Question Bank for the Units – I & II

EC8651- Transmissions Lines and RF Systems

Part-A

1. A transmission line with a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms is connected to 100 ohms resistive
load. Calculate the voltage reflection coefficient at the load.

2. List the parameters of transmission line.

3. A transmission line with a characteristic impedance of 400 ohms is connected to 800 ohms
resistive load. Calculate the voltage reflection coefficient at the load and standing wave ratio.

4. Define Propagation Constant.

5. What is Characteristic impedance?

6. Define wavelength and velocity of propagation.

7. What is an infinite line?

8. What are the primary and secondary constants of a transmission line?

9. Write down the expressions for Z0 , , ,  of an unloaded underground cable or telephone cable

10. What are different types of transmission lines.

11. Define Delay distortion.

12. List the types of waveform distortion?

13. Define Delay distortion. How it is phase avoided in the line

14. What is meant by frequency distortion? How is frequency distortion avoided in the line?

15. What is a distortion less line? What is the condition for a distortion less line?

16. A line has characteristic impedance of 600 Ω and is terminated in load impedance (75 + j75) Ω.
Determine the reflection co-efficient.

17. What is the significance of reflection coefficient?

18. A line has characteristic impedance of 50 Ω and is terminated in load impedance (75 + j75) Ω.
Determine the reflection co-efficient.

19. Define reflection coefficient. Write the value of reflection coefficient for the following loads. a) Open
circuit b) short circuit c) matched load.

20. Find the reflection co-efficient of a 50 ohms transmission line when it is terminated by a load
impedance of (60 + j40) Ω.

21. What do you mean by loading of line?

22. What are the two methods of loading?

24. What are the advantages and disadvantages of continuous loading?

25. A transmission line has ZO=745∟12° and is terminated in ZR=100Ω.Calculate the reflection loss
in dB?

26. State the assumptions made for the analysis of the performance of the line at high frequencies.

27. Write the expressions for L and C of a open wire line at high frequencies.

28. Write the expressions for L and C of a coaxial line at high frequencies.

29. For the line of zero dissipation, what will be the values of phase constant and velocity of propagation.

30. Give the equations for the characteristic impedance and propagation constant of a dissipation less line.

31. A lossless line has a shunt capacitance of 69 pF and a series inductance of 0.387μH. Calculate the
characteristic impedance.

32. Write the equation for reflection coefficient in terms of maximum and minimum voltages.

33. What are standing waves?

34. Define node & antinodes.

35. Define a smooth line.

36. Find the standing wave ratio of a line have characteristic impedance of 50 Ω and is terminated in load
impedance (100-j100) Ω

37. Define Standing wave ratio.

38. A lossless line has a characteristic impedance of 500 ohms. Determine standing wave ratio if the
receiving end impedance is 900 +j 0.0 ohms.

39. Find the standing wave ratio of a line have characteristic impedance of 75 Ω and is terminated in load
impedance (115-j100) Ω

40. If the reflection coefficient is 0.55∟-153.6°,Calculate standing wave ratio S.

41. Give the minimum and maximum value of SWR and reflection coefficient.

42. Write expression for maximum and minimum input impedance of a dissipation less line.

43. Find the maximum and minimum input impedances of a line with characteristic impedance of
100 ohms and Standing wave ratio S is 3.

44. A lossless line has a shunt capacitance of 95 pF and a series inductance of 0.426μH. Calculate the
velocity of propagation.

45. Find the maximum and minimum input impedances of a line with characteristic impedance of
100 ohms and Standing wave ratio S is 3.

46. Write the equation for power on a dissipation less line

48. A lossless line has a standing wave ratio of 4.The R 0 is 60 ohms and the maximum voltage measured on
the line is 75V.Find the power being delivered to the load

49. Draw the characteristic curve of Short circuit impedance of dissipation less transmission line

50. Draw the characteristic curves of open circuited impedance of dissipation less line

Part – B

1. Derive the expression for voltage and current at any point on a transmission line. (13)

2. Derive general solution of the transmission line. (13)

3. Derive the transmission line equation and hence obtain expression for voltage and current on a
transmission line. (13)

4. Discuss the general solution of a transmission line in detail. (13)

5. Derive the general transmission line equations for voltage and current at any point on a line. (13)

6. (i) Explain about an infinite line. (4)

7. (i)What is a loading? Specify the types of loading of lines. (7)

8. Discuss the relationship between Primary and Secondary constants of wavelength and velocity of
propagation. (13)

9. What is the need for loading? Derive the propagation constant of a continuously loaded line. (13)

10. Explain in detail continuous loading and Lumped loading with advantages and disadvantages. (13).

11. Explain waveform distortion and derive the condition for distortion less transmission line. Also
derive characteristic impedance and propagation constant for distortion less transmission
line(13)

12. Explain in detail about waveform distortion and also derive the condition for distortion less
transmission line. (13)

13. Explain in detail about the waveform distortion and derive the condition for distortion less line.
(13)

14. Deduce the expression for input and transfer impedance of transmission line. (13)

15. Derive the input and transfer impedance in terms of Z0 and K. (13)

16. (i)The characteristic impedance of a certain transmission line is 682.5-j195.7 ohm. The frequency of
operation is 1 KHz. At this frequency, the attenuation constant in the line was observed to be 0.01
Nepers/km and phase constant 0.035 radians /km. Predict the line constants R, L, G and C per km of the
 line. (8)
(ii) )Deduce the expression for open and short circuited lines. (5)

17. (i)An open wire line having R=10.15 ohm/km, L = 3.93 mH/km, G=0.29 μmho/km and C=0.00797
μF/km is 100 km long and terminated in Z0. Solve Z0, α, β and γ. (7)
(ii)Derive the expression for open and short circuited lines. (6)

18. Explain in detail about open and short circuited line for a transmission line. (13)

19. (i) An open wire line having R=12.15 ohm/km, L = 3.93 mH/km, G=0.27 μmho/km and C=0.00687
μF/km is 200 km long and terminated in Z0. Solve Z0, α, β and γ. (6)
(ii) Discuss in detail about the open and short circuited lines. (7)

20. (i) A 2 meter long transmission line with characteristic impedance of 60+j40 is operating at ω=106
rad/sec has attenuation constant of 0.921 Np/m and phase shift constant of 0 rad/m the line is terminated
by a load of 20+j50, find the input impedance of this line. (7)
(ii)Simplify the expression for open and short circuited lines. (6)

21. Deduce the expression for parameters of open wire line and coaxial cable at high frequency radio
wave. (13)

22. Derive the various parameters of open wire line and coaxial cable at high frequency radio wave.
(13)

23. Discuss the various parameters of open wire line and coaxial cable at radio frequency. (13)

24. Explain various parameters of an open wire line at high frequencies. (13)

25. Explain the parameters of open wire line and coaxial cable at RF. Mention standard assumptions
made for radio frequency line. (13)

26. Derive an expression for the input impedance of the dissipation less line. and Deduce the input
impedance of open and short circuited dissipation less lines. (13)

27. Discuss in detail about the input impedance of a high frequency line and the variation of input
impedance along the open and short circuited lines with relevant graphs. (13)

28. (i)Derive the input impedance of open and short circuited dissipation less lines with relevant graphs. (8)
(ii) Deduce the relationship between SWR and Reflection coefficient. (5)

29. Define standing wave ratio. Obtain the relationship between SWR and Reflection Coefficient. (13)

30. (i)Deduce the input impedance of open and short circuited dissipation less lines with relevant graphs.
(8)
(ii) Derive the relationship between SWR and Reflection coefficient. (5)

31. Derive the expressions for voltage and current at any point on the radio frequency dissipation less
line and draw the incident and reflected voltage wave for the successive instants of time. (13)

32. Discuss and derive the Voltage and Current in the dissipation less line with various conditions.
(13)

33. Enumerate the voltage and current equation on a dissipation less line when the line is open circuited
 and short circuited. (13)

34. Explain and derive the relation for Voltage and Current on dissipation less line. (13)

35. Deduce Voltage and Current on dissipation less line with various conditions. (13)

36. Explain the concept of standing wave with appropriate diagram for a high frequency line terminated
with an impedance not equal to the characteristic impedance of the line. (13)

37. Describe how the VSWR and wavelength are measured over a transmission line. (13)

38. Derive the standing wave ratio in terms of the Maxima and minima voltage over a high frequency line.
(13)

39. (i)Calculate the voltage reflection coefficient and the standing wave ratio for a low loss transmission
line with a characteristic impedance of 100Ω and terminated with a load of 200Ω. (7)
(ii)Solve for the standing wave ratio and reflection coefficient on a dissipation less line having Z0=300
Ω and terminating impedance of ZR=300+j400 Ω. (6)

40. (i)Sketch the impedance curve for a radio frequency line for the following terminations:
(a) Open circuited load (b) Short circuited load (c) matched load (7)
(ii)In a dissipation less line verify whether the reflection coefficient on a line is equal to[|Emax| - |
Emin|] / [|Emax| +|Emin|]. (6)

41. (i)How an infinite line equal to finite line, when it is terminated in its characteristic impedance.
(6)
(ii)The characteristics impedance of a 805m-long transmission line is 94 angle -23.2 ⁰Ω, the
attenuation constant is 74.5×10ˉ⁶ Np/m. and the phase shift constant is 174×10ˉ⁶ rad/m at 5KHz.
Assess the line parameters R,L,G and C per meter and the phase velocity on the line. (7)

42. The constants of a transmission line are R= 6Ω/km, L=2.2mH/km, C=0.005×10ˉ⁶F/km and
G=0.25×10ˉ⁶ mho/km. calculate at the frequency of 800 HZ, Design
(a) The terminating impedance for which no reflection will be setup in the line. (6)
(b) The attenuation in dB suffered by the signal after travelling 50Km when the line is properly
terminated and the phase velocity with which the signal would travel. (7)

43. The constants of a transmission line are R= 8Ω/km, L=4.2mH/km, C=0.006×10ˉ⁶F/km and
G=0.28×10ˉ⁶ mho/km. calculate at the frequency of 600 HZ, Design
(a) The terminating impedance for which no reflection will be setup in the line. (6)
(b) The attenuation in dB suffered by the signal after travelling 40Km when the line is properly
terminated and the phase velocity with which the signal would travel. (7)

44. The Open circuited and short circuited measurements at a frequency of 7KHz on a line of length
100km yielded the following results: Zoc = 370 ∠ -480 ohm, Zsc = 620∠ 340 ohm. Evaluate Zo , α,
β and primary constants, given that the approximate velocity of propagation to be 1.6*106
km/sec. (13)

45. The Open circuited and short circuited measurements at a frequency of 5KHz on a line of length
200km yielded the following results: Zoc = 570 ∠ -480 ohm, Zsc = 720 ∠ 340 ohm. Evaluate Zo ,
α, β and primary constants, given that the approximate velocity of propagation to be 1.8 *106
km/sec. (13)

46. Derive the expression for the power flow in a high frequency lie in a current loop and in voltage loop.
 (13)

47. Discuss briefly Power and Impedance measurements on high frequency transmission lines. (13)

48. Analyze the Power and Impedance measurement on high frequency transmission lines. (13)

49. Discuss measurement of Power and Impedance measurement on lines using voltage and current on
dissipation less line. (13)

50. Enumerate the power and impedance measurement on transmission lines. Also find the measurement of
unknown load impedance. (13)

Part – C

51. A generator of 1 volt, 1000 cycles, and supplies power to a 100 mile open wire line terminated in
200 ohms resistance. The line parameters are R=10.4 ohms/ mile, L=0.00367henry/mile, G =
0.8×10-6mho/mile, C = 0.00835 µf/mile. Calculate Characteristic Impedance, Propagation
constant, Reflection coefficient, Input Impedance, Wave length, Velocity of propagation. (15)

52. A generator of 2 volt, 2KHz, supplies power to a 100 km open wire line terminated in Z o. The line
parameters are R=10.4 ohms/ km, L=0.00367henry/ km, G=0.8×10 -6mho/ km, C=0.00835 µf/ km.
Calculate Characteristic Impedance, Propagation constant, attenuation constant, Phase constant,
voltage and power. (15)

53. A generator of 1 volt, 1KHz, supplies power to a 100 km open wire line terminated in Z o. The line
parameters are R=10.4 ohms/ km, L=0.00367henry/ km, G=0.8×10 -6mho/ km, C=0.00835 µf/ km.
Calculate Characteristic Impedance, Propagation constant, attenuation constant, Phase constant,
voltage and power. (15)

54. (i) The characteristic impedance of a uniform transmission line is 2309.6 ohms at a frequency of
800 MHz At this frequency the propagation constant is 0.054 (0.036+j0.99). Find R, L, G and C
(7)
(ii) An open wire transmission line has R=10 Ω/km, L=0.04 H/km, C=0.008 x 10 -6 F/km and
G=0.4x10-6 /km. Determine its Z0, α and β at 1 KHz (8)

55. An air filled Co-axial line of copper is to have a capacitance of 22pF per meter. The inner
conductor has a diameter of 0.1cm. (a) Calculate the inductance of the line (b) Find the inner
radius of the outer conductor (c) What is the characteristic impedance of the line (d) Find the
phase constant and wavelength at a frequency of 25MHz neglecting dissipation.
(15)

56. A 50m long lossless transmission line with Z0=70 operating at 5MHz is terminated with a load ZL= (40+j60).
If =0.8m/s, find
i. Reflection coefficient (5)
ii. Standing wave ratio (5)
iii. Input Impedance(5)

57. (i) An open wire line is 400 km long is correctly terminated. The generator at the sending end has Es =
12 V, f = 5 KHz and an internal impedance of 600 ohm. At that frequency Zo=783-j238 and γ=
0.0084+j0.0256 per km. Measure the sending and receiving end voltage, current and power. (10)
(ii)A radio frequency line with Z0=80 ohms is terminated by ZL=115-j80Ω at λ=2m. Find the VSWR
and the maximum and minimum line impedances. (5)
58. A coaxial line is made of copper. The inner conductor has a of radius 2mm, the outer conductor has
inner radius of 8mm and has a thickness of 1mm.The space between the conductors is filled with a
dielectric material of relative permittivity of 4.If the frequency of the signal is 150KHz, Calculate the
following per unit length of the line Inductance, Capacitance, DC resistance given that conductivity of
copper is 5.75×107mho/m and ac resistance. (15)

59. A 30m long lossless transmission line with Z0=50 operating at 2MHz is terminated with a load ZL= (60+j40).
If =0.6m/s, find
(i) Reflection coefficient (5)
(ii)Standing wave ratio (5)
(iii)Input Impedance (5)

60. (i) An open wire line is 200 km long is correctly terminated. The generator at the sending end has Es =
10 V, f = 1 KHz and internal impedance of 500 ohm. At that frequency Zo=683-j138 and γ=
0.0074+j0.0356 per km. Measure the sending and receiving end voltage, current and power. (10)
(ii)A radio frequency line with Z0=70 ohms is terminated by ZL=115-j80Ω at λ=2.5m. Find the VSWR
and the maximum and minimum line impedances. (5)