Republic of the Philippines

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum

Technology and Livelihood Education
Learning Module

DRESSMAKING/
TAILORING
EXPLORATORY COURSE
Grades 7 and Grade 8
K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum 51
Technology and Livelihood Education –
Dressmaking/Tailoring
 LESSON 3
Create design for a simple project

LEARNING OUTCOMES:
At the end of this Lesson you are expected to do the following:

LO 1. Sketch simple project design; and LO 2. Produce simple project;

 Definition of Terms

Asymmetrical - having no balance or symmetry.

Balance - a state of equilibrium or parity characterized by cancellation of all forces by
Cacha - a kind of cotton cloth good for beginner sewer for project making.
Colorfast – do not fade easily
Design – a blueprint
Emphasis - a special attention or effort directed toward something.
equal opposing forces.
Harmony - means a relationship of different portion of a design
Hue – the family group name of a color
Intensity – means the brightness or dullness of a color
Primary Colors – the sources of all colors
Proportion - part considered in relation to the whole.
Proportion – is the pleasing relationship of all parts of the object with one another.

Rhythm – these are smooth movement repeated again and again

Secondary Colors – are produced when mixing two equal amount of primary colors
sides of a dividing line or plane or about a center or an axis.
Symmetry - exact correspondence of form and constituent configuration on opposite

K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum 53

Technology and Livelihood Education –
Dressmaking/Tailoring
 LEARNING OUTCOME 1

Sketch simple project design

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS

Design for a simple project is sketched applying the principles of design and applying the color harmoni

Materials

- Pictures
- Catalogue
- Different kind of designs
 What Do You Already Know?

Let us determine how much you already know about the sketching simple project design. Take this test.

Pretest LO 1

Direction: Choose your answer in the box. Write your answer in your notebook.

proportion harmony emphasis formal balance informal balance rhythm

balance gradation repetition radiation

A.
1. It is the pleasing relationship of all parts of the object with one another.
2. It can be described as having equal "weight" on equal sides of a
centrally placed like a see saw.
3. When the structure decoration and accessories are different both sides from
the centre of the design.
4. It refers to the relative size and scale of the various elements in a design.
The issue is the relationship between objects, or parts, of a whole.
5. This is an easy way of balancing but such balance lends monotony to
the dress.
6. It is the center of interest.
7. These are smooth movement repeated again and again.
8. A kind of rhythm can also be created by the use of radiated lines.
9. It means a relationship of different portion of a design.
10. Eyes can move easily from one part to the other on the small lines created by
gathers.

A. Identify the following;

1. Primary colors are blue, yellow and .
2. Yellow mix with red is .
3. Red mix with violet is .
4. Tint or red is .
5. Maroon is of red.
6. Analogous or adjacent color of green is and .
7. Complement of orange is .
8. Split complement of red is and .
9. Triad of violet is and .
10. Neutral colors are , and .
 What Do You Need To Know?

Read the Information Sheet 1.1 very well then find out how much you can remember and how much you learned by doing Self-ch

Information Sheet 1.1

PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

The principles of designs are concepts used to organize or arrange the structural
elements of design. These the ways in which these principles are applied the affects the
expressive content, or the message of the work.

Principles

Balance - According to this principle, from the centered of the dress, design should be
identified on both sides may be achieved ways:

a. Symmetrically or the formal balance - can be described

as having equal "weight" on equal sides of a centrally placed
like a see saw. This is an easy way of balancing but such
balance lends monotony to the design.

b. Asymmetrically or the informal balance – When

The structure decoration and accessories are different
both sides from the center of the design. In this design
attraction both sides is created by using different
accessories.

c. Proportion - is the pleasing relationship of all parts of

the object with one another. Proportion refers to the
relative size and scale of the various elements in a design.
The issue is the relationship between objects, or parts, of
a whole.
 Emphasis – every pleasing design has one part
that is more interesting than any other. This is
the emphasis or the center of interest.

Rhythm – these are smooth movement repeated

again and again. Rhythm is an important principle of
art. It is created by repeated use of the design. If
there is rhythm in a design, the eye would move
easily from one part to the other.

Rhythm can be created in three ways in a design:

a. Repetition of lines, colors, or

accessories. Parallel lines are formed by the
use of seams, buttons, embroidery, lace, etc.
which helps uninterrupted eye movement.

Radiation. Rhythm can also be created by the

radiated lines. These lines are created by

gathers Eyes can move easily from one part to
the other on the small lines created by gathers.
Such lines can be seen in gathers on neckline,
arm and
skirt.

Gradation. Rhythm can be created by gradual

change of lines, shape or shade of the color.

Harmony - means a relationship of

different portion of a design. Harmony
should be achieved through judicious use
of color, shape, and texture to give a
feeling of oneness.
 How Much Have You Learned?

Self-Check 1.1

Identification: Write your answer on the space provided for.

1. A pants with a pocket on both sides with the same style, size
and shape.
2. A large hat on a small boy is out of proportion to his size.
3. It may be a pretty collar, an attractive bow or a lovely pin.
4. A kind of rhythm can be created by gradual change of lines,
shape or shade of the color.
5. It is a relationship of different portion of a dress.

Refer to the Answer Key. What is your score?

Read the Information Sheet 1.2 very well then find out how much you can remember and how much you learned by doing Self-che

Information Sheet 1.2

COLOR THEORY

The first thing you usually notice about clothes or anything is their color. Before
you start studying which colors look best together, you should learn the meaning of color
terms and the rules that apply to colors.

The Color Wheel

photobucket.com/images/color%20wheel/
 Primary Colors – the sources of all colors, even though there are thousands and
thousands of colors in the world, they are all made up of these colors – red, blue and
yellow.

Secondary Colors – are produced when mixing two equal amount of primary colors. If
you mix equal amount or yellow and blue you will have green, equal parts of red and blue
will have violet, and red and yellow you will have orange.

Look at the color wheel you will find these colors – orange, green and violet.

Intermediate Colors – are produced by mixing two equal amount of primary and
secondary colors. Example, if you mix equal parts of yellow (primary color) and green
(secondary color) you will have yellow-green. Noticed that yellow-green is found between
yellow and green on the color wheel.

The intermediate colors are;

Yellow + green = yellow-green Red + violet = red-violet

Blue + green = blue-green Red + orange = red-orange
Blue + violet = blue-violet Blue + orange = blue-orange

Pure Colors – are the primary, secondary and intermediate colors because they have no
white, black and gray in them. Pure colors are also called ―normal, true and basic colors‖.

Tints – when pure colors are mixed with white, they are made lighter. Example, when white
is added to red you have pink. In other words pink is a tint of red. The more white you add,
the lighter the pink will be. Tints are also called ―pastels‖.

Shades – when pure colors are mixed with black, they are made darker. Example, when
black is added to red you have maroon, a shade of red. The more black you add, the more
darker you have.

Grayed colors – most colors we used in clothes are grayed colors rather than bright, pure
colors you see on the color wheel. Grayed colors are also referred to as ―soft colors‖ or ―dull
colors‖. The more gray you add, the more duller the color will be.

Neutrals – are white, black and gray. They look well with another and with all other colors.
The more grayed colors becomes, the more different colors it will harmonize with.

Warm and Cool Colors

Cool colors – are green, blue-green, blue, blue-violet, violet. Blue is the coolest color. They
are adjacent to one another in the color wheel.
Warm colors – are red, red-orange, orange, yellow-orange, and orange. Red is the warmest
color. They are also adjacent in the color wheel.

Qualities of Colors

Hue – is the family group name of a color. It is the name of a color. Ones they are combined
differently and given new names.

Value – refers to the lightness or the tint or the darkness of the shade. The scale of the value
colors are from the very lightest tint to the very darkest of the shade.

Intensity – means the brightness or dullness of a color. When you refer to a color as ―bright‖
or ―very bright‖ or ―dull‖ or ―very dull‖ you are describing its intensity. Example, green
peppers are bright yellow-green, while olives are dull yellow green.
Color Schemes

The beauty of any color scheme depends upon how well the colors harmonize. To
harmonize, colors must appear to belong together.

1. One-color harmony (monochromatic color) – the easiest color scheme to follow is

one that uses the same color in different values and intensity. Example, dark blue
suit with very dark blue accessories and a light blue blouse.

2. Adjacent color harmony – or analogous color harmony. Since they are near each
other on the color wheel, neighbor color harmony. Example, yellow-orange, orange,
and yellow green are next to each other on the color wheel; therefore, a pleasing
adjacent color harmony may be made from them.

3. Complementary Color Harmony – these are colors that are opposite in the color
wheel. Using these colors may be very pleasing.

a. Complementary colors – directly opposite in the color wheel. Example, red

and green, blue and orange, yellow and violet.

b. Split complementary colors – a variation of the complementary color

scheme. In addition to the base color, it uses the two colors adjacent to its
complement.
 www.tigercolor.com/color-lab/color-theory/color-harmonies.htm

c. Triad - A triadic color scheme uses colors that are evenly spaced around the
color wheel. Triadic color harmonies tend to be quite vibrant, even if you use
pale or unsaturated versions of your hues.

How Much Have You Learned?

Self-Check 1.2

Refer to the Answer Key. What is your score?

Identify the following;

1. Primary colors are red, yellow and .
2. is a color formed by mixing yellow and blue.
3. When red is mix with orange, the color is .
4. Tint of red is .
5. Maroon is of red.
6. Analogous or adjacent color of blue is and .
7. Complement of red is .
8. Split complement of yellow is and .
9. Triad of orange is and .
10. Neutral colors are , and .
 How Do You Extend Your Learning?

Instruction: Copy this design in a bond paper and apply the principles. Color the picture and
apply the color harmonies. This will be your project.
 LEARNING OUTCOME 2

Produce simple project

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS

Project produced in accordance to the specifications of designs

Materials

Sewing Tools
- Needle
- Plain cloth (any color)
- Thread (any color)
 What Do You Already Know?

Let us determine how much you already know about the use farm tools and equipment. Take this test.

Pretest LO 2

Direction: Identify the different pictures

1.
5.

2. 6.

3. 7.

4.

B. Arrange the steps in assembling the organizer by numbering.

Remove hanging threads.
Zigzag raw edges of the pockets.
Fold and baste of the organizer before sewing in the sewing machine.
Press.
Lay the pockets, pin, baste then machine stitch.
Put labels for each pockets as marking tools, measuring tools and
cutting tools.
Sew the handles for hanging.
Work on the pockets by putting designs applying the principles of
designs.
 What Do You Need To Know?

the Information Sheet 2.1 very well then find out how much you can remember and how much you learned by doing Self-check 2.1.

Information Sheet 2.1

BASIC HAND STITCHES

Sewing the basic hand stitches are very easy if you learn each step thoroughly
before you start practicing the next step. Sewing by hand is a skill that most, if not all, people
should probably attempt to master at some point.

Back Stitch
Make one running stitch, then take a back stitch to the beginning of
the first stitch, thus overlapping each running stitch. Resembles
machine stitching and is used to strengthen a seam made by hand.
Basting
Basting is quite important in successful sewing. This is used to hold
fabric temporarily in place, until permanently stitched. There are four
types of basting; hand basting, machine basting, pin basting and
basting edges with an iron.
Running Stitch
To make this stitch, push point of needle in and out of fabric until you
have several stitches on the needle. Hold fabric taut with left hand,
pull the needle through. Practice until you make fine even stitches.
Outline Stitch
This stitch is similar to the back stitch but it is slanted. Make one
slanted backstitch in front of another letting each one overlap the
one before it just a little bit, until the design is filled.
Blanket Stitch
Put your needle in 1/4 inch from the edge of the fabric, put the thread
under the point of the needle and pull through.

Catch Stitch
This is used for a flat finish next to fabric, such as seam binding on a
hem. Hold open hem edge away from you, work from left to right,
Take a stitch in the hem, then a tiny stitch to the right just beyond
edge of hem with the point of needle to the left. This makes diagonal
lined that cross each other.
Chain Stitch
Insert the needle in and out of the fabric (as in the running stitch).
Bring the thread under the tip of the needle while still in the
fabric, then pull the needle through.
 How Much Have You Learned?

Self-Check 2.1

A. Identify the following basic hand stitches. Write your answer before the number.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6 – 9 What are the four types of basting stitch?

10. stitch is similar to the backstitch but it is slanted.

 How Do You Extend Your Learning?

Make a sample of the different basic hand stitches in a 3‖ x 3‖ plain cloth and compile
them in a short bond paper. Label them and write their descriptions.

How Do You Apply What You Have Learned?

Show that you learned something by doing this activity

job Sheet 2.1

LO2 : PRODUCE SIMPLE PROJECT

Objective : Demonstration how to make an organizer for sewing tool
Materials, Tools : ½ yard cloth, 1 spool of thread (small), manila paper, shears,
and Equipment pins, needles, tailor‘s chalk, pencil, ruler and sewing machine

Procedure

1. Make a sketch of your organizer using a

measurement of 12‖ x 30‖ as the size, or you can
copy the sample a illustrated above.
2. Make patterns for the main part which is the
base of the organizer using a manila paper. 12‖ x
30‖ in size.
3. Make patterns for the patch pockets 8‖ x 8‖ as
the size with three designs, plain, oval and
pointed.
4. Lay your pattern on the cloth. Lay large pattern
first then the smaller patterns
5. Pin the patterns.
6. Mark the cloth
7. Mark sewing allowances
8. Cut the cloth. Reminder: before cutting measure
twice or more if there is doubt of the
measurements.
9. Construction or assembling process by unit
method.
a.Work on the pockets by putting designs
applying the principles of designs using the different basic hand stitches and
applying the theories of colors.
b.Put labels for each pockets as marking tools, measuring tools and cutting tools.
This will be the emphasis of the organizer.
 c. Zigzag raw edges of the pockets to make it durable and edges will not ravel.
d.Sew the handles for hanging.
e.Work on the base as the main part of the organizer by folding the sides. Baste folds
before sewing in the sewing machine.
f. Lay the pockets, pin, baste then machine stitch.
g.Remove hanging threads.
h.Press.

How Well Did You Perform?

Find out by accomplishing the Scoring Rubric honestly and sincerely. Remember it is your learning at stake!

Rubric in Drafting the Pattern for the Organizer

Weighted
Item 3 2 1 Score Score
Tools were Lack of one tool, Lack of two or
Tools complete, some are more tools, some
(10%) appropriate and appropriate and are appropriate
correctly used. correctly used. and not correctly
used.
Used the correct Used the correct Failed to use the
Procedure method. method. correct method.
(60%) Procedures Procedures Procedures not
correctly incorrectly followed.
followed. followed.
All pattern Some pattern All pattern details
Pattern details were details were are not drafted
(20%) correctly inaccurately correctly and
measured and drafted. accurately.
accurately
drafted.
Finished the Finished the Finished the
Speed pattern ahead of pattern on time. pattern more
(10%) time. than the allotted
time.
Total

Legend:
Weighted Score: = Score x Item (weight)
Score Percentage = Total weighted score x 30 + 70
Perfect score (3)
Example:
3 x 10% = .3
2 x 60% = 1.2
2 x 20% = .4
3 x 10% = .3

Total weighted score = 2.2

Score Percentage
= 2.2 x 50 + 50
3
Grade = 87

Rubric in Constructing the Organizer

Weighted
Item 3 2 1 Score Score
Correct shade of Correct kind, Incorrect and
Threads thread matches and color but does not match
(10%) the color of the does not match the color of the
fabric. the shade of the fabric.
fabric.
Stitches are Some stitches Uneven stitches,
Machine even and proper are crooked, did crooked and did
stitching length followed not follow the not follow the
(70%) the sewing line. sewing line. sewing lines
Finished the Finished the Finished the
Speed organizer organizer on organizer more
(20%) ahead of time. time. than the allotted
time.
Total

Example:
3 x 10% = .3
2 x 70% = 1.4
2 x 20% = .4

Total weighted score = 2.1

Score Percentage
= 2.1 x 50 + 50
3
Grade = 85

Note: If you want to consider a higher grade of your students adjust score percentage, you
can change it to 40 + 60.
 Self-Check 2.2

Refer to the Answer Key. What is your score?

Arrange the steps in sewing the organizer for sewing tools by putting the number in their
proper order. Write your answer on the space provided before the number.

Remove hanging threads.

Zigzag raw edges of the pockets.
Fold and baste of the organizer before sewing in the sewing machine.
Press.
Lay the pockets, pin, baste then machine stitch.
Put labels for each pockets as marking tools, measuring tools and
cutting tools.
Sew the handles for hanging.
Work on the pockets by putting designs applying the principles of
designs.

Show that you learned something by doing this activity

Job Sheet 2.2

Objective: Sew an apron with creative patch pocket.

Materials, Tools and Equipment:

1 yard of fabric

Piece of coordinating fabric for the pocket

7/8" ribbon

Apron Pattern
Instructions:

1. Place the apron pattern on the folded fabric and cut out.

2. Fold the rectangle of coordinating fabric in half with right

sides together. Stitch around three sides of the pocket using a
1/2" seam allowance, leaving a 3" opening at the bottom. Clip
the corners.
( Pattern for patch pocket may vary depending on the
design).

3. Turn the pocket right side out and push out the corners of
the pocket with an item like a chopstick. (Don't use something
too sharp or you will poke a hole through the fabric.) Press the
pocket flat, folding in the raw edges of the opening. Topstitch
along the fold, which will be the top of your pocket.

4.Place the pocket on the center of the apron approximately

12" from the top. Stitch the sides and bottom of the pocket to
the apron.
(Placement of the pocket may vary).

5. Using a double fold hem (folding fabric in 1/2", pressing,

then folding 1/2" again and pressing for a 1" hem), pin and
stitch the sides and bottom of the apron.
6.Using a double fold hem (folding fabric in 5/16", pressing,
then folding 5/16" again and pressing for a 5/8" hem), pin and
stitch the curved side of the apron.

7. Fold down 1/4" along top and press. Fold 1" again and
press. Stitch facing down.

8.Stitch 28" piece of ribbon to top left of apron. Finish raw

edge of ribbon by folding over twice and stitching.

9.Stitch 24" long piece of ribbon at the top of the straight side.
Repeat for the other side. Finish raw edge of ribbon by folding
over twice and stitching.
 How Well Did You Perform?

Find out by accomplishing the Scoring Rubric honestly and sincerely. Remember it is your learning at stake!

Outstanding Very Good Good Score

ITEMS
(10) (7) (5)
All steps were Most of the steps Some of the steps
A. Construction
followed in the were followed were followed
Process correct sequence correctly. correctly
B. Manipulated
Tools and
Most of the time Sometimes Not at all
equipment
properly
C. Work Habits:
Organized, clean Most of the time Sometimes Not at all
and systematic
D. Work within the Finished ahead of Finished just in
Late by 1 day
time target time time

Congratulations! You did a great job! Rest and

relax a while then move on to the next lesson.
Good luck!

REFERENCES

LO1
 Author, copyright year, title, place of publication: publishing house
LO 2
 How You Look and Dress by Byrta Carson


 photobucket.com/images/color%20wheel/


K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum 74
Technology and Livelihood Education –
Dressmaking/Tailoring