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Code of Citizenship and Ethics

On August 19 1939 a Code of Citizenship and Ethics was promulgated by President Quezon
through executive order No. 217

Citizenship - It is a term denoting the membership of a citizen in a political society.

Faith And Religiosity it is the Filipinos having a deep faith in God. Our Innate religiosity
enables us to comprehend and to genuinely accept Reality in the context of God’s will plan.

Pakikipagkapwa Tao it talks about Justice, fairness and concern for Others.

Suffrage is one of the most important political rights a appertaining to citizenship. It is a

public and social duty which should not be neglected.

Frugality means bodily health and conservation of Wealth and energy.

Law and order is the foundation stone of all governments.

Social Justice is the human sympathy and concern for the welfare of others.

The Sign of respect and gesture tendered to the departed comrade in arms, This custom’s
originates from the European dynastic wars in which the fighting ceased so that the dead
wounded could be removed.

Military Customs and Tradition

Traditions - are inherited principles, standards and practices that serve as the
established guides for an individual or group. Traditions are accumulated experiences and
deeds passed on from generation to generation both in memory and reality.

Customs - are accepted practices realized through continued usage that take the force
and effect of a Common Law.

Traditions of Valor - The Filipino soldier has epitomized valor during his gallant defense
at Bataan and Corregidor against the Japanese Forces. The late General Douglas Macarthur
paid tribute to Filipino Soldiery when he proclaimed. “Give me 10,000 Filipino soldier and I’ll
conquer the world”.

Tradition of Duty - The Filipino soldier has exemplified himself throughout history as a
dedicated public servant who performed his tasks with a deep sense of responsibility and self-
sacrifice. H has made himself a distinct professional by devoting 24 hours a day to his job
whenever the situation demanded.

Tradition of Honor - The founding fathers of the AFP as well the nation have
courageously demonstrated even in most difficult times the value of honor by leading a life in
peace or war with personal dignity and self-worth. In history, they were known for having
treasured honor more than life itself when they consistently offered the supreme sacrifice to

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win their freedom and keep it by refusing to yield to the glitter of gold offered by their former
colonizers.

Tradition of Solidarity - Unity is the strongest, most enduring and powerful military
tradition. It is distinction enjoyed by every member of the AFP, who through thick and thin
worked together, and in the process, nourished pride and feeling of belonging to the
organization. It is the hidden ingredient that bound him in oneness to the people he served.
In every endeavor that the Filipino soldier had undertaken, he always worked as part of the
team, an ally in the accomplishment of the mission, and an indispensable partner of the people
whose support he treasured as vital in the attainment of national objectives.

Tradition of Loyalty - The Filipino soldier has traditionally held the respect of the nation
by shedding much blood and offering the supreme sacrifice in defense of the country. He has
consistently given his loyalty tot he nation, the Constitution, and also to his seniors, his peers
and his juniors.

III. Military Customs: The following are some of the significant customs in the AFP.

Salute - Men of arms have used some form of military salute as an exchange of
greeting since the earliest times. It has been preserved and its use continued in all modern
armed forces, which inherited their military traditions from the Age of Chivalry. The method of
rendering the salute has varied through the ages, as it still varies in form among the armed
forces for today. Whatever the form it has taken it has always pertained to military men, and
its use definitely restricted to those in good standing. In the Navy, saluting with the left hand
is allowed when the right hand is occupied with something or not available for the execution
of the same

Flag Raising Ceremony - The Philippine Flag symbolizes our country and people. The
Filipino Soldier honors the Flag by raising it with the troops singing the National Anthem and
to the accompaniment of the band before the start of the official day’s work to pledge that all
his efforts for the day is dedicated to his country and people.

The Retreat Ceremony - In our service, it is known to have been in use during the early
days of the American occupation. The sounds of the evening gun during a combined
ceremonial parade and retreat ceremony constitute one of the most inspiring custom of the
service. Military personnel in camps of garrisons pause for a moment either to salute to the
Nation’s Flag or sing the National Anthem.

The Three Volleys Over Graves - This is a sign of respect and gesture of farewell
tendered to a departed comrade-in-arms. IN the older days, they did it by throwing or casting
earth three (3) times upon the grave, calling the name of the dead and saying “Farewell” three
times.

The White Flag of Truce - A worldwide custom used to signal the temporary cessation
of hostilities between warring parties.

The Wearing of Decoration - Military personnel who honorably earned decorations in

the performance of duty, displays them as part of the uniform during appropriate occasions.

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. New Year’s Call on the Commanding Officer - It has been an invariable custom
throughout the AFP that officers make a formal call upon their Commander during New Year’s
Day.

Happy Hour - This is a special form of unit officer comradeship which had been
developing and spreading in recent years. When this is directed, officers gather at their local
club for a beer and conversation. Usually held on Fridays, the growing customs calls for a
light hearted jesting about the events of the week, or airing a minor gripe, and blowing off a
little steam, it may also be a time to slip in a judicious request for a pass or event to inquire
about taking a leave. Behavior and activities conform strictly to the moral and ethical
standards set forth in this Code.

Military Weddings - These customs are generally the same for all faiths. They vary
only as chaplains of the different churches incorporate other procedures to add to their color
and tone.

AFP Core Values

Code of Conduct of a Filipino Soldier - a reformed highly motivated professionalized and

disciplined AFP, this conduct aims to gain the trust, confidence, and respect of the people.

AFP Core Philosophy - is a set of values and standards of conduct that guides an individual
soldier live his life, perform his duties and strengthen his commitment to the service.

Soldier – a person who is in military

AFP Core Values

1. Honor is the Military crowning value, the hallmark of military conduct, the nature of
the soldier's awareness of individual dignity and self-worth. Honor makes a man
courteous, loyal, and true. It is also what prompts a man to strive for all that is noble,
true, and lofty, in word and in deed.

2. Love of the country is the dominant nature of an army soldier to love his country.

3. Loyalty defends soldiers against unfair treatment. It underlies the soldier's Oath of
Service.

4. Valor streams normally from one's affection for the nation. It is the capacity to
conquer fear in doing one's objective.

5. Duty is service plain and simple. Actual duty means being always ready. Duty means
satisfying your commitment.

6. Solidarity is fellowship at the visible level and internally being adjusted to the
Philippine Army's goals, vision and programs for reform.

Discipline it is equally vital to preservation of life as much as to the success of military

operations and demands unconditional compliance as its foremost aspect.

Professionalism in the military career it stands for commitment, knowledge and skills with the
required discipline and competence.

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Adherence to Law in the military career it stands for commitment, knowledge and skills with
the required discipline and competence.

Rules of Law

Human Rights are moral principles or norms that describe certain standards of human
behavior. The fundamental rights of all human being regardless of their age, ethnic origin,
location, language, religion, ethnicity, or any other status.

Bill Of Rights may be defined as a declaration and enumeration of a person’s rights and
privileges which the Constitution is designed to protect against violations by the government,
or by an individual or groups of individuals.

Section 1. No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law,
nor shall any person be denied the equal protection of the laws.
Section 2. The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects
against unreasonable searches and seizures.
Section 3. The privacy of communication and correspondence shall be inviolable except
upon lawful order of the court, or when public safety or order requires otherwise, as
prescribed by law.
Section 4. No law shall be passed abridging the freedom of speech, of expression, or of the
press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble and petition the government for
redress of grievances.
Section 5. No law shall be made respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the
free exercise thereof. The free exercise and enjoyment of religious profession and worship,
without discrimination or preference, shall forever be allowed
Section 6. The liberty of abode and of changing the same within the limits prescribed by law
shall not be impaired except upon lawful order of the court.
Section 7. The right of the people to information on matters of public concern shall be
recognized.
Section 8. The right of the people, including those employed in the public and private
sectors, to form unions, associations, or societies for purposes not contrary to law shall not
be abridged.
Section 9. Private property shall not be taken for public use without just compensation.
Section 10. No law impairing the obligation of contracts shall be passed.
Section 11. Free access to the courts and quasi-judicial bodies and adequate legal
assistance shall not be denied to any person by reason of poverty.
Section 12. Any person under investigation for the commission of an offense shall have the
right to be informed of his right to remain silent and to have competent and independent
counsel preferably of his own choice.
Section 13. All persons, except those charged with offenses punishable by reclusion
perpetua when evidence of guilt is strong, shall, before conviction, be bailable by sufficient
sureties, or be released on recognizance as may be provided by law.

Section 14. No person shall be held to answer for a criminal offense without due process of
law.
Section 15. The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended except in
cases of invasion or rebellion when the public safety requires it.
Section 16. All persons shall have the right to a speedy disposition of their cases before all
judicial, quasi-judicial, or administrative bodies.
Section 17. No person shall be compelled to be a witness against himself.
Section 18 No person shall be detained solely by reason of his political beliefs and
aspirations
Section 19. Excessive fines shall not be imposed, nor cruel, degrading or inhuman
punishment inflicted. Neither shall the death penalty be imposed, unless, for compelling
reasons involving heinous crimes, the Congress hereafter provides for it.

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Section 20 No person shall be imprisoned for debt or non-payment of a poll tax.

Section 21. No person shall be twice put in jeopardy of punishment for the same offense.

In 1971, after the Plaza Miranda bombing, the Marcos administration, under Ferdinand
Marcos, suspended habeas corpus in an effort to stifle the oncoming insurgency, having
blamed the Filipino Communist Party for the events of August 21. Many considered this to
be a prelude to Martial Law.

In December 2009 under Arroyo Administration, habeas corpus was suspended in

Maguindanao as the province was placed under martial law. This occurred in response to
the Maguindanao massacre.

Proclamation No. 216 was the 2017proclamation of martial law and suspension of
the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus in the whole of Mindanao, issued by Philippine
President Rodrigo Roa Duterte on May 23, 2017.

Drills and Ceremonies

Oblique is an Angle between 0-45 degrees

Alignment is the dressing of several elements upon a straight line.

Loose Pieces Rifles and automatic rifles not used in making stacks

Pace is the 30 inches length of the full step in quick time.

Step is the distance measured from heel to heel between the feet of an individual marching

24 inches is the distance measured from heel to heel between the feet of an individual
marching

Alignment is a straight line upon which several elements or terms are formed. It is the
dressing of several elements upon a straight line.

IED Awareness

Improvise Explosive Device is a bomb constructed and deployed in ways other than in
conventional military action.

Awareness is the state of being conscious of something.

Types of IED
▪ Package Type of IED
▪ Vehicle Borne IED
▪ Suicide Bomber IED
▪ Artillery Based Shell IED

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Land mine is an explosive device concealed under or on the ground and designed to destroy
or disable enemy targets, ranging from combatants to vehicles and tanks, as they pass over
or near it

Anti-Personnel Mines are designed primarily to kill or endure people as opposed to vehicles.

Anti-Tank Mines were created not long after the invention of the tank in the first world war at
first improvised purpose built design were develop.

Booby Traps is a device or setup that is intended to kill harm or surprise a human being or
an animal.

Hygiene and Sanitation

HYGIENE
The science that deals with the health and its prevention and maintenance

PERSONAL HYGIENE
Measure taken by individual to preserve his own health

HEALTH
State of individual who enjoys physical, mental and social well being

IMPORTANCE OF PERSONAL HYGIENE

▪ It protects individual or group against diseases
▪ It promotes sound and positive total health
▪ It improves of even best one’s morale

Exercise – to condition body and wear out unnecessary fats and calories.
Exercise your muscles and joints regularly. Inactivity may do equal damage to your
health as extreme exertion or fatigue.

Healthy Mind – preserve and established a healthy mental attitude and emotional reaction

SANITATION
The science of using measure that prevent diseases and to promote individual health

FIELD SANITATION
The prevention of diseases by eliminating or controlling the factors which may form
links in disease transmission

FACTORS :
Water
Food Supplies
Waste
Insects
Housing

❑ WATER
▪ Prime necessity and one of four basic needs for existence of life
▪ No man can last more than 4 or 5 days without drinking water
▪ Water is utilized as bathing, cooking, washing chemical agents

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IMPURITIES OF WATER CAN BE TREATED BY-

❑ Use of Chloride - powerful germicide
❑ 8-10 drops of Iodine per one (1) gallon of water
❑ Boiling for at least 30 minutes
SOURCES OF WATER
o Surface Water – almost dirty and contaminated except of those running and stream
and spring in which there are residents
o Rainwater – as directly collected from roof
o Underground Water – wells, spring
o Public Water Supplies – government supply and private supply

❑ FOOD SUPPLIES
o Foods are maintained at appropriate temperatures and served within specified time
periods to ensure that the foods are safe to consume
o Make sure foods, drinks, and ice are purchased from civilian vendors approved by
preventive medicine personnel.
o Food service personnel and Soldiers use hand washing devices as appropriate.
o All food waste is transported to an approved disposal site, buried, or burned daily (at
least 30 meters from food preparation area and water sources).

❑ WASTE
o Food must be stored in clean receptacles.
o Garbage, leftovers and other refuse must be disposed at designated dumping areas
or garbage pits, where they may be covered with soil or burned.

❑ INSECTS
o The simplest way to control the increase of these pests is to cut-off their nourishment
by screening heads and messes and by disposing waste properly.
o You must also drain or soil stagnant pools of water to kill the larvae of insects when
in the field.
o Bury empty ration cans and turns split coconut husks upside down to prevent disease
carrying insects and rodents

DISEASES ACQUIRED

❑ RESPIRATORY DISEASES
-transmitted from man to man through oral and nasal discharge of inflected individual
-usually causes by viruses but maybe also be due to bacteria or other organisms

❑ DIARRHEAL ILLNESS
-transmitted by food and water that has become contaminated with feces and urine of other
person/animals
-Food is another major cause of diarrhea when it is prepared or stored in unhygienic
conditions.
-Unsafe domestic water storage and handling is also an important risk factor.

WASTE DISPOSAL

WASTE
A general term covering all types of refuse resulting from the living activities of
human or animals

TYPES OF WASTE
o Human waste (black water): Liquid waste containing human urine, fecal matter and
blood or body fluids.

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o Liquid Waste (Gray Water): Liquid waste containing water used for bathing or liquid
waste from kitchen operation.
o Garbage: Any kind of non-liquid organic materials resulting from food service
operations.
o Rubbish: Waste consisting of non-organic materials such as boxes, cans, paper, or
plastics.

FIELD SANITATION DEVICES USED FOR HUMAN WASTE DISPOSAL

LATRINE
▪A latrine is a toilet or an even simpler facility that is used as a toilet within a sanitation
system

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