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Week 2 Force and Force Systems

1. The document defines force and force systems, their characteristics, and how to resolve forces into components. 2. It describes different types of force systems including coplanar, non-coplanar, concurrent, parallel, and non-concurrent systems. 3. Procedures are provided for determining the resultant of coplanar concurrent force systems using vector addition.

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Percy Cy
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45 views27 pages

Week 2 Force and Force Systems

1. The document defines force and force systems, their characteristics, and how to resolve forces into components. 2. It describes different types of force systems including coplanar, non-coplanar, concurrent, parallel, and non-concurrent systems. 3. Procedures are provided for determining the resultant of coplanar concurrent force systems using vector addition.

Uploaded by

Percy Cy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FORCE and FORCE

SYSTEMS
2

GE 213 Engineering Mechanics


At the end of these topics, the learners will be able to:

1. Define force and force system and describe their


characteristics.
2. Solve the resultants of a single force and the different types
of force systems.
3. Construct a free-body-diagram of an object or a system of
connected objects.

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Force

A force is the cause of change in the state of motion of a particle or


body. It is the product of the mass of the particle and its
acceleration. Force is the manifestation of action of one partcle on
the other. It is a push or a pull that one body exerts on another. It is a
vector quantity.
External forces are those actions of other bodies on a rigid body
while those forces that hold together parts of a rigid body are called
internal forces.
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Force

Characteristics of a Force
1. Magnitude
2. Direction
3. Point of Application
4. Line of Action

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Force

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Force

Components of a Force:
Forces acting at some angle from the coordinate axes can be
resolved into mutually perpendicular forces called components.
The component of the force parallel to the x-axis is the
x-component while the one parallel to the y-axis is called the
y-component.

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Force

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components of a force

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System of Forces

System of forces is a collection of forces acting on an object


simultaneously.
Types of system of forces:
1. Coplanar
2. Non-coplanar

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System of Forces
1. Coplanar force system- is when the lines of action of a set of forces
acting on a body lie in the same plane as the body.
Types of Coplanar Force System:
a. Collinear coplanar force ystem
b. Concurrent coplanar
c. Parallel coplanar
d. Non-concurrent coplanar force system

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Force Systems
2, Non-coplanar Force System-is when the line of action of all the
forces do not lie in one plane.
Types of non-coplanar force system:
a. concurrent non-coplanar force system
b. parallel non-coplanar
c. non-concurrent non-coplanar force system

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Force Systems
Definitions:
Coplanar- same plane
Collinear force system-when the lines of action of a force system act along
the same line.
Parallel force system- are forces parallel to each other.
Concurrent force system-when forces pass through a single point (when
extended). that point is called the point of concurrency.

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Force Systems

Definitions:
Non- Coplanar Force System-when the line of action of all forces do
not lie in one plane.
Non-concurrent force system-when the forces of a system do not
meet at a common point of concurrency. Parallel forces are
examples o this type of force system. Non-concurrent forces may
be coplanar or non-coplanar.
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Force Systems

Coplanar and concurrent force system- is when all the forces lie in a
single plane and meet at one point. Example: forces acting at a joint
of a roof truss
Coplanar and Non-concurrent force system- is when forces do not
meet at a common point ; however, they lie in a single plane. Ex.
forces acting on a beam

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Force Systems

Non-coplanar and concurrent force system- is when forces lie in


different planes but pass through a single point. Ex. forces acting at
the top end of an electrical pole.
Non-coplanar and non-concurrent force system-is when forces do
not lie in a single plan and do not pass through a single point. Ex.
loads transferred through columns to the rectangular mat
foundation

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Force Systems

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Resultants of Force Systems

Steps in determining the resultant of Coplanar Concurrent Force


Systems:

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resultant of a force system

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Activity:

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