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Lab Report 4

This lab report describes an experiment to determine the speed ratio and efficiency of a bevel gear drive mechanism. The student measured the speed ratio by counting rotations and found it to be 1:2. Efficiency was calculated to be around 55.6% initially, indicating energy losses due to friction. As loads increased, efficiency remained around 62.5%, showing the impact of weight distribution on balancing friction effects. The experiment verified the speed ratio relationship and highlighted addressing friction in mechanical systems using bevel gears.

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Hassan Mehmood
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657 views3 pages

Lab Report 4

This lab report describes an experiment to determine the speed ratio and efficiency of a bevel gear drive mechanism. The student measured the speed ratio by counting rotations and found it to be 1:2. Efficiency was calculated to be around 55.6% initially, indicating energy losses due to friction. As loads increased, efficiency remained around 62.5%, showing the impact of weight distribution on balancing friction effects. The experiment verified the speed ratio relationship and highlighted addressing friction in mechanical systems using bevel gears.

Uploaded by

Hassan Mehmood
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Mechanism and Mechanical Vibration Lab

Name: Hassan Mahmood CMS ID: 336583 Class: ME-12 C

Lab Report 4
Introduction to Bevel Gear Drive Mechanism

Objective
• To determine speed ratio of bevel gear drive

𝑵𝟐
𝑺𝒑𝒆𝒆𝒅 𝑹𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐 =
𝑵𝟏
• To measure efficiency of bevel gears for different output loads

Introduction
In the world of mechanical engineering and machinery, the efficient and precise transfer of power
and motion is paramount. Bevel gear drive mechanisms represent a critical and versatile component
in achieving this goal. These mechanisms are essential for transmitting rotational power and torque
between intersecting shafts at various angles, making them invaluable in a wide range of applications,
such as
• Automotive systems
• Industrial machinery
• Aerospace technology

Bevel gears, with their unique conical shape, offer distinct


advantages in terms of angular versatility and mechanical
performance. They are designed to handle a multitude of
challenging tasks, such as changing the direction of rotation,
altering speed ratios, and accommodating different shaft
orientations. This adaptability, coupled with their ability to
maintain high levels of efficiency and reliability, makes bevel
gear drive mechanisms a fundamental component in the
arsenal of engineers and designers.
The speed ratio, a pivotal parameter in characterizing gear behaviour, explains the connection
between the input and output speeds within a gear system. Within the context of this laboratory
experiment, our objective is to investigate and validate the speed ratios inherent to bevel gear sets.

Designated as 'N,' the speed ratio of a gear set is explicitly defined as the quotient of the output speed
relative to the input speed. Bevel gears, serve as the medium through which motion and power are
transmitted between two shafts intersecting at an oblique angle. Characteristically, these gears
feature teeth that are intricately machined along the conical surface of the gear, giving them the
capability to operate effectively across a diverse range of angles.

Page 1 of 3
Mechanism and Mechanical Vibration Lab

Apparatus
The following apparatus is required for this experiment.
• 2 nuts
• 1 Set of masses
• 2 Hooks
• 1 bevel Gear Set

Types
The five most common types in use are as follows:

• Roller chain (bush roller chain)


• Silent chain or inverted tooth chain.
• Leaf chain.
• Flat-top chain.
• Engineering steel chain
Procedure
The procedure of this experiment is as follows.
1. Mark a point on the pulley next to the larger bevel gear.
2. Rotate the larger pulley once and count how many times the pulley connected to the
smaller bevel gear turns.
3. This will give us the gear ratio of the bevel gears.
4. Attach weight hooks to the bevel gears.
5. Place some weight on the pulley connected to the smaller bevel gear.
6. Start adding weight to the other hook and observe when the other gear begins to slide.
7. Measure the weights and use the efficiency formula to calculate efficiency.
8. Repeat the experiment with different weights as inputs.
9. Make sure to repeat the entire experiment at least three times for accuracy.

Calculations & Results

N 𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑅𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑛 2
Speed Ratio = N2 =Gear Ratio=𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑅𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑛 1
1
N2 2
Speed Ratio = = =1
N1 1
The efficiency is calculated as
𝑂𝑢𝑡𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 × 100
ℎ=
𝐼𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝐿𝑜𝑎𝑑 × 𝑋
𝑂𝑢𝑡𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 × 100
ℎ=
(𝑃𝑓 + 𝑃𝑤 ) × 𝑋
1 × 100
ℎ=
0.9 × 2
ℎ = 55.6%

Page 2 of 3
Mechanism and Mechanical Vibration Lab

Output Weight(W) Input Weight(P) Speed Ratio(X) Efficiency


𝑊(100)
𝑃(𝑋)
1 0.9 55.6%
2 1.6 2 62.5%
3 2.4 62.5%

Discussion
In this experiment, we aimed to understand the speed ratio and efficiency of a bevel gear drive
mechanism, which is crucial in mechanical engineering for transferring power efficiently. Bevel gear
drives are versatile and find applications in various fields, thanks to their unique conical shape that
enables them to handle different tasks like altering speed ratios and changing rotation directions.

We determined the gear ratio by marking a point on the larger bevel gear's pulley and measuring how
many rotations the smaller gear's pulley completed when the larger one turned once. Our gear ratio
was found to be 1:2, indicating that for each rotation of the larger gear, the smaller gear completed
two rotations. Additionally, we calculated an efficiency of approximately 55.6%, highlighting the
impact of friction on the gear system's performance. As we increased the load, we observed that the
balancing weights adjusted, emphasizing the role of weight distribution in managing both balance
and friction effects. Overall, this experiment provided valuable insights into the practical aspects of
bevel gear mechanisms and their significance in mechanical systems.
Conclusion
In conclusion, our experiment revealed several key findings. Firstly, for the provided bevel gear set,
we determined that the speed ratio stands at 1:2. This means that one rotation of the first gear
corresponds to two complete rotations of the second bevel gear, in line with our expectations
regarding gear mechanics. This verifies our objective #1.

Secondly, our observations underscored the presence of a frictional force within the gear system,
which significantly impacts efficiency. The recorded efficiency of less than 100% clearly indicates that
energy losses occur due to this friction. These losses could arise from friction in the pulley or minor
variations in mass distribution due to potential human errors in measurements. This verifies our
objective #2.

Overall, our experiment not only confirmed the relationship between gear ratio and speed ratio but
also highlighted the practical relevance of addressing frictional losses in mechanical systems
employing bevel gear mechanisms.

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