11 Rajah 9 menunjukkan susunan radas yang digunakan untuk menyiasattindak bala litium,natrium dan logam Y terhadap oksigen. Diagram 9 shows the set-up used to determine the reactivity of lithium, sodium and metal Y with oxygen. e —— Suda balang ps Gas or spoon Baling taca Glas jor —{ obsigen 0, im htm —, Rajah Diagram 9 Logam Pemérhatian Metal Observation Litium [Membakar denganpnyalaan merah secara perlahan, baki putih Lithium | terhasil. Natrium | Membakar dengan nyalaan kuning secara cergas, baki putih ter- Sodium | hasil. Logam Y |Membakar dengan nyalaan ungu secara sangat cergas, baki pu- Metal Yy)tititerhasil. en dua? Table2 @ @\ Uitine, natrium dan logam Y merupakan logam dalam kumpulan yang sama. ‘Kenal pasti logam Y dan kumpulan dalam Jadual Berkala Unsur, Lithium, sodium and metal Y are metals in the same group. Identify metal Y and the group in Periodic Table of Elements. Metal Y = potassium "ametl Arolnp tumber = Qrouip |(i) Nyatakan perubahan sifatfizk logam-logam menuruni kumpulan tersebut berdasarkan asp, 3k berikut: ‘Stee the changes in physical properties of metals down the group based onthe following aspect * Ieariatom erences Atomic radius * Takat lebur dan takat didih decreases ‘Melting point and boiling point * Kekerasan Hardness SOCKEASS * Ketumpatan }, Daa (erenges [4 markah) (4 marks) (®) Tulis persamaan kimia bagi litium, natrium dan logam Y dengan oksigen. Write the chemical equations for the reaction of lithium, sodium and metal Y with oxygen. 1B markah] [3 marks} (©) Baki putih yang terhasil dalam penyiasatan larut dalam air dan membentuk suatu larutan. Huraikan satu ujian kimia untuk menguji sifat kimia larutan tersebui. The white residues produced in the investigation dissolve in water andl form certain solutions. Describe one chemical test to examine the chemical property of the solutions. [3 markahy [3 marks} (@ (i) Susun kereaktifan logam Y, litium dan natfium dengan oksigen mengikut tertib menaik. Arrange the reactivity of metal Y, lithium and Sodium with oxygen gas in an ascending order. {0 markah} [1 mark] Gi) Terangkan mengapa litium dan natrium dalam kumpulan yang sama mempunyai kereaktifan tindak balas yang berbeza/ Explain why lithiumtand sodium in the same group have different reactivity. [4 markah} [4 marks} (ii) Nyatakan cara pényimpanan litium, natrium dan logam Y, State the storage method of lithium, sodium and metal Y. [1 markah) U1 mark}Cb) ALi + Os. —S2Lis ANQ + OQ. —> 2NA2O 4Y + Or M0 CC) putarres tctinns paper into the sample svlixkion Rod litmus payer turns blue ne solution is alkati/ alkane cary Li, NOY Re > CLAD Promic Size of (Na. is Lagaprpagaer than Li \alence tiectron in ther Away from UCLEAS Quelear EN NUClens ard Valene tes {Sangater in NA donate| release one valence T My a ei paratfin oil ve[SPM11-03] Diagram 3 shows the symbols of the atoms of elements U, V and W. ‘The letters used are not the actual symbols of the elements. Rajah 3 menunjukkan simbol atom bagi unsur-unsur U, V dan W. Huruf yang digunakan bukan simbol sebenar bagi unsur-unsur itu au “V “Ww 3 11 16 Diagram 3 / Rajah 3 (a). U and V are Group 1 elements in the Periodic Table. U dan V adalah unsur kumpulan 1 dalam Jadual Berkala. (i). State the number of valence electrons in the atoms of element U Nyatakan bilangan elektron valens dalam atom bagi unsur U [1M] (ii) What is the physical state of U at room conditions? Apakah keadaan fizikal U pada keadaan bilik? : Solid. .. [IM] (b) Going down Group 1, the reactivity of thé@lements increases. U and V react with water to produce metal hydroxide solutionfand hydrogen gas. Menuruni Kumpulan 1, kereaktifan unsur bertambah. U dan V bertindak balas dengan air untuk menghasilkan larutanlogam hidroksida dan gas hidrogen. (i. Which element, U or V, reactsamorewigorously with water? Antara unsur U dan V, manakah yang bertindak balas lebih cergas dengan air? .. [IM] (ii) Based on the answer in}3(bj(i), write the chemical equation for the reaction. berdasarkan jawap@n di:3(b)(i), tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas itu D/A? AON () (i) Write the @tectron arrangement for the atoms of element W. Tulis,susunan elektron bagi atom unsur W. (ii) Identify the period for the atoms of element W. Kenal pasti kala bagi atom unsur W. ga 3 (iii) Give one reason for the answer in 3(c)(ii). Beri satu sebab bagi jawapan di 3(c}(ii) WWas.2 shells occupied | filled with, electrons [2M] .. [1M] .. [IM] .. [1M][SPM2021-V2-04] Rajah 3 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi tindak balas unsur X dengan gas oksigen. X berada dalam Kumpulan 1 Jadual Berkala Unsur. Diagram 3 shows the apparatus set-up for the reaction of element X with oxygen gas. X is in Group 1 in the Periodic Table of Elements. { e Gas, O: yas Balang Gas Unsur X Gas jar Element X Berdasarkan Rajah A on Diagram 3, (a). Nyatak: Sy Kumpulan 1. Alkali. etal State the ~ mup 1. NY di bawah X dalam Kumpulan 1 dan lebih reaktif X. Terangkan mengapa. located below X in Group 1 and it is more reactive compare to Anan X.. Nabence, electron is further “Dwow-from nlcleis ink: Nuc attraction between Dysteus ine - i i) Talis 2X aK Gan \Ose/ tindak [ce ned one LENCE. Mure Casily Write the chemical equation for the reaction involved in Diagram 3. [2M]ei It O group \F elevents also Knol as halogens (2) Tn sem, we ast Neodtor-focus onthe first 4 Qeynemrts iM group 1A Element Fluorine Sym | Eltron Ranger FE Zt Cahorwne Z¥-# owe REF Modine ZS -1¥- 18-4 A Wlavour 1 elements corctain + valeme electrons(3) Qrauptt ishe only QVoup witle daFforent Colours and we oa group | \ Ku Bg rae colourless Soi gas NVQ down ars " PY F wo yellow gas edldur og AOKEEK Cl greenish yellow gas GAs >Hopik VSO" Br Brown liquid T_ purplish black solid(4) Qyrouy 1+ rlemunts Olwaus exist as Giortomic MoleChes (Molecule made ef 2 artoms) Exompe Tips: Fe ,Cle, Aart \monoatomic Siatomic Cl holdgeis Mae (Ow Wetting & boiling pointBepuiae sem BURSON Wty alorens Wave low Metin port crnd boiling Pott ? olen) (Halogen \eaK \lan dor waals £OrCe OF Wer oleCar ore WAIsagn Mdecuies ON orttracted by Weak Von dor waa] intermolecular fOrce Little Nat 1S eadad | required to Miorcave Lorca of attfaction.ido-wotes: Th explain aloaxt waking] boiling Pot , OUT AMSWeT WMUSt torlk clogoet : Foret attraction = Yowrmtuch heat energy — Name ANGLIS NANA +0 ~ Strengts Dvercowe-forca of Octtraction ‘Tips: TN Spi? FOCUS On OUP | 1 1418 only Quip = metal Fore of ocdwraction = Metallic bond group AAS = NoMetal Fore of attraction = Von dor waals Fof@ | intermolecular Spree,¥ [PENANG SET 1 2022-08] Ciri manakah yang betul tentang unsur-tnsut dalam Kumpulan 17 dalam Jadual Berkaia apabila menuruni kumpulan? Which characteristic is correct about elements in Group 17 in the Periodic ‘Table as going down the group? A Keamatan warna berkurang ‘The intensity of colour decreases B Kecenderungan menerima elektron berkuranig ‘The tendency to accept an electron decreases C Keadaan fizikal berubah daripada ceeair kepada gas ‘The physical state changes from liquid tolgas D Daya tarikan antara nukleus dan elektron lebih kuat. Force of attraction between nueleus and electron become stronger. (BAT) HOTS [SPM 2021 V2-05] Jadualh| menunjukkan takat lebur dan takat didih bagi unsur-unsur Kumpulan 17 dalam Jadual Berkala Unsur. ‘Table 1 shows the telting point and boiling point of the elements in Group 17 in the Petiodie Table of Elements. Unsur ‘Takat lebur °C) ‘Takat didih (°C) Elements Melting point (°C) Boiling point (°C) Aw -219 -188 x -101 -34 nd “7 39 Zz 14 184 Antara yang berikut, unsur manakah ialah bromin? Which of the following elements is bromine? AW BX (y DZ[SELANGOR 2022 SET 2-09] Klorin adalah lebih reaktif daripada bromin kerana Chlorine is more reactive than bromine because I Klorin wujud sebagai gas dwiatom Chlorine exists as dwiatoms gas 1 Petala valens bromin adalah lebih jauh daripada nukleus berbanding dengan klorin Valence shell of bromine is further from nucleus compared to chlorine III Daya tarikan nukleus klorin terhadap elektron adalah lebih kuaty Chlorine has a stronger nucleus attraction force towards the electron’s, IV Daya tarikan Van der Waals antara molekul bromin adalah lebih kuat Van der Waals forces between bromine molecule are stronger Aldan II CI, Idan ly land Il 1, I and IW Bl dan Ill Dall ihdanetv Mand Ill UL, Wandiv [PERAK 2022 SET 1-04] 4. Takat didih klorin lebih rendahidaripada bromin. Pernyataan yang manakah paling baik bagi menerangkan fenomena ini? The boiling point of clalorine islower than bromine. Which statement best explains this phenomenon? A Saiz atom Klorisillebih kecil. ‘The atomic size‘6f chlorine is smaller. B Bilangan elektton dalam klorin lebih sedikit. ‘The number ofélectrons in chlorine is lesser. © Ikatan)kovalen antara atom klorin lebih lemah. Covalent bond between chlorine atoms is weaker. yaya tarikan antara molekul klorin lebih lemah. force of attraction between chlorine molecules is weaker.