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Chem Notes CHPTR 2 Part B

The document discusses the development of atomic models. It describes the subatomic particles that make up atoms - protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus, while electrons move around the nucleus. Several scientists contributed to the development of the atomic model, including Dalton who proposed atoms as basic units of matter, Thomson who discovered the electron, Rutherford who found the nucleus, Bohr who proposed electron shells, and Chadwick who discovered the neutron.

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Wan Haslira
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53 views5 pages

Chem Notes CHPTR 2 Part B

The document discusses the development of atomic models. It describes the subatomic particles that make up atoms - protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus, while electrons move around the nucleus. Several scientists contributed to the development of the atomic model, including Dalton who proposed atoms as basic units of matter, Thomson who discovered the electron, Rutherford who found the nucleus, Bohr who proposed electron shells, and Chadwick who discovered the neutron.

Uploaded by

Wan Haslira
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The Development of the Atomic Model

Subatomic particles

 An atom is made up of smaller subatomic particles which are proton, electron and
neutron. 
 Proton and neutrons are located at the nucleus of the atom. 
 Electrons move around the nucleus at a high speed. 
 The mass of the atom is concentrated at the centre of the atom. 

Subatomic particle

Comparison between the subatomic particles 


 

Proton Electron
Relative charge
+1 -1
Position
Nucleus Moves around the nucleus
Relative mass
1 \dfrac{1}{1840}18401
 

Development of atomic structure models 


 

John Dalton

 All matter is composed of extremely small particles called atoms.


 All atoms are the same for one kind of element.
 Atom can not be created or divided into smaller particles.
 In a chemical reaction, atoms are separated, combined, or rearranged.

 
J.J Thomson

 An atom consists of small negatively charged particles called electrons. 


 The atom is a positively charged spherical cloud with electrons positioned uniformly throughout the a

Ernest Rutherford
 Proton, which is a positively charged particle, is discovered. 
 Proton and most of the mass of the atom is located at the nucleus, which is the centre of the atom. 
 The atom is mostly empty space. 

Neils Bohr

 Electrons move around the nucleus in their fixed shells.


 The shells formed are circles with a fixed radius from the nucleus. 
 Electrons at each shell have their own fixed energy level. 

James Chadwick
 Discovered the presence of the neutrons in the nucleus through an experiment where the beryllium
particles. 
 Proposed that half of the mass of an atom is contributed by the neutron. 

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