
2.303
x2
t 99% K
= ⇒ t 99% = 2t 90%
t 90% 2.303
K
19. Calculate the half life of a first order reaction from their rate constants given below. (3)
i) 200S-1 ii) 2 min-1 iii) 4 years-1
Solution :
0.693
For a 1st order reaction t1/2 =
K
0.693
i) t 12 = = 0.346 x10-2
200 sec -1
t 1 2 = 3.46 x 10-3 sec
0.693
ii) t 12 = = 0.346 min
2min -1
0.693
iii) t 12 = = 0.173 years
4years -1
t 1 2 = 0.173 years
20. A reaction is first order in A and second order in B (3)
(i) Write the differential rate equation.
(ii) How is the rate affected on increasing the concentration of B three times?
(iii) How is the rate affected when the concentrations of both A and B are doubled.
Solution :
i) The differential rate equation is r = K[A] [B]2
ii) r1 = K[A] [B]2
r2 = K[A] [3B]2
r1 K [ A ][ B]
2

= ⇒ r2 = 9r1
r2 K [ A ] 9 [ B]2
∴ The rate of reaction will increase 9 times
iii) r1 = K[A] [B]2
r2 = K[2A] [2B]2 ⇒ r2 = K 2[A] 4[B]2
⇒ r2 = 8 K[A] [B]2
⇒ r2 = 8r1
∴ The rate of reaction will increase 8 times
21. The decomposition of A into product has value of k as 4.5 x 103 s-1 at 10°c and energy of activation 60
KJ mol-1. At what temperature would K be 1.5 x 104 s-1? (3)
Solution :
K1 = 4.5 x 103 S-1; K2 = 1.5 x 104 S-1
T1 = 10°C = 283 K; T2 = ?
Ea = 60 KJ / mol ⇒ Ea = 60 x 103 J/mol
K  Ea  1 1 
log  2  =  - 
 K1  2.303R  T1 T2 
1.5 x104 60 x103  1 1 
log =  - 
4.5 x103 2.303x 8.314  283 T2 

10 60 x103  1 1
log =  - 
3 19.1  283 T2 
19.1 1 1
(1 − log 3) 3
= -
60 x10 283 T2
19.1 1 1
[ 0.523] x 3
= -
60 x10 283 T2
1 1
0.166 x 10-3 = -
283 T2
1 1
= − - 0.166 x 10-3
T2 283
1
= 0.00353- 0.166 x10-3
T2
1
= 3.53 x10 -3 - 0.166 x10 -3
T2
1
= 3.364 x10 -3
T2
 1
⇒T2 =
3.364 x10 -3
1000
T2 =
3.364
T2 = 297.2 K
SECTION D
Q.No 22 to 23 are long answer type carrying 5 marks each.
22. Nitrogen pentoxide decomposes according to equation (5)
2N2O5(g) → 4NO2(g) + O2(g)
This first order reaction was allowed to proceed at 40°C and the data below were collected.
[N2O5] M Time (min)
0.400 0.00
0.289 20.0
0.209 40.0
0.151 60.0
0.109 80.0
a) Calculate the rate constant. Include units with your answer.
b) What will be the concentration of N2O5 after 100 minutes?
c) Calculate the initial rate of reaction. [Given log 4 = 0.602; log 2.89 = 0.46, Antilog (0.706) = 5.08]
Solution :
a) [R]o = 0.400; [R]t = 0.289 at t = 20 min
2.303 [ R ]o
K= log
t [ R ]t
2.303 0.400 2.303 4
K= log = log
t 0.289 20 2.89
2.303
K= [log 4 − log 2.89]
20
2.303
= [ 0.602 − 0.46]
20
2.303
K= x 0.141
20
K = 1.625 x 10-2 min-1
b) At t = 100 min; [R]t = ?
2.303 0.4
K= log
100 [ R ]t
2.303 0.4
1.625 x 10-2 = log
100 [ R ]t
1.625 0.4 0.4
⇒ = log ⇒ 0.705 = log
2.303 [ R ]t [ R ]t
 0.4
= Antilog(0.705)
[ R ]t
0.4 0.4
= 5.082 ⇒ [R]t =
[ R ]t 5.082

[ R ]t = 0.0787 M
c) Initial rate
i.e rate of reaction when t = 0
when t = 0 min; [R] = 0.400 M
Initial rate = K[R]
= 1.625 x 10-2 x 0.4
r = 6.500 x 10-3 mol L-1 min-1
23. For the hydrolysis of methyl acetate in aqueous solution, the following results were obtained. (5)
t1/2 0 30 60
[CH3COOCH3] mol L-1 0.60 0.30 0.15
i) Show that it follows pseudo first order reaction, as the concentration of water remains constant.
ii) Calculate the average rate of reaction between the time interval 30 to 60 seconds.
(Given log 2 = 0.3010, log 4 = 0.6021)
Solution :
2.303 [ R ]o
i) K = log
t [ R ]t
[R]o = 0.6 M; [R]t = 0.3 M and t = 30s
2.303 0.6
K= log
30 0.3
2.303 2.303
K= log 2 ⇒ K = x 0.3
30 30
K = 0.023 S-1
At t = 60 sec [R]t = 0.15
2.303 0.6 2.303
K= log ⇒K= log 4
60 0.15 60
2.303
K= x 0.6
60
K = 0.023 S-1
As the value of K is same in both the cases,
∴ Hydrolysis of methylacetate in aqueous solution follows pseudo first order reaction
-d [ CH 3COOH ]
ii) Average rate =
dt
-d [ 0.15- 0.30]
=
60 -30
0.15
=
30
Average rate = 0.005 MS-1