Name - Pooja Gill

Roll no. - 757

CHAPTER- 3
Functions and their Graphs

◼ 3.1 Defining a function

A function is a rule that assigned to each input results exactly one output.

Follow these rules when defining a function

1 The name of the function such as f or inv should be a lowercase letter,
or a word that begins with a lowercase letter. This is because all built -
in functions such as Log and N begin with capital letters. If your
function begins with a lowercase letter, you will never accidentally
give it a name that already belongs to some built - in function.
2 The function argument in these examples x must be
followed by an underscore _ on the left side of the definition.
3 Use square brackets [] to enclose the function argument.

4 Use the colon - equal combination :=

to separate the left side of the definition from the right.

Clearing a Function:-
After completing all your work major work is to clear the function used. Since once done it is a good
habit to clear the function in mathematica.
In[1]:= ?f
Out[1]=

Symbol

Global`f

Full Name Global`f

2

In[2]:= f[x_] := x ^ 2 + 2 x - 4

In[3]:= Clear[f]

◼ 3.2 Plotting a Function

In[4]:= PlotSin[1 + Cos[x]], x, - 10, 10
Out[4]=

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

-10 -5 5 10

In[5]:= PlotSin[1.4 + Cos[x]], x, - 10, 10

Out[5]=

1.0

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

-10 -5 5 10
 3

In[6]:= PlotSin[Pi / 2 + Cos[x]], x, - 10, 10

Out[6]=

1.0

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

-10 -5 5 10

In[7]:= PlotSin[2 + Cos[x]], x, - 10, 10

Out[7]=

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

-10 -5 5 10

In[8]:= PlotExp[x ^ 2], x, - 3, 3

Out[8]=
1200

1000

800

600

400

200

-3 -2 -1 1 2 3
4

In[18]:=

PlotExp[x ^ 2], x, - 3, 3, PlotRange → Full

Out[18]=

8000

6000

4000

2000

-3 -2 -1 1 2 3

In[12]:=

PlotExp[x ^ 2], x, - 3, 3, PlotRange → Full

Out[12]=

8000

6000

4000

2000

-3 -2 -1 1 2 3
 5

In[30]:=

Plot100 Cos[x] + Exp[x ^ 2], {x, - 3, 3}, PlotRange → 0, 200

Out[30]=
200

150

100

50

-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3

In[31]:=

Plotx ^ 2, x, - 3, 3, AspectRatio → 2

Out[31]=

-3 -2 -1 1 2 3
6

In[32]:=

Plotx + 1, x, - 3, 3

Out[32]=

-3 -2 -1 1 2 3

-1

-2

In[34]:=

Plotx ^ 2 + 1, x, - 3, 3, AxesOrigin → 0, 0

Out[34]=

10

-3 -2 -1 1 2 3

In[35]:=

Plotx ^ 2 + 1, x, - 3, 3, Mesh → All

Out[35]=

10

-3 -2 -1 1 2 3
 7

In[36]:=

Plotx ^ 2 + 1, x, - 3, 3, PlotStyle → LighterGreen, 0.8

Out[36]=

10

-3 -2 -1 1 2 3

In[37]:=

Plotx ^ (1 / 3), x, - 8, 8

Out[37]=

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

-5 5

In[38]:=

Plotx ^ 2 + 1, x, - 3, 3, PlotStyle → DirectiveThick, Red, Dashed

Out[38]=

10

-3 -2 -1 1 2 3
8

In[39]:=

Plotx ^ (1 / 3), x, - 8, 8

Out[39]=

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

-5 5

In[48]:=

Clear[f];

f[x_] := x ^ 5 - 4 x ^ 2 + 1  (x - 1 / 2) Plotf[x], x, - 3, 3

In[50]:=

Plotf[x], x, - 10, 10

Out[50]=

1.0

0.5

-10 -5 5 10

-0.5

-1.0

In[51]:=

Clear[f];
In[52]:=

f[x_] := x ^ 5 - 4 x ^ 2 + 1  (x - 1 / 2)
 9

In[53]:=

Plotf[x], x, - 3, 3

Out[53]=

80

60

40

20

-3 -2 -1 1 2 3

-20

In[54]:=

Plotf[x], x, - 10, 10

Out[54]=

10 000

8000

6000

4000

2000

-10 -5 5 10

In[57]:=

Plotf[x], x, - 1, 2, Exclusions → (1 / 2)

Out[57]=

10

-1.0 -0.5 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0

-5

-10
10

In[58]:=

Clear[f];
In[59]:=

f[x_] := x ^ 2 - 2 x + 4
In[60]:=

Plotf[x], x, - 1, 3

Out[60]=

-1 1 2 3

In[61]:=

Plotf[x], x, 1.9, 2.1

Out[61]=

4.2

4.1

4.0

3.9

1.95 2.00 2.05 2.10

 11

In[62]:=

Withd = 10 ^ (- 10), Plotf[x], x, 2 - d, 2 + d

Out[62]=

2 2 2 2

In[63]:=

Log[1]
Out[63]=

In[64]:=

Clear[f];
In[65]:=

f[x_] := x ^ 2 + 2 x - 4
In[66]:=

f[1]
Out[66]=

-1

In[67]:=

f[Pi]
Out[67]=

-4 + 2 π + π2

In[68]:=

inv[x_] := 1 / x
In[69]:=

inv[45]
Out[69]=
1
45
In[70]:=

g[x_] := N[inv[x]]
g[45]
Out[71]=

0.0222222

ln 12:-
12

In[73]:=

realPowerx_, p_ := Ifx < 0 && Elementp, Rationals, IfOddQ[Denominator[p]],

IfOddQ[Numerator[p]], - Power- x, p, Power- x, p, Powerx, p, Powerx, p

In[74]:=

PlotrealPowerx, 1 / 3, x, - 8, 8

Out[74]=

-5 5

-1

-2

In[75]:=

PlotrealPowerx, 2 / 3, x, - 8, 8

Out[75]=

-5 5

Alternate of Clear all command:

In[76]:=

a = 7; b = 6; c = 4;
a, b, c
Out[77]=

{7, 6, 4}

In[78]:=

ClearAll ;
 13

In[79]:=

a, b, c
Out[79]=

{7, 6, 4}

Here clear all is not working so we will use another function;

In[80]:=

Clear["Global`*"]
In[81]:=

a, b, c
Out[81]=

{a, b, c}

Difference between Immediate and Delayed assignment

In[82]:=

x = RandomInteger[100];
In[83]:=

x, x, x
Out[83]=

{74, 74, 74}

In[84]:=

x := RandomInteger[100];
In[85]:=

x, x, x
Out[85]=

{70, 44, 11}

14

Directive Command
In[86]:=

Plot2 (x - 4) ^ 2 + 1, x, 3, 5, PlotStyle → DirectiveThick, Red, Dashed

Out[86]=

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

In[87]:=

Plot2 (x - 4) ^ 2 + 1, x, 3, 5, PlotStyle → DirectiveThick, Red, Dashing[Large]

Out[87]=

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

 15

In[88]:=

Plot2 (x - 4) ^ 2 + 1, x, 3, 5, PlotStyle → DirectiveThick, Red, Dashing[Small]

Out[88]=

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

In[89]:=

= Plot2 (x - 4) ^ 2 + 1, x, 3, 5,

PlotStyle → DirectiveThick, Purple, Dashing0.08, 0.08

Syntax: " = Plot2 (x - 4) ^ 2 + 1, {x, 3, 5}, PlotStyle → Directive[Thick, Purple, Dashing[{0.08, 0.08}]]" is incomplete;
more input is needed.

How to remove axes

In[89]:=

Plot2 (x - 4) ^ 2 + 1, x, 3, 5, Axes → {False}

Out[89]=
16

In[90]:=

Plot2 (x - 4) ^ 2 + 1, x, 3, 5, Axes → False, True

Out[90]=

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

In[91]:=

Plot2 (x - 4) ^ 2 + 1, x, 3, 5, Axes → True, True

Out[91]=

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

 17

Frame command
In[92]:=

Plot2 (x - 4) ^ 2 + 1, x, 3, 5, Frame → True

Out[92]=

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

In[93]:=

Plot2 (x - 4) ^ 2 + 1, x, 3, 5, Frame → True, False

Out[93]=

3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

18

In[94]:=

Plot2 (x - 4) ^ 2 + 1, x, 3, 5, Frame → True, False, True, False

Out[94]=

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

How to place arrowheads on the axes

In[96]:=

PlotSin[x] ^ 2, x, 0, 2 Pi, AxesStyle → Arrowheads[0.05]

Out[96]=

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

1 2 3 4 5
 19

In[98]:=

Plotx ^ 2 - 1, x, - 5, 5, AxesStyle → Arrowheads- 0.05, 0.05

Out[98]=

20

15

10

-4 -2 2 4

Gridlines
In[99]:=

PlotSin[x] ^ 2, x, 0, 2 Pi, GridLines → Automatic

Out[99]=

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

1 2 3 4 5 6
20

In[100]:=

PlotSin[x] ^ 2, x, 0, 2 Pi, GridLines → Automatic ,

GridLinesStyle → DirectiveThin, Gray, Dashed

Out[100]=

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

1 2 3 4 5 6

In[101]:=

PlotSin[x] ^ 2, x, 0, 2 Pi,

GridLines → Range0, 2 Pi, Pi / 8, Range0, 1, 0.1, GridLinesStyle → Lighter[Gray]

Out[101]=

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

1 2 3 4 5 6
 21

In[104]:=

PlotSin[x] ^ 2, x, 0, 2 Pi, GridLines → Range0, 2 Pi, Pi / 8, Range0, 1, 0.1,

GridLinesStyle → Lighter[Gray], Ticks → Range0, 2 Pi, Pi / 2, Automatic

Out[104]=

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

π 3π
0 π 2π
2 2

In[105]:=

PlotSin[x] ^ 2, x, 0, 2 Pi, GridLines → Range0, 2 Pi, Pi / 8, Range0, 1, 0.1,

GridLinesStyle → Lighter[Gray], Ticks → Range0, 2 Pi, Pi / 8, Automatic

Out[105]=

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

π π 3π π 5π 3π 7π 9 π 5 π 11 π 3 π 13 π 7 π 15 π
0 π 2π
8 4 8 2 8 4 8 8 4 8 2 8 4 8
22

In[106]:=

PlotSin[x] ^ 2, x, 0, 2 Pi, GridLines → Range0, 2 Pi, Pi / 8, Range0, 1, 0.1,

GridLinesStyle → DirectiveThick, Red, Dashed,

Ticks → Range0, 2 Pi, Pi / 8, Automatic

Out[106]=

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

π π 3π π 5π 3π 7π 9 π 5 π 11 π 3 π 13 π 7 π 15 π
0 π 2π
8 4 8 2 8 4 8 8 4 8 2 8 4 8

How to add lables:-

In[107]:=

PlotSin[x] ^ 2, x, 0, 2 Pi, Ticks → 0, Pi, 2 Pi, 0, .5, 1,

AxesLabel → x, Sin[x] ^ 2, PlotLabel → Sin[x] ^ 2

Out[107]=

sin2 (x)
sin2 (x)

0.5

x
π 2π
 23

In[108]:=

PlotSin[x] ^ 2, x, 0, 2 Pi, Ticks → 0, Pi, 2 Pi, 0, .5, 1,

AxesLabel → x, Sin[x] ^ 2, PlotLabel → "y= (sin[x])^2"

Out[108]=

y= (sin[x])^2
sin2 (x)

0.5

x
π 2π

In[109]:=

p = PlotSin[x] ^ 2, x, 0, 2 Pi, Ticks → 0, Pi, 2 Pi, 0, .5, 1, AxesLabel → x, y;

Labeledp, Text"y= [sin(x)]^2", Right

Out[109]=
y

0.5
y= [sin(x)]^2

x
π 2π
24

Exclusions and vertical asymptotes:-

In[110]:=

Plot(x - 3) (x - 4)  (x - 2) (x - 5), x, 0, 7

Out[110]=

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

-2

-4

In[111]:=

Plot(x - 3) (x - 4)  (x - 2) (x - 5), x, 0, 7,

Exclusions → x ⩵ 2, x ⩵ 5, ExclusionsStyle → Dashed

Out[111]=

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

-2

-4
 25

In[113]:=

PlotTan[x], x, 0, 4 Pi, Exclusions → Cos[x] ⩵ 0,

ExclusionsStyle → DirectiveGreen, Dashed,

Ticks → Range0, 4 Pi, Pi / 2, Automatic

Out[113]=

π 3π 5π 7π
π 2π 3π 4π
-2 2 2 2 2

-4

-6

Exercise 3.3
1. Use the gridlines and Tricks options,as well as the setting gridlinesStyle-> lighter gray to produce the
following Plot of the sign function.
In[114]:=

PlotSin[x], x, - 2 Pi, 2 Pi, GridLines → Range- 2 Pi, 2 Pi, Pi / 4, Range- 1, 1, 0.2,

GridLinesStyle → Lighter[Gray],
Ticks → 0, Pi, 2 Pi, - Pi, 2 Pi, 0, 0.5, 1, - 0.5, 1
Out[114]=

0.5

-π π 2π

-0.5

2. Use the Axes, Frame ,or the above function to produce a graph mentioned in the book of reference
26

In[128]:=

PlotCos15 x  (1 + x ^ 2), {x, - 3.5, 3.5}, Axes → True, False,

Frame → True, False, True, False, Filling → Axis, PlotRange → Full,

FrameStyle → DirectiveGray, 9, AspectRatio → Automatic

Plot: Options expected (instead of Filling → Axis) beyond position 2 in

Cos15 x
Plot , {x, -3.5, 3.5}, Axes → {True, False}, Frame → {{True, False}, {True, False}}, Filling → Axis,
1 + x2
PlotRange → Full, FrameStyle → Directive[Gray, 9], AspectRatio → Automatic. An option must
be a rule or a list of rules.
Out[128]=

Cos15 x
Plot , {x, - 3.5, 3.5}, Axes → {True, False},
1 + x2
Frame → {{True, False}, {True, False}}, Filling → Axis, PlotRange → Full,
FrameStyle → Directive[Gray, 9], AspectRatio → Automatic

3. Plot the function referenced in the book

In[121]:=

Plotx ^ 2, x, - 2, 2, Exclusions → {x ⩵ 1}, ExclusionsStyle → DirectiveWhite, Dashed

Out[121]=

-2 -1 1 2
 27

Investigating Functions with Manipulations:-

In[129]:=

Manipulatex ^ 2, x, 1, 10

Out[129]=

In[130]:=

Manipulatex ^ 2, x, 0, 50, 5

Out[130]=

In[131]:=

ManipulatePlotx Sin[1 / x], x, 0, r, r, 0.1, 2

Out[131]=

0.05

0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10

-0.05

-0.10
28

In[132]:=

ManipulatePlotx Sin[1 / x], x, 0, r, r, 0.4, "Maximum value of x", 10 ^ (- 10), 2
Out[132]=

Maximum value of x

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2

-0.2
 29

In[134]:=

ManipulatePlotx Sin[x], x, - 10, 10,

PlotStyle → DirectiveThickness[t], Dashing[{d}], BlendRed, Blue, b,

t, .01, "Thickness ", .001, .02, d, 0.02, "dash size", 0, 0.04,

b, .5, "percent blue", 0, 1

Out[134]=

Thickness

dash size

percent blue

-10 -5 5 10

-2

-4

-6
30

In[135]:=

ManipulatePlota (x - b) ^ 2 + c, x, - 5, 5, PlotRange → 5, PlotLabel → "y=a(x-b)^2+c",

a, - 1, 1, {b, - 1}, - 3, 3, c, 2, - 2, 2

Out[135]=

y=a(x-b)^2+c

-4 -2 2 4

-2

-4
 31

In[136]:=

ManipulatePlota (x - b) ^ 2 + c, x, - 5, 5, PlotRange → - 5, 4,

PlotLabel → "y=a(x-b)^2+c", a, - 1, 1, {b, - 1}, - 3, 3, c, 2, - 2, 2
Out[136]=

y=a(x-b)^2+c
4

-4 -2 2 4

-2

-4
32

In[137]:=

ManipulatePlota (x - b) ^ 2 + c, x, - 5, 5, PlotRange → - 5, 4,

PlotLabel → "y=a(x-b)^2+c", a, - 1, 1, {b, - 1}, - 3, 3, c, 2, - 2, 2
Out[137]=

y=a(x-b)^2+c
4

-4 -2 2 4

-2

-4
 33

In[138]:=

ManipulatePlota (x - b) ^ 2 + c, x, - 5, 5, PlotRange → Full,

PlotLabel → "y=a(x-b)^2+c", a, - 1, 1, {b, - 1}, - 3, 3, c, 2, - 2, 2
Out[138]=

y=a(x-b)^2+c

-4 -2 2 4

-5

-10

-15

-20

-25

-30

-35
34

In[139]:=

ManipulatePlota (x - b) ^ 2 + c, x, - 5, 5, PlotRange → - 5, 4, - 2, 2,

PlotLabel → "y=a(x-b)^2+c", a, - 1, 1, {b, - 1}, - 3, 3, c, 2, - 2, 2
Out[139]=

y=a(x-b)^2+c
2

-4 -2 2 4

-1

-2
 35

In[140]:=

ManipulatePlota (x - b) ^ 2 + c, x, - 5, 5, PlotRange → - 6, 6, - 7, 7,

PlotLabel → "y=a(x-b)^2+c", a, - 1, 1, {b, - 1}, - 3, 3, c, 2, - 2, 2
Out[140]=

y=a(x-b)^2+c

-6 -4 -2 2 4 6

-2

-4

-6
36

In[142]:=

ManipulatePlotSin[4 / x], x, - 2 Pi, 2 Pi, PlotPoints → pp,

MaxRecursion → mr, Mesh → m, pp, 64, "plot points", 4, 8, 16, 32, 64,

mr, 4, "MaxRecursion ", 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, m, Full, "Mesh", Full, Al, None
Out[142]=

plot points 4 8 1 3 6
6 2 4
MaxRecursion 0 1 2 3 4

Mesh Full Al None

1.0

0.5

-6 -4 -2 2 4 6

-0.5

-1.0
 37

Settler Bar
In[143]:=

Manipulate

Plotf[x], x, 0, 4 Pi, Ticks → Range0, 4 Pi, Pi / 2, Automatic, PlotLabel → f[x],

f, Tan, "functions ", Cos, Sin, Sec, Csc, Tan, Cot, ControlType → SetterBar
Out[143]=

functions Cos Sin S C Tan Cot

e sc

tan(x)

π 3π 5π 7π
π 2π 3π 4π
-2 2 2 2 2

-4

-6
38

In[144]:=

ManipulatePlotx Sin[x], x, - 20, 20, AxesOrigin → pt, PlotRange → 20,

pt, 0, 0, "Move the axes: ", {- 20, - 20}, 20, 20, ControlPlacement → Left
Out[144]=

20

Move the axes:

10

-20 -10 10 20

-10

-20

In[145]:=

ManipulatePlotx Sin[x], x, - 20, 20, AxesOrigin → pt, PlotRange → 20,

pt, 0, 0, Locator

Out[145]=

20

10

-20 -10 10 20

-10

-20
 39

In[146]:=

ManipulatePlot(Sin[x])  x, x, 0, 20, PlotStyle → color, color, Blue

Out[146]=

color

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

5 10 15 20

-0.1

-0.2

Dynamic Style
In[147]:=

Animatex ^ 2, x, 1, 10

Out[147]=

85.2852
40

In[148]:=

AnimatePlotx Sin[1 / x], x, 0, r, r, 0.1, 2

Out[148]=

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8

-0.2

In[150]:=

OpenerView

Style"click the triangle ", "Text", Style"haha, you did it!", "Section "
Out[150]=

click the triangle

Out[149]=

click the triangle

In[151]:=

ListAnimate

Style"click the triangle ", "Text", Style"haha, you did it!", "Section "
Out[151]=

click the triangle

In[152]:=

FlipView

Style"click the triangle ", "Text", Style"haha, you did it!", "Section "
Out[152]=

click the triangle

 41

In[154]:=

SlideView

Style"click the triangle ", "Text", Style"haha, you did it!", "Section "
Out[154]=

 ◂ ▸ 
click the triangle

Out[153]=

 ◂ ▸ 
click the triangle

In[155]:=

TabView"sine" → PlotSin[x], x, 0, 2 Pi, "cosine" → PlotCos[x], x, 0, 2 Pi

Out[155]=

1 2

1.0
0.5
sine →
-0.5 1 2 3 4 5 6
-1.0

In[157]:=

MenuView"sine" → PlotSin[x], x, 0, 2 Pi, "cosine" → PlotCos[x], x, 0, 2 Pi,

ImageSize → Automatic 0
Out[157]=

0
Out[156]=

Exercise 3.4
1. The following simple Manipulate has two
sliders : one for x and one for y. Make a Manipulate that also has output {x, y},
but that has a single Slider2D controller.
42

In[159]:=

ManipulatePlotx, y, x, 0, 1, AxesOrigin → pt, PlotRange → 0, 1,

pt, 0, 0, "Move the axes: ", 0, 0, 1, 1, ControlPlacement → Left
Out[159]=

1.0

Move the axes:

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

Out[158]=

1.0

Move the axes:

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

 43

In[161]:=

ManipulatePlotx, y, x, 0, 1, AxesOrigin → pt, PlotRange → 0, 1,

pt, 0, 0, Locator

Out[161]=

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

Out[160]=

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

2. Make a Manipulate of a Plot where the user can adjust the AspectRatio in real time,
from a starting value of 1  5 five times as wide as it is tall to

an ending value of 5 five times as tall as it is wide. Set ImageSize

to Automatic, 128 so the height remains constant as the slider is moved.

44

In[164]:=

ManipulatePlotSin[x], x, - 2 Pi, 2 Pi, AspectRatio → ar,

PlotRange → - 2 Pi, 2 Pi, ImageSize → Automatic , 128,

ar, 1 / 5, "Adjust the aspect ratio", 1 / 5, 5, ControlPlacement → Left

Out[164]=

Adjust the aspect ratio

-6 -4 -2

◼ 3.5 Producing a Table of values

In[165]:=

f[x_] := x ^ 2
Tablef[x], x, 1, 10
Out[166]=

{1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100}

In[168]:=

Tablef[x], x, 10

Out[168]=

{1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100}

Out[167]=

{1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100}

In[169]:=

Tablef[x], 10
Out[169]=

{1849, 4225, 3249, 9025, 5625, 5776, 1, 8281, 1849, 1024}

In[170]:=

Tablef[x], x, 1, 10, 2

Out[170]=

{1, 9, 25, 49, 81}

In[171]:=

Tablef[x], x, 1, 7, 12, 20

Out[171]=

{1, 49, 144, 400}

 45

In[172]:=

data = Tablex, f[x], x, 10

Out[172]=

{{1, 1}, {2, 4}, {3, 9}, {4, 16}, {5, 25}, {6, 36}, {7, 49}, {8, 64}, {9, 81}, {10, 100}}

In[176]:=

Grid[data]
Out[176]=
1 1
2 4
3 9
4 16
5 25
6 36
7 49
8 64
9 81
10 100
Out[173]=
1 1
2 4
3 9
4 16
5 25
6 36
7 49
8 64
9 81
10 100

In[179]:=

Text @ Grid[data, Alignment → Right]

Out[179]=

1 1
2 4
3 9
4 16
5 25
6 36
7 49
8 64
9 81
10 100

In[175]:=

tablecontents = Prependdata, "x", "x^2"

Out[175]=

{{x, x^2}, {1, 1}, {2, 4}, {3, 9}, {4, 16}, {5, 25}, {6, 36}, {7, 49}, {8, 64}, {9, 81}, {10, 100}}
46

In[177]:=

Grid[tablecontents]
Out[177]=
x x^2
1 1
2 4
3 9
4 16
5 25
6 36
7 49
8 64
9 81
10 100

In[182]:=

Text @ Gridtablecontents, Alignment → Right,

Dividers → Center, False, True, Spacings → 2

Out[182]=

Grid[{{x, x^2}, {1, 1}, {2, 4}, {3, 9}, {4, 16}, {5, 25}, {6, 36}, {7, 49}, {8, 64}, {9, 81}, {10, 100}},
Alignment → Right, Dividers → {Center, {False, True}}, Spacings → 2]

Text @ Gridtablecontents, Alignment → Right,

Dividers → Right, False, True, Spacings → 2

Out[183]=

x x^2
1 1
2 4
3 9
4 16
5 25
6 36
7 49
8 64
9 81
10 100

In[7]:= Text @ Grid[tablecontents, Alignment → Right,

Dividers → {Right, {False, True}}, Spacings → 2]
Out[7]=

Grid[tablecontents, Alignment → Right, Dividers → {Right, {False, True}}, Spacings → 2]

 47

In[53]:=

Text @ Gridtablecontents , Alignment → Right,

Dividers → Right, False, True, Spacings → 2

Out[55]=

Grid[tablecontents, Alignment → Right, Dividers → {Right, {False, True}}, Spacings → 2]

Out[54]=

Grid[tablecontents, Alignment → Right, Dividers → {Right, {False, True}}, Spacings → 2]

Out[53]=

Grid[tablecontents, Alignment → Right, Dividers → {Right, {False, True}}, Spacings → 2]

Out[52]=

Grid[tablecontents, Alignment → Right, Dividers → {Right, {False, True}}, Spacings → 2]

In[8]:= Text @ Gridtablecontents , Alignment → Right,

Dividers → Center, True, True, True, Spacings → 3

Out[8]=

Grid[tablecontents, Alignment → Right, Dividers → {Center, {True, True, True}}, Spacings → 3]

In[13]:=

Text @ Grid[tablecontents, Alignment → Right, Dividers → All, Spacings → 2]

Out[13]=

Grid[tablecontents, Alignment → Right, Dividers → All, Spacings → 2]

In[20]:=

Text @ Griddata, Alignment → Right, Dividers → All, Spacings → 2

Out[20]=

Grid[{{1, f[1]}, {10, f[10]}, {100, f[100]}, {1000, f[1000]}, {10 000, f[10 000]}, {100 000, f[100 000]}},
Alignment → Right, Dividers → All, Spacings → 2]

In[56]:=

Text @ Griddata, Alignment → Right, Dividers → All, Spacings → 2

Out[56]=

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75
81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95

REFRENCE :-
48

Torrence and Torrenc