Edcp - 2
Edcp - 2
Half-Wave Rectifier
+ –
half cycle.
I = 0A
–
during the negative Vin Vout
0 RL 0
t0 t1 t2 t0 t1 t2
half cycle. +
RL
Vout
0 0
t0 t1 t2 t0 t1 t2
+
PIV at tp
The peak inverse
voltage (PIV) is – +
equal to the peak tp –
I=0
V 0
input voltage and is +
RL
the maximum
voltage across the −Vp(in)
diode when it is not
conducting.
Notice that the PIV can be found by applying Kirchhoff’s
Voltage Law. The load voltage is 0 V, so the input voltage is across the
diode at tp.
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Electronic Devices
Full-Wave Rectifier
F D1
+ –
+
I
A center-tapped 0
Vin
–
Vout
transformer is used
+ +
RL
– –
cycles. –
Vin Vout
+
0 0
– +
RL
I –
+
+ –
D2
I
D3 D1
– –
Determine the peak output voltage and current in the 3.3 kΩ load
resistor if Vsec = 24 Vrms. Use the practical diode model.
V p ( sec ) 1.41
= = Vrms 33.9 V
D3 D1
V=
p ( out ) V p ( sec ) − 1.4 V 120 V V(sec) =
24 Vrms
+
= 32.5 V D2 D4
RL
3.3 k Ω
Vp(out )
–
Vin VOUT
Full-wave
0V Filter 0
rectif ier
(Ripple is exaggerated.)
+
+
Vin VC RL
–
–
+
+
Vin VC RL
–
–
A longer time constant will have less ripple for the same input
voltage and frequency.
F1
T1
D3 D1
Voltage
SW1
regulator
D2 D4
+ +
C1 C2
∆VOUT 1.5 mV
Line regulation = =
100% = 100% 0.15%
∆ VIN 1.0 V
V −V 5.00 V − 4.96 V
Load regulation
= = NL FL 100% = 100% 0.8 %
VFL 4.96 V
A diode limiter is a circuit that limits (or clips) either the positive or
negative part of the input voltage. A biased limiter is one that has a
bias voltage in series with the diode, so that a specific voltage level
can be selected for limiting.
A positive limiter is shown. RL is normally >> R1 to avoid loading
effects. The output will be clipped when the input voltage
overcomes the bias voltage and the forward voltage of the diode.
R1
Vin
V BIAS + 0.7 V
0 RL 0
+
V BIAS
–
10 V 1.0 kΩ
Vin 0 VBIAS =
RL 3.0 V
0
2.3 V + 100 kΩ
As a check, you can simulate the circuit with Multisim. The scope shows
the input and output voltage for the positive limiter circuit in Example-1.
Vin
Vout
10 V 1.0 kΩ
RL +1.6 V 0
Vin 0 V BIAS =
2.3 V + 100 kΩ
Vp(in) – 0.7 V
Vp(in) – 0.7 V
Vp(in) – +
Vout
0 RL
0
– 0.7 V
+0.7 V
Vp (in) + – 0
Vp(in)
Diode data sheets include maximum ratings for current, voltage and
temperature as well as other electrical parameters. Some voltage and
current specifications are abbreviated as follows:
VRRM The maximum peak reverse voltage that can be applied repetitively
across the diode. This is the same as the PIV rating.
VR The maximum reverse dc voltage that can be applied across the diode.
VRSM The maximum peak value of nonrepetitive reverse voltage that can be
applied across the diode.
1. For the circuit shown, the PIV will occur when the input
waveform is at point
a. A B
C
b. B
Vin
RL
c. C
A D
d. D
–
b. full-wave rectifier +
–
c. bridge rectifier +
RL
–
+
d. none of the above +
D2
–
–
b. Vp(sec) +
–
c. 2Vp(sec) +
RL
–
+
d. none of the above +
D2
–
b. D3 and D4 D3 D1
+ +
c. D1 and D4 Vin
– –
d. D2 and D3 D2 D4
10 V 1.0 kΩ
b. below +3.6 V Vin 0 VBIAS =
RL
4.3 V + 100 kΩ
c. above +5.0 V –
d. below +5.0 V
10 V 1.0 kΩ
b. below +3.6 V Vin 0 VBIAS =
RL
100 kΩ
4.3 V +
c. above +5.0 V –
d. below +5.0 V
Answers:
1. d 6. c
2. b 7. b
3. a 8. c
4. a 9. b
5. d 10. a