I.

Title page

"Analyzing The Academic Performance Of 10th

Grade Students In Mathematics And Science Using
Quantiles: A Study Of The School Year 2022-2023
In 3rd Quarter"

A Mini-Research

In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements in Mathematic 10

June 20, 2023

II. Introduction
 Mathematics and science are two important subjects
that are essential for the students’ academic success and
future careers. However, many students struggle with
these subjects, and some tend to perform poorly.
Therefore, we need to analyze the academic
performance of students in the subjects of mathematics
and science to identify the distribution of grades in all
the student of 10th grade class.

Quantiles are a useful tool for understanding the

distribution of data. In this study, we will be using
quantiles to analyze the academic performance of 10th
grade students in mathematics and science in the third
quarter of the school year 2022-2023.

III. Purpose of Study

 This study aims to find how well 10th grade students
do in the subjects of mathematics and science, by
analyzing their scores using quantiles.

This study also seeks to identify the proportion of

10th grade students who perform well and those who
don’t.

The findings of this study will help improve

education, teaching and learning in math and science,
and make students more interested and involved in these
subjects.

IV. Methods
 We gathered the data form what we have received
from our math teacher that shows the grades of the 10th
grade class in mathematics and science for the 3rd
quarter.

Our task now is to analyze the data by organizing it

into a grouped frequency table that shows the class
interval, frequency, lower boundary, and the cumulative
frequency and then we’ll be calculating various
measures of position.

Specifically, we need to find the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd

quartiles, which divide the data into four equal parts; the
4th and 7th deciles, which divide the data into ten equal
parts; and the 60th and 85th percentiles, which divide
the data into 100 equal parts. In addition, we also need
to determine the percentile ranks of the 75th and 82nd
values in the data, which indicate what percentage of the
data is below those values.

V. Results

Grades of 10th Grade Students in Mathematics and Science

 LOWER LESS THAN
CLASS FREQUENC
BOUNDAR CUMULATI
INTERVAL Y
Y VE
(LB) FREQUENC
Y
(<CF)
95-99 6 94.5 120
90-94 19 89.5 114
85-89 20 84.5 95
80-84 31 79.5 75
75-79 36 74.5 44
70-74 8 69.5 8
N=120

The table above provides the data on students’ grades in math

and science. The data includes class interval, frequency,
lower boundary, and the cumulative frequency. This table
will help us throughout our calculation.

a. 1st Quartile:
 [ ]
KN
−¿ cf
QK ¿ 4
LB+ i
f qk

[ ]
1N
−¿ cf
Q1=¿ 4
LB+ i
f qk

1 N 1 ( 120 ) 120
Q1 class: 4
=
4 = 4 = 30
¿ 74.5+
[ 30 – 8
36 ]
5

¿ 74.5+
[ ]
22
36
5

¿ 74.5+ [ 0.611 ] 5
¿ 74.5+3.055
Q 1 ¿ 77.555∨77.56

This means we need to find the class interval 30th score is

contained.
Note that the 9th - 44th scores belong to the class interval:
75 - 79. So, the 30th score is also within the class interval.
The Q is also class interval 75 - 79.
1

Therefore, the 1st quartile is equivalent to 25th percentile.

Therefore, 25% of the students got a score less or equal to
77.56.

b. 2nd Quartile:
 [ ]
KN
−¿ cf
QK ¿ 4
LB+ i
f qk

[ ]
2N
−¿ cf
Q2=¿ 4
LB+ i
f qk

2 N 2 ( 120 ) 240
Q2 class: 4
=
4 = 4 = 60
¿ 79.5+
[ 60 – 44
31
5
]
¿ 79.5+
[ ]
16
31
5

¿ 79.5+ [ 0.516 ] 5
¿ 79.5+2.580
Q2 ¿ 82.080∨82.08

This means we need to find the class interval 60th score is

contained.
Note that the 45th - 75th scores belong to the class interval:
80 - 84. So, the 60th score is also within the class interval.
The Q is also class interval 80 - 84.
2

Therefore, the 2nd quartile is equivalent to 50th percentile.

Therefore, 50% of the students got a score less or equal to
82.08.

c. 3rd Quartile:
 [ ]
KN
−¿ cf
QK ¿ 4
LB+ i
f qk

[ ]
3N
−¿ cf
Q 3=¿ 4
LB+ i
f qk

3 N 3 ( 120 ) 360
Q3 class: 4
=
4 = 4 = 90
¿ 84.5+
[ 90−75
20
5
]
¿ 84.5+
[ ]
15
20
5

¿ 84.5+ [ 0.75 ] 5
¿ 84.5+3.75
Q1 ¿ 88.25

This means we need to find the class interval 90th score is

contained.
Note that the 76th - 95th scores belong to the class interval:
85 - 89. So, the 90th score is also within the class interval.
The Q is also class interval 85 - 89.
3

Therefore, the 3rd quartile is equivalent to 75th percentile.

Therefore, 75% of the students got a score less or equal to
88.25.

d. 7th Decile:
 [ ]
KN
−¿ cf
DK ¿ 10
LB+ i
f dk

[ ]
7N
−¿ cf
D7=¿ 10
LB+ i
f dk

7 N 7 ( 120 ) 840
D7 class: 10
=
10 = 10 = 84
¿ 84.5+
[ 84−75
20
5
]
¿ 84.5+
[ ]
9
20
5

¿ 84.5+ [ 0.45 ] 5
¿ 84.5+2.25
D 7 ¿ 86.75

This means we need to find the class interval 84th score is

contained.
Note that the 76th - 95th scores belong to the class interval:
85 - 89. So, the 84th score is also within the class interval.
The D is also class interval 85 - 89.
7

Therefore, the 7th decile is equivalent to 70th percentile.

Therefore, 70% of the students got a score less or equal to
86.75.

e. 4th Decile:
 [ ]
KN
−¿ cf
DK ¿ 10
LB+ i
f dk

[ ]
4N
−¿ cf
D4 =¿ 10
LB+ i
f dk

4 N 4 ( 120 ) 480
D4 class: 10
=
10 = 10 = 48
¿ 79.5+
[ 48−44
31
5
]
¿ 79.5+
[ ]
4
31
5

¿ 79.5+ [ 0.129 ] 5
¿ 79.5+0.645
D 7 ¿ 80.145∨80.15

This means we need to find the class interval 48th score is

contained.
Note that the 45th - 75th scores belong to the class interval:
80 - 84. So, the 48th score is also within the class interval.
The D is also class interval 80 - 84.
4

Therefore, the 4th decile is equivalent to 40th percentile.

Therefore, 40% of the students got a score less or equal to
80.15.

f. 60th Percentile:
 [ ]
KN
−¿ cf
PK ¿ 100
LB+ i
f pk

[ ]
60 N
−¿ cf
P60 =¿ 100
LB+ i
f pk

60 N 60 ( 120 ) 7,200
P60 class: 100
=
100 = 100 = 72
¿ 79.5+
[ 72−44
31
5
]
¿ 79.5+
[ ]
28
31
5

¿ 79.5+ [ 0.903 ] 5
¿ 79.5+4.516
P60 ¿ 84.016∨84.02

This means we need to find the class interval 72nd score is

contained.
Note that the 45th - 75th scores belong to the class interval:
80 - 84. So, the 72nd score is also within the class interval.
The P is also class interval 80 - 84.
60

Therefore, 60% of the students got a score less or equal to

84.02.

g. 85th Percentile:

[ ]
KN
−¿ cf
PK ¿ 100
LB+ i
f qk
 [ ]
85 N
−¿ cf
P85 =¿ 100
LB+ i
f qk

85 N 85 ( 120 ) 10,200
P85 class: 100
=
100 = 100 = 102
¿ 89.5+
[ 102−95
19
5
]
¿ 89.5+
[ ]
7
19
5

¿ 89.5+ [ 0.368 ] 5
¿ 89.5+1.842
P85 ¿ 91.342∨91.34

This means we need to find the class interval 102nd score is

contained.
Note that the 96th - 114th scores belong to the class interval:
90 - 94. So, the 102nd score is also within the class interval.
The P is also class interval 90 - 94.
85

Therefore, 85% of the students got a score less or equal to

91.34.

h. Percentile Rank of 75:

75 is within 75 – 79
N = 120
P = 75
LB = 74.5
Fp = 36
i=5
cfp = 8

P PR ¿ 100
N [
( P−LB ) fp
i
+cfp ]
P75 ¿ 100
120 [
( 75−74.5 ) 36
5
+8 ]
= 0.833 [ ( 0.5 ) 36
5
+8 ]
= 0.833 [ 18
5
+8
]
= 0.833 [ 3.6+8 ]

= 0.833 [ 11.6 ]
P75 =9.66628 …

Therefore, 10% of the scores are less than the

cumulative frequency of 75, while 90% of the scores are
greater than the cumulative frequency of 75.

i. Percentile Rank of 82:

82 is within 80 – 84
N = 120
P = 82
LB = 79.5
Fp = 31
i=5
 cfp = 44

P PR ¿ 100
N [
( P−LB ) fp
i
+cfp ]
P75 ¿ 100
120 [
( 82−79.5 ) 31
5
+ 44 ]
= 0.833 [ ( 2.5 ) 31
5
+ 44 ]
= 0.833 [ ]
77.5
+44
5

= 0.833 [ 15.5+44 ]

= 0.833 [ 59.5 ]
P75=49.58135 …

Therefore, 50% of the scores are less than the

cumulative frequency of 82, while 50% of the scores are
greater than the cumulative frequency of 82.

VI. Discussion

The results shows that the distribution of grades in

math and science for the 10th grade class indicates that
there are a few students who scored very high, while the
majority of the students scored in the middle range.
 The 1st quartile, which is equivalent to the 25th
percentile, is 77.56. The 2nd quartile, which is
equivalent to the 50th percentile, is 82.08. The 3rd
quartile, which is equivalent to the 75th percentile, is
88.25. The 7th decile, which is equivalent to the 70th
percentile, is 88.75. The 4th decile, which is equivalent
to the 40th percentile, is 80.15. The 60th percentile is
84.02. The 85th percentile is 91.34.

The percentile rank of 75 is 9.628 or 10%. This

means that 10% of the scores are less than the
cumulative frequency of 75. The percentile rank of 82 is
49.385 or 50%. This means that 50% of the scores are
less than the cumulative frequency of 82.

VII. Conclusion

In this study, we analyzed the academic performance

of 10th grade students of …… National High School in
mathematics and science in the third quarter of the
school year 2022-2023 and used quantiles to describe
the distribution of their grades.
 We obtained the data from our math teacher, who
provided us with the grades of the 10th grade class in
mathematics and science for the 3rd quarter and we
organized the data into a grouped frequency table. Then,
we calculated various measures of position using the
formula for finding quantiles from a grouped frequency
table and found out the results which were in the
discussion.

Therefore, we can say that the study we had

performed indicates that there are a few students who
scored very high, while most of the students scored in
the middle range.