DON BOSCO SCHOOL

Nandan nagar, AGARTALA

SESSION: 2021-22

A PRACTICAL WORK ON chemistry TOWARDS THE

PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR CLASS
XI BOARD EXAMINATION CONDUCTED BY AISSE SUBMITTED

TOPIC:- Lemon Battery

SUBMITTED BY:
NAME: Rajbir Chatterjee
class: xi_sc_b roll no: 32
date: 08-03-2022

under the guidance of

miss dipika saha(dept of chemistry)
 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the work contained the project report entitled “LEMON BATTERY” by
Rajbir Chatterjee, Roll No:-32 from Don Bosco School, Agartala, Tripura, is a record of a
bona-fide project work carried out under my supervision
and guidance and of Miss Dipika Saha.

_____________________ _______________________
Dipika Saha Fr. Sebastian Palatty
(Project Supervisor) (Principal)
Chemistry Don Bosco School
Don Bosco School Agartala
Agartala

______________________ _______________________
EXTERNAL EXAMINER INSTITUTION STAMP
Don Bosco School,
Agartala Tripura(West)
 Acknowledgement
I'd like to express my special thanks and gratitude to our principal Fr. Sebastian Palatty as
well as a teacher Miss Dipika, who gave me the opportunity and fruitful guidance to do this
project. As per the CBSE curricular by doing this project we got enriched with many
information which can help us in our future.
 INTRODUCTION
The lemon battery experiment is one of the common experiments mentioned in
science textbooks. A lemon battery consists of two metals suspended in an acidic
solution. Copper and Zinc work well as metals for the battery and the citric acid
present in the lemon act as an acidic solution. Batteries like these cannot run a
motor or power up light bulbs, but it can produce a dim glow in LEDs. In this article,
you will learn how to make a lemon battery and understand how a lemon battery
works.A lemon battery is a simple battery made using a zinc metal like a galvanized
nail and a copper piece like a penny for educational purposes. These are inserted
into a lemon and are connected by wires. The zinc and copper are called electrodes
and lemon juice is an electrolyte. The lemon battery experiment explained here is
similar to the experiment of the first electrical battery, invented by Alessandro Volta
in the year 1800, where he used a brine solution. Listed in project is a methodical
explanation of the experiment.
 REASON
The goal of making a lemon battery is to turn chemical energy into electrical
energy, creating enough electricity to power a small LED light or a watch. This
type of battery is called an “electrolytic cell” or chemical battery. It works in the
same way as your TV remote or game-controller batteries. Basically, the lemon
juice and metal plates react with each other, creating electricity. We can also
use limes, oranges, potatoes or other acidic foods. Currents are more variable,
but range up to about 1 mA. For a more visible effect, lemon cells can be
connected in series to power an LED or other devices. The series connection
increases the voltage available to devices. In real life it is applicable for
emergency batteries and many types of emergency works.
 LEMON BATTERY
OBJECTIVES:
Describe the relationship between an electron and current electricity by making a Lemon
Battery.

LEMON BATTERY GLOWING LIGHT

MATERIALS REQUIRED:
• Lemon (and other fruit, optional)
• 1 copper strip

• 1 zinc strip (you can use a galvanized nail, which is coated with zinc) knife.

• 2 copper wire leads (each about 20 cm long) with alligator clips on both ends LED
bulb with a rating of no more than 2 volts (the smaller the voltage, the better).
 • Wire cutters.

• Wire strippers.

PROCEDURE:
1. Roll the lemon firmly on a counter to release some of the juices.

2. Insert one copper strip and one zinc strip vertically into the lemon, with one end
peeping out.

3. Connect one wire lead to each metal strip (electrode).

 4. Connect one of the free ends of the wire leads to one of the wires attached to the
LED bulb.
5. Connect the remaining free end of the wire lead to the remaining free wire on the
bulb.

LEMON BATTERY CONNECTIONS

6. Use the voltmeter or multi-meter to check the voltage between the two electrodes. It
will probably be less than 1 volt which is not enough for the LED to glow, which needs
about 2 volts. Join together in groups of three or four lemons. Connect the lemons
together in series (connect copper to zinc together with wire) and attach the ends to
ONE bulb. Use the voltmeter to check the voltage between the free wires at the ends
of the series.

EXTENSIONS:
• Experiment with other fruits (e.g. oranges, grapefruits, apples, peaches, pears).
• Experiment with replacing the electrodes with two copper strips or two zinc strips
and try to light the bulb. Measure the voltage and explain the results.
• Experiment with replacing the electrodes with different metals (e.g. iron and
magnesium).

RESULTS:
When we touched our tongue to just the copper wire, we most likely would not have
noticed anything unusual. When we touched our tongue to BOTH of the metal ends, we
might have felt a tingle, or noticed a metallic taste.
WHY:
The tingle or metal taste we noticed shows that our lemon battery was generating an
electric current. That means tiny electrons were moving across the surface of your tongue.

Electrons are subatomic particles that zoom around an atom’s center and make up the part
of the atom that is negatively charged. The lemon battery we made is a type of battery
called a voltaic battery. These types of batteries are made of two different metals, which
act as electrodes, or places where electrons can enter or leave a battery. In our case, the
electrical current entered our tongue, which is why we felt a tingle.
All voltaic batteries need their metals to be placed in an electrolyte. An electrolyte is a
substance that can carry electrical current when dissolved in water. The tiny bit of salt in
our saliva makes our saliva an electrolyte, and the sour citric acid does the same thing for
lemon juice. Batteries stop working when there is not enough of the electrolyte to react
with the metal or not enough metal left to react with the electrolyte.
 CONCLUSION
In our experiment, we used acidic fruits to demonstrate the transformation of a chemical
reaction into an electrical reaction. We were able to observe the processes of oxidation and
reduction through the use of lemons and copper + zinc plates. From our trial, we
understood how the electrodes and electrolytes work together to conduct electricity, and
specifically the quantity needed to execute the task. This experiment served as a solid base
in order to familiarize ourselves with trial and error as well as basic electrical and chemical
knowledge.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
• Lemon Battery - Science World
• www.wikipedia.com
• www.Byjus.com