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G4Chapter 1

This feasibility study examines opening a Korean food stall called KimbaPinoy in Balibago, Angeles City that sells Korean on-the-go foods like kimbap. The study aims to capitalize on the growing popularity of Korean culture and food in the Philippines, particularly in Angeles City which has a large Korean population. If implemented, the kimbap stall could provide a filling and convenient lunch option for local students and employees with short breaks between classes/work. The feasibility study will analyze the market opportunity, required operations, financials, socioeconomic impacts and provide recommendations on the viability of this kimbap business concept.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
158 views46 pages

G4Chapter 1

This feasibility study examines opening a Korean food stall called KimbaPinoy in Balibago, Angeles City that sells Korean on-the-go foods like kimbap. The study aims to capitalize on the growing popularity of Korean culture and food in the Philippines, particularly in Angeles City which has a large Korean population. If implemented, the kimbap stall could provide a filling and convenient lunch option for local students and employees with short breaks between classes/work. The feasibility study will analyze the market opportunity, required operations, financials, socioeconomic impacts and provide recommendations on the viability of this kimbap business concept.

Uploaded by

Stella Maris
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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<TITLE OF THE STUDY>

A Feasibility Study
Presented to the Faculty of the
Business and Management Department
STI College <School Name>

In Partial Fulfilment
of the Requirements for the Degree
Bachelor of Science in Business Administration

<Researcher's Given Name MI. Family Name>


<Researcher's Given Name MI. Family Name>
<Researcher's Given Name MI. Family Name>
<Researcher's Given Name MI. Family Name>

<Date of Submission>

FT-CRD-119-00 | STI College <School Name> 1


TOPIC PROPOSAL APPROVAL SHEET

This research proposal entitled: <Feasibility Study Title> prepared and submitted by
<Researcher's Given Name MI. Family Name>; <Researcher's Given Name MI.
Family Name>; <Researcher's Given Name MI. Family Name>; and <Researcher's
Given Name MI. Family Name>, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
degree of Bachelor of Science in <Program>, has been examined and is recommended for
acceptance and approval.

<Feasibility Study Adviser's Given Name MI. Family Name>


Feasibility Study Adviser

<Feasibility Study Coordinator's Given Name MI. Family Name>


Feasibility Study Coordinator

<Program Head's Given Name MI. Family Name>


Program Head

<Date of Topic Proposal Presentation>

FT-CRD-119-00 | STI College <School Name> 2


ENDORSEMENT FORM FOR FINAL DEFENSE

TITLE OF FEASIBILITY STUDY: <Title of the Study>

NAME OF PROPONENTS: <Researcher's Given Name MI. Family Name>


<Researcher's Given Name MI. Family Name>
<Researcher's Given Name MI. Family Name>
<Researcher's Given Name MI. Family Name>

In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements


for the degree Bachelor of Science in Business Administration
has been examined and is recommended for Final Defense.

ENDORSED BY:

<Feasibility Study Adviser's Given Name MI. Family Name>


Feasibility Study Adviser

APPROVED FOR FINAL DEFENSE:

<Feasibility Study Coordinator's Given Name MI. Family Name>


Feasibility Study Coordinator

NOTED BY:

<Program Head's Given Name MI. Family Name>


Program Head

FT-CRD-119-00 | STI College <School Name> 3


<Date of Final Defense>

FT-CRD-119-00 | STI College <School Name> 4


FEASIBILITY STUDY ACCEPTANCE SHEET

This feasibility study titled: <Title of the Study> prepared and submitted by
<Researcher's Given Name MI. Family Name>; <Researcher's Given Name MI.
Family Name>; <Researcher's Given Name MI. Family Name>; and <Researcher's
Given Name MI. Family Name>, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
degree of Bachelor of Science in <Program>, has been examined and is recommended for
acceptance and approval.

<Feasibility Study Adviser's Given Name MI. Family Name>


Feasibility Study Adviser

Accepted and approved by the Feasibility Study Review Panel


in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
Bachelor of Science in Business Administration

<Panelists' Given Name MI. Family Name> <Panelists' Given Name MI. Family Name>
Panel Member Panel Member

<Panelists' Given Name MI. Family Name>


Lead Panelist

Noted:

<Feasibility Study Coordinator's Given <Program Head's Given Name MI. Family
Name MI. Family Name> Name>
Feasibility Study Coordinator Program Head

<Date of Final Defense>

FT-CRD-119-00 | STI College <School Name> 5


TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page
Title Page i
Acknowledgment ii
Abstract iii
Endorsement Form for Presentation Defense iv
Approval Sheet v
Table of Contents vi
List of Figures vii
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study 1
Organizational Background
Statement of the Problem
Objectives of the Study
Significance of the Study
Scope and Delimitations
Operational Definition of Terms
Review of Related Literature and Studies
Research Methodology
CHAPTER II: THE MARKETING ASPECT
Objectives of the Marketing Aspect
Industry Analysis
Environmental Analysis
Market Analysis
The Marketing Program
Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of Data
CHAPTER III: THE MANAGEMENT ASPECT
Objectives of the Management Aspect
Pre – operating Period
Project Originators/ Promoters/ Managers
Project Schedule

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Operating Period
Form of Business Ownership
Internal Organization
CHAPTER IV: OPERATIONAL ASPECT
Objectives of the Operational Aspect
Product/Service Specifications
Raw Materials
Production Process/Service Delivery
Building and Facilities
Machinery and Equipment
Labor Requirements for Production
Office and Plant Location
Production Schedule
Utilities and Waste Disposal
Unit Production Cost
CHAPTER V: FINANCIAL ASPECT
Objectives of the Financial Aspect
Statement of Assumptions
Total Project Capital Investment
Sources of Capital
Financial Analysis
CHAPTER VI: SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECT
Objectives of the Socio-Economic Aspect
Social Implications
Economic Implications
CHAPTER VII: SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary of Findings
Conclusions
Recommendations
BIBLIOGRAPHY

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INTRODUCTION

The Philippines has shown a strong willingness to welcome South Korean


relations, culture, and goods commerce for the past years. As all know, South
Korea is currently the Philippines' largest trading partner (Philippine-Korean
Relations, n.d.). With the growing number of Koreans in the Philippines, with a
particular focus on the city of Angeles (De Leon, 2020). It was no secret that
Angelenos have embraced Korean culture, due largely to a relatively high number
of Koreans who have come to study, tourist, or even settle down for good.
Another possible cause is the influence of the Korean wave. The Rise of Korea’s
Cultural Economy & Pop Culture (2020) stated that Korean Hallyu Wave is a
term used to describe the global appeal of South Korea's cultural economy, which
exports pop culture, entertainment, music, television dramas, and films. Hallyu is
a Chinese phrase that directly translates to "Korean Wave." It is just a catch-all
word for the phenomenal rise of Korean culture and popular culture, which
includes everything from music to movies, drama, online games and Korean
cuisine. During US President Barack Obama's state visit to Korea in March 2012,
he mentioned the Korean Wave, which the government had declared to be the
country's top priority.

Filipinos from Children, teenagers, and even some adults are major fans of K-pop
and Korean dramas, as seen by the growth of Korean eateries and cafés, as well as
Korean dramas on Philippine television. With this, the company,
KimbaPinoy would like to focus on selling on-the-go Korean cuisine, such as
Kimbap (a Korean dish made from steamed white rice, Nori sheets, and various
ingredients) but with a twist, to students and employees in Balibago, Angeles
City, particularly those with short minute class intervals. The food provided is
ideal for students who want to try something new from their typical canteen meal,
as well as those who want a filling lunch in a small portion.

FT-CRD-119-00 | STI College <School Name> 8


Background of the Study

a. Description of the product/service

Korean cuisines are instantly recognizable, different, and very tasty without being
overly complex to prepare. That may explain why Korean cuisine has recently
gained popularity in the Philippines and elsewhere. Kimbap, a variety of
ingredients wrapped in seaweed and rice, is currently one of the most popular
dishes in Korea. Kimbap (sometimes written as "gimbap") is the ideal on-the-go
meal, making it a common appearance at bus stops and korean restaurants. Usual
Kimbap fillings are can be any of tuna, avocado, chicken, shrimp, and bulgogi
kimbap are all available. Basically, people are free to fill the roll with whatever
they want.

KimbaPinoy offers to sell foreign kimbap having a taste of Filipino food. The
Kimbap to sell of the business have tapsilog fillings instead of the usual fillings
being flavored to the product. KimbaPinoy serves five (5) variation of Kimbap:
(a) Tapasilog, (b) Cornedbeefsilog, (c) Bangusilog, (d) Longsilog and (e) Tocilog.

1. Tapasilog – fried rice with tapa and egg wrapped with seaweeds

2. Cornedbeefsilog – fried rice with cornedbeef and egg wrapped


with seaweeds

3. Bangusilog – fried rice with fried bangus and egg wrapped with
seaweeds

4. Longsilog – fried rice with longganisa and egg wrapped with


seaweeds

5. Tocilog – fried rice with tocino and egg wrapped with seaweeds

b. Organizational type

KimbaPinoy is a public sector revenue operating organization by means of doing

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business of selling unique Kimbap products along a rented stall in Balibagp,
Angeles City.

c. Organizational form

The business is in a form of general partnership within its owners. The monetary
capital of the business are equally shared by the partners. The business proponents
and partners are Rayca Bulatao, Roxsan Cristobal, Jenifer Montano, Rina
Sampaga and Lian May Padlan.

d. Graphic identity

Figure 1. Company Logo

1. KimbaPinoy – derived from the two words Kimbap and Pinoy

2. Boy and Philippine Flag – represent the Filipinos

3. Kimbap icon – represents the main product of the business which is Kimbap

Organizational Background

a. Vision

 To continue serving quality of product and achieve a stable position in the


market within the next two years.

b. Mission

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 To be a business dedicated in quality and integrity.

c. Goals and Objectives

 KimbaPinoy’s goals are to market the product to the general public and to
keep potential customers by maintaining positive relationships with
suppliers, investors, and customers. As a result of the solid relationship
with stakeholders is for the business will run smoothly.

 KimbaPinoy’s wish to extend the company with a new business and


product concept.

 KimbaPinoy’s aim to boost its product's sales.

d. Values Statement

 " KimbaPinoy’s principles and commitments will guide and inspire the
business:

Inclusiveness - To respect people, embrace difference, and are devoted to


equality.

Quality – To seek excellence through continuous improvement of KimbaPinoy’s


product.

Openness – we are dedicated to a culture of collaboration and partnership.

Statement of the Problem

The study is to evaluate the feasibility of selling Filipino style Kimbap in the
market. Specifically its goal is to examine the:

a. Marketing Aspect

 What is the proponents’ business opportunities and threats?

 What ways and strategies the business can adopt to gain market share?

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b. Management Aspect

 Who are the persons involved in the operation of the


business?

 What is the organizational form of the business?

c. Operational Aspect

 What is the process operation of the business to adopt and


have efficiency?

d. Financial Aspect

 What is the source capital of the business?

 What strategies the business can employ to maximize the


revenue?

e. Socio-economic Aspect

 What could the business give in return to the community


and government?

Objectives of the Study

The study’s main goal is to determine whether the proposed project is marketable.
The goal of this research is to determine if KimbaPinoy own style of Kimbap
would be whether or not feasible. Its goal is also to attract purchasers to buy and
to assure the viability of the firm, particularly in terms of management and the
market's supply and demand situation, this is to examine the feasibility of
product’s quality and sales.

Significance of the Study

The study offers the consumer a product which is affordable but with the same

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product quality with those product sold at an expensive price in restaurants. This
section will provide a brief description on the various significances of the
mentioned study.

To the customers- the customers will benefit from the study as it was
made for them and the proponents had priced the product at an affordable
price.

To the researchers- the researchers have gained new skills and


knowledge that they can apply to their career as a result of their study.
This paper may enhance their understanding on life's realities, particularly
as we go closer to the business world.

To the community – the community will benefit from the study by


acquiring strategies in terms of creating innovated products in the market
and techniques on how to market them.

Scope and Delimitations

This research will focus on the management, marketing, operational, social, and
financial aspects of the "KimbaPinoy" business in Balibago, Angeles City. A total
of one hundred (100) residents in Balibago will be the respondents of the study.
The product will be marketed by renting a stall in Balibago and selling it there.
The researchers have create google formed surveys to gather information to
examine the willingness of the respondents to try the products. The survey form
would include questions regarding on how respondents are willing to try the
product.

Operational Definition of Terms

Bangusilog – Variation of Kimbap (Bangus, Rice and Egg)

Cornedbeefsilog – Variation of Kimbap (Cornedbeef, Rice and Egg)

Kimbap – Korean cuisine of rice wrapped with seaweed

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Longsilog – Variation of Kimbap (Longganisa, Rice and Egg)

Tapsilog – Filipino breakfast meal

Tapasilog – Variation of Kimbap (Tapa, Rice and Egg)

Tocilog – Variation of Kimbap (Tocino, Rice and Egg)

Review of Related Literature and Studies

Local Literature

Adopting Innovation to Product

According to an article published on Department of Science and Technology


(2016) Filipinos, as global citizens, have developed diverse appetites for a variety
of local and international foods, and have surely become more gastronomically
adventurous. This provides food researchers with numerous options to develop
and adopt glocalization.to enhanced food items that are of high quality and have a
wide range of applications, such as complementary and emergency meals.

In an article written by Trongol (2020), the researcher featured a business about


Korean Food having a Twist of Filipino Taste Filipinos are undoubtedly foodies.
As Filipinos, they enjoyed trying out all of the different cuisines and meals that
were offered at their table. MM's Bunny Cafe in Bacolod City, Philippines,
reinvented one of the most popular Filipino dishes, "Lumpia" – a variety of spring
rolls popular in Indonesia and the Philippines. Birthdays, baptisms, anniversaries,
and other significant occasions are incomplete without Lumpia on the table.
Michael Carl Oligo, the owner of a cafe, learned how to make a lumpia with a
kimchi twist. The business until now is still operating and continue earning
revenue.

In an article posted by Torrejos (2011) featured the KBOP's restaurant that serves
authentic Korean food with a twist of Filipino taste. The writer believe it was the
Filipino flavoring they used in their dishes that made people fall in love with

FT-CRD-119-00 | STI College <School Name> 14


them. He believe they achieved Korean-Filipino-food-euphoria by providing
unintimidating, quick, and economical Korean food to Filipinos in such a way that
the taste of their dishes was safe for Filipino taste buds while still retaining
original Korean flavors. This article can be mention as a factor for the current
study to be feasible in the market for having the same product concept.

Influence of Korean Culture

According to the study written by Caranay (2016) culture is an important aspect


of the society. It is considered to be the backbone of a country as it holds the
nation's identity. However, with the emergence of capitalism came consumerism
and the popular culture - both of affects the people ideologically and culturally. In
this study, the researcher aims to understand the influence of K-Pop to the
patterns of consumption of Filipino K-Pop fans. The researcher used survey and
key informant interviews to understand this behavior. Colonial mentality was also
investigated as a factor for the emergence of K-Pop in the country and how pop
culture contributes in the growing consumerist society and further generates
colonial mentality among the Filipinos.

In an article published by Mindanao Times (2018) most Korean dramas highlight


the delicacy of Korean cuisine, inspiring viewers to want to try it for themselves.
Some of the most popular Korean cuisines in the Philippines are kimchi, ramyeon,
bibimbap, samgyeopsal, kimbap, and bulgogi. To meet the growing Korean
cuisine market, several Korean eateries have opened across the country. Social
media has also been flooded with footage of people doing the samyang ramyeon
challenge, which involves eating highly spicy quick Korean ramen. Many
restaurants and retail businesses have taken advantage of the possibility to
increase revenues by selling ramyeon. With this, it can conclude that selling
Korean food such as kimbap in the market is feasible.

An article posted in Negosyo Ideas (2020), mentioned that Korean food is popular
in the Philippines these days, due to the prevalence of Korean pop culture, that
most Filipinas are obsessed with it. With the growing popularity of Korean

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culture, K-pop lovers are anxious to learn its language, as well as its stylish
apparel and, of course, Korean cuisine, which is both delicious and distinctive. As
the number of K-pop fans in the Philippines grows, goes the Korean culinary
industry grow. This is an excellent time to start a Korean food business,
particularly one with a unique spin. Bibimbap, kimchi, Chapchae noodles, and
other Korean dishes are popular.

Lee and Tupas (2020) published an article to GMA News that the Philippines had
the largest growth rate of hallyu enthusiasts, according to a 2018 Korea
Foundation study of 113 nations. Furthermore, according to TNS Global's 2011
research "Filipino Perception of Korea and the Koreans," Korean culture is one of
the top three civilizations that Filipinos are captivated by, with American and
Japanese cultures. With these findings, it was no surprise that South Korea has the
most positive image in the Philippines, according to a 2020 study conducted by
the Korean Culture and Information Service. As conclusion, creating Korean
Food business would be a feasible idea.

Impact of Selling Local Food

Attracting Tourists Thru Native Cuisine in Selected Towns in Batangas (n.d.)


assessed the possibility of Attracting Tourists Thru Native Cuisine in Selected
Towns in Batangas. It gathered the profiles of three towns in Batangas: Batangas
City, Bauan, and San Pascual; determined the various native cuisines of these
towns; and, eventually, suggested an action plan on how these cuisines may be
included in culinary tourism. The descriptive research design and qualitative
approach were employed in this study. The researchers discovered that by
promoting and enhancing the culinary tourism of a location, one might assist his
or her local government or municipality.

Kimbap

Fernandez (2013) provided strategies in terms of marking of KahitSan business.


KahitSan maintains product consistency to ensure that consumers receive the

FT-CRD-119-00 | STI College <School Name> 16


same high quality service each time they visit. Their objective is to grow revenue
by attracting more clients. Unlike other tiny eateries, KahitSan has a separate
take-out counter for clients who wish to eat somewhere else; this is a benefit
because KahitSan will be able to generate more revenue even if the restaurant is
completely occupied. They also offer loyalty cards as a means of boosting sales
from a certain consumer base.

Consumer’s Behavior and Satisfaction

Consumer attitudes toward innovative tactics for the dissemination of product


information are being investigated by researchers (Banterle, Cavaliere and Ricci,
2012). Vitamins, energy, and fat content are the most important nutritional claims,
according to the findings. Consumers are concerned about the products' origins,
uniqueness, environmental impact, animal welfare, and production methods.

Foreign Studies

Adopting Innovation to Product

An article featured by Shvet Bhagat (2015), shows that Mcdonalds' Burgers in


India were made with an Indian taste in order to gain the interest of the people and
the result is the same as expected.

Bae, Sungeun, Jang, Jin-A, Oh, Ji Eun, Lee, Kyung Won, and Cho, Mi Sook.
(2013) this study is to see if there is a difference in Chinese consumer preference
between Sous-vide chicken burgers with Korean-style seasoning and chicken
burgers from local fast food restaurants. As for the results, burger preference was
a good option to attract the market.

In an article entitled Jollibee Foods: conquering the world stage (n.d.) Jollibee
makes region-specific modifications to its menu to better appeal to local tastes,
such as the Saigon Chili Chicken offering in Vietnam and Chicken Burgers in the
United States, although its basic goods stay the same across its operational

FT-CRD-119-00 | STI College <School Name> 17


markets. JFC runs values integration programs to guarantee that franchisees
uphold the company's values and quality standards. These programs ensure that
JFC's outlets follow the same business principles that have led to the company's
success.

The researchers already know how to start up a firm and produce a solid business
plan in the future according to the paper Kampung Kimbap Enterprise (2014) they
created. As their main product, they chose kimbap and gave it a Malaysian twist.
This is because they believe this product has the potential to flourish in the
market. Furthermore, when compared to another company offering the same
goods, the pricing they offered is reasonable. Furthermore, the company's position
is quite crucial, being close to both residential and growth areas. As a result, it
demonstrates that the business has the potential to be favored by the target market.

In an article written by Lim (2021) stated that Starbucks is frequently mentioned


when discussing successful enterprises that have successfully "glocalized" in their
new market. Starbucks has a lot to offer, from seasonal options like Pumpkin
Spice Latte in the fall in the United States to Sakura Latte in the spring in Japan,
Taiwan's Golden Pineapple Cold Brew Coffee to Malaysia's Mixed Berry
Frappuccino Blended Beverage with Pomegranate Pearls. These are some
glocalization instances, which combine the concepts of "globalization" and
"localization" into a single notion. Due to a greater awareness of the local
market's needs while incorporating the spirit of a global brand, glocalization
frequently produces superior outcomes. Starbucks is no stranger to the concept,
having grown to become the world's largest coffee chain (in terms of revenue),
with 32,660 locations in 83 countries.

The focus of this article is on the new Burger King locations in Kuwait. It covers
the prerequisites the restaurant required to open in Kuwait, as well as the
adaptations, alterations, and challenges they had to deal with in order to flourish
in Kuwaiti culture. The major location where the firm first opened and the year it
was started in Kuwait are also stated. Burger King had to embrace Islamic norms

FT-CRD-119-00 | STI College <School Name> 18


in order to acquire patrons, according to Al-Arbash (2015). Burger King is the
world's second most popular fast food restaurant chain.

Influence of Korean Culture

In the study Analysis of the Impact of Korean Wave on Purchase Decision


Making at Patbingsoo Korean Dessert House, Flavor Bliss, Tangerang Selatan
(2021) the Korean Wave is a worldwide phenomenon that grows and distributes
Korean popular culture such as Girl and Boy Groups, fashion, and even Korean
specialties, especially in Indonesia, where many local entrepreneurs are striving to
establish Korean culinary companies. Patbingsoo Korean Dessert House, Flavor
Bliss, South Tangerang is one such Korean restaurant. The arrival of the Korean
Wave in Indonesia may have a slow impact on Indonesians' lifestyles, particularly
among teenagers. It is conceivable that the impact of this influence will influence
consumer purchasing decisions for a certain product.

Consumer’s Behavior and Satisfaction towards local food

Changing consumption patterns have resulted in a lot of changes throughout the


food cycle, and it is critical to understand how and why people buy local food
(Lawson and Mirosa, 2012). This study will look at the characteristics of the
people who are driving this trend: those who want to buy food produced locally.
The types of food they eat (unprocessed foods), where they buy it (specialty
stores), and how they cook it are all linked to those who exhibit a strong desire to
buy local food (e.g. follow recipes). Local and nonlocal food purchasers have
different personalities and other personal qualities, with the former being more
liberal, performance, and frugal.

Kimbap

In a journal published under Snack Fever (2018) Gimbap is a highly convenient


as it can be taken with anyone on the go, eaten as a meal, or snacked on. Gimbap
is widely available in Korea and can be made anywhere, and can be found on the
streets and in restaurants. People can either eat gimbap at a restaurant or order it

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to go. The meal is available in a variety of establishments.

In this study, Yulianto and Zahra (2016) to determine and explain the following:
the influence within Attitude Reference Group, Purchase Intentions, and purchase
decision. Based on the findings, eating house Kimbap Rina innovations are
recommended for the consumers feel like they are not just Korean fans who have
become food consumers, but also pay attention to consumer convenience when
traveling. With this study, it gives factors for the study of the current researchers
to be feasible for considering convenience to consumers when eating the products.

Research Methodology

The researchers applied market research methodology to gather information


related to the study. Marketing research methodology is the process of
determining whether a new product or service is viable by the use of qualitative
and quantitative research to improve decision-making and develop strategies in a
feasibility study. This includes the use of surveys in gathering the data needed
(Twin 2021). The proponents created survey questionnaires through google form.
The questionnaire consists of question regarding the information needed to
support the study such us the willingness of the target market to try the business
product.

FT-CRD-119-00 | STI College <School Name> 20


THE MARKETING ASPECT

Objectives of the Marketing Aspect

This presents a detailed list of objectives relating to the internal and external
environment of the business, demand and supply conditions, target market,
product, price, place, and promotions strategy, etc.

 Objective 1;

 Objective 2;

 Objective 3.

In the succeeding paragraphs, there should be no indentations, paragraphs are


justified with left alignment. Delete this highlighted section and replace it with
your own objectives.

Industry Analysis

a. Business Location Analysis (detailing reasons for choosing your location)

b. Opportunity and Threat Analysis (detailing how to maximize identified


opportunities and minimize threats)

Environmental Analysis

It presents the influences of the environmental forces below on the demand and
supply of the proposed product/service.

a. Demographic Environment

b. Economic Environment

c. Natural Environment

FT-CRD-119-00 | STI College <School Name> 21


d. Technological Environment

e. Political Environment

f. Legal Environment

Market Analysis

It analyzes a potential market for the proposed product/service using the demand
and supply quantum. Using the result of your research instrument (survey
questionnaires, interview, etc.), the demand and supply quantum can be computed
by deducting the annual supply of the product/service from the annual demand.

See sample computations below:

Demand Conditions:
Household population in Cainta 110,721
Population who are not qualified as consumers (7%) 7,75O
Net Potential Market 102,971
Multiply: Average amount spent of buyers P 100
Monthly spending P 10,297,100
Multiply: Annual buying frequency 15
Annual spending P154, 456,500
Divide: Proposed average price P 28.50
Annual Demand 5,419,526 units

Supply Conditions:
Estimated Monthly Sales P 180,000
Multiply: Months in a year 12
Annual Sales P 2,160,000
Multiply: Number of competitors in the same location 13
Annual supply in pesos P 28,080,000
Divide: Average price of products based on survey of 30
supplier’s opinion
Annual Supply 936,000 units

Measurement of Demand and Supply Quantum:


Annual demand 5,419,526
Less: Annual supply 936,000

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Measurement of Demand and Supply Quantum:
Demand and supply gap 4,483,526 units

Sample Interpretation: Based on the demand and supply quantum, it is clear that
the market is not yet fully served based on the remaining demand of 4,483,526
units. Therefore, the proposed business has potential market feasibility since there
are still many unsatisfied demands.

The Marketing Program

a. Proposed Target Market – The group of potential customers to whom a


company wants to sell its products and services.

b. Product Strategy – It describes/illustrates the product's appearance, shape,


color, and features, which covers the label, package, brand, and trademark
of the product and/or service. Also, a discussion of the benefits and unique
characteristics of the product and/or service must be included in this part.

c. Price strategy – It determines the demand for the product to the market.
Internal and external factors must be considered in setting the demand price
for the product. Internal factors involve manufacturing cost, while external
factors involve market demand and competition.

d. Place Strategy – It describes/presents the route of the product from the


producer to the retailer and the consumers or end-users. Product
distribution is important in a business to consistently make the product
available to the market. An illustration depicting the place strategy is
required on this part.

e. Promotions Strategy – It comprises strategies to inform, persuade, or


remind consumers of the proposed product and/or service. This is often
used to influence opinions and elicit responses from the market. Some
common techniques or a combination of techniques that the researchers can

FT-CRD-119-00 | STI College <School Name> 23


consider are advertising, personal selling, sales promotion, public relations,
social media, and e-commerce, among many others. This may also include
illustrations of flyers and tarpaulins used to market the proposed
product/service.

Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of Data

This is a comprehensive presentation of data gathered from


research/interviews/surveys. Through interviews/surveys, the researchers may
identify their target market’s preference on a particular product and/or service and
consumers’ willingness to buy a new product and/or service. Thus,
survey/interview results reflect market demand and can be used as a basis in
choosing/changing the target market and setting the product, price, place, and
promotions strategies.

Some relevant points for interview/survey are as follows: respondents’ age


bracket, gender, occupation, product/service preference, factors that affect buying
decisions, willingness to purchase the proposed product and/or service. For
interviews/surveys, the researchers are encouraged to set a sample size with a
minimum of 50 respondents and a maximum of 100 respondents.

In rare circumstances that the conduct of surveys/interviews is not possible, the


researchers may simply base or benchmark their product, price, place, and
promotions strategies on practices of existing enterprises that offer similar
products and/or services.

Present the gathered data in tables and graphs with comprehensive interpretation
and analysis. See the example below.

FT-CRD-119-00 | STI College <School Name> 24


Choices Frequency Percentage 7.33%

Yes 417 92.67


Yes
No
No 33 7.33 92.67%

Total 450 100


Table 1. Willingness of the Respondents to Buy Figure 1. Willingness of the Respondents to Buy

Table 1 and Figure 1 show that majority of the respondents are willing to buy the
proposed product. 92.67 percent of the respondents answered “yes” while 7.33 percent
of the sample answered “no”. This means that the possibility of the business to operate
and generate sales would be feasible.

FT-CRD-119-00 | STI College <School Name> 25


THE MANAGEMENT ASPECT

Objectives of the Management Aspect

This presents a detailed list of objectives relating to the project originators of the
proposed business, schedule of activities, the form of business ownership,
organizational structure, proposed compensation scheme, etc.

 Objective 1;

 Objective 2;

 Objective 3.

In the succeeding paragraphs, there should be no indentations, paragraphs are


justified with left alignment. Delete this highlighted section and replace it with
your own objectives.

Pre – operating Period

It details the activities before the actual operation of the plant. It also includes a
discussion of the necessary pre-operating requirements of the business.

Project Originators/ Promoters/ Managers

a. Business Proponents (with their initial capital investment)

b. Management (with their classifications [i.e., general or capitalist partner]


and their participation in management [i.e., general manager])

Project Schedule

The lists of activities and time allotment for each activity from the conduct of the
feasibility study to the start of the actual business operations.

FT-CRD-119-00 | STI College <School Name> 26


Operating Period

The schedule of operations in a week.

Form of Business Ownership

It details the business ownership of the proposed venture.

Internal Organization

a. Manpower requirements/ Job analysis (different positions, the number of


employees required in each position, and the job descriptions and specifications of
the manpower)

b. Organizational Chart

FT-CRD-119-00 | STI College <School Name> 27


THE OPERATIONAL ASPECT

Objectives of the Operational Aspect

This presents a detailed list of objectives relating to the technical specifications of


the proposed product/service, raw materials needed in production, manufacturing
process, machinery and equipment required, plant location and design, office and
production area, etc.

 Objective 1;

 Objective 2;

 Objective 3.

In the succeeding paragraphs, there should be no indentations, paragraphs are


justified with left alignment. Delete this highlighted section and replace it with
your own objectives.

Product/Service Specifications

It details the technical requirements of the proposed product and/or service.

Raw Materials

A list of direct and indirect raw materials used in the production process must be
presented in this part. Corresponding quantity and prices needed to produce a
single product or deliver a unit of service must also be presented.

Production Process/Service Delivery

A flow chart that presents the manufacturing process of the product or the
delivery of service to the consumers. A detailed step-by-step procedure presenting
product manufacturing/service delivery with corresponding photos and

FT-CRD-119-00 | STI College <School Name> 28


descriptions must be included.

Building and Facilities

A complete illustration and discussion pertaining to the provision of space in the


facility must be included in this part.

Machinery and Equipment

A comprehensive list of factory equipment, including furniture and fixtures. Each


item must be presented with its required specifications, quantity needed, and
estimated prices.

Labor Requirements for Production

The schedule of labor required to sustain monthly operations. Personnel must be


classified as direct and indirect laborers with corresponding gross earnings per
person.

Office and Plant Location

This section includes business address and amount rental for lease or capital
investment if the facility will be purchased.

Production Schedule

It presents the target number/quantity of products and/or services that the


proposed business should produce in a span of a day, month, and year.

Utilities and Waste Disposal

This section covers the estimated amount of annual utility expense (electricity,
water, telephone, internet, etc.). The waste disposal plan must also be discussed in
this part.

Unit Production Cost

FT-CRD-119-00 | STI College <School Name> 29


This presents the cost of raw materials and labor needed to produce/deliver a unit
of product/service.

THE FINANCIAL ASPECT

Objectives of the Financial Aspect

This presents a detailed list of objectives relating to assumptions for projected


financial statements, project capital investment, sources of capital, financial
projections, and ratio analysis, etc.

 Objective 1;

 Objective 2;

 Objective 3.

In the succeeding paragraphs, there should be no indentations, paragraphs are


justified with left alignment. Delete this highlighted section and replace it with
your own objectives.

Statement of Assumptions

This detail the amount of initial capital investment; date of the fiscal year;
operating days per annum; percentage of annual production that will be sold; rent
expenses; salaries and wages; additional expenses for 13th-month pay, SSS,
PhilHealth, and Pag-Ibig contributions; depreciation method for fixed assets;
utility expenses; supplies and indirect materials expense; and the cost of sales.

The cost of sales presents the total annual production units of the product and/or
service. This can be derived by listing the daily production output (derived from
production schedule) of the proposed business multiplied by the number of
workers, multiplied by the number of workdays in a week, multiplied by the

FT-CRD-119-00 | STI College <School Name> 30


number of weeks in a month, then in a year.

A sample is presented below:

Daily production output 2,400


Multiply: No. of Workers 3
Total daily production units 7,200
Multiply: No. of working days in a week 6
Total weekly production units 43,200
Multiply: No. of weeks in a month 4
Total monthly production units 172,800
Multiply: No. of months in a year 12
Total annual production units 2,073,600 pcs

Statement of Assumptions

It presents the estimated expenditures of the firm in building and site facilities,
machinery and equipment, furniture and fixture, salaries and wages, among
others. A brief narrative specifying the basis of the assigned cost/amount for each
area must be included.

A sample is presented below:

Expenditures Estimated Amount


Building and site facilities P10,000
Machinery and equipment 54,500
Furniture and Fixture 50,530
Salaries and Wages 200,000
Registration, taxes and licenses 10,000
Training and Development 10,000
Direct Materials 150,000
Direct Labor 255,500
Factory Overhead 150,000
Advance Expenditures 10,000
Contingency Fund 50,000
Working Capital requirements 50,000
Total Project Capital Investment Php 1,000,000.00

FT-CRD-119-00 | STI College <School Name> 31


Sources of Capital

This indicates the source of the initial capital investment (i.e., a partnership
business must present the classifications of each partner [general, capitalist] along
with their capital contribution [if the source of capital is through own funding or
savings]).

Financial Analysis [see Feasibility Study Guide (Financial Aspect).xlsx for full details]

a. Five (5)-year Projected Statement of Comprehensive Income

b. Five (5)-year Projected Cash Flow Statement

c. Five (5)-year Projected Statement of Financial Position

d. Ratio Analysis (liquidity, solvency, activity, and profitability ratios)

e. Comparison of the results of the ratio analysis to industry averages

FT-CRD-119-00 | STI College <School Name> 32


Projected Statement of Comprehensive Income

ABC Partnership
Projected Statement of Comprehensive Income
for the period ending December 31, 201A - 201E

201A 201B 201C 201D 201E


Sales 4,000,000.00 4,080,000.00 4,161,600.00 4,244,832.00 4,329,728.64
Less: Cost of Sales 999,747.01 1,021,341.95 1,041,768.79 1,062,604.16 1,083,856.25
Gross Profit 3,000,252.99 3,058,658.05 3,119,831.21 3,182,227.84 3,245,872.39
Less: Operating Expenses
Salaries and wages 624,000 636,480 649,209.60 662,193.79 675,437.67
13th month pay 52,000 53,040 54,100.80 55,182.82 56,286.48
SSS, Phil heath and Pag-ibig 22,350.00 22,797.00 23,252.94 23,718.00 24,192.36
Taxes and licenses 7,500.00 7,650.00 7,803.00 7,959.06 8,118.24
Rent 120,000.00 122,400.00 178,282.94 127,344.96 129,891.86
Utilities 168,000.00 171,360.00 174,787.20 178,282.94 181,848.60
Advertising 40,000.00 40,800.00 41,616.00 42,448.32 43,297.29
Depreciation 10,450.00 10,659.00 10,872.18 11,089.62 11,311.42
Total 1,044,300 1,065,186 1,086,489.72 1,108,219.51 1,130,383.92
Net income before taxes 1,955,952.99 1,993,472.05 2,033,341.49 2,074,008.33 2,115,488.47
Income Taxes 586,785.90 598,041.62 610,000.45 622,202.50 634,646.54
Net income after taxes 1,369,167.09 1,395,430.43 1,423,341.04 1,451,805.83 1,480,841.93

FT-ARA-020-00 | STI College <School Name> 33


Projected Cash Flow Statement

ABC Partnership
Projected Cash Flow Statement
As of December 31, 201A - 201E

201A 201B 201C 201D 201E


Cash Balance Beginning 0 1,323,650.00 1,350,123.00 1,377,125.46 1,404,667.97
Add Receipts
1,000,000.00 1,020,000.00 1,040,400.00 1,061,208.00 1,082,432.16
Initial Investment
Sales 4,000,000.00 4,080,000.00 4,161,600.00 4,244,832.00 4,329,728.64
Total cash available 5,000,000.00 5,100,000.00 5,202,000.00 5,306,040.00 5,412,160.80
Less: Payments
Purchase of Assets 104,500.00 106,590.00 108,721.80 110,896.24 113,114.16
Purchase of raw materials 500,000.00 510,000.00 520,200.00 530,604.00 541,216.08
Payment of direct labor 450,000 459,000 468,180 477,543.60 487,094.47
Payment of Factory overhead 583,400 595,068 606,969.36 619,108.75 631,490.92
Income Tax 586,785.90 598,041.62 610,000.45 622,202.50 634,646.54

Operating Expense 1,044,300 1,065,186 1,086,489.72 1,108,219.51 1,130,383.92


3,268,985.90 3,333,885.62 3,400,561.33 3,468,574.60 3,537,946.09
1,731,014.10 1,766,114.38 1,801,438.67 1,837,465.40 1,874,214.71

FT-ARA-020-00 | STI College <School Name> 34


Projected Statement of Financial Position

ABC Partnership
Projected Statement of Financial Position
As of December 31, 201A - 201E

201A 201B 201C 201D 201E


Current Assets:
Cash 1,731,014.10 1,766,114.38 1,801,438.67 1,837,465.40 1,874,214.71
Finished Goods end 199,971.89 202,371.33 206,418.76 210,547.14 214,758.08
Work -in process end 133,302.10 135,968.14 138,687.50 141,461.25 144,290.48
Raw materials end 50,000.00 51,000.00 52,020.00 53,060.40 54,121.61
Total current assets 2,114,288.09 2,155,453.85 2,198,564.93 2,242,534.19 2,287,384.88

Non-current assets:
Furnitures and Fixtures 50,530.00 45,477.00 40,923.30 36,830.37 33,147.33
Less: Accumulated Depreciation 5,053.00 4,547.70 4,092.93 3,683.04 3,314.73
Book Value 45,477.00 40,929.30 36,830.37 33,147.33 29,832.60
Machineries and Equipment 54,500.00 49,050.00 44,145.00 39,730.50 35,757.45
Less: Accumulated Depreciation 5,450.00 4,905.00 4,414.50 3,973.05 3,575.75
Book Value 49,050.00 44,145.00 39,730.50 35,757.45 32,181.71
Total non current assets 94,527.00 85,074.30 76,560.87 68,904.78 62,014.31
TOTAL ASSETS 2,208,815.09 2,070,379.55 2,275,125.80 2,311,438.97 2,349,399.19

Current Liabilities:
Income Tax Payable 586,785.90 598,041.62 610,000.45 622,202.50 634,646.54

FT-ARA-020-00 | STI College <School Name> 35


Partner's Equity:
Beginning 1,000,000.00 1,020,000.00 1,040,400.00 1,061,208.00 1,082,432.16
Add Net income 1,369,167.09 1,395,430.43 1,423,341.04 1,451,805.83 1,480,841.93
Total 2,369,167.09 2,415,430.43 2,463,741.04 2,513,013.83 2,563,274.09
Less: Drawing 747,137.90 943,092.50 798,615.69 823,777.36 848,521.44
Partner's Equity end 1,622,029.19 1,472,337.93 1,665,125.35 1,689,236.47 1,714,752.66
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY 2,208,815.09 2,070,379.55 2,275,125.80 2,311,438.97 2,349,399.19

FT-ARA-020-00 | STI College <School Name> 36


THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECT

Objectives of the Socio-Economic Aspect

This presents a detailed list of objectives relating to persons and entities that will
benefit from the proposed business, social benefits of the venture, and the
undertaking's social responsibilities and economic implications.

 Objective 1;

 Objective 2;

 Objective 3.

In the succeeding paragraphs, there should be no indentations, paragraphs are


justified with left alignment. Delete this highlighted section and replace it with
your own objectives.

Social Implications

It describes the social responsibility of the proposed business. This part may focus
on the social benefits that can be derived from the proposed business.

Economic Implications

It presents the possible contributions of the proposed business to the economy and
the local community where it operates.

FT-ARA-020-00 | STI College <School Name> 37


SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary of Findings

This includes a summary of all the aspects of the business plan. It synthesizes the
five (5) aspects of the study to prove the viability of the proposed product and/or
service.

Conclusions

The conclusion part must provide answers to the given statement of the problem
involving marketing, management, technical, financial, and socio-economic
aspects of the business.

Recommendations

The recommendation part may highlight suggestions/courses of action for existing


firms that succeed/failed in similar undertakings (as compiled under the review of
related literature section). This may include recommended strategies relating to
the five (5) business aspects. This part may also provide recommendations for
future researchers/students who would simulate or study the viability of a similar
business undertaking.

FT-ARA-020-00 | STI College <School Name> 38


FT-ARA-020-00 | STI College <School Name> 39
BIBLIOGRAPHY

Your reference list should appear at the end of the paper. It provides the information
necessary for a reader to locate and retrieve any source cited in the body of the paper.
Each source cited in the paper must appear in the bibliography; likewise, each entry in the
reference list must be cited in the text. The references should begin on a new page
separate from the text of the manuscript; label this page BIBLIOGRAPHY centered at
the top of the page (bold, but do not underline or use quotation marks). All text should be
double-spaced just like the rest of the text.

Basic Rules

 All lines after the first line of each entry in your reference list should be indented
one-half inch from the left margin. This is called hanging indentation.

 Authors' names are inverted (last name first); give the last name and initials for all
authors of a particular work unless the work has more than six authors. If the
work has more than six authors, list the first six authors and then use et al. after
the sixth author's name to indicate the rest of the authors.

 Reference list entries should be alphabetized by the last name of the first author of
each work.

 If you have more than one article by the same author, single-author references or
multiple-author references with the exact same authors in the exact same order are
listed in order by the year of publication, starting with the earliest.

 When referring to any work that is NOT a journal, such as a book, article, or Web
page, capitalize only the first letter of the first word of a title and subtitle, the first
word after a colon or a dash in the title, and proper nouns. Do not capitalize the
first letter of the second word in a hyphenated compound word.

 Capitalize all major words in journal titles.

 Italicize titles of longer works such as books and journals.

 Do not italicize, underline, or put quotes around the titles of shorter works such as
journal articles or essays in edited collections.

FT-ARA-020-00 | STI College <School Name> 40


The following rules for handling works by a single author or multiple authors apply to all
references in your reference list, regardless of the type of work (book, article, electronic
resource, etc.)

Single Author: Last name first, followed by author initials.

Example:

Berndt, T. J. (2002). Friendship quality and social development. Current Directions


in Psychological Science, 11, 7-10

Two Authors: List by their last names and initials. Use the ampersand (&) instead of
"and."

Example:

Wegener, D. T., & Petty, R. E. (1994). Mood management across affective states: The
hedonic contingency hypothesis. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 66,
1034-1048.

Three to Six Authors: List by last names and initials; commas separate author names,
while the last author name is preceded again by ampersand.

Example:

Kernis, M. H., Cornell, D. P., Sun, C. R., Berry, A., & Harlow, T. (1993). There's more
to self-esteem than whether it is high or low: The importance of stability of self-
esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65, 1190-1204.

More Than Six Authors: If there are more than six authors, list the first six as above and
then "et al.," which stands for "and others." Remember not to place a period after "et" in
"et al."

Example:

Harris, M., Karper, E., Stacks, G., Hoffman, D., DeNiro, R., Cruz, P., et al. (2001).
Writing labs and the Hollywood connection. Journal of Film and Writing, 44(3),
213-245. Organization as Author: Name of Organization. (year)

Example:

American Psychological Association. (2003).

FT-ARA-020-00 | STI College <School Name> 41


Unknown Author:

Example:

Merriam-Webster's collegiate dictionary (10th ed.).(1993). Springfield, MA: Merriam-


Webster.

NOTE: When your essay includes parenthetical citations of sources with no author
named, use a shortened version of the source's title instead of an author's name. Use
quotation marks and italics as appropriate. For example, parenthetical citations of the two
sources above would appear as follows: (Merriam-Webster's, 1993) and ("New Drug,"
1993).

Two or More Works by the Same Author: Use the author's name for all entries and list
the entries by the year (earliest comes first).

Example:

Berndt, T.J. (1981).; Berndt, T.J. (1999).

When an author appears both as a sole author and, in another citation, as the first author
of a group, list the one-author entries first.

Example:

Berndt, T. J. (1999). Friends' influence on students' adjustment to school. Educational


Psychologist, 34, 15-28. Berndt, T. J., & Keefe, K. (1995). Friends' influence on
adolescents' adjustment to school. Child Development, 66, 1312-1329.

References that have the same first author and different second and/or third authors are
arranged alphabetically by the last name of the second author, or the last name of the
third if the first and second authors are the same.

Example:

Wegener, D. T., Kerr, N. L., Fleming, M. A., & Petty, R. E. (2000). Flexible corrections
of juror judgments: Implications for jury instructions. Psychology, Public Policy,
& Law, 6, 629-654.

Wegener, D. T., Petty, R. E., & Klein, D. J. (1994). Effects of mood on high elaboration
attitude change: The mediating role of likelihood judgments. European Journal of
Social Psychology, 24, 25-43.

FT-ARA-020-00 | STI College <School Name> 42


Two or More Works by the Same Author in the Same Year: If you are using more than
one reference by the same author (or the same group of authors listed in the same order)
published in the same year, organize them in the reference list alphabetically by the title
of the article or chapter. Then assign letter suffixes to the year. Refer to these sources in
your essay as they appear in your reference list, e.g.: "Berdnt (1981a) makes similar
claims..."

Example:

Berndt, T. J. (1981a). Age changes and changes over time in prosocial intentions and
behavior between friends. Developmental Psychology, 17, 408-416.

Berndt, T. J. (1981b). Effects of friendship on prosocial intentions and behavior. Child


Development, 52, 636-643.

Article in Journal Paginated by Volume: Journals that are paginated by volume begin
with page one in issue one, and continue numbering issue two where issue one ended, etc.

Example:

Harlow, H. F. (1983). Fundamentals for preparing psychology journal articles. Journal


of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 55, 893-896.

Article in Journal Paginated by Issue: Journals paginated by issue begin with page one
every issue; therefore, the issue number gets indicated in parentheses after the volume.
The parentheses and issue number are not italicized or underlined.

Example:

Scruton, R. (1996). The eclipse of listening. The New Criterion, 15(30), 5-13.

Article in a Magazine

Example:

Henry, W. A., III. (1990, April 9). Making the grade in today's schools. Time, 135, 28-
31.

Article in a Newspaper: Unlike other periodicals, p. or pp. precedes page numbers for a
newspaper reference in APA style. Single pages take p., e.g., p. B2; multiple pages take
pp., e.g., pp. B2, B4 or pp. C1, C3-C4.

FT-ARA-020-00 | STI College <School Name> 43


Example:

Schultz, S. (2005, December 28). Calls made to strengthen state energy policies. The
Country Today, pp. 1A, 2A.

Note: Because of issues with html coding, the listings below using brackets contain
spaces that are not to be used with your listings. Use a space as normal before the
brackets, but do not include a space following the bracket.

A Translation

Example:

Laplace, P. S. (1951). A philosophical essay on probabilities. (F. W. Truscott & F. L.


Emory, Trans.). New York: Dover. (Original work published 1814).

Note: When you cite a republished work, like the one above, work in your text, it should
appear with both dates: Laplace (1814/1951).

Edition Other Than the First

Example:

Helfer, M. E., Keme, R. S., & Drugman, R. D. (1997). The battered child (5th ed.).
Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Article or Chapter in an Edited Book: When you list the pages of the chapter or essay in
parentheses after the book title, use "pp." before the numbers: (pp. 1-21). This
abbreviation, however, does not appear before the page numbers in periodical references,
except for newspapers.

Example:

O'Neil, J. M., & Egan, J. (1992). Men's and women's gender role journeys: Metaphor for
healing, transition, and transformation. In B. R. Wainrib (Ed.), Gender issues across the
life cycle (pp. 107-123). New York: Springer.

Government Document

Example:

FT-ARA-020-00 | STI College <School Name> 44


National Institute of Mental Health. (1990). Clinical training in serious mental illness
(DHHS Publication No. ADM 90-1679). Washington, DC: U.S. Government
Printing Office.

Report From a Private Organization

Example:

American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Practice guidelines for the treatment of


patients with eating disorders (2nd ed.). Washington, D.C.: Author.

Conference Proceedings

Example:

Schnase, J.L., & Cunnius, E.L. (Eds.). (1995). Proceedings from CSCL '95: The
First International Conference on Computer Support for Collaborative
Learning. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

Electronic Sources- Article From an Online Periodical: Online articles follow the same
guidelines for printed articles. Include all information the online host makes available,
including an issue number in parentheses.

Example:

Bernstein, M. (2002). 10 tips on writing the living Web. A List Apart: For People Who
Make Websites, 149. Retrieved from
http://www.alistapart.com/articles/writeliving

Newspaper Article

Example:

Parker-Pope, T. (2008, May 6). Psychiatry handbook linked to drug industry. The New
York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com

Online Lecture Notes and Presentation Slides: When citing online lecture notes, be sure
to provide the file format in brackets after the lecture title (e.g. PowerPoint slides, Word
document).

Example:

FT-ARA-020-00 | STI College <School Name> 45


Roberts, K. F. (1998). Federal regulations of chemicals in the environment
[PowerPoint slides]. Retrieved from http://siri.uvm.edu/ppt/40hrenv/index.html

FT-ARA-020-00 | STI College <School Name> 46

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