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Context Information Systems

This document provides an overview of systems analysis and design methods. It discusses key concepts including: 1. The components of an information system including people, data, processes, and technology that work together to support an organization. 2. The different types of information systems such as transaction processing, management information, decision support, and expert systems. 3. The various players involved in information systems including systems owners, users, designers, builders, analysts, and project managers. 4. Factors that drive information systems development including globalization, electronic commerce, and new technologies.

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masrul indrayana
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40 views23 pages

Context Information Systems

This document provides an overview of systems analysis and design methods. It discusses key concepts including: 1. The components of an information system including people, data, processes, and technology that work together to support an organization. 2. The different types of information systems such as transaction processing, management information, decision support, and expert systems. 3. The various players involved in information systems including systems owners, users, designers, builders, analysts, and project managers. 4. Factors that drive information systems development including globalization, electronic commerce, and new technologies.

Uploaded by

masrul indrayana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The Context of Systems Analysis

and Design Methode


Masrul Indrayana
Framework
• A system is a group of interrelated components that
function together to achieve a desired result
• An information system is an arrangement of people,
data, processes, and information technology that
interact to collect, process, store, and provide as
output the information needed to supprot an
organization
• Information technology is a contemprary term that
describes the combination of computer technology
(hardware and software) with telecommunications
technology (data, image, and voice networks).
Information Systems
According to the function they serve classified:
1. Transaction Processing System (TPSs): such as orders, time cards, payments and
reservations
2. Management Information Systems (MISs): use transaction data to produce
information needed by managers to run the business
3. Decision Support Systems (DSSs): help various decision makers identify and
choose between options or decisions
4. Executive Information Systems (EISs): tailored to the unique inforamtion needs
of executives who plan for the business and assess performance against those
plans
5. Expert Systems (Ess): capture and reproduce the knowledge of an expert
problem solver or decision maker and then simulate the “thinking” of that
expert
6. Communication and Collaboration Systems (CCSs): enhance communication and
collaboration between people, both internal and external to the organization
7. Office Automation Systems (OASs): help employees create and share documents
that support day-to-day office activities
Informa
tion
Systems
Can be viewed
from
perspectives:
1. The players
2. The
Business
Drivers
3. The
Technolgy
Drivers
4. The Process
Used
The
Player –
Informati
on
Workers
Systems Owner (SO)
• Concerned with cost and benefits of the
systems
• There will be one or more SO
• Usually come from the ranks of management
• Medium-Large IS: middle or executive
managers
• Smaller IS: middle or supervisor
Systems Users (SU)
• The vast majority of the information worker in IS
• Less concerned with cost and benefits of the systems
• Class SU:
– Internal SU:
• clerical and services workers; perform day-to-day transaction
• Technical and professional staff (knowledge worker),
• Supervisor, middle managers and executive managers,
– External SU:
• Customers
• Suppliers
• Partners
• employees
Systems Designers (SD)
• Technology specialist for IS
• Information technology choices and design of
systems that use chosen technologies
• Technical specialities as SD:
– Database Administrators
– Networks Architects
– Web Architects
– Graphic Artists
– Security Experts
– Techonlogy Specialists
Systems Builders (SB)
• Construct the system according to the system designers
specification
• In small organization or smal IS, SD and SB are often
the same people
• Technical specialities as SB:
– Applications Programmers
– Systems Programmers
– Database Programmers
– Networks Administrators
– Security Administrators
– Webmasters
– Software Integrators
Systems Analysts (SA)
“As
facilitator”

Systems
consultant,
business
analyst,
system
architect,
system
engineer,
information
engineer,
information
analyst and
systems
integrator
The Role SA
• Understand business and computing
• Initiate change within organization
• Problem solvers
• Fascinating and exciting challenge to many
individual
Skilss Needed by SA
• Systems Thinking
• The right tool for the right job!
• Develop or possess other skills or knowledge:
– Working knowledge of information technologies
– Computer programming experience and expertise
– General knwoledge of business process and terminology
– General problem solving skills
– Good interpersonal communication skills
– Good interpersonal relations skills
– Flexibility and adaptability
– Character and ethics
The Project Manager (PM)
• Teams require leadership
• To ensure that systems are develop on time,
within budget and with acceptable quality
• PM is a specialized role that requires
distinctive and experience
The Business Drivers
Globalization Economy
• Global competition
• Information systems and computer
applications mus be internationalized
• Require information consolidation
• Demand for “players” speak different
languages
Electronic Commerce and Business
• Three basic types:
– Marketing
– Business to Consumer (B2C)
– Business to Business (B2B)

• Minimize time-consuming and costly paper


flow and bureaucracy
The Technology Drivers
Entreprise Application
The System Development Process
• Vary greatly for different organizations
• Common characteristic follows a problem solving
approach:
– Identify the problem
– Analyze and understand the problem
– Identify solution requirements and expectations
– Identify alternative solutions and choose the best
course of action
– Design the chosen solution
– Implement the chosen solution
– Evaluate the results
Simplified
The
Pro
cess

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