FLIGHT EXAM REVIEWER o 08 AUG 1901- “THE PHILIPPINE

CONSTABULARY” WAS ORGANIZED,

1. 1.AFP AND MAJOR SERVICE HISTORY AND KNOWN AS INSULAR POLICE FORCE.
ORGANIZATION
2. 2.AFP CUSTOM AND TRADITION o 07 FEB 1905- “THE PHILIPPINE
3. 3.AFP RESERVIST LAW MILITARY ACADEMY (PMA)” WAS
4. 4.AIR POWER ESTABLISHED.
5. 5.AIRCRAFT RECOGNITION
6. 6.DRILLS AND CEREMONY o 21 DEC 1935- “THE NATIONAL DEFENSE
7. 7.FIRST AIDE ACT” WAS ENACTED OFFICIALLY TO
8. 8.INTERIOR GUARD DUTIES CREATE THE AFP.
9. 9.CMO o THE DEFENSE OF BATAAN AND
A. AFP AND MAJOR SERVICE HISTORY AND CORREGIDOR”
ORGANIZATION FROM THE OUTBREAK OF WORLD WAR
 27 APR 1521- “THE BATTLE OF MACTAN” II UNTIL 09 APR & 06 MAY 1942
RESPECTIVELY AGAINST THE JAPANESE
WHERE LAPU-LAPU, THE ACKNOWLEDGE FATHER OF INVASION
THE AFP, FIRST SIGNALLED OUR LOVE FOR FREEDOM.
• THE AFP HAD PARTICIPATED IN
• 1744- “THE DAGOHOY REVOLT” INTERNATIONAL PEACE KEEPING EFFORTS AS
ITS COMMITMENT TO THE UNITED NATIONS
THE MUSLIM RESISTANCE & OTHER SIMILAR UPRISINGS
SUCH AS: THE PHILIPPINE EXPEDITIONARY
AGAINST SPANISH COLONIALISM WHICH CONTINUE
FORCE TO KOREA (PEFTOK) IN THE EARLY 50’S;
OUR FIGHT AGAINST DOMINATION.
• THE PHILIPPINE AIR FORCE CONTINGENT IN
• 07 JULY 1892- “THE FOUNDING OF
CONGO, AFRICA IN THE EARLY 60’S
KATIPUNAN”
• AND THE PHILIPPINE CIVIC ACTION GROUP
ANDRES BONIFACIO, CONSIDERED AS THE FATHER OF (PHICAG) IN SOUTH VIETNAM IN THE 60’S.
THE PHILIPPINE ARMY, WHICH EXEMPLIFIED FILIPINO • 22-25 FEB 1986- THE AFP HAS VIGOROUSLY
SOLIDARITY. PURSUED A NATIONAL REVONCILLATION
EFFORT FOR PEACE AND PROGRESS.
• 22 MAR 1897- “TEJEROS CONVENTION”
PROCLAIMED OFFICIALLY OUR DESIRE FOR COMPLETE
INDEPENDENCE AND GAVE BIRTH TO THE PHILIPPINE
ARMY.
• 12 JUN 1898- “THE INDEPENDENCE”
IT WAS DECLARED AT KAWIT, CAVITE & FOR THE FIRST
TIME THE PHILIPPINE FLAG WAS FURLED & OUR
NATIONAL ANTHEM WAS PLAYED
• 22 JUN 1898-
“THE PHILIPPINE NAVY WAS CREATED” BY THE
REVOLUTIONARY ARMY.
• BETWEEN 1898 & 1899- “THE FILIPINO-
AMERICAN HOSTILITIES”
FURTHER DEMONSTRATED THE FILIPINO SOLDIERS BEST
IN TERMS OF HONOR, VALOR, LOYALTY, DUTY AND
SOLIDARITY DESPITE THE OVERWHELMING
SUPERIORITY OF THE ENEMY FORCES.
 08 AUG 1901-
“THE PHILIPPINE CONSTABULARY” WAS
ORGANIZED, KNOWN AS INSULAR POLICE FORCE.
 07 FEB 1905- “THE PHILIPPINE MILITARY
ACADEMY (PMA)” WAS ESTABLISHED. MISSION
 21 DEC 1935- “THE NATIONAL DEFENSE ACT” TO PROTECT THE PEOPLE AND SECURE THE
WAS ENACTED OFFICIALLY TO CREATE THE AFP. SOVEREIGNTY OF THE STATE AND THE INTEGRITY
o 07 FEB 1905- “THE PHILIPPINE OF THE NATIONAL TERRITORY.
MILITARY ACADEMY (PMA)” WAS
ESTABLISHED.
o 21 DEC 1935- “THE NATIONAL DEFENSE
ACT” WAS ENACTED OFFICIALLY TO
CREATE THE AFP. CAPABILITIES
 • TO ORGANIZE, TRAIN, EQUIP ARMY TO ORGANIZE, TRAIN, DEVELOP, EQUIP AND
FORCES FOR THE CONDUCT OF PROMPT ADMINISTER THE PAF RESERVE FORCE AS
& SUSTAIN COMBAT OPERATION ON BASE FOR EXPANSION IN THE EVENT OF WAR,
LAND. REBELLION, DISASTER OR CALAMITIES.
• TO DEVELOP DOCTRINES, PROCEDURES,
TACTICS, ORGANIZATION &
EQUIPMENT PECULIAR TO THE ARMY.
• TO DEVELOP IN COORDINATION WITH
OTHER MAJOR SERVICES, DOCTRINES,
PROCEDURES, TACTICS & EQUIPMENT
OF INTEREST TO THE ARMY FOR JOINT
OPERATIONS.
PHILIPPINE AIR FORCE’s MISSION
• TO ORGANIZE, TRAIN, EQUIP, MAINTAIN AND
PROVIDE FORCES TO CONDUCT PROMPT AND
SUSTAINED AIR OPERATIONS TO ACCOMPLISH
THE AFP MISSION.
CAPABILITIES
• PROVIDE TRAINING FOR MISSION-
ESSENTIAL TASKS TO SUPPORT AIR
DEFENSE CAPABILITY UPGRADE.
• TO ORGANIZE, TRAIN, AND EQUIP FOR
AIRLIFT, AIRBORNE, AND TACTICAL AIR
OPERATIONS UNILATERALLY OR IN
COORDINATION WITH THE SURFACE
FORCES.
• PROVIDE AND SUSTAIN THE BEST
TALENTS FOR AIR DEFENSE
PRIORITIZING AIR DEFENSE
ORGANIZATION
• TO FORMULATE AND DEVELOP
DOCTRINES, CONCEPTS, SYSTEMS,
POLICIES, PROCEDURES, STRATEGIES,
TACTICS AND TECHNIQUES FOR
OPERATION PECULIAR TO AIR FORCE.
• PURSUE MILITARY VALUES TOWARDS
EFFECTIVE MISSION PERFORMANCE OF
STRATEGIC UNITS.
PAF ORGANIZATION
• PERSONAL STAFFS
THE OFFICER UNDER THIS STAFF IS PERSONALLY
HANDPICKED AND SELECTED BY THE CG, PAF AS HIS B. AFP CUSTOM AND TRADITION
DIRECT ADVISER. 1. Tradition of Valor – gallantry, courage,
• COORDINATING STAFFS bravery and heroism

HE ASSISTS THE CHIEF OF AIR STAFF BY DIRECTING AND 2. Tradition of Duty – public servant;
SUPERVISING STAFF ACTIVITIES IN A GIVEN sense of responsibility and self-
FUNCTIONAL AREA AND PLANS, PROGRAMS, AND sacrifice
ESTABLISHES POLICIES AND PROCEDURES WITHIN HIS 3. Tradition of Honor – dignity and self-
FUNCTIONAL AREA OF RESPONSIBILITY. worth; treasured more than
• SPECIAL STAFFS life

HE IS THE FUNCTIONAL ELEMENT WHO ADVISES AND 4. Tradition of Solidarity – unity,

ASSISTS THE COMMANDER IN MAKING DECISIONS AND camaraderie and cohesion
TAKING ACTIONS IN CERTAIN SPECIALIZED TECHNICAL 5. Tradition of Loyalty – faithfulness,
AND/OR PROFESSIONAL AREAS. devotion and allegiance

MISSION
ANCIENT
MILITARY CUSTOMS
a. The Salute – the highest form of military
courtesy; dates back from the Age of Chivalry. MILITARY CUSTOMS

b. The Evening Gun – fired during the Retreat A. Courtesy Calls – military traditions which
Ceremony; signifies the end of the normal compels the junior officers to visit or call upon their
military day in which the National flag is commanders; it’s usually done on the ff occasions:
lowered. 1. officers detailed outside and
c. Flag Raising Ceremony – a form of pledge rejoins his major unit or assigned outside his major
which signifies that all efforts and work done for unit;
the day is dedicated to the country and the 2. officers coming from foreign
people. missions or schoolings;
d. The Retreat Ceremony – honors the National 3. officers assuming or relieved
flag at the end of the day; all members of a from command or key positions; and
camp who are outdoors pause to salute the flag
and sing the National anthem. 4. newly-promoted officers

e. e. The “Sound Off” and “Three Cheers” – b. Call of Newly-Promoted Generals/Flag

dates back at the time of the Crusades; given to Officers – officers promoted to star ranks call on
the departing troops who goes on a mission and their Maj Service Commanders, the Chief-of-Staff,
given by the troops who are left behind, the SND and the Commander-in-Chief.
respectively c. Courtesy to the Post – privileges given by the
f. The Tattoo – a bugle call sounded at 2130H; it is commanding officer to an officer of any armed
the signal to quiet down in barracks and prepare for service visiting his unit
lights-out in 30 minutes. .
g. The Taps – a bugle call which signals lights-out or d. Presentation of Recruits to Colors - the purpose
that all lights must be put-off; it is sounded at of signifying acceptance and welcome into the
2200H or 30 minutes after Tattoo. organization
h. Trumpet or Bugle Calls – a distinct reminder to e. The Reception – the act of acceptance for the
the soldiers of the specific duty to be done next. recruits to give them a glimpse of what to expect
i. Three Volleys Over Graves – a special ceremony from the organization for the duration of the
at grave side honoring a military deceased. training.

j. Raising of the Right Hand in Taking Oath – f. The Recognition – the giving of the sacred
symbolizes the solemnity of the taker and calls upon “handshake” to the recruits signifying complete and
God to bear witness and for the truth to be told. total acceptance to the organization.

k. White Flag of Truce – a worldwide custom used g. Farewell Tendered to a Departing Officer -
to signal temporary cessation of hostilities. ceremony given to any departing officer prior to his
change of assignment.
l. Wearing of Decorations – display of rewards
earned by individuals who have performed acts of h. Ceremony Tendered to a Retiree – given to a
military valor. military retiree in recognition to his long, faithful
and honorable service to the AFP.
j. Wearing of Unit Badges or Emblems – for
identification purposes of personnel. i. Happy Hour – an informal gathering in which this
special form of unit leadership aims to develop
RANK HAS ITS PRIVILEGE camaraderie among the officers and men of a unit
(RHIP)
New Year’s Call on the Commanding Officer-
• The Privilege of Being First to Choose - officers call on their commander to signify a fruitful
whenever a choice is made, the option of start of another year.
selection follows the rank with the most senior
given the privilege to choose first. k. Christmas Holiday Entertainment – the time
when the children from a unit are entertained and
b. “I Wish and I Desire” Statement – a given gifts.
commander’s witty statement which has all the
force of a direct order. l. Ceremonies at Holiday Dinners – done during
Christmas and New Year’s day where the
c. Place of Honor – right is the place of honor so commander visits the troops during mealtime.
when a junior walks, rides or sits with a senior, he
always stays at the left. m. Military Weddings – a military custom of the
union of an officer to his/her sweetheart; usually
d. Use of the Word “Sir” – used by all soldiers accompanied by a “draw sword”, a sword is used to
addressing an officer and by all junior officers cut the cake and a series of consequences before
addressing a senior officer; it precedes a report or a the groom can take his wife to the bridal car.
query or follows in answering a question.
 n. Patronage to the Officers’ or EP’s Club – a venue
where personnel can spend their off-duty social and
recreational life.
o. Visiting the Sick – commanders and other officers Role of Tactical Air Operations
visit their personnel to insure that all his needs are
1. COUNTER AIR OPERATIONS
being attended to.
The ultimate goal of counter air operations
p. Survivor Assistance to the Bereaved Family – a is to control the airspace & allow the
commander usually assigns an officer to the Commander to execute the plan. Includes
bereaved family to render any possible assistance Offensive & Defensive Counter Air, Suppression
needed. of Enemy Air Defenses (SEAD), fighter sweep or
C. AIRCRAFT RECOGNITION attack by fighter act against the enemies.

Principles in the Conduct of Tactical Air Operations REQUIREMENTS OF COUNTER AIR OPERATIONS

• THE AIR COMMANDER & STAFF TO WORK AS A • RANGE & ENDURANCE – CAPABILITY TO
TEAM WITH THE LAND COMMANDER & HIS OPERATE AT LONG DISTANCES & SUBSTANTIAL
STAFF RADIUS OF ACTION
• COMMAND OF THE AIR FORCES MUST BE • INTELLIGENCE – CONDUCT OF OCA RELIES
RETAINED AT THE HIGHEST LEVEL THAT CAN HEAVILY ON ACCURATE AND TIMELY
EFFECTIVELY APPLY THE AIR COMBAT EFFORT INTELLIGENCE REPORTS
• AT ANY GIVEN LEVEL OF COMMAND, THE LAND • MOBILITY – ASSETS TO BE DEPLOYABLE, CAN
FORCE COMDR SHLD DEAL W/ ONE AIR OPERATE IN FORWARD AND OPERATING BASES
COMPONENT COMMANDER ONLY • SURPRISE – THE PRINCIPLE OF SURPRISE GIVES
CONCEPT & CONDUCT OF TACTICAL AIR MORE VULNERABILITY ON ENEMY DEFENSES
OPERATIONS • WEAPONS – RANGE OF SUITABLE STAND-OFF
• Ground commanders view the PAF WEAPONS ARE REQUIRE TO MINIMIZE
projection of air power as supporting & not ATTRITION
a complementary role. • MULTI-ROLE CAPABILITY – ABILITY TO CHANGE
• The PAF has become a traditionally CAS – ROLE QUICKLY
oriented Air Force, hence being
characterized as a tactical Force. • SECURITY – INVOLVE ACTIVE AND PASSIVE
DEFENSE MEASURES

2. AIR INTERDICTION
Restrict the combat capability of the enemy by
diverting, disrupting, delaying, & destroying the
lines of commo, forces & resources. Its
application prevent the enemy forces from
sustaining effective level of combat & denies
their military objectives.

Principles in the Conduct of Tactical Air Operations

• Provides visible & immediate contribution to

the battlefield and by intensifying tactical air
support it initially reduces the enemy’s capacity
to attack thus enhancing the surface forces
freedom of movement & allow friendly forces
to take other offensive options.

Application of Tactical Air Operations

1. INDIRECT SUPPORT – Influence land opns

• GAINING & MAINTAINING OF CONTROL OF THE
AIR
• INTERDICTING AND HARASSING

3. CLOSE AIR SUPPORT

Requires detailed integration with the fire and
maneuver plans of friendly surface forces.
Provides responsive, flexible and sustained fire
power including shock effect, concentration of
force, speed and versatility.
 o AIR SUPERIORITY – CONTROL OF THE
AIR
o SEAD – DESTRUCTION/ DISRUPTION OF PAF AIR ASSETS IN SUPPORT TO ISO
ENEMY AIR DEFENSE SYSTEM.
o TARGET MARKING – PROVIDES TIMELY
AND ACCURATE TARGET MARKS.
o FAVORABLE WEATHER – FAVORABLE
VISIBILITY IMPROVES AIRCREW
 EFFECTIVENESS. MINIMUM
WEATHER RQMTS MUST BE
 DETERMINED BY THE AIR UNIT
COMMANDER.
o PROMPT RESPONSE – EFFECTIVE CAS
MUST PROVIDE TIMELY RESPONSE
 TO THE REQUEST
 REPOSITIONING TO FOB’s
 PLACING CREW ON ALERT
STATUS
 DELEGATING LAUNCH AND
DIVERT AUTHORITY TO
SUBORDINATE UNITS
o APPROPRIATE ORDNANCE – WEAPONS
LOAD MUST BE TAILORED TO ACHIEVE
THE DESIRED DEGREE OF
DESTRUCTUION
o COMMUNICATION – DEPENDABLE AND
ITEROPERABLE COMMO BET THE
AIRCREW, AIR CONTROL AGENCIES,
TERMINAL CONTROLLERS, REQUESTING
COMMANDERS AND FIRE SUPPORT
AGENCIES
o COMMAND AND CONTROL –
INTEGRATED & FLEXIBLE COMD AND
CTRL STRUCTURE TO PROCESS CAS
RQMTS.
o

Types of CAS

• PRE-PLANNED – detailed planning &

coordination/ mission is scheduled in
advance
• IMMEDIATE – generated to meet
specific requirement/ resulted from
tactical emergency situation
4. TACTICAL AIRLIFT
Capability to deploy forces rapidly over
considerable distances
THREE MAIN FUNCTIONS
 Tactical deployment of combat forces &
equipment
 Logistical support
 Aeromedical evacuation

5. TACTICAL AIR RECON

Conduct systematic & random observation of
Ground battle areas, targets & sectors of
airspace armed reconnaissance missions,
locating targets of Opportunity, information
concerning terrain, weather battle damage
assessment, and many others.
Coordination and Procedures
AIR STRIKE MSN RQMTS
 Requesting unit’s call sign
 & its location
 Critical areas enroute
 Location of the target
 Description of the target
 Location of friendly forces
 Means of communications
 Bail-out area
MISSION CONTROL – FAC

…acts as the local expert on the existing tactical

situations & therefore is assigned to control • Element - - That is the smallest drill unit
comprised of at least 3, but usually 8 to 12
the pilots.
individuals, one of whom is designated the
 Call sign element leader.
• Flight - At least two, but not more than four,
 Type & number of acft elements
 Mission order DRILLS TERMENOLOGY
 Ordnance & fusing • Double Time -Is the rate of marching at 180
 Estimated time to rendezvous steps (30 inches in length) per minute .
• Mark Time- Marching in place at rate of 100
 Estimated time to bingo fuel to 120 steps per minute
MISSION CONTROL – FAC • Quick Time -Rate of marching at 100 to 120
steps per minute
 brief target description • Slow Time -The rate of marching at 60 steps
per min
 weather-winds-altimeter
• PREPARATORY COMMAND-States the
 target elevation & obstacle movement to be carried out and mentally
prepares the soldier for its execution.
 ground fire
• COMMAND OF EXECUTION- Tells when the
 bailout heading & distance movement is to be carried out.

 location of surface forces

 attack restrictions
a. Loudness – a command should
 ordnance sequence be allowed enough to be heard
 FAC holding an understood by all receiving
or executing the command.
D. DRILLS AND CEREMONY b. Volume – is best attain by good
The commands were derived from the English language posture of the body, ease,
but are given in the Filipino language to provide from proper breathing, and correct
uniformity simplicity and preciseness and to suit the timing in giving the commands.
Filipino commands in terms of voice control, c. Diaphragm – used the
distinctiveness, inflections, and cadence, the following diaphragm in giving commands
guidelines are set as a rule.
2. PARADE REST – TIKAS PAHINGA
In general the word “NA” is used to signal the
command of execution except for the following 3. STAND AT EASE – TINDIG PALUWAG

a) TA – (Abbreviated SANDATA) manual for arms 4. AT EASE – PALUWAG

for rifles and pistol except KALIS and TALIBONG
5. REST – PAHINGA
w/c fall under the general rule.
b) KAD – (Abbreviated LAKAD) from at rest to 6. FALL OUT – TIWALAG
motion.
c) TO – (Abbreviated HINTO) from motion to rest 7. DISMISS – LUMANSAG
d) RAP – (Abbreviated HARAP) in Handa Harap as
Literal Translation ready front
e) DA – (Abbreviated HUMANDA) for attention
f) NGA – (Abbreviated PAHINGA) in TIKAS
PAHINGA or PARADE REST

• Alignment -a straight line upon which several

element/column
• Cadence – a uniform rhythm
• GUIDE – a man whom the command or
element thereof regulates its march.
• INTERVAL – the lateral space between
elements on the same line.
• DISTANCE – Space between individual when
individual are one behind the other.
• Center - - Is the center person of element.
• Cover -Individuals aligning themselves directly
behind the person to their immediate front
while maintaining proper distance
• Dress- Alignment of elements side by side or in
line maintaining proper interval.
  Public Affairs (PA) targets the Public’s
information needs and AFP’s image with the
community

 Civil Affairs (CA) targets the Public’s confidence

& Civil Authorities’ support

 Psychological Operations (PsyOps) targets the

enemy’s will, directly or indirectly, through key
communicators

PUBLIC AFFAIRS (PA)

 A pillar that conducts information-

related activities directed to the public

 Conducted to promote the

organization’s objectives

 Designed to gain the peoples’ trust,

support and confidence to the AFP

CIVIL AFFAIRS (CA)

 A pillar that promotes public trust to

gain popular support…
E. CIVIL MILITARY OPERATIONS  ...wins peoples’ hearts & minds;

 …gains peoples’ willing cooperation,

& confidence ;

 …induces peoples’ active participation

in the attainment of military objectives
& national goals.

PSYCHOLOGICAL OPERATIONS

 A pillar that influences the beliefs,

emotions, attitudes, opinions &
ultimately the behavior of the enemy &
its mass base

 …redirects unfavorable attitudes &

behavior into favorable;

 …transforms neutral / passive attitude

& behavior to become favorable

PA PROGRAM COMPONENTS

Public Information (PI)

 information activities directed to the

public to ensure a clear, accurate, and
timely dissemination of information

Community Relations (COMREL)

  establishes & maintains working 3. SERGEANT OF THE GUARD
relationship between the military & the
 Non-commissioned officer of the guard.
communities thru active participation in
community affairs  Supervises the enlisted members of the
guard.
CA PROGRAM COMPONENTS
 Responsible to the Commander of the
Civil Relations (CIVREL) Guard for the execution of all orders
related to guard duty.
 promotes cooperation & collaboration
between the military & civilians 4. GUARDHOUSE
Civic Action (CIVAC)  A building occupied by men detailed for
interior guard duty.
 conduct of military initiated activities
with developmental & sociological  It is a guard tent or any other
purposes designated location for the
headquarters of the guard.
CMO GUIDELINES
5. CHALLENGE
 CMO must be purposive & sustained
1. Used to cause an unidentified party or
 PsyOps should destroy the credibility of the person to halt and to be identified.
threat groups thru massive info activities
2. If secret challenge is used, it follows the
 CA should facilitate participation & appropriate original challenge and consists of a
support of stakeholders thru networking, word or distinctive sound.
alliance building & convergence The command “HALT. WHO IS THERE?”
 PA should gain the people’s trust, support & 6. PASSWORD
confidence through active information
A word or distinctive sound used to answer a
campaign
challenge, identifies the person or party desiring to
 CMO training programs shall focus on planning enter or pass and is always secret.
& skills development 7. COUNTERSIGN
 Maximize the participation of AFP support units  Consists of a secret challenge and a
in CMO to support ISO objectives & nation- password.
building efforts
 Words comprising the countersign are
 Utilize the reservists as major force in CMO, issued from the principal headquarters
especially in PA & CA activities; & in the of a command to aid guards and
organization & sustainment of the ICDS sentinels in their scrutiny of person who
apply to pass the lines.
 CMO shall serve as a vital link with the
GAs/LGUs, & the populace during disasters & 8. CONFINEMENT OFFICER
calamities A military police officer assigned to a stockade
 Major Services & UCs shall synchronize & align and charge with the security, administration, care, and
custody of all prisons confined in the local stockade or
their respective CMO thrusts and goals
hospital prisoner ward.
9. RELIEF
The procedure whereby members of the post is
relieved and members is posted in his place.

F. INTERIOR GUARD DUTIES 10. RELIEVE

1. OFFICER OF THE DAY To direct any members of the guard to cease

performance of duty.
 Acting directly under the commanding officer.
11. WATCH
 Responsible on a given day for the execution of
all orders of the commanding officer relating to A period of time during which member of the
interior guard duty and other duties as may be guard performed the prescribed duties beginning where
assigned. he is posted and terminated his duties.

2. COMMANDER OF THE GUARD 12. STOCKADE

 Responsible for the instruction, A confinement facility under the jurisdiction of

discipline, and performance of duty of an instillation commander used for the confinement of
the guards. military persons.

 Member of the guard next junior to the Procedures for Challenging and Replying a Password
Officer of the Day. 2. CHALLENGING ONE PERSON
 AIR FORCE SENTRY  Protects life and properties in case of
alarm.
a. To a person about to enter his post:
 Provides signature of the Guard report.
“HALT WHO GOES THERE”
 Responsible for the guard.
b. Sentry orders the person forward
 Responsible for the instruction,
“ADVANCE, Cdt Damasco TO BE RECOGNIZED” performance, and discipline of the
c. When a person close enough to be identified. The guard.
Sentry commands:  Prepares the daily report.
“HALT” (He does not recognized Cdt Damasco)  Responsible for the lowering and raising
d. The Sentry has identified the person, he will permit of the National Flag.
him to proceed.  Forms the reserve guard in case of
“PASS SIR” alarm.

Person Challenged: 3. Sergeant of the Guard – SOG

a. On halt immediately and  Supervises the Non-Commissioned Officer of

answers: the Guard.

Cdt Damasco, THE Personnel, S-1”  Responsible for the posting of relief at proper
time.
 Responsible for the cleanliness of the Guard
b. The person will advance without replying. house and its surroundings.
 Forms the guard in case of emergency.
c. Person will halt and wait for further instruction. 4. Corporal of the guard – COG
d. The person challenged will give the reply in low voice.  Assigns members of the guard to their
e. Person will proceed when told to proceed. post.

Challenging a Group  Reports to the sergeant of the guard all

violations of orders and unusual
a. To a group of person about to enter his post: incidents.
GUARD: “HALT, WHO GOES THERE”  Posts himself at the guard house.
LT MORE: “LT MORE AND MTI’S request  Awakens the next relief on time of
permission to enter / pass”. relieving.
b. Guard will order the most Senior to advance  Examine persons halted or determined
forward: by sentinels.
“ADVANCE LT MORE TO BE RECOGNIZED” 5.. Sentinels
c. When LT MORE is close enough to be identified,  Memorize, understand, and complied
guard will command: with the 11 General Orders, Special
Orders General Orders
“ADVANCE THE PATROL TO BE RECOGNIZED”
Special Orders
d. Once recognized, the group will be allowed to enter
or pass. orders promulgated by the commanding
officers which prescribe the special duties for the main
and special guards.

Military Professionalism
Duties And Responsibilities
Men who adopt the profession of arms submit
1. Commanding Officer – CO their own free will to a law of perpetual constraints of
 Provides sentinel for security. their own accord.

 Prescribes regulations and They reject their right to live where they
special orders of the guard. choose, to say what they think, to dress as they like.

 Receives the report of the From the moment they become soldiers, It
Officer of the Day needs but an order to settle them from this place to
move them to that, to separate them their families and
 Supervises and inspects
stockade prisoners. dislocate their normal lives.

2. Officer of the Day – OD In the world of commands, they must rise, march, run,
endure bad weather, go without sleep or food, be
 Responsible for the performance of the isolated in some distant post, work until they drop.
Guard.
They have ceased to be the masters of their own fate.

If they drop on their tracks, their ashes shall be

scattered into the four winds, that is all part and parcel
of their job.