Mind and Body: IN THE PICTURE Create An Avatar
Mind and Body: IN THE PICTURE Create An Avatar
T
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MIND AND BODY
IN THE PICTURE Talk about the human body 64–65
READING Read quickly 66
GRAMMAR Zero conditional, should Talk about results and the best thing to do 67
VOCABULARY AND LISTENING Understand spoken instructions 68
GRAMMAR First conditional Talk about possible situations in the future 69
LANGUAGE & BEYOND Communicate your message when you give a talk 70
SPEAKING Ask for and understand advice at the doctor’s 71
WRITING Give examples 72
WORK WITH WORDS Recycle and learn body parts vocabulary. Do a body parts quiz.
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4 SPEAK
■ Refer students back to the word box in Exercise 2 and ask
them to write the words in their notebooks according to 7
their position in the body – from the highest to the lowest. ■ Refer students to the examples of avatars on page 65. Do
■ Draw a simple body on the board and elicit the answers a class poll to see which style they prefer.
from top to bottom writing them next to the corresponding ■ Ask students to draw their own personal avatar. Encourage
body part. them to be creative. They may like to adopt one of the
styles shown in the book, or invent a style of their own. Set
ANSWERS a time limit of five minutes. Remind them not to show their
drawing to the person next to them as this will spoil the
brain, neck, throat, shoulder, chest, heart, stomach, thumb,
second part of this activity.
finger, knee, ankle, toe
8
■ Focus students’ attention on the language in
Extra activity the PHRASE BYTES box. Elicit several example sentences
Divide the class into pairs to test each other on the body from the class, eg It’s got long legs. It looks like a dinosaur.
parts vocabulary by taking it in turns to point to different ■ Divide the class into pairs to take it in turns to describe
parts of the avatar in the pictures for their partner to their avatar to their partner who must try and draw it as
name. precisely as possible. If possible have students sit back-to-
back so they are absolutely reliant on listening and do not
5 THE MOVING PICTURE see each other’s drawings. Set a time limit of five minutes
■ Explain to the students that they are going to watch a video before students change roles. Encourage students to use
of an artist creating an avatar. Ask them to watch and note the phrases from the PHRASE BYTES box.
down the body parts in the correct order. ■ At the end of the activity invite students to show their
■ Check answers in open class. originals and copies to other pairs and comment on how
accurate (or inaccurate!) the copies are.
ANSWERS / VIDEO SCRIPT
GO BEYOND
(See underlined text below for answers.)
Narrator: Ask students to do the Words & Beyond exercise on page
Now the avatar’s ready, we can see him in action. There he is. 135.
He’s waking up/opening his eyes. He can hear something. Somebody’s
coming. He needs to escape. Extra activity
He’s climbing down the fire escape ladder and jumping onto the street. Put students into pairs and ask them to use the body
He’s running towards us. parts vocabulary to make a crossword. First they should
He’s turning round now and he’s running towards that fence. He’s arrange the words, looking for letters that can be used to
climbing over the fence. And he’s gone. link words, eg
t o e t
6
■ Ask students to work individually to do the body parts quiz, h h
checking the meaning of any unfamiliar words before they
start, eg complex /ˈkɒmpleks/ (made of many different things s h o u l d e r
or parts that are connected; difficult to understand); m o
bone /bəʊn/ (one of the hard parts that form a frame inside
the body of a human or animal). Set a time limit of five b a
minutes for this.
t
■ When they have finished, ask different students to read out
the quiz questions and invite students to raise their hands
When they have a suitable arrangement, they should
if they know the answer. Nominate students to give the
draw an empty grid to represent the words, number the
answers.
words for down and across and write clues for each word.
Each pair then swaps their crossword with another pair to
ANSWERS
complete the puzzle.
1 the brain 2 the throat 3 the nose and the ears
4 the knee 5 the stomach
Homework
GO BEYOND FOR TEACHERS Ask students to cut out a photo of a person from a
Background note: The Body Parts Quiz magazine and stick it in their notebooks and then label
1 Despite advances in neuroscience, scientists are still a long the different body parts with vocabulary from this lesson.
way from understanding how the brain works. The brain has an Display the work around the classroom.
estimated 85 billion neurons and is often referred to as the
most complex object in the universe.
2 A flap in the throat called the epiglottis actually separates the
‘food’ pipe (oesophagus) from the ‘air’ pipe (trachea).
3 According to some reports, the nose and ears continue to grow
slightly as we get older. Various different theories have been put
forward to explain why, but there is no general agreement as to
why this might happen.
4 The three bones that connect at the knee are the thigh bone
(femur) and the two bones of the lower part of the leg (fibula
and tibia).
5 Gastric acid in the stomach is capable of breaking down metal.
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Talk about different types of games and puzzles. Learn how to read quickly (a reading sub-
SPEAK AND READ skill). Read a website page about brain puzzles. Do five brain puzzles and compare answers
with a partner.
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Recorded reading text 2.03 Ask students do some research on the internet into
The audio track can be used to help the students with brain training games and make notes under the following
reading quickly. In Exercise 2b playing the track while headings: Website; Name of game/puzzle; Short description
students read will encourage them not to stop at difficult (What do you have to do?); Your opinion (Was it fun? Was it
words. For less confident students, allow them to read good for your brain? Would you recommend it?).
through the text first, then play the audio for a second Encourage students to report back in the following class by
read through. comparing their notes with a partner.
READ Read some quiz questions. Encounter the target grammar in context.
Practise verb forms in zero conditional and if clauses with should. Do quizzes about science
PRACTISE
and dangerous situations.
WRITE AND SPEAK Write some quiz questions and quiz other students.
ANSWERS
1 A 2 B
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Talk about exercise habits. Match verbs for different actions to pictures. Practise saying the
WORK WITH WORDS
words.
Learn how to understand spoken instructions (a listening subskill). Listen to a podcast and
LISTEN follow instructions for an exercise routine. Fill the gaps in a summary of the podcast (exam
practice task). Invent an exercise routine.
AUDIO SCRIPT
WORK WITH WORDS Welcome to this month’s ‘Exercise at your desk’! If you do these
1 simple exercises every day, you’ll feel better and you’ll study better!
■ Divide the class into pairs to answer the questions about All you need is a chair and three minutes. But it’s very important to
their exercise habits. Remind them to use the expressions move slowly. If you’re not careful, you’ll hurt yourself. Are you sitting
once/twice/three times a week/month as well as other comfortably? Then let’s start!
frequency adverbs and expressions (from Unit 1) when they First, stand up and sit down. But don’t use your hands. Now do the
answer question 1. exercise again.
■ In open-class feedback, nominate two or three students to For the next exercise, try to touch your ears with your shoulders. Count
tell the class what they learned about their partner. to ten. Then do it again. Next, look up slowly, then look down. Now do it
again. Finally, turn your head from side to side. If you do it slowly, you’ll
2 relax your neck. Now do it again.
■ Refer students to the verbs in the box and ask them For the third exercise, stretch your arms out in front of you. Point your
to match them to the pictures. Set a time limit of five fingers down at the floor. Count to ten. Now turn your hand over so that
minutes. your fingers are pointing up. Count to ten. Next, stretch your arms above
■ As students finish, ask them to compare their answers with your head. Try to touch the ceiling. Count to ten. Finally, try to touch
another student. Don’t confirm the answers at this point. the middle of your back with your right hand. Use the other arm to help
3 2.02 you. Count to ten. Do the same with the other arm.
■ Play the track for students to listen and check their And now the last exercise. First, look down. Next, slowly move your
answers. chest forwards and try to touch your knees with your chest. Relax your
■ Play the track again for students to listen and repeat. arms and neck. Now hold your right elbow with your left hand. If you
pull your arms up, you’ll stretch your back and shoulders.
ANSWERS / AUDIO SCRIPT And that’s it! Have a great day!
1 look up 2 look down 3 stand up 4 sit down 5 point
6 hold 7 turn 8 stretch 9 touch 10 pull Alternative procedure: less confident groups
You may prefer to read out the audio script yourself with
a less confident group. This will give you much more
LISTEN flexibility to repeat or emphasise words if you see that
4a your students have not understood parts of the text.
■ Elicit some situations where students have to understand
spoken instructions, eg following instructions in a class, 5
talking to a pharmacist about medication, understanding ■ Encourage students to reflect and say which tips
technical instructions if their computer crashes, etc. in the HOW TO box helped them to understand the
■ Read through the HOW TO box with students. instructions in the podcast and tick them.
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Extra activity
Homework
Save the students’ exercise routines and use them in a
class when students have been doing a sedentary activity
Prepare copies of the audio script and ask students to
or you feel they need a boost in energy. Each time ask
study it and identify imperatives, sequencers and adverbs
the authors to lead a short exercise session using the
of manner. They could highlight each feature in a different
instructions they wrote.
colour.
Write two first conditional sentences by separating and punctuating words from a line of
GET STARTED
letters.
STUDY Use the reading text to deduce grammar explanations for first conditional.
Practise using first conditional structures in controlled exercises. Practise correct sentence
PRACTISE
stress in first conditional sentences. Personalise opinions using first conditional sentences.
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READ 4c 2.05
1 ■ Play the track for students to listen and repeat.
■ Ask students to read the conversation and answer the
question. AUDIO SCRIPT
■ Elicit the answer in open class and ask some follow-up See Student’s Book page 69 Exercise 3.
questions like: Why is it called a ‘fun run’? (because it isn’t
a serious race – anyone can do it); How much money will Alternative procedure: more confident groups
the organisers give to charity if you finish the run? (£20); Before listening in Exercise 4c, ask students to
How far is the run? (5km); Why is Aiden worried about doing underline the words that they think will be stressed in
the run? (because he’s unfit); Which verb is used in the last the sentences in Exercise 3. Remind them about the
line of the conversation to talk about preparing for the run? distinction between ‘content’ and ‘function’ words. Play
(train). the track for them to see if they were right, then play it
■ Ask if anyone has ever done a fun run. again and have them listen and repeat.
ANSWER
5a
Rosa and Aiden decide to do a fun run. ■ Ask students to work individually to complete the opinions
with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
STUDY ■ Let students compare their answers in pairs before you
check them in open class.
2
■ Start by asking students to underline any sentences which ANSWERS
have an if-clause in the conversation in Exercise 1. When 1 eat; won’t live 2 ’ll do/will do; exercise 3 will work; do
you elicit the examples, point out that these are examples
4 don’t go; won’t get
of the first conditional. Ask students: Does the if-clause
describe a situation or a result? (a situation).
■ Divide the class into pairs to complete the grammar 5b
explanations using examples from the conversation. ■ Ask students to decide if they personally think the opinions
■ Read through the explanations with students, checking that are true. If they don’t, ask them to rewrite the opinions in
they have completed the examples correctly. their notebooks using will probably, might or probably won’t.
■ If you feel it’s necessary, write an example sentence for the Alternative procedure
zero and first conditionals on the board and contrast their Divide the class into pairs to discuss the opinions and
form and use. You may also want to give further practice of decide if they agree or disagree. If they disagree, they
the contracted form of will. should rewrite the opinions in their notebooks using will
probably, might or probably won’t. Encourage pairs to
ANSWERS compare their adjusted sentences with another pair and
you finish they’ll give justify their opinions.
PRACTISE 6
■ Go through the example with the class. Then ask students
3 to put the words in order to make the remaining questions.
■ Ask students to work individually to read the sentences and Suggest that they cross out the words as they use them so
circle the correct options. Encourage them to refer back to that they are sure to use all the words.
the explanations if they are not sure. ■ Check the answers in open class.
■ Let students compare their answers in pairs before you
check them in open class. ANSWERS
2 If you go online this evening, which website will you visit
ANSWERS first?
2 do 3 might hurt; don’t 4 it’s; you’ll 3 What will your English teacher do if you don’t do your
homework?
4a 2.04 PRONOUNCE 4 If you go to the cinema this weekend, what film will you see?
■ Remind students that in English, some words are stressed 5 What will your mum or dad say if you pass all your next
more, or said louder, than others. exams?
■ Play the track for students to listen. Ask them to pay
particular attention to how the underlined words are Fast finishers
stressed. Ask fast finishers to write two more questions using a
first conditional pattern.
AUDIO SCRIPT
See Student’s Book page 69.
SPEAK
4b 7
■ Have students read the question and choose the correct ■ Divide the class into pairs to ask and answer the questions
answer using the sentences in Exercise 4a to help them. in Exercise 6. Before they start, focus their attention on
■ Check the answer in open class. the PHRASE BYTES box and encourage them to use these
phrases in their discussion.
ANSWER ■ Monitor and make quick corrections of the first conditional
2 Nouns, adjectives, verbs and negative verbs like don’t, can’t. as necessary.
(These are the types of word that give the ‘content’ of a
sentence.)
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DO Rank tips for giving a talk according to how important they are.
REFLECT Discuss what is important when giving a talk in order to communicate your message.
EXTEND Prepare and give a short talk. Give feedback to other students.
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DO Extra activity
Ask students to put these stages of a talk in the correct
4 order: Moving from one topic to another; Reminding people
■ Focus students’ attention on the tips for giving a talk. what you talked about; Introducing yourself; Telling people
■ Divide the class into pairs to discuss and rank each what’s in your talk; Ending your talk.
tip from 1–5, where 5 = very important and 1= not
important. Before they start, draw students’ attention Check the answers in open class.
to the PHRASE BYTES box and encourage them to use the Prepare and hand out these phrases from a talk for
phrases in their discussion. students to match to the stages.
■ In open-class discussion, go through the tips and invite A: Thanks for listening. Does anyone have any questions?
different pairs to say what ranking they gave the tip and
B: OK, so now let’s move on to …
why. See if other students agree.
C: First, I’ll talk about things you will need to go skiing and
REFLECT then I’ll explain how to do it. At the end of my talk, I’ll tell
you about some good places to go skiing.
5
D: So that’s it. In my talk today, I’ve given you some ideas
■ Refer the students to the questions and give them three
minutes to reflect on their answers. about what you need to buy if you want to go skiing,
some tips for how to ski and some suggestions of where
■ Discuss the questions in open class. Alternatively set up
to go.
small groups and ask students to discuss the questions.
■ Nominate a student to read out the REFLECTION POINT . Ask E: Good morning. My name’s Trevor and today I’m going to
the class if they agree with all of the points and if there are talk to you about skiing.
any other recommendations they think should be included.
■ You could make these comments to finish the discussion: ANSWERS
– All of the tips in Exercise 4 are useful ones. 1 Introducing yourself (E)
– Good preparation will help you if you are feeling nervous. 2 Telling people what’s in your talk (C)
– When you are giving a talk, you often have to speak 3 Moving from one topic to another (B)
slower and more clearly than you think you do. Speaking 4 Reminding people what you talked about (D)
slowly will also help to keep you focused and calm. 5 Ending your talk (A)
– Looking at your audience will make them feel that
you are interested in them and that you want to
communicate your message. Homework
EXTEND
Ask students to use their one-minute talks as a basis for
6 a three-minute talk that they can prepare at home using
■ Ask students to work individually to prepare a one-minute visual or audio material if possible. Draw up a schedule
talk about one of their hobbies or interests using the tips in so that over a period of two weeks, in each lesson one or
Exercise 4. Give them 5–10 minutes. two students give their talks. You can give personalised
■ You might like to model the task giving a one-minute talk feedback to students after these talks and they could
about one of your own hobbies or interests. This will give form part of your oral assessment for the term.
students a feel for how much material they need to create.
7
■ Divide the class into groups of three or four and ask them
to present their talks and give some feedback to the others
in their group. Invite them to refer them back to the tips in
Exercise 4 to do this.
■ Circulate and monitor as they work, making notes of
anything you would like to give feedback on.
GET STARTED Play a game of hangman to introduce some key phrases used in the lesson.
SPEAK Learn vocabulary for symptoms of common illnesses. Talk about the last time you were ill.
Watch or listen to a person visiting the doctor. Listen for specific information. Identify useful
WATCH OR LISTEN
phrases for being sensitive when giving bad news or difficult advice (a speaking sub-skill).
Prepare a conversation between a doctor and a patient. Memorise and perform the
ACT
conversation for the class.
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9
Homework
■ Ask students to practise and memorise their conversation,
making it sound as natural as possible. Remind them to
Ask students to make a set of vocabulary cards to record
stress the content words in sentences.
words and expressions related to doctors and illness.
■ Circulate and monitor as they practise, offering help with
They should choose at least ten words or expressions
pronunciation and intonation as necessary.
from page 71. On one side of the card, they should
■ Invite students to present their conversations to the class. write the word(s) and on the other, a definition or a
(If you can, try to set up some props for a doctor’s surgery
small picture or an example sentence with the words
– at least a table and two chairs – and a white coat for the
gapped out. They can use the cards to help memorise
doctor would be great!)
the vocabulary and to test themselves. Ask them to bring
■ You could ask students to vote for the best performance.
their cards to the next class to compare with another
■ Try to make some notes to give each pair feedback student.
after their performance, highlighting the strengths and
weaknesses of their conversations.
Extra activity
Divide the class into pairs. Ask them to write the
symptoms from Exercise 1 on small pieces of paper and
to place the pieces of paper face down in a pile. Each
student takes it in turn to pick up a piece of paper. They
must imagine that their partner has the symptom on the
piece of paper. They should offer advice to their partner
until he/she guesses what the symptom is, eg (Student
picks up a piece of paper saying a headache): You should
take an aspirin and you should get lots of sleep. Don’t
move your head too much. Stay in a dark room.
Read a problem and some replies from an internet forum page. Discuss which reply gives the
READ AND SPEAK
best advice. Learn how to give examples (a writing sub-skill).
Controlled practice of language for giving examples. Decide on advice for a student who has
PRACTISE
too much schoolwork.
PLAN Work through a plan for writing a forum post about a problem.
SHARE Share your ‘problem’ with another student and offer each other some advice.
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PLAN Homework
5 Ask students to choose one of the suggested problems
■ Explain to students that they are going to write about in the Writing plan box and write a problem post for an
a problem to post on the forum. Emphasise that their internet forum. Point out that they will have to imagine
problem can be a real one or an invented one, making sure that they have this problem, even if they haven’t. Remind
students realise that they will be sharing their problem them to follow the steps given.
posts with other students. If they are sensitive about
a problem, it is probably better that they invent one, or Explain that they should then invent a reply giving advice.
choose a real one that is less personal. Their problem post should be around 60–80 words and
■ Read through the Writing plan with students. When you the replies around 30–40 words each.
come to point 2, ask students to find examples in the text
in Exercise 1 of the zero and first conditionals.
■ Set a time limit of five minutes to brainstorm ideas. Walk
round the class, helping students if necessary.
ANSWERS
… if I talk in class, she laughs. (zero conditional)
If you talk to her when she’s not with her friends, maybe she’ll tell
you why she’s being so horrible. (first conditional)
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ANSWERS
Exercise verbs 1 should exercise 2 exercise 3 has
2 4 shouldn’t start 5 do 6 prepares 7 is
8 doesn’t feel
■ Ask students if they remember the physical exercises
they did when they listened to the podcast on page
68. Explain that the text they are going to read here
contains a similar set of instructions.
■ Ask students to complete the instructions with verbs First conditional
from the box.
■ Let students compare their answers in pairs before 4
you check them in open class. ■ Remind students that the first conditional is used to
■ You may like to suggest that students work in pairs to talk about actions and possible results in the future.
take it in turns to read the instructions out and do the Elicit the form, ie if-clause with present simple + result
exercises. with will/won’t/might.
■ Start by asking students to skim the text to say what
ANSWERS type of text it is (an advert) before they read more
1 stand 2 look 3 point 4 turn 5 look carefully and choose the correct options. Set a time
6 touch 7 stretch 8 hold 9 pull 10 sit limit of two minutes for them to circle the correct
options.
■ After you check the answers in open class, divide
the class into pairs to take it in turns to read out the
advert. Encourage them to make it sound like a radio
advert and sound enthusiastic about what they are
trying to sell.
ANSWERS
1 You’ll 2 you 3 you 4 you’ll 5 you aren’t
6 we’ll
Extra Resources
Go online for
■ the Speaking part of the Progress Check X&X
■ a downloadable Project linked to Units X–X
■ Downloadable audio and audioscripts for the Student’s Book and Workbook
■ Video s and video scripts
■ Extra Vocabulary for revision (less confident students) and extension (more confident students)
■ Extra Grammar for revision (less confident students) and extension (more confident students)
■ A standalone CLIL lesson, with full teacher’s notes
■ A Life Skills lesson, with full teacher’s notes
■ Speaking Database materials
■ Wordlists
■ Tips for using the Grammar Database
Workbook pages 00–00