Chemistry Class A+/ Part 2

Quick Revision Chemistry Form 4

SPM 2025 9A+
1 Jadual di bawah menunjukkan formula kimia bagi empat bahan. 8.2.2025
The table below shows the chemical formulae of four substances. 8.00 pm

Bahan Formula kimia

Substance Chemical formula
Metana by Tcer Ralf @SAKTI
CH4
Methane molecule
Karbon
C
Carbon atom
Natrium
Na
Sodium atom
Natrium oksida
Na2O
Sodium oxide ion

(a) (i) Nyatakan satu bahan yang wujud sebagai molekul.

State one substance that exists as molecules.

Methane// CH4
………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 markah/ mark]

(ii) Apakah jenis zarah yang terdapat dalam magnesium oksida?

What type of particles are found in magnesium oxide?
ion
………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 markah/ mark]

(iii) Lukiskan susunan zarah dalam natrium pada suhu bilik.

Draw the arrangement of particles in sodium at room temperature.
(solid)

[1 markah/ mark]

(b) Jadual di bawah menunjukkan bilangan neutron bagi tiga isotop karbon.
The table below shows the number of neutrons of three isotopes of carbon.

Atom Bilangan neutron

Atom Number of neutrons
Karbon-12
6
Carbon-12
Karbon-13
7
Carbon-13
Karbon-14
8
Carbon-14
Atoms of the same element with same number of protons but
different number of neutrons
1
 (i) Semua isotop karbon mempunyai nombor proton yang sama.
Berapakah bilangan proton dalam atom karbon?
All carbon isotopes have the same proton number.
What is the number of protons in carbon atom?

6
………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 markah/ mark]

(ii) Lukiskan struktur atom bagi karbon-13.

Draw the atomic structure of carbon-13.

Nucleus
O C 6 protons
7 neutrons

[2 markah/ marks]

(c) Rajah di bawah menunjukkan graf suhu melawan masa apabila cecair naftalena, C10H8
disejukkan.
The diagram below shows a graph of the temperature against time when liquid naphthalene,
C10H8 is cooled.

(i) Nyatakan takat beku bagi naftalena.

State the freezing point of naphthalene.
o
T1 C
………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 markah/ mark]

(ii) Terangkan mengapa tiada perubahan suhu dari t1 s hingga t2 s.

Explain why there is no change in temperature from t1 s to t2 s.

Heat energy absorbed is used to overcome the force

………………………………………………………………………………………..
of attraction between napthalene molecules
………………………………………………………………………………………..
so solid changes to liquid [2 markah/ marks]

2
 (iii) Nyatakan perubahan tenaga kinetik zarah-zarah semasa penyejukan naftalena dari
suhu T0 oC hingga T1 oC.
State the change in kinetic energy of particles during cooling from T0 oC to T1 oC.
decreases
………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 markah/ mark]

2 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan perwakilan piawai bagi atom-atom unsur klorin dan bromin.
The diagram below shows the standard representation of atoms of elements chlorine and bromine.

35 80
Cl Br
17 35
2.8.7 2.8.18.7
(a) Dalam kumpulan manakah unsur klorin dan bromin terletak dalam Jadual Berkala Unsur?
In which group are elements chlorine and bromine located in The Periodic Table of
Elements?
Group 17
…………………………………………………………………………………...…………..
[1 markah/ mark]

(b) Satu eksperimen telah dijalankan untuk mengkaji tindak balas antara gas bromin dan wul
ferum panas. Dalam tindak balas ini, ferum bertindak balas dengan gas bromin berlebihan
untuk menghasilkan 11.84 g ferum(III) bromida.
An experiment was conducted to investigate the reaction between bromine gas and hot iron
wool. In this reaction, iron reacts with excess bromine gas to produce 11.84 g iron(III)
bromide.

(i) Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas yang berlaku.

Write the chemical equation for the reaction occurs.

2Fe + 3Br2 --> 2FeBr3

……………………………………………………………………………….……......
[2 markah/ marks]

(ii) Hitung jisim ferum yang telah bertindak balas.

Calculate the mass of the iron that has reacted.
[Jisim atom relatif/ Relative atomic mass : Br = 80, Fe = 56]

1. mol of FeBr3 = 11.84/296 = 0.04 mol

2. 2 mol Fe : 2 mol FeBr3

0.04 mol Fe : 0.04 mol FeBr3

3. mass of Fe = 0.04 x 56 = 2.24 g [3 markah/ marks]

3
 (iii) Eksperimen itu diulangi dengan menggunakan gas klorin.
The experiment is repeated by using chlorine gas.

Ramalkan kereaktifan klorin terhadap ferum berbanding bromin.

Predict the reactivity of chlorine towards iron compared to bromine.
chlorine is more reactive than bromine
…………………………………………………………………………………….......
[1 markah/ mark]

(iv) Terangkan jawapan anda.

Explain your answer.

Atomic size of chlorine atom is smaller than

…………………………………………………………………………….………......
bromine atom. Nucleus force of attraction towards
……………………………………………………………………………………......
electrons ofchlorine atom is stronger than bromine
…………………………………………………………………………......................
atom.
Easier for chlorine atom to receive 1 electron
……………………………………………………………………………………......
[3 markah/ marks]
than bromine atom
3 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sebahagian daripada Jadual Berkala Unsur. Huruf yang
ditunjukkan bukan merupakan simbol sebenar unsur.
The diagram below shows part of the Periodic Table of Elements. The letters shown are not the
actual symbols of the elements.

2.4 2.6
2.8.2 V X 2.8.8
R Q

(a) (i) Unsur yang manakah tidak membentuk sebarang ikatan dengan unsur lain?
Which element does not form bond with another element?
Q
………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 markah/ mark]

(ii) Berikan satu alasan.

Give a reason.
Atom Q has achieved stable octet electron
……………………………………………………………………………………...…
arrangement. [1 markah/ mark]

4
 R: 2.8.2 X: 2.6 2R + X2 --> 2RX
(b) Satu sebatian terbentuk apabila unsur X bertindak balas dengan unsur R.
A compound is formed when element X reacts with element R.

(i) Nyatakan jenis sebatian yang terbentuk.

State the type of the compound formed.
ionic
…………………………………………………………………………………...……
[1 markah/ mark]

(ii) Lukis rajah susunan elektron bagi sebatian itu.

Draw a diagram to show the electron arrangement of the compound.

2+ 2-

o R o X

[2 markah/ marks]

(c) Unsur X juga bertindak balas dengan unsur V untuk membentuk satu sebatian yang lain.
Element X also reacts with element V to form another compound.

(i) Nyatakan formula kimia bagi sebatian itu.

State a chemical formula for the compound.
VX
2
………………………………………………………………………………...………
[1 markah/ mark]

(ii) Bandingkan takat lebur dan takat didih bagi sebatian yang terbentuk di (b)(i) dengan
sebatian di (c)(i). ionic
Compare the melting point and boiling point for the compound formed in (b)(i) and
the compound in (c)(i). covalent
Melting and boiling points of compound in(b)(i) is HIGHER
…………………………………………………………………………………..…..
than compound in (c)(i) [1 markah/ mark]

(iii) Terangkan jawapan anda.

p1. compare foa
Explain your answer. p2. compare amount of heat energy

……………………………………………………………………………………...…
Oppositely charge ions (R2+ & X2-) in comp.(b)(i)
are attracted by a strong electrostatic force of attraction.
Lots……………………………………………………………………………………...…
of heat energy needed to overcome the strong force of attraction
……………………………………………………………………………………...…
Molecules in compound (c)(i) are attracted by a weak Van der Waals
force……………………………………………………………………………………...…
of attraction
Less heat energy needed to overcome the weak [3 markah/ marks]
force of attraction between molecules.

5
4 Asid sulfurik ialah asid kuat. Jadual di bawah menunjukkan dua larutan asid sulfurik, X dan Y
dengan kepekatan yang berlainan.
Sulphuric acid is a strong acid. The table below shows two solutions of sulphuric acid, X and Y
2-
of different concentrations. H2SO4 --> 2H ++ SO
4
Asid sulfurik Kepekatan (mol dm-3) pH
Sulphuric acid Concentration (mol dm-3)
X 0.10 -log [0.1x2] = 0.7
Y 0.01 -log [0.01x2] = 1.7

(a) (i) Nyatakan maksud asid.

State the meaning of acid.

Chemical substance that can ionise in water to produce

………………………………………………………………………………………
hydrogen ion/ H+ [1 markah/ mark]

(ii) Larutan manakah yang mempunyai nilai pH lebih rendah?

Which solution has lower pH value?
X
…………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 markah/ mark]

(iii) Beri satu alasan bagi jawapan anda di (a)(ii).

Give one reason for your answer in (a)(ii).
Concentration of hydrogen ions in solution X is higher than Y
…………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 markah/ mark]

(b) Rajah di bawah menunjukkan susunan radas dalam pentitratan antara asid sulfurik X dengan
larutan natrium hidroksida. Asid sulfurik ditambah perlahan-perlahan dari buret ke dalam
kelalang kon sehingga takat akhir pentitratan dicapai.
The diagram below shows the set-up of apparatus in the titration of sulphuric acid and
sodium hydroxide solution. Sulphuric acid is added slowly from burette into the conical
flask until the end point of titration achieved.

H2SO4 + 2NaOH --> Na2SO4 + 2H2O

Asid sulfurik X
Sulphuric acid X
H2SO4 0.5 mol
-3
dm
25 cm3 larutan natrium hidroksida 0.1
mol dm-3 + 5 titis penunjuk fenolftalein
25 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide
solution + 5 drops of phenolphthalein
indicator
At end point: pink solution turns colorless

6
(i) Namakan jenis tindak balas kimia yang berlaku dalam kelalang kon.
Name the type of reaction occurs in the conical flask.
neutralisation
…………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 markah/ mark]

(ii) Nyatakan perubahan warna dalam kelalang kon apabila takat akhir pentitratan dicapai.
State the colour change in the conical flask when the end point of titration is achieved.
pink solution to colorless
…………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 markah/ mark]

(iii) Tulis persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas yang berlaku.

Write a chemical equation for the reaction occurs.
H2SO4 + 2NaOH --> Na2SO4 + 2H2O
…………………………………………………………………………………………
[2 markah/ marks]

(iv) Hitung isi padu asid sulfurik yang telah dimasukkan ke dalam kelalang kon
untuk meneutralkan dengan lengkap larutan natrium hidroksida itu.
Calculate the volume of sulphuric acid that has been added into the conical
flask to neutralise the sodium hydroxide solution completely.
1. Mol of NaOH = MV/1000 = 0.1(25)/1000
= 0.0025 mol

2. 2 mol NaOH : 1 mol H2SO4

0.0025 mol NaOH : 0.00125 mol H2SO4

3. Volume of H2SO4 = (molx1000)/M

= (0.00125x1000)/0.1
= 0.1 mol dm-3

[3 markah/ marks]

KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT

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