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The Propaganda-WPS Office

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23 views3 pages

The Propaganda-WPS Office

Uploaded by

John Carlo Basco
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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The Propaganda Movement

Propaganda was a patriotic socio-political organization founded in 1872 by Filipinos who had settled in
Europe. Its members were mainly the Filipino liberals exiled in 1872 and the Filipino students studying in
Europe’s universities at the time. Also considered a cultural and literary organization, the Propaganda
had a principal publication, the ‘La Solidaridad’.

The Propaganda primarily aimed to bring to Spain’s attention the real needs of its colony, the
Philippines. Among other things, the Propagandists specifically advocated the following:

(1) the recognition of the Philippines as a province of Spain and its (Philippines) representation in the
Spanish parliament (Cortes Generales);

(2) the secularization of the Philippine parishes and clergy;

(3) the equality between the Spanish and the Filipino, especially in entering government service;

(4) the establishment of government-funded schools not run by the friars;

(5) the abolition of the ‘polo’ (forced labor) and ‘vandala’ (forced sale of local products to the
government); and

(6) the recognition of human rights and freedom, especially the freedoms of speech and association.

Renowned members of the Propaganda were Marcelo H. del Pilar, Graciano Lopez Jaena (publisher of La
Solidaridad), Jose Rizal, and Mariano Ponce. Rizal’s numerous brave essays which promote patriotism
were published by the organization through its organ, La Solidaridad.

La Liga Filipina
Jose Rizal established this civic association in the house of Doroteo Ongjunco at Ilaya Street, Tondo,
Manila on July 3, 1892. Though it was Jose Ma. Basa who conceived the establishment of ‘La Liga
Filipina’ (The Philippine League), his friend and namesake Jose Rizal was the one who wrote its
constitution in Hong Kong and actually founded it upon his return in the Philippines in 1892.

Considered an indirect upshot and subsidiary of the Propaganda, the La Liga aimed to directly involve
the patriotic Filipinos, especially those based in the country, in the reform movement. Intending to uplift
the life of the Filipinos, the society would promote mutual aids through projects like establishing
cooperatives to provide supports like legal assistance, scholarship grants, and economic loans. The La
Liga aspired, among others, to:

(1) unite the whole archipelago into one strong and united organization;

(2) have mutual protection in every need and want;

(3) serve as a defense against all violence and injustices;

(4) encourage education, agriculture, and commerce; and

(5) study the application of reforms.

The meeting in the house of Doroteo Ongjunco was attended by at least 20 Filipinos, including Andres
Bonifacio and Apolinario Mabini. Rizal explained the aims of the ‘La Liga Filipina’ and officers were
afterward elected, having Ambrosio Salvador as the president and Deodato Arellano as secretary.

Three days after the meeting though, Rizal was arrested, imprisoned, and later deported to Dapitan. The
society thus became inactive, but was immediately reorganized through the active efforts of Andres
Bonifacio and Domingo Franco. The revived organization expressed its support for the Propaganda
Movement and its cause and vowed to raise funds for its operations.
However, disagreements on how reform should be attained soon emerged as some members wanted
armed revolution whereas others wanted to preserve La Liga’s principle of a peaceful reform. The La
Liga was thus dissolved before long and its membership split into two groups: (1) the ‘Cuerpo de
Compromisarios’ which comprised the conservatives who aimed to continue supporting the La
Solidaridad, and (2) the ‘Katipunan’ which consisted of the radicals led by Bonifacio. The ‘Cuerpo’
ultimately died out while the Katipunan attracted many Filipinos. Historically therefore, Rizal’s La Liga
gave birth to Bonifacio’s Katipunan.

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