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Problem Formulas

This document outlines two methods for calculating the volumetric and mass proportions of materials needed for concrete mixtures: 1. Solution by volume calculates the volume of cement, sand, gravel, and water needed based on the volume per bag of cement and specified material ratios. 2. Solution by mass calculates the mass of each material based on density, volume per bag of cement, and material ratios. It then calculates the total mass and volume of concrete per bag. The number of cement bags and volumes of each material can then be determined based on the total concrete needs.

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Miguel Alfonso Palma
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14 views3 pages

Problem Formulas

This document outlines two methods for calculating the volumetric and mass proportions of materials needed for concrete mixtures: 1. Solution by volume calculates the volume of cement, sand, gravel, and water needed based on the volume per bag of cement and specified material ratios. 2. Solution by mass calculates the mass of each material based on density, volume per bag of cement, and material ratios. It then calculates the total mass and volume of concrete per bag. The number of cement bags and volumes of each material can then be determined based on the total concrete needs.

Uploaded by

Miguel Alfonso Palma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Ratio

Mixture Class Proportion


Class AA 1:1½:3
Class A 1:2:4
Class B 1:2½:5
Class C 1:3:6

I. Solution by Volume

Mass
Volume per bag of cement =
Density

density of cement ( volume per bag of cement )(ratio of cement )


Volume of Cement=
specific gravity of cement (unit weight of water )

density of sand (volume per bag of cement)(ratio of sand )


Volume of Sand=
specific gravity of sand (unit weight of water )

density of gravel (volume per bag of cement )(ratio of gravel)


Volume of Gravel=
specific gravity of gravel(unit weight of water )

3
Water =26 liters=0.026 m

Volume of concrete per bag=cement + sand + gravel+ water

Volume of voids of 3.21 %=100 %−3.21 %=1−0.0321=0.9679

Total volume of concrete per bag=volume of concrete per bag( volume of voids)
total cubic meter of concrete needed
No . of bags of cement needed=
total volume of concrete per bag

Volume of sand needed for the mixture:


no . of bags of cement (ratio of sand)( volume of cement )

Volume of gravel needed for the mixture :


no . of bags of cement (ratio of gravel)(volume of cement )
Volume of water needed for the mixture=no . of bags of cement ( ratio of water )

II. Solution by Mass

Mass
Volume per bag of cement =
Density

Mass of Cement=density of cement (volume per bag of cement )(Ratio of cement )

Mass of Sand=density of sand ( volume per bag of cement)( Ratio of sand )

Mass of Gravel=density of gravel (volume per bag of cement )(ratio of gravel)

Mass of Water=26 liters=26 kg

Total mass of conrete per bag=cement +sand + gravel+ water

Density of concrete =2400 kg/m3

Total mass
Total volume of concrete per bag=
Density of concrete
total cubic meter of concrete needed
No . of bags of cement needed=
total volume of concrete per bag

Volume of sand needed for the mixture:

Mass of sand Volume of conrete


×
Total volume of concrete per bag Density of sand

Volume of gravel needed for the mixture :

Mass of gravel Volume of conrete


×
Total volume of concrete per bag Density of gravel

Volume of water needed for the mixture=no . of bags of cement ( ratio of water )

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