www.vardhaman.

org

CURRICULUM
For
Master of Technology

Digital Electronics and Communication Systems

Under
Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)

M. Tech. - Regular Two Year PG Program

(For batches admitted from the Academic Year 2021 - 2022)

November 2021
 Programme Curriculum Structure
M. Tech – Digital Electronics and Communication Systems

Regulations: VCE-R21
I Year I Semester
Hours Assessment

Credits
# Course
Title of the Course per Week Marks
Code
L P CIE SEE Total
1 B5401 RTL Simulation and Synthesis 3 0 3 30 70 100
with PLDs
2 B5402 Advanced Communications 3 0 3 30 70 100
and Networks
3 Professional Elective - I 3 0 3 30 70 100
4 Professional Elective - II 3 0 3 30 70 100
5 B5403 RTL Simulation and Synthesis 0 4 2 30 70 100
with PLDs Lab
6 B5404 Advanced Communications 0 4 2 30 70 100
Laboratory
7 B5001 Research Methodology 2 0 2 30 70 100
and IPR
8 Audit Course - I 2 0 0 - 100 100
Total 16 08 18 210 490 700

I Year II Semester
Hours Assessment
Credits

# Course
Title of the Course per Week Marks
Code
L P CIE SEE Total
1 B5405 Analog and Digital CMOS 3 0 3 30 70 100
VLSI Design
2 B5406 Advanced Digital Signal 3 0 3 30 70 100
Processing
3 Professional Elective - III 3 0 3 30 70 100
4 Professional Elective - IV 3 0 3 30 70 100
5 B5407 Analog and Digital CMOS 0 4 2 30 70 100
VLSI Design Laboratory
6 B5408 Advanced Digital Signal 0 4 2 30 70 100
Processing Laboratory
7 B5002 Technical Report Writing 0 2 1 30 70 100
8 B5441 Mini Project 0 2 1 100 - 100
9 Audit Course - II 2 0 0 - 100 100
Total 14 12 18 310 490 800

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 Programme Curriculum Structure
M. Tech – Digital Electronics and Communication Systems

Regulations: VCE-R21
II Year I Semester
Hours Assessment

Credits
# Course
Title of the Course per Week Marks
Code
L P CIE SEE Total
1 Professional Elective -V 3 0 3 30 70 100
2 Open Elective 3 0 3 30 70 100
3 B5442 Dissertation Phase - I 0 20 10 100 - 100
Total 06 20 16 160 140 300

II Year II Semester
Hours Assessment

Credits
# Course
Title of the Course per Week Marks
Code
L P CIE SEE Total
1 B5443 Dissertation Phase - II 0 32 16 100 100 200
Total 0 32 16 100 100 200

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 Programme Curriculum Structure
M. Tech – Digital Electronics and Communication Systems

Regulations: VCE-R21

List of Professional Electives

Professional Elective - I
Course Code Title of the Course
B5451 Ad-hoc & Wireless Sensor Networks
B5452 Cognitive Radio Networks
B5453 Next Generation Mobile Networks

Professional Elective - II
Course Code Title of the Course
B5454 Low Power VLSI Design
B5455 Scripting Languages for VLSI Design Automation
B5456 Machine Learning for Hardware Design

Professional Elective - III

Course Code Title of the Course
B5457 Coding Theory and Techniques
B5458 MIMO Systems
B5459 Communication Protocols for IoT

Professional Elective - IV
Course Code Title of the Course
B5460 System Verilog for Verification
B5461 VLSI Physical Design Automation
B5462 High Speed VLSI Design

Professional Elective - V
Course Code Title of the Course
B5463 Detection and Estimation Theory
B5464 Speech Processing
B5465 Deep Learning for Computer Vision

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 Programme Curriculum Structure
M. Tech – Digital Electronics and Communication Systems

Regulations: VCE-R21

Open Electives
# Course Code Title of the Course
1 B5081 Business Analytics
2 B5082 Waste to Energy
3 B5083 Operations Research
4 B5084 IoT and Applications
5 B5085 Cyber Security
6 B5086 Mobile Cloud Computing

Audit Courses
# Course Code Title of the Course
1 B5091 Disaster Management
2 B5092 Value Education
3 B5093 Constitution of India
4 B5094 Stress Management by Yoga
Personality Development through Life
5 B5095
Enlightenment Skills
6 B5096 Pedagogy Studies

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I YEAR I SEMESTER
 Course Structure
B5401 - RTL Simulation and Synthesis with PLDS

Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks

L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
3 0 0 42 0 0 3 30 70 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview
In digital circuit design, register-transfer level (RTL) is a design abstraction which models
a synchronous digital circuit in terms of the flow of digital signals between hardware regis-
ters, and the logical operations performed on those signals. ASIC design is a methodology
of cost and size reduction of an electronic circuit, product or system through miniatur-
ization and integration of individual components and their functionality into a single
element. Static timing analysis (STA) is a method of validating the timing performance
of a design by checking all possible paths for timing violations. A Programmable Logic
Device is an individual, programmable electronic chip which can be used as an element
to build digital circuits that can be reconfigured.

Course Pre/co-requisites
This course has no specific prerequisite and co requisite.

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:

B5401.1 Apply digital design procedure for the development of complex arithmetic
logic
B5401.2 Develop the digital circuit by utilizing the different modeling strategies in
Verilog HDL
B5401.3 Analyze the hardware feasibility for the advanced Digital Systems using
PLDs
B5401.4 Examine the Timing Analysis in different levels of abstractions of digital
design
B5401.5 Evaluate the performance of the digital circuits with reconfigurable FPGA
and ASIC

3. Course Syllabus
Verilog HDL : Importance of HDLs, Lexical Conventions of Verilog HDL Gate level
modeling: Built in primitive gates, switches, gate delays Data flow modeling: Continuous
and implicit continuous assignment, delays Behavioural modeling: Procedural constructs,
Control and repetition Statements, delays, function and tasks.

Digital Design: Design of BCD Adder, State graphs for control circuits, shift and add
multiplier, Binary divider, FSM and SM Charts: Finite state diagram, Implementation of
sequence detector using FSM, State machine charts, Derivation of SM Charts, Realization
of SM Chart, Implementation of Binary Multiplier.

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 ASIC: Types of ASICs, ASIC Design flow, Trade off issues at System Level-Optimization
with regard to speed, area and power, asynchronous and low power system design. ASIC
physical design: ASIC floor planning, Placement and Routing, physical design issues,
System Partitioning, Power Dissipation, Partitioning Methods.

Static Timing Analysis : Introduction, STA Concept: CMOS Logic Design, Modeling
of CMOS Cells, Switching Waveform, Propagation Delay, Slew of a Waveform, Skew be-
tween Signals, Timing Arcs and Unateness, Min and Max Timing Paths, Clock Domains,
Operating Conditions.

Digital Design using PLD’s: ROM, PLA, PAL- Registered PAL’s, Configurable
PAL’s, GAL. CPLDs: Features, programming and applications using complex programmable
logic devices. FPGAs: Field Programmable gate arrays Logic blocks, routing architec-
ture, design flow.

4. Books and Materials

Text Books:
1. Verilog HDL, A Guide to Digital Design and Synthesis Samir Palnitkar, 2nd Edition,
2003
2. Fundamentals of Logic Design, Charles H. Roth, 5th Edition. Cengage Learning, 2010
3. Michael John Sebastian Smith, “Application-Specific Integrated Circuits”, VLSI De-
sign Series, Addison Wesley Longman
4. J. Bhasker, Rakesh Chadha, “Static Timing Analysis for Nanometer Designs A Prac-
tical Approach , Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2009.
5. Bob Zeidman, “Designing with FPGAs & CPLDs”, CMP Books, 2002.

Reference Books:
1. Donald D Givone, “Digital Principles and Design”, TMH, 2016
2. Data Sheets for CPLD & FPGA Architectures, 1996.
3. Richard S. Sandige, “Modern Digital Design”, MGH, International Editions, 1990
4. Charles H. Roth, Jr. Lizy Kurian John ByeongKil Lee “Digital Systems Design Using
Verilog”, Cengage Learning 2016

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 Course Structure
B5402 - Advanced Communications and Networks

Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks

L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
3 0 0 42 0 0 3 30 70 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview
This Course is to expose the students to the most recent technological developments in
Wireless communication systems. This course covers various propagation effects and prop-
agation models used in mobile communication. This course deals with various methodolo-
gies to improve the received signal quality and synchronization in mobile communication.
The course analyze networking architecture, design issues for wireless link.

Course Pre/co-requisites
This course has no specific prerequisite and co requisite.

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:

B5402.1 Learn to model radio signal propagation issues and its impact on commu-
nication system performance.
B5402.2 Describe the fundamentals of OFDM and synchronization, pilot insertion
in OFDM transmission .
B5402.3 Examine channel modeling and propagation in MIMO, multi-user commu-
nications, MIMO-OFDM.
B5402.4 Analyze networking architecture, design issues and infrastructure for wire-
less link.
B5402.5 Describe the architecture of wireless LAN and broadband Wireless
MANs/IEEE 802.16.

3. Course Syllabus
Spread Spectrum Technologies: Spread Spectrum Modulation concept, Concept of
SSM bandwidth from shannon’s theorem and SNR, Operations related to PN code or
sequence, properties of PN codes, Maximum length (ML)sequences, Walsh-Hadamard se-
quences, Gold codes/sequences, General block diagram of DSSS transmitter and receiver,
PN signal characteristics, spectral density, bandwidth and processing gain, characteristics
of DSSS system.

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing: Basic Principles of Orthogonality,

Single vs Multicarrier Systems, OFDM Block Diagram and Its Explanation, OFDM Signal
Mathematical Representation-frequency domain and time domain representation, Selec-
tion parameter for Modulation, Pulse shaping in OFDM Signal and Spectral Efficiency,
Window in OFDM Signal and Spectrum, Synchronization in OFDM.

MIMO Systems: Introduction, Space Diversity and System Based on Space Diversity,
Smart Antenna system and MIMO, MIMO Based System Architecture, MIMO Exploits

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 Multipath, Space – Time Processing, Antenna Consideration for MIMO, MIMO Chan-
nel Modelling, MIMO Channel Measurement, MIMO Channel Capacity, Advantages and
Applications of MIMO in Present Context, MIMO Applications in 3G Wireless System
and Beyond, MIMO-OFDM.

Wireless LANs/IEEE 802.11x: Introduction to IEEE802.11x Technologies, Evolu-

tion of wireless LANs, IEEE 802.11 Design Issues, IEEE 802.11 Services, IEEE 802.11
MAC Layer operations, IEEE 802.11 Layer1, IEEE 802.11 a/b/g Higher Rate Standards,
Wireless LAN Security, Computing Wireless Technologies, Typical WLAN Hardware

Wireless PANs/IEEE 802.15x: Introduction to IEEE 802.15x Technologies: Wireless

PAN Applications and Architecture, IEEE 802.15.1 Physical Layer Details, Bluetooth
Link Controllers Basics, Bluetooth Link Controllers Operational States, IEEE 802.15.1
Protocols and Host Control Interface. Evaluation of IEEE 802.15 Standards.

4. Books and Materials

Text Books:
1. Gary J. Mullett, “Introduction to Wireless Telecommunications Systems and Net-
works”, CENGAGE
2. Upena Dalal, “Wireless Communication”, Oxford University Press, 2009

Reference Books:
1. Ke-Lin Du & M N S Swamy, “Wireless Communication System”, Cambridge University
Press, 2010
2. GottapuSasibhusan Rao, “Mobile Cellular Communication”, PEARSON.

4 www.vardhaman.org
 Course Structure
B5403 - RTL Simulation and Synthesis with PLDs Laboratory
Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks
L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
0 0 4 0 0 56 2 30 70 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview
This laboratory course aims at developing digital systems using different modeling styles
of Verilog HDL. The VLSI Design flow methodology is accomplished using EDA tools like
Xilinx, Cadence, Mentor Graphics. etc. The real time validation and feasibility check for
advanced circuits such as UART, USART, PCI, arbiter, Transforms, memory units are
verified using FPGA device

Course Pre/co-requisites
This course has no specific prerequisite and co requisite.

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:

B5403.1 Conduct experiments using EDA tool to demonstrate the constructs of Ver-
ilog HDL
B5403.2 Design various combinational and sequential circuits using HDL
B5403.3 Apply digital design procedure for Memories, Communication, DSP appli-
cations
B5403.4 Analyze the digital system using reconfigurable FPGA
B5403.5 Build a prototype for real time applications with FPGA

3. Course Syllabus
1. Verilog implementation of
i) 8:1 Mux/Demux,
ii) Full Adder, 8-bit Magnitude comparator,
iii) 3-bit Synchronous Counters
iv) Parity generator
2. Sequence generator/detectors, Synchronous FSM – Mealy and Moore machines
3. Vending machines - Traffic Light controller, ATM, elevator control.
4. PCI Bus & arbiter and downloading on FPGA
5. UART/ USART implementation in Verilog
6. Realization of single port SRAM in Verilog
7. Verilog implementation of Arithmetic circuits like serial adder/ subtractor, parallel
adder/subtractor, serial/parallel multiplier
8. Discrete Fourier transform/Fast Fourier Transform algorithm in Verilog

4. Laboratory Equipment/Software/Tools Required

1. Cadence
2. Xilinx

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5. Books and Materials
Text Books:
1. Verilog HDL, A Guide to Digital Design and Synthesis Samir Palnitkar, 2nd Edition,
2003.
2. Fundamentals of Logic Design, Charles H. Roth, 5th Edition. Cengage Learning, 2010.
3. Michael John Sebastian Smith, “Application-Specific Integrated Circuits”, VLSI De-
sign Series, Addison Wesley Longman.
4. J. Bhasker, Rakesh Chadha, “Static Timing Analysis for Nanometer Designs A Prac-
tical Approach , Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2009.
5. Bob Zeidman, “Designing with FPGAs & CPLDs”, CMP Books, 2002.

Reference Books:
1. Donald D Givone, “Digital principles and Design”, TMH, 2016
2. Data Sheets for CPLD & FPGA architectures, 1996.
3. Richard S. Sandige, “Modern Digital Design”, MGH, International Editions, 1990
4. Charles H. Roth, Jr. Lizy Kurian John ByeongKil Lee “Digital Systems Design Using
Verilog”, Cengage Learning 2016

6 www.vardhaman.org
 Course Structure
B5404 - Advanced Communications Laboratory

Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks

L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
0 0 4 0 0 56 2 30 70 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview
Wireless communications technology is one of the most rapidly growing disciplines and is
experiencing unprecedented market growth. The laboratory experience can play an im-
portant role in motivating students and stimulating their interest in a specific discipline
such as wireless communication systems. This course describe the various GSM AT Com-
mands their use and developing new application using it. It also covers Understanding
of 3G/4G Communication System and CDMA System with features like; transmission of
voice and video calls.

Course Pre/co-requisites
This course has no specific prerequisite and co requisite.

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:

B5404.1 Analyze the radio channel characteristics and the cellular principle .
B5404.2 Analyze the Transmitter and Receiver section in mobile handset and mea-
sure frequency band signal.
B5404.3 Analyze 3G and 4G communication system by means of various AT com-
mands .
B5404.4 Develop Real time Application by make use of Software Radio.
B5404.5 Examine the CDMA concept using DSSS kit.

3. Course Syllabus
1. To study transmitters and receiver section in mobile handset and measure frequency
bandsignal and GMSK modulating signal.
2. Analysis of relation between bit rate, symbol rate and chip rate.
3. To study various GSM AT Commands their use and developing new application using
it.Understating of 3G Communication System with features like; transmission of voice
and SMS by AT Commands.
4. Analyze the AT Commands of 4G LTE Smart Phone.
5. Study of DSSS technique for CDMA, observe effect of variation of types of PN codes,
chip rate, spreading factor, processing gain on performance
6. Bit Error Rate Measurement of DSSS CDMA.
7. Analyze the Simple Transmitter and Receiver Section of USRP.
8. To study and analyze frequency modulation technique in time and frequency domain
using SDR kit.
9. To study and analyze Phase modulation technique in time and frequency domain using
SDR kit.

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 10. Study of GSM handset for various signaling and fault insertion techniques (Major
GSMhandset sections: clock, SIM card, charging, LCD module, Keyboard, User in-
terface).

4. Laboratory Equipment/Software/Tools Required

1. DSSS KIT

5. Books and Materials

Text Books:
1. Gary J. Mullett, “Introduction to Wireless Telecommunications Systems and Net-
works”, CENGAGE.
2. Upena Dalal, “Wireless Communication”, Oxford University Press, 2009.

Reference Books:
1. Ke-Lin Du & M N S Swamy, “Wireless Communication System”, Cambridge University
Press, 2010.
2. GottapuSasibhusan Rao, “Mobile Cellular Communication”, PEARSON.

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 Course Structure
B5001 - Research Methodology and IPR

Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks

L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
2 0 0 28 0 0 2 30 70 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview
Research is an art of scientific investigation. Research is an original contribution to the
existing stock of knowledge making for its advancement. It is the pursuit of truth with
the help of study, observation, comparison and experiment. This course will help students
to understand about the research process, tools, importance of ethics. Students can learn
about the law of patent and copyrights and knowledge on IPR (Intellectual Property
rights)

Course Pre/co-requisites
This course has no specific prerequisite and co-requisite.

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:

B5001.1. Identify an appropriate research problem in their suitable domain.

B5001.2. Construct a well-structured research paper and scientific presentations.
B5001.3. Express the importance of research ethics in scientific community.
B5001.4. Explore on various component of IPR and process of filing.
B5001.5. Gain knowledge on patents and copyrights.

3. Course Syllabus
Research Problem: Scope and objectives, Selection criteria, Research Problems, Re-
search Approaches, Data collection, Data analysis, Ethics, Instrumentation, Interpreta-
tion.

Literature Studies: Effective literature studies, Types of literature review, Process and
Purpose, Survey, Critical analysis, classification and comparison, case study, identifying
the knowledge gap and propose a action plan.

Technical Writing: Effective Report/Article/Thesis writing, tools required, documen-

tation using suitable application (Word, LATEX, Pages), data representation using graphs,
bar diagrams, pi-charts, preparation of manuscript, plagiarism, presentation of research
work, Abstract and Conclusion.

Research proposal: Problem defining, national and international Scenario of proposed

research, key factors, cost and contingencies, preparing timeline for research plan, funding
agencies, collaboration, product and patent development.

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 Patent Rights and IPR: Process of Patenting and Development, Copyright, Trade-
mark, Licensing and transfer of technology, Patent information and databases, New Devel-
opments in IPR, Administration of Patent System, Trade Secret, Copyright Infringement.

4. Books and Materials

Text Books:
1. C.R. Kothari, Gaurav Garg, Research Methodology : Methods And Techniques, New
Age International Publishers; 4th edition, 2019
2. P Suganda Devi, Research Methodology: A Handbook for Beginners, Notion Press;
1st edition, 2017
3. Brad Sherman and Lionel Bently, Intellectual Property Law, Oxford University Press,
4th edition, 2014

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I YEAR II SEMESTER
 Course Structure
B5405 - Analog and Digital CMOS VLSI Design

Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks

L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
3 0 0 42 0 0 3 30 70 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview
This course serves as a brief overview of the topic of Analog and Digital CMOS VLSI
design. It is a high-level view of what VLSI design is all about and discusses the require-
ments for a designer in this field. Silicon models of information and different functions,
implemented in analog and digital CMOS integrated circuits. This course focuses on struc-
tured design, scalability, parallelism, low-power consumption, and robustness to process
variations. Topics include Combinational logic, Sequential logic, Single Stage Amplifier,
Passive and active current mirrors, and Frequency response of CS stage.

Course Pre/co-requisites
This course has no specific prerequisite and co requisite.

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:

B5405.1 Analyze the electrical characteristics of analog and digital circuits using
MOSFETs
B5405.2 Solve engineering problems for feasible and optimal solutions in analog and
digital circuits
B5405.3 Design fully compensated OpAmp against process, supply and temperature
variations
B5405.4 Identify suitable types of the current mirrors and frequency response of the
CS stage using MOSFETs to design efficient system as per the specifications
B5405.5 Analyze the physical design flow of different combinational and sequential
logic circuits

3. Course Syllabus
Quality Metrics of a Digital Design: Cost, Functionality, Robustness, Power, Energy
Consumption, Wire: Interconnect Parameters, Electrical Wire Models. CMOS Inverter -
Static CMOS inverter, Switching threshold and noise margin concepts, Dynamic behav-
ior, Dynamic Power consumption, Static Consumption, Stick diagram and Layout.

Physical Design Flow: Floor planning, Placement, Routing, CTS, Power analysis and
IR drop, ESD protection. Combinational Logic - Static CMOS design, Logic effort,
Rationed logic, Pass transistor logic, Dynamic logic, Speed and power dissipation in dy-
namic logic, Cascading dynamic gates, CMOS transmission gate logic.

Sequential Logic: Static latches and registers, Bi-stability principle, MUX based latches,
Master-Slave edge-triggered register, Static SR flip-flops, Dynamic latches and registers,

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 Concept of pipelining, Pulse registers, Non-bistable sequential circuit.

Single Stage Amplifier: CS stage with resistance load, Divide connected load, Current
source load, Triode load, CS stage with source degeneration, Source follower, Common
gate stage, Cascode stage, Choice of device models. Differential Amplifiers - Basic differ-
ence pair, Common mode response, Differential pair with MOS loads, Gilbert cell.

Passive and Active Current Mirrors: Basic current mirrors, Cascade mirrors, Active
current mirrors. Frequency response of CS stage - Source follower, Common gate stage,
Cascode stage and difference pair, Operational amplifiers - One stage OP-AMP, Two stage
OP-AMP, Gain boosting, Common mode feedback, Slew rate, PSRR, Compensation of
two stage OP-AMP.

4. Books and Materials

Text Books:
1. J P Rabaey, A P Chandrakasan, B Nikolic, “Digital Integrated Circuits: A Design
Perspective”, Prentice Hall Electronics and VLSI Series, 2nd Edition.
2. Baker, Li, Boyce, “CMOS Circuit Design, Layout, and Simulation”, Wiley, 2nd Edition.
3. Behzad Razavi , “Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits”, TMH, 2007.
4. K.Lal Kishore, V.S.V. Prabhakar, “VLSI Design”, I.K. International Publishing House
Pvt. Ltd., 2009.

Reference Books:
1. Phillip E. Allen and Douglas R. Holberg, “CMOS Analog Circuit Design”, Oxford, 3rd
Edition.
2. R J Baker, “CMOS Circuit Design, Layout and Simulation”, IEEE Inc., 2008.
3. Kang, S. and Leblebici, Y., “CMOS Digital Integrated Circuits, Analysis and Design”,
TMH, 3rd Edition
4. Pucknell, D.A. and Eshraghian, K., “Basic VLSI Design”, PHI, 3rd Edition.

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 Course Structure
B5406 - Advanced Digital Signal Processing

Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks

L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
3 0 0 42 0 0 3 30 70 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview
The course includes a review of the linear constant-coefficient system properties covered in
an undergraduate DSP course, and then examines a variety of multi rate filter structures,
time-varying and adaptive systems, fast algorithms, and other topics like applications on
adaptive filters using different algorithms like LMS and RLS which are relevant to the
research areas of the students. In this course power spectrum estimation is discussed in
detail using parametric and non-parametric methods.

Course Pre/co-requisites
This course has no specific prerequisite and co requisite.

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:

B5406.1 Interpret design of FIR and IIR digital filters along with realization tech-
niques.
B5406.2 Apply multi rate signal processing techniques to design poly phase filters,
QMF, digital filter banks etc.
B5406.3 Design and analyze linear prediction filters and solution to normal equa-
tions.
B5406.4 Analyze adaptive filters and its applications using various algorithms.
B5406.5 Estimate the various power spectrum techniques using parametric and non-
parametric methods.

3. Course Syllabus
Overview of DSP: Overview of DSP, Characterization in time and frequency, FFT Al-
gorithms, Digital filter design and structures: Basic FIR/IIR filter design & structures,
design techniques of linear phase FIR filters, IIR filters by impulse in variance, bi-linear
transformation, FIR/IIR Cascaded lattice structures, parallel realization of IIR.

Multi Rate DSP: Multi rate DSP, Decimators and Interpolators, Sampling rate conver-
sion, multistage decimator & interpolator, poly phase filters, QMF, digital filter banks,
Applications in sub band coding.

Linear Prediction & Optimum Linear Filters: Linear prediction & optimum linear
filters, stationary random process, forward-backward linear prediction filters, solution of
normal equations, AR Lattice and ARMA Lattice-Ladder Filters, Wiener Filters for Fil-
tering and Prediction.

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 Adaptive Filters: Adaptive Filters, Applications, Gradient Adaptive Lattice, Minimum
mean square criterion, LMS algorithm, Recursive Least Square algorithm

Estimation of Spectra from Finite: Duration observations of Signals. Non para-

metric methods for power spectrum estimation, parametric methods for power spectrum
estimation, minimum-variance spectral estimation, Eigen analysis algorithms for spec-
trum estimation.

4. Books and Materials

Text Books:
1. J.G.Proakis and D.G.Manolakis “Digital signal processing: Principles, Algorithm and
Applications”, 4th Edition, Prentice Hall, 2007.
2. N. J. Fliege, “Multirate Digital Signal Processing: Multirate Systems -Filter Banks
–Wavelets”, 1st Edition, John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 1999

Reference Books:
1. Bruce W. Suter, “Multirate and Wavelet Signal Processing”, 1st Edition, Academic
Press,1997.
2. M. H. Hayes, “Statistical Digital Signal Processing and Modeling”, John Wiley &
SonsInc., 2002.

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 Course Structure
B5407 - Analog and Digital CMOS VLSI Design Laboratory

Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks

L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
0 0 4 0 0 56 2 30 70 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview
This laboratory course provides an insight into the design and analysis of various Analog
and Digital CMOS VLSI circuits. The students will gain knowledge on amplifiers, current
mirrors, combinational circuits, sequential circuits, memory circuits. The analysis of these
circuits in terms of process variations, low power consumption, area using EDA tools like
cadence, mentor graphics, ngspice will help the students in design and implementation of
real time applications.

Course Pre/co-requisites
This course has no specific prerequisite and co requisite.

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:

B5407.1 Design the practical amplifiers, small systems and their design parameter
trade-offs
B5407.2 Experiment with various analog and digital CMOS VLSI circuits to achieve
the high performance in real time applications
B5407.3 Design the various VLSI circuits for given specifications using EDA tools
B5407.4 Design the VLSI circuits suited for wide range of applications
B5407.5 Solve problems in logic verification and timing calculation of digital circuits

3. Course Syllabus
1. MOS Device Characterization and parametric analysis
2. Common Source Amplifier
3. Common Source Amplifier with source degeneration
4. Cascode amplifier
5. Simple current mirror
6. Cascode current mirror.
7. Wilson current mirror.
8. Full Adder
9. RS-Latch
10. Clock Divider
11. JK-Flip Flop
12. Synchronous Counter
13. Asynchronous Counter
14. Static RAM Cell

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4. Laboratory Equipment/Software/Tools Required
1. Cadence

5. Books and Materials

Text Books:
1. J P Rabaey, A P Chandrakasan, B Nikolic, “Digital Integrated Circuits: A Design
Perspective”, Prentice Hall Electronics and VLSI Series, 2nd Edition.
2. Baker, Li, Boyce, “CMOS Circuit Design, Layout, and Simulation”, Wiley, 2nd Edition.
3. Behzad Razavi , “Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits”, TMH, 2007.
4. K.Lal Kishore, V.S.V. Prabhakar, “VLSI Design”, I.K. International Publishing House
Pvt. Ltd., 2009.

Reference Books:
1. Phillip E. Allen and Douglas R. Holberg, “CMOS Analog Circuit Design”, Oxford, 3rd
Edition.
2. R J Baker, “CMOS Circuit Design, Layout and Simulation”, IEEE Inc., 2008.
3. Kang, S. and Leblebici, Y., “CMOS Digital Integrated Circuits, Analysis and Design”,
TMH, 3rd Edition
4. Pucknell, D.A. and Eshraghian, K., “Basic VLSI Design”, PHI, 3rd Edition.

17 www.vardhaman.org
 Course Structure
B5408 - Advanced Digital Signal Processing Laboratory

Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks

L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
0 0 4 0 0 56 2 30 70 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview
The course describes how to solve simple problems in the areas of communications and
signal processing in a MATLAB environment. The course provide practical experience of
signal and image processing implementation in preparation for the project. The course
will be composed of programming sessions and course assignments covering discrete time
signal analysis, communications and image processing. Experiments cover fundamental
concepts of digital signal processing like sampling and aliasing, quantization in A/D con-
version and in internal arithmetic operations, digital filter design and implementation,
signal generation, spectrum estimation and fast transforms, sampling-rate conversion
and multi-rate processing. Application experiments address a selection of multi-media
and digital communications problems.

Course Pre/co-requisites
This course has no specific prerequisite and co requisite.

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:

B5408.1 Analyze the properties of discrete-time systems to compute the linear con-
volution and correlations of discrete-time sequences
B5408.2 Evaluate the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) of a sequence to compute
the linear convolution of two sequences.
B5408.3 Design and Implement the FIR and IIR digital filters for the given specifi-
cations.
B5408.4 Examine the Multirate Digital Signal Process Approaches.
B5408.5 Analyze the various power spectrum techniques to calculate the Power Spec-
tral Density

3. Course Syllabus
1. Calculation of auto correlation and cross correlation
2. Butterworth lowpass and highpass filter design
3. Chebychev type I, II filter design
4. FIR filter design
5. Estimating the cost of filter
6. Decimation and interpolation using rationale factors
7. Wiener filter design
8. Linear prediction filter design
9. Adaptive filter design for noise cancellation
10. Estimation of power spectral density
11. Estimation of PSD using parametric method

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 12. Estimation of PSD using non-parametric method
13. Stability using Hurwitz Routh criteria

4. Laboratory Equipment/Software/Tools Required

1. MATLAB

5. Books and Materials

Text Books:
1. 1.J.G.Proakis and D.G.Manolakis “Digital signal processing: Principles, Algorithm
and Applications”, 4th Edition, Prentice Hall, 2007.
2. N. J. Fliege, “Multirate Digital Signal Processing: Multirate Systems -Filter Banks
–Wavelets”, 1st Edition, John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 1999

Reference Books:
1. Bruce W. Suter, “Multirate and Wavelet Signal Processing”, 1st Edition, Academic
Press,1997.
2. M. H. Hayes, “Statistical Digital Signal Processing and Modeling”, John Wiley &
SonsInc., 2002.

19 www.vardhaman.org
Professional Electives
 Course Structure
B5451 - Ad-hoc & Wireless Sensor Networks

Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks

L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
3 0 0 42 0 0 3 30 70 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview
This course will provide students with an understanding of wireless adhoc and sensor
networks enable them to recognize the wide range of applicability of these networks and
provide them with an understanding of the major design issues including topics such as
protocol mechanisms and resource constraints..

Course Pre/co-requisites
This course has no specific prerequisite and co-requisite.

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:

B5451.1 Explain the Fundamental Concepts and applications of ad hoc and wireless
sensor networks..
B5451.2 Analyze the operation and the performance of MAC layer protocols of Ad-
hoc wireless networks.
B5451.3 Describe the routing protocols for Adhoc wireless network.
B5451.4 Design transport layer protocol of Adhoc wireless networks.
B5451.5 Discuss the sensor network Architecture and will be able to distinguish
between protocols used in Adhoc wireless network and wireless sensor net-
works.

3. Course Syllabus
Wireless LANs and PANs : Introduction, Fundamentals of WLANS, IEEE 802.11
Standards, HIPERLAN Standard, Bluetooth, Home RF. AD HOC WIRELESS NET-
WORKS: Introduction, Issues in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks.

MAC Protocols : Introduction, Issues in Designing a MAC protocol for Ad Hoc Wire-
less Networks, Design goals of a MAC Protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Classifi-
cations of MAC Protocols, Contention - Based Protocols, Contention - Based Protocols
with reservation Mechanisms, Contention – Based MAC Protocols with Scheduling Mech-
anisms, MAC Protocols that use Directional Antennas, Other MAC Protocols.

Routing Protocols : Introduction, Issues in Designing a Routing Protocol for Ad Hoc

Wireless Networks, Classification of Routing Protocols, Table –Driven Routing Protocols,
On – Demand Routing Protocols, Hybrid Routing Protocols, Routing Protocols with Ef-
ficient Flooding Mechanisms, Hierarchical Routing Protocols, Power – Aware Routing
Protocols.

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 Transport Layer Protocols : Introduction, Issues in Designing a Transport Layer Pro-
tocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Design Goals of a Transport Layer Protocol for Ad
Hoc Wireless Networks, Classification of Transport Layer Solutions, TCP Over Ad Hoc
Wireless Networks, Other Transport Layer Protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks.

Sensor Network: Introduction, Sensor Network Architecture, Data Dissemination,

Data Gathering, MAC Protocols for Sensor Networks, Location Discovery, Quality of
a Sensor Network, Evolving Standards, Other Issues.

4. Books and Materials

Text Books:
1. Ad Hoc Wireless Networks: Architectures and Protocols - C. Siva Ram Murthy and
B. S. Manoj, 2004, PHI.
2. Wireless Ad- hoc and Sensor Networks: Protocols, Performance and Control - Jagan-
nathan Sarangapani, CRC Press.

Reference Books:
1. Ad- Hoc Mobile Wireless Networks: Protocols & Systems, C. K. Toh, 1st Ed. Pearson
Education.
2. Wireless Sensor Networks - C. S. Raghavendra, Krishna M. Sivalingam, 2004, Springer.

22 www.vardhaman.org
 Course Structure
B5452 - Cognitive Radio Networks

Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks

L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
3 0 0 42 0 0 3 30 70 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview
The Course describes the basics of the software defined radio. This Course provides
Comprehensive coverage of hardware and software architecture of software defined radio.
course interpret the design and implementation algorithms for cognitive radio spectrum
sensing and dynamic spectrum access. Course deals with the design of the wireless net-
works based on the cognitive radios

Course Pre/co-requisites
This course has no specific prerequisite and co requisite.

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:

B5452.1 Explain the evaluation of Software Defined Radio to Cognitive Radio.

B5452.2 Interpret the basics of various spectrum sensing techniques and Algorithms
B5452.3 Recognize the concepts of cooperative spectrum sensing and handoff process
B5452.4 Describe the issues regarding dynamic spectrum access, the radio-resource
management
B5452.5 Apply optimization techniques to design better spectrum exploitation.

3. Course Syllabus
Introduction to Cognitive Radios : Digital dividend, Cognitive Radio (CR) archi-
tecture, functions of cognitive radio, Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA), components of
cognitive radio, spectrum sensing, spectrum analysis and decision, potential applications
of cognitive radio.

Spectrum Sensing : Spectrum sensing, detection of spectrum holes (TVWS), collab-

orative sensing, geo-location database and spectrum sharing business models (spectrum
of commons, real time secondary spectrum market).

Optimization Techniques of Dynamic Spectrum Allocation: Linear programming,

convex programming, non-linear programming, integer programming, dynamic program-
ming, stochastic programming.

Dynamic Spectrum Access and Management :Spectrum broker, cognitive radio ar-
chitectures, centralized dynamic spectrum access, distributed dynamic spectrum access,
learning algorithms and protocols.

Spectrum Trading : Introduction to spectrum trading, classification to spectrum trad-

ing, radio resource pricing, brief discussion on economics theories in DSA (utility, auction

23 www.vardhaman.org
 theory), classification of auctions (single auctions, double auctions, concurrent, sequen-
tial)

4. Books and Materials

Text Books:
1. Kwang-Cheng Chen, Ramjee Prasad, “Cognitive Radio Networks”, John Wiley & Sons
Ltd., 2009.
2. Huseyin Arslan, “Cognitive Radio, Software Defined Radio, and Adaptive Wireless
Systems”, Springer, 2007.

Reference Books:
1. Ekram Hossain, Dusit Niyato, Zhu Han, “Dynamic Spectrum Access and Management
in Cognitive Radio Networks”, Cambridge University Press, 2009.
2. Bruce Fette, “Cognitive Radio Technology”, Elsevier, 2nd Edition, 2009.
3. Francisco Rodrigo Porto Cavalcanti, Soren Andersson, “Optimizing Wireless Commu-
nication Systems” Springer, 2009.
4. Linda Doyle, “Essentials of Cognitive Radio”, Cambridge University Press, 2009.

24 www.vardhaman.org
 Course Structure
B5453 - Next Generation Mobile Networks

Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks

L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
3 0 0 42 0 0 3 30 70 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview
This course gives a comprehensive overview of the current state of the 5G landscape,
covering everything from the most likely use cases, to a wide range of technology options
and potential 5G system architectures, to spectrum issues. This course explain the archi-
tecture, Beam forming and hardware technologies for mm W communication.

Course Pre/co-requisites
This course has no specific prerequisite and co-requisite.

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:

B5453.1 Explain the evolution of 5G, system concepts and physical architecture.
B5453.2 llustrate the fundamentals, resource allocation and transceiver algorithms
for Massive MIMO
B5453.3 Explain the architecture, Beam forming and hardware technologies for
mmW communications
B5453.4 Compare and explain various radio access technologies for 5G networks.
B5453.5 Analyze Machine Type Communications (MTC) and D2D Communication
making use of fundamental techniques.

3. Course Syllabus
Introduction and Roadmap to 5G : Historical trend and evolution of LTE technology
to beyond 4G – Key building blocks of 5G – 5G use cases and System Concepts – The
5G Architecture – IoT: relation to 5G.

RF Front End For 5G: Millimeter Wave Communications: Hardware technologies for
mmW systems – Architecture and Mobility – Massive MIMO: Resource allocation and
transceiver algorithms for massive MIMO - Fundamentals of baseband and RF implemen-
tations in massive MIMO – Beamforming.

5G Waveforms and Channel Modules: 5G Radio Access Technologies: Design prin-

ciples - Multi-carrier with filtering - Non orthogonal Multiple Access - Radio access for
dense deployments – Radio Access for V2X Communication - Radio access for massive
machine-type communication - 5G wireless propagation channel models: Modelling re-
quirements and scenarios - The METIS channel models.

Networking in 5G: Coordinated multi-point transmission in 5G: Joint Transmission

CoMP enablers - Distributed cooperative transmission - JT CoMP with advanced re-
ceivers - Relaying and network coding in 5G: Multi-flow wireless backhauling - Bufferaided

25 www.vardhaman.org
 relaying.

Evaluation of 5G and 5G Applications : Machine-type communications: Funda-

mental techniques for MTC - Massive MTC - Ultra-reliable low-latency MTC - Device-
to-device (D2D) communications - Multi-hop D2D communications - Multi-operator D2D
communication - Simulation methodology: Evaluation methodology – Calibration - New
challenges in the 5G modelling.

4. Books and Materials

Text Books:
1. Jonathan rodriguez, - Fundamentals of 5G mobile networks, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd,
2015.

Reference Books:
1. Wei Xiang, Kan Zheng, Xuemin (Sherman) Shen, - 5G Mobile Communications,
Springer, 2017.
2. Afif Osseiran, Jose F. Monserrat and Patrick Marsch, - 5G Mobile and Wireless Com-
munications Technology, Cambridge University Press, 2016.

26 www.vardhaman.org
 Course Structure
B5454 - Low Power VLSI Design

Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks

L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
3 0 0 42 0 0 3 30 70 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview
This course introduces various strategies and methodologies for designing low power cir-
cuit. It describes the many issues facing designers at architectural, logic, circuit and
device levels and presents some of the techniques that have been proposed to overcome
these difficulties. This course is a dynamic research area driven by battery–powered
portable computing and wireless communications products. It has become critical to the
continued progress of high–performance and reliable microelectronic systems. The course
addresses the concepts, principles and techniques to reduce the power in VLSI systems.

Course Pre/co-requisites
This course has no specific prerequisite and co requisite.

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:

B5454.1 Identify the sources of power dissipation in digital IC systems

B5454.2 Examine the impact of power on system performance and reliability
B5454.3 Analyze the sources of leakage power dissipation and reduction techniques
B5454.4 Inspect the issues in VLSI systems, specific to the deep-submicron silicon
technologies
B5454.5 Analyze the power optimization and trade-off techniques in digital circuits

3. Course Syllabus
Physics of Power Dissipation in CMOS : Introduction, sources of power dissipation,
designing for low power. Physics of power dissipation in MOSFET devices-MIS structure,
long channel and sub-micron MOSFET, Gate induced Drain leakage, Power dissipation in
CMOS-Short circuit dissipation, dynamic dissipation, and load capacitance. Low Power
VLSI Design Limits -Principles of Low power design, hierarchy of limits, fundamental
limits, material, device, circuit and system limits.

Statistical Techniques : Estimating Average Power in Combinational and sequential

circuits, Monte-carlo based estimation of glitching power, power estimation using input
vector compaction. Software Design for Low Power :Introduction, sources of soft-
ware power dissipation, software power estimation and optimization.

Design of Low Power Circuits : Transistor and Gate Sizing : Sizing an Inverter Chain,
Transistor and Gate Sizing for Dynamic Power Reduction, Transistor Sizing for Leakage
Power Reduction - Network Restructuring and Reorganization : Transistor Network Re-
structuring, Transistor Network Partitioning and Reorganization - Special Latches and

27 www.vardhaman.org
 Flip-flops : Self-gating Flip-flop, Combinational Flip-flop, Double Edge Triggered Flip-
flop.

Design and Test of Low Voltage CMOS Circuits : - Introduction, circuit design
styles, leakage current in deep sub - micrometer transistors, device design issues, minimiz-
ing short channel effect, low voltage circuit design techniques using reverse Vgs, multiple
threshold voltages, multiple supply voltages

Special Techniques : Power Reduction in Clock Networks, CMOS Floating Node, Low
Power Bus, Delay Balancing, Low Power Techniques for SRAM. Advanced Techniques -
Adiabatic Computation, Pass Transistor Logic Synthesis, Asynchronous Circuits

4. Books and Materials

Text Books:
1. 1.Kaushik Roy, Sharat C. Prasad (2000), Low-Power CMOS VLSI Circuit Design,
Wiley India, New Delhi.
2. Gary Yeap (1998), Practical Low Power Digital VLSI Design, Springer Science+Business
Media New York.

Reference Books:
1. Anantha P. Chandrakasan, Robert W. Brodersen (1998), Low - Power CMOS Design,
IEEE Press, USA.
2. Christian Piguet (2006), Low-Power CMOS Circuits: Technology, Logic Design and
CAD Tools, CRC Taylor & Francis, USA.

28 www.vardhaman.org
 Course Structure
B5455 - Scripting Languages for VLSI Design Automation

Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks

L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
3 0 0 42 0 0 3 30 70 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview
A scripting language is a programming language for a runtime system that automates the
execution of tasks that would otherwise be performed individually by a human operator.
Scripting languages are usually interpreted at runtime rather than compiled. The spec-
trum of scripting languages ranges from small to large, and from highly domain-specific
language to general-purpose programming languages. A language may start as small and
highly domain-specific and later develop into a portable and general-purpose language;
conversely, a general-purpose language may later develop special domain-specific dialects.

Course Pre/co-requisites
This course has no specific prerequisite and co-requisite.

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

B5455.1 Apply the suitable commands to work in LINUX environment.

B5455.2 Identify the strengths and weakness of various scripting language for solving
a given problem.
B5455.3 Develop the TCL & TK scripts for automation.
B5455.4 Design Scripting applications using python tuples, dictionaries and lists.
B5455.5 Make use of Python language fundamentals to implement required scripts.

3. Course Syllabus
LINUX Basics: Introduction to Linux, File System of Linux, General usage of Linux
Kernel and Basic Commands, Linux users and group, Permissions for file, directory and
users, Searching a file and directory, zipping and unzipping concepts.

PERL Basics: History and Concepts of PERL - Scalar Data - Arrays and List Data -
Control structures – Hashes - Basics I/O - Regular Expressions – Functions - Miscella-
neous control structures - Formats.

Advanced Topics in PERL: Directory access - File and Directory manipulation - Pro-
cess Management - Packages and Modules.

TCL Basics:An Overview of TCL and Tk -Tcl Language syntax – Variables – Expres-
sions – Lists - Control flow– procedures - Errors and exceptions - String manipulations.
Advanced Topics in TCL Accessing files- Processes. Applications - Controlling Tools -
Basics of Tk.

Python Basics: Introduction to Python – Using Python interpreter – Control flow Tools
– Data structures –Modules. Advanced Topics in Python - Input and Output – Errors

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 and Exceptions – Classes – Brief tour on standard library.

4. Books and Materials

Text Books:
1. Richard Petersen, “Linux: The Complete Reference, 6th Edition”, McGraw-Hill, 2007.
2. Guido van Rossum Fred L. Drake, Jr., editor, “Python Tutorial Release 3.2.3”, 2012.
3. Larry Wall, Tom Christiansen, John Orwant, “Programming PERL”, Oreilly Publica-
tions, Fourth Edition, 2012.

Reference Books:
1. John K. Ousterhout, Ken Jones, “Tcl and the Tk Toolkit”, Pearson Education, Second
Edition, 2010

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 Course Structure
B5456 - Machine Learning for Hardware Design

Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks

L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
3 0 0 42 0 0 3 30 70 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview
This course deals with building hardware designs for machine learning systems using
state-of-the art platforms like FPGAs. It emphasizes to develop low power and high
speed hardware architectures for machine learning.

Course Pre/co-requisites
This course has no specific prerequisite and co requisite.

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:

B5456.1 Interpret the basics of Deep Neural Networks

B5456.2 Analyze the metrics for hardware design
B5456.3 Apply the hardware design methods to Machine Learning or Deep Neural
Networks model
B5456.4 Analyze different hardware level techniques to apply them for Neural net-
works
B5456.5 Estimate the challenges in designing efficient hardware for DNN models

3. Course Syllabus
Overview of Deep Neural Networks: Introduction to ML and Deep Neural Networks
(DNNs), Need of DNNs for hardware design, Connections within a layer and between lay-
ers, Popular types of layers- CONV layer, FC layer, Non-linearity, Pooling and Unpooling,
Normalization, Convolutional Neural

Key Metrics and Design Objectives: Accuracy, throughput and latency, energy ef-
ficiency and power consumption, hardware cost, flexibility, scalability, interplay between
different metrics. Kernel Computation- matrix multiplication, optimizing performance,
computation transform optimizations.

Designing DNN Accelerators: data reuse- temporal reuse, spatial reuse, techniques
to reduce reuse distance, dataflEvaluation Metrics, DNN hardware design considerations,
architectural techniques for exploiting ows, dataflow taxonomy, dataflows for cross-layer
processing.

Software and Co-Design Optimization: Resource Requirements of State-of-the-Art

Neural Networks, Pruning and Sparsity, Weight Sharing, Compact Network Architec-
tures, Hardware–Software Co-design, Bit-Precision, Systolic Arrays. Hardware-Level
Techniques - Dataflows and Architectures for Accelerators, Hardware Friendly Strate-
gies for Deep CNN Accelerators, Memory-Efficient Architectures, Hardware Architectural

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 Techniques for Leveraging Sparsity in Neural Networks.

Error Resilience Analysis: DNN-Specific Approximations for Low-Power Accelera-

tors, Energy-Efficient Hardware Accelerator Design Methodology for Neural Networks,
Efficient Machine Learning Architectures: Challenges and the Way Forward-Optimizing
Memory vs. Computations, Neuromorphic Computing, Accuracy vs. Energy Trade-off,
Adaptability, (Re-)configurability, and Scalability, Run-Time Evolutionary Algorithms
for Designing and Optimizing DNN Architectures.

4. Books and Materials

Text Books:
1. S.H. Gerez, “Algorithms for VLSI Design Automation”, John Wiley & Sons, 1999.
2. Giovanni De Michele “Synthesis and optimization of digital circuits”, Mc Graw Hill,
1994.

Reference Books:
1. Soha Hassoun and Tsutomu Sasao “Logic Synthesis and verification”, Kluwer Academic
Publisher, 2003.
2. Sherwani “An Introduction to Physical VLSI Design”, Prentice Hall of India, 2004.

32 www.vardhaman.org
 Course Structure
B5457 - Coding Theory and Techniques

Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks

L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
3 0 0 42 0 0 3 30 70 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview
Error control coding is an indispensible part of any digital communication system. This
course focus on theory of liner block codes and convolutional codes, their encoding and
decoding techniques as well as their applications in real world scenarios starting from
simple repetition codes, Hamming codes, Reed Muller codes, low density parity check
codes, and turbo codes.

Course Pre/co-requisites
This course has no specific prerequisite and co requisite.

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:

B5457.1 Explain measurement of information and errors.

B5457.2 Obtain knowledge in designing Linear Block Codes and Cyclic codes.
B5457.3 Construct tree and trellies diagrams for convolution codes.
B5457.4 Analyze the concatenated convolutional codes.
B5457.5 Design the Turbo codes and Space time codes and also their applications

3. Course Syllabus
Coding for Reliable Digital Transmission and Storage: Mathematical model of In-
formation, A Logarithmic Measure of Information, Average and Mutual Information and
Entropy, Types of Errors, Error Control Strategies. Linear Block Codes - Introduction to
Linear Block Codes, Syndrome and Error Detection, Minimum Distance of a Block code,
Error-Detecting and Error-correcting Capabilities of a Block code, Standard array and
Syndrome Decoding, Probability of an undetected error for Linear Codes over a BSC,
Hamming Codes. Applications of Block codes for Error control in data storage system

Cyclic Codes: Description, Generator and Parity-check Matrices, Encoding, Syndrome

Computation and Error Detection, Decoding, Cyclic Hamming Codes, Shortened cyclic
codes, Error-trapping decoding for cyclic codes, Majority logic decoding for cyclic codes.

Convolutional Codes: Encoding of Convolutional Codes, Structural and Distance

Properties, maximum likelihood decoding, Sequential decoding, Majority- logic decod-
ing of Convolution codes. Application of Viterbi Decoding and Sequential Decoding,
Applications of Convolutional codes in ARQ system

Turbo Codes: LDPC Codes- Codes based on sparse graphs, Decoding for binary erasure
channel, Log-likelihood algebra, Brief propagation, Product codes, Iterative decoding of
product codes, Concatenated convolutional codes- Parallel concatenation, The UMTS

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 Turbo code, Serial concatenation, Parallel concatenation, Turbo decoding.

Space-Time Codes: Introduction, Digital modulation schemes, Diversity, Orthogonal

space- Time Block codes, Alamouti’s schemes, Extension to more than Two Transmit
Antennas, Spatial Multiplexing: General Concept, Iterative APP Preprocessing and Per-
layer Decoding, Linear Multilayer Detection, Original BLAST Detection, QL Decompo-
sition and Interface Cancellation.

4. Books and Materials

Text Books:
1. Error Control Coding- Fundamentals and Applications –Shu Lin, Daniel J. Costello,
Jr,Prentice Hall, Inc
2. Error Correcting Coding Theory-Man Young Rhee, McGraw-Hill, 1989.

Reference Books:
1. Digital Communications-Fundamental and Application - Bernard Sklar, PE.
2. Digital Communications- John G. Proakis, 5th Edition. TMH, 2008.
3. Error Correction Coding – Mathematical Methods and Algorithms – Todd K. Moon,
WileyIndia, 2006.
4. Information Theory, Coding and Cryptography – Ranjan Bose, 2nd Edition, TMH,
2009.

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 Course Structure
B5458 - MIMO Systems

Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks

L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
3 0 0 42 0 0 3 30 70 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview
Digital communication using multiple-input–multiple output (MIMO), sometimes called
a “volume-to-volume” wireless link, has recently emerged as one of the most significant
technical breakthroughs in modern communications. The technology figures prominently
on the list of recent technical advances with a chance of resolving the bottleneck of traf-
fic capacity in future Internet-intensive wireless networks. This course covers various
diversity techniques, capacity models and coding techniques for MIMO communication
systems.

Course Pre/co-requisites
This course has no specific prerequisite and co-requisite.

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:

B5458.1 Examine channel modeling and propagation, MIMO receivers, MIMO for
multi-carrier systems, multi-user communications, multi-user MIMO.
B5458.2 Examine the performance of Communication system with multiple antennas
at Transmitter and/or Receiver under various fading environments
B5458.3 Analyze the capacity of MIMO systems for ergodic and non-ergodic channel
models
B5458.4 Apply the various space-time codes to achieve spatial diversity.
B5458.5 Utilize the iterative decoding algorithms to decode Concatenated codes for
AWGN channel of MIMO system.

3. Course Syllabus
MIMO Systems: Overview of MIMO Communications - What is MIMO, History of
MIMO, Smart antennas vs MIMO, Single user and multi user MIMO, Introduction to
Spatial Diversity, Introduction to Spatial multiplexing.

Fading Channels and Diversity Techniques: Wireless channels – Error/Outage

probability over fading channels – Diversity techniques – Channel coding as a means
of time diversity – Multiple antennas in wireless communications.

Capacity and Information Rates of MIMO Channels: Capacity and Information

rates of noisy, AWGN and fading channels – Capacity of MIMO channels – Capacity of
non-coherent MIMO channels – Constrained signaling for MIMO communications.

Space-Time Block and Trellis Codes: Transmit diversity with two antennas: The
Alamouti scheme –Orthogonal. and Quasi-orthogonal space-time block codes – Linear

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 dispersion codes – Generic space-time trellis codes – Basic space-time code design prin-
ciples – Representation of space-time trellis codes for PSK constellation – Performance
analysis for space-time trellis codes – Comparison of space-time block and trellis codes.

Concatenated Codes and Iterative Decoding: Development of concatenated codes

– Concatenated codes for AWGN and MIMO channels – Turbo coded modulation for
MIMO channels – Concatenated space-time block coding.

4. Books and Materials

Text Books:
1. Tolga M. Duman and Ali Ghrayeb, “Coding for MIMO Communication Systems”,
John Wiley & Sons, West Sussex, England, 2007.
2. Jerry. R. Hampton, “Introduction to MIMO Communications”, CAMBRIDGE Uni-
versity Press 2014.

Reference Books:
1. E.G. Larsson and P. Stoica, “Space-Time Block Coding for Wireless Communications”,
Cambridge University Press, 2003.
2. M. Janakiraman, “Space-Time Codes and MIMO systems”, Artech House, 2004.

36 www.vardhaman.org
 Course Structure
B5459 - Communication Protocols For IoT
Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks
L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
3 0 0 42 0 0 3 30 70 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview
The course introduces you to advance concepts and design methodologies to design IoT
systems architecture and developing IoT applications for communication domain. It also
exposes participants to communication technologies and legacy protocols as well as newly
developed IoT specific application and physical layer protocols. The course covers Se-
curity Protocol in great detail with set of packages which makes it obvious choice as a
leading IoT Technology

Course Pre/co-requisites
This course has no specific prerequisite and co requisite.

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:
B5459.1 Identify the architecture of Internet of Things and connected world.
B5459.2 Determine the Real-World Design and Technical Design constraints
B5459.3 Analyze the Network layer Protocol and data link layer.
B5459.4 Apply various protocols for design of IoT systems.
B5459.5 Analyze IoT related Security Protocols.

3. Course Syllabus
Introduction: IoT architecture outline, standards - IoT Technology Fundamentals- De-
vices and gateways, Local and wide area networking, Data management, Business pro-
cesses in IoT, Everything as a Service (XaaS), M2M and IoT Analytics.

IoT Reference Architecture: Introduction, Functional View, Information View, De-

ployment and Operational View, Other Relevant Architectural views. Real-World Design
Constraints- Introduction, Technical Design constraints.

IoT Data Link Layer and Network Layer Protocols: PHY/MAC Layer (3GPP
MTC, IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.15), Wireless HART, ZWave, Bluetooth Low Energy, Zig-
bee Smart Energy, DASH7 - Network Layer-IPv4,IPv6, 6LoWPAN, 6TiSCH,ND, DHCP,
ICMP, RPL, CORPL, CARP.

IoT Transport and Session Layer Protocols:Transport Layer (TCP, MPTCP, UDP,
DCCP, SCTP)-(TLS, DTLS) – Session Layer-HTTP, CoAP, XMPP, AMQP, MQTT.

IoT Service Layer Protocols and Security Protocols: Service Layer -one M2M,
ETSI M2M, OMA, BBF – Security in IoT Protocols – MAC802.15.4, 6LowPAN, RPL,
Application Layer.

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4. Books and Materials
Text Books:
1. Daniel Minoli, “Building the Internet of Things with IPv6 and MIPv6: The Evolving
World of M2M Communications”, ISBN: 978-1-118-47347-4, Willy Publications, 2016.
2. Jan Holler, VlasiosTsiatsis, Catherine Mulligan, Stefan Avesand, Stamatis Karnouskos,
David Boyle,“From Machine-to-Machine to the Internet of Things: Introduction to a
New Age of Intelligence”,1st Edition, Academic Press, 2015.

Reference Books:
1. Bernd Scholz-Reiter, Florian Michahelles, “Architecting the Internet of Things”, ISBN
978-3-642-19156-5 e-ISBN 978-3-642-19157-2, Springer, 2016.
2. N. Ida, Sensors, Actuators and Their Interfaces, Scitech Publishers, 2014.

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 Course Structure
B5460 - System Verilog for Verification

Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks

L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
3 0 0 42 0 0 3 30 70 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview
SystemVerilog, standardized as IEEE 1800, is a hardware description and hardware veri-
fication language used to model, design, simulate, test and implement electronic systems.
SystemVerilog is based on Verilog and some extensions, and since 2008 Verilog is now part
of the same IEEE standard. It is commonly used in the semiconductor and electronic
design industry as an evolution of Verilog. In order to verify that the HDL is correct,
there is a need for a language with more features in object-oriented programing that
will support complicated testing procedures and is often called a Hardware Verification
Language. SystemVerilog is an extension of Verilog with many such verification features
that allow engineers to verify the design using complex testbench structures and random
stimuli in simulation.

Course Pre/co-requisites
This course has no specific prerequisite and co-requisite.

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:

B5460.1 Create reusable verification environment using Universal Verification

Methodology.
B5460.2 Analyze the use of procedural statements and routines in testbench design
with system verilog
B5460.3 Apply OOP concepts in designing testbench with system verilog.
B5460.4 Apply randomization concepts in designing testbench to generate all com-
binations of test cases
B5460.5 Make use of Assertions and functional coverage to meet all specifications

3. Course Syllabus
Verification Techniques: Introduction to Verification - Testing Vs Verification - Ver-
ification Technologies – Functional Verification- Code coverage – Functional coverage.
Testbench – Linear Testbench - Linear Random Testbench - Self-checking Testbench –
Regression - RTL Formal Verification. Basic OOP - OOP Terminology, Creating Object,
object deallocation, copying objects, static variables, Global variables, Inheritance, Poly-
morphism.

System Verilog – Data Types & Procedural Statements: Introduction to Sys-

temVerilog – Literal values-data Types – Arrays – Array methods – Creating new types
with typedef – user defined structures – Enumerated types – attributes - operators –
expressions - Procedural statements and control flow - Processes in SystemVerilog – Task

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 and functions – Routine arguments – Returning from a routine.

Connecting Testbench and Design: Program, Interface, Stimulus timing, Module

interactions, Connecting together, Development of self-checking test environment – Gen-
erator, Transactor, Driver, Monitor, Checker, Scoreboard

Randomization, Assertion and Coverage: Randomization in system Verilog, Con-

straints, Functional coverage, cross coverage, cover groups, Assertions.

Universal Verification Methodology: Introduction to UVM - Verification compo-

nents - Transaction level modeling. UVM – Verification Environments - Developing
reusable verification components - Using Verification components – Developing reusable
verification environment – Register classes.

4. Books and Materials

Text Books:
1. Christian B Spear, “System Verilog for Verification: A guide to learning the Testbench
language features”, Springer publications, 3rd Edition, 2012.
2. Ray Salmei, “The UVM Primer: A Step-by-Step Introduction to the Universal Verifi-
cation Methodology” Boston Light Press; 1st Edition, 2013.

Reference Books:
1. Vanessa R. Copper, “Getting started with UVM: A Beginner’s Guide”, Verilab Pub-
lishing, 1st Edition, 2013.
2. JanickBergeron, “Writing Testbenches using System Verilog” Synopsys Inc., Springer
Publications, 2006

40 www.vardhaman.org
 Course Structure
B5461 - VLSI Physical Design Automation
Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks
L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
3 0 0 42 0 0 3 30 70 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview
This course provides the concepts of design optimization algorithms and their application
to physical design automation. This course enables students to decompose large mapping
problem into pieces, including logic optimization with partitioning, placement and rout-
ing. The course focuses on the algorithms for the VLSI Physical Design automation. To
understand the influence of the algorithms in the design of VLSI ICs using advanced op-
timization techniques. To utilize EDA tools in the development of VLSI Physical Design
Automation Algorithms. To Formulate CAD design problems using algorithmic methods.

Course Pre/co-requisites
This course has no specific prerequisite and corequisite

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:
B5461.1 Analyze Physical Design Process such as partitioning, Floor planning,
Placement and Routing, simulation and synthesis for VLSI circuits.
B5461.2 Develop automation algorithms for partitioning, floor planning, placement
and routing
B5461.3 Analyze circuits using both analytical and CAD tools
B5461.4 Solve the performance issues in circuit layout.
B5461.5 Formulate CAD design problems using algorithmic methods.

3. Course Syllabus
Introduction to VLSI Physical Design Automation : VLSI Design Cycle, New
Trends in VLSI Design Cycle, Physical Design Cycle, New Trends in Physical Design
Cycle, Design Styles, System Packaging Styles, Historical Perspectives, Existing Design
Tools

Performance issues in circuit layout : Delay Models, Timing-Driven Placement,

Timing-Driven Routing, Via Minimization, Power Minimization.

Placement:Problem Formulation, Classification of Placement Algorithms, Simulation

Based Placement Algorithms, Partitioning Based Placement Algorithms, Other Place-
ment Algorithms, Performance Driven Placement.

Timing-Driven Placement Global Routing : Problem Formulation, Classification of

Global Routing, Maze Routing Algorithms, Line-Probe Algorithms, Shortest Path Based
Algorithms, Steiner Tree based Algorithms, Integer Programming Based Approach, Per-
formance Driven Routing.

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 Placement : Over the Cell Routing Via Minimization, Clock and Power Routing, Phys-
ical Design Automation of FPGAs.

4. Books and Materials

Text Books:
1. Naveed A. Sherwani “Algorithms for VLSI Physical Design Automation”, 3rd Edition,
Kluwer Academic Publishers.
2. M. Sarrafzadeh, C. K. Wong, “An Introduction to VLSI Physical Design”, The McGraw-
HillCompanies, Inc.

Reference Books:
1. Charles J. alpert, Dinesh p. Mehta, Sachin S. Sapatnekar “Handbook of Algorithms
for Physical design Automation”, CRC Press.
2. Andrew B. Kahng, Jens Lienig Igor L. Markov, Jin Hu, “VLSI Physical Design: From
Graph Partitioning to Timing Closure”, Springer.
3. Sadiq M Sait Habib Youssef, “VLSI Physical Design Automation Theory and Practice”,
World Scientific.
4. Sung Kyu Lim, “Practical Problems in VLSI Physical Design Automation”, Springer.

42 www.vardhaman.org
 Course Structure
B5462 - High Speed VLSI Design

Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks

L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
3 0 0 42 0 0 3 30 70 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview
This course introduces various strategies and methodologies for high speed systems. It
describes multiple issues which are facedby designers at architectural, logic, circuit and
device levels. It also presents various techniques being proposed to overcome the difficul-
ties in hierarchical design. The methods of clock distribution and clock generation are
also discussed for the design of high–performance and reliable microelectronic systems.
The course addresses the concepts, principles and techniques for high speed in VLSI de-
sign.

Course Pre/co-requisites
The course has no specific prerequisite and corequisite

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:

B5462.1 Explore the circuits and techniques involved in high speed VLSI design
B5462.2 Make use of various logic styles to design high speed VLSI circuits
B5462.3 Analyze design-driven performance variability, storage element designs and
related issues
B5462.4 Apply various chip interface techniques for high speed circuits
B5462.5 Apply clocking styles for high speed VLSI circuits

3. Course Syllabus
Clocked Logic Styles : Introduction, Single-Rail Domino Logic Styles, Dual-Rail
Domino Structures, Latched Domino Structures, Clocked pass Gate Logic. Non Clocked
Logic Styles, Static CMOS, DCVS Logic, Non-Clocked pass Gate Families, Adiabatic logic

Circuit Design Margin and Design Variability : Introduction, Process Induced

Variations, Design Induced Variations, Application Induced Variations, Noise

Latching Strategies : Introduction, Basic Latch Design, Latching Differential Logic,

Race Free Latches for Pre-charged Logic, Asynchronous Latch Techniques

Interface Techniques : Introduction, Signaling Standards, Chip-to-Chip Communica-

tion Networks, ESD Protection, Driver design techniques, receiver design techniques

Clocking Styles : Introduction, Clock Jitter, Clock Skew, Clock Generation, Clock
Distribution, Asynchronous Clocking Techniques

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4. Books and Materials
Text Books:
1. Kerry Bernstein, Keith M. Carrig & et Al., “High Speed CMOS Design Styles”, Kluwer
Academic Publishers, 2002.

Reference Books:
1. Howard Johnson & Martin Graham, “High Speed Digital Design” A Handbook of
Black Magic, Prentice Hall PTR, 1993.
2. William S. Dally & John W. Poulton, “Digital Systems Engineering”, Cambridge Uni-
versity Press, 1998.
3. Masakazu Shoji, “High Speed Digital Circuits”, Addison Wesley Publishing Company,
1996

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 Course Structure
B5463 - Detection and Estimation Theory

Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks

L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
3 0 0 42 0 0 3 30 70 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview
Signal detection and estimation is the area of study that deals with the processing of
information-bearing signals for the purpose of extracting information from them. Ap-
plications of the theory of signal detection and estimation are in many areas, such as
communications, automatic control, radar/ sonar, speech and image processing and med-
ical signal processing. In general, detection and estimation applications involve making
inferences from observations that are distorted or corrupted in some manner. As the in-
formation that one wishes to extract from such observation is unknown to the observer, it
is useful to cast detection and estimation problems in a probabilistic framework in which
unknown behavior is assumed to be random.

Course Pre/co-requisites
The course has no specific prerequisite and corequisite

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:

B5463.1 Analyze the various random processes for discrete linear models.
B5463.2 Apply the concept of probability for detection theory methods.
B5463.3 Differentiate between the linear and nonlinear minimum mean squared error
estimators.
B5463.4 Analyze estimation methods and filters
B5463.5 Measure the statistical parameters for random processes

3. Course Syllabus
Random Processes: Discrete Linear Models, Markov Sequences and Processes, Point
Processes, and Gaussian Processes.

Detection Theory: Basic Detection Problem, Maximum A posteriori Decision Rule,

Minimum Probability of Error Classifier, Bayes Decision Rule, Multiple-Class Prob-
lem (Bayes)- minimum probability error with and without equal a priori probabilities,
Neyman-Pearson Classifier, General Calculation of Probability of Error, General Gaus-
sian Problem, Composite Hypotheses.

Linear Minimum Mean-Square Error Filtering: Linear Minimum Mean Squared

Error Estimators, Nonlinear Minimum Mean Squared Error Estimators. Innovations,
Digital Wiener Filters with Stored Data, Real-time Digital Wiener Filters, Kalman Fil-
ters.

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 Statistics: Measurements, Nonparametric Estimators of Probability Distribution and
Density Functions, Point Estimators of Parameters, Measures of the Quality of Estima-
tors, Introduction to Interval Estimates, Distribution of Estimators, Tests of Hypotheses,
Simple Linear Regression, Multiple Linear Regression.

Estimating the Parameters of Random Processes from Data: Tests for Station-
arity and Ergodicity, Model-free Estimation, Model-based Estimation of Autocorrelation
Functions, Power Special Density Functions.

4. Books and Materials

Text Books:
1. Random Signals: Detection, Estimation and Data Analysis – K. Sam Shanmugan &
A.M. Breipohl, Wiley India Pvt. Ltd, 2011.
2. Random Processes: Filtering, Estimation and Detection – Lonnie C. Ludeman, Wiley
India Pvt. Ltd., 2010.

Reference Books:
1. Fundamentals of Statistical Signal Processing: Volume I Estimation Theory– Steven.
M. Kay, Prentice Hall, USA, 1998
2. Introduction to Statistical Signal Processing with Applications – Srinath, Rajasekaran,
Viswanathan, 2003, PHI.
3. Statistical Signal Processing: Detection, Estimation and Time Series Analysis – Louis
L. Scharf, 1991, Addison Wesley.
4. Signal Processing: Discrete Spectral Analysis – Detection & Estimation – Mischa
Schwartz, Leonard Shaw, 1975, Mc Graw Hill.

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 Course Structure
B5464 - Speech Processing

Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks

L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
3 0 0 42 0 0 3 30 70 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview
Speech Processing offers a practical and theoretical understanding of how human speech
can be processed by computers. It covers Fundamentals of Digital speech Processing,
Time domain models for speech processing, linear predictive coding analysis, Homomor-
phic speech processing, Automatic speech and Speaker Recognition. The course involves
practical concepts also where the student will build working speech recognition systems,
build their own synthetic voice and build a complete telephone spoken dialog system.
This work will be based on existing toolkits. Details of algorithms, techniques and limi-
tations of state of the art speech systems will also be presented. This course is designed
for students wishing understand how to process real data for real applications, applying
statistical and machine learning techniques and algorithms as well as working with limi-
tations in the technology.

Course Pre/co-requisites
This course has no specific prerequisite and corequisite.

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:

B5464.1 Interpret an electrical equivalent of Speech Production system.

B5464.2 Calculate LPC coefficients that can be used to Synthesize or compress the
speech
B5464.3 Design a Homomorphic vocoder for coding and decoding of speech
B5464.4 Generate the speech and can design an isolated word recognition system
using HMM
B5464.5 Analyze the features for Automatic speaker recognition and classification
system

3. Course Syllabus
Fundamentals of Digital Speech Processing: Anatomy & Physiology of Speech Or-
gans, The process of Speech Production, Acoustic Phonetics, Articulatory Phonetics, The
Acoustic Theory of Speech Production- Uniform lossless tube model, effect of losses in
vocal tract, effect of radiation at lips, Digital models for speech signals.

Time Domain Models for Speech Processing: Introduction- Window considera-

tions, Short time energy and average magnitude Short time average zero crossing rate,
Speech Vs Silence discrimination using energy and zero crossing, Pitch period estimation
using a parallel processing approach, The short time autocorrelation function, The short

47 www.vardhaman.org
 time average magnitude difference function, Pitch period estimation using the autocorre-
lation function.

Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) Analysis: Basic principles of Linear Predictive

Analysis: The Autocorrelation Method, The Covariance Method, Solution of LPC Equa-
tions: Cholesky Decomposition Solution for Covariance Method, Durbin’s Recursive So-
lution for the Autocorrelation Equations, Comparison between the Methods of Solution
of the LPC Analysis Equations, Applications of LPC Parameters: Pitch Detection using
LPC Parameters, Formant Analysis using LPC Pa Homomorphic Speech Processing

Homomorphic Speech Processing: Introduction, Homomorphic Systems for Convolu-

tion: Properties of the Complex Cepstrum, Computational Considerations, The Complex
Cepstrum of Speech, Pitch Detection, Formant Estimation, The Homomorphic Vocoder.
Speech Enhancement: Nature of interfering sounds, Speech enhancement techniques: Sin-
gle Microphone Approach : spectral subtraction, Enhancement by re-synthesis, Comb
filter, Wiener filter, Multi microphone Approach.

Automatic Speech & Speaker Recognition: Basic pattern recognition approaches,

Parametric representation of speech, Evaluating the similarity of speech patterns, Isolated
digit Recognition System, Continuous digit Recognition System. Hidden Markov Model
(HMM) for Speech: Hidden Markov Model (HMM) for speech recognition, Viterbi algo-
rithm, Training and testing using HMMS. Speaker Recognition: Recognition techniques,
Features that distinguish speakers, Speaker Recognition Systems: Speaker Verification
System, Speaker Identification System.

4. Books and Materials

Text Books:
1. L.R. Rabiner and S. W. Schafer, “Digital Processing of Speech Signals”, Pearson Ed-
ucation.
2. Douglas O’Shaughnessy, “Speech Communications: Human & Machine”, 2nd Edition.,
Wiley India, 2000.
3. L.R Rabinar and R W Jhaung, “Digital Processing of Speech Signals”, 1978, Pearson
Education.

Reference Books:
1. Thomas F. Quateri, “Discrete Time Speech Signal Processing: Principles and Prac-
tice”, 1st Edition., PE.
2. Ben Gold & Nelson Morgan, “Speech & Audio Signal Processing”, 1st Edition, Wiley.

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 Course Structure
B5465 - Deep Learning for Computer Vision

Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks

L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
3 0 0 42 0 0 3 30 70 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview
Course Overview This course focuses on the application of Deep Learning in the field
of Computer Vision. The automatic analysis and understanding of images and videos,
an area called Computer Vision,occupy significant importance in applications including
security, healthcare, entertainment, mobility,etc. The recent success of deep learning
methods has revolutionized the field of computer vision,making new developments in-
creasingly closer to deployment that benefits end users.

Course Pre/co-requisites
This course has no specific prerequisite and co requisite.

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:

B5465.1 Apply the basic theories, and methods in computer vision

B5465.2 Explain the fundamentals of Deep Learning
B5465.3 Identify the deep learning algorithms which are more appropriate for various
types of learning tasks in multiple domains.
B5465.4 Implement deep learning algorithms and solve real-world problems
B5465.5 Design and practical and innovative computer vision applications using
Deep Generative Models.

3. Course Syllabus
Recognition in Computer Vision :Introduction to Image Formation,Capture, and
Representation; Linear Filtering, Correlation, Convolution, Visual Features and Rep-
resentations: Edge, Blobs, Corner Detection; Scale Space and ScaleSelection; SIFT,
SURF; HoG, LBP. Visual Matching : Bag-of-words, Vector of locally aggregated
descriptors(VLAD); Random Sample Consensus(RANSAC), Hough transform; Pyramid
Matching; Optical flow.

Deep Learning Review : Review of Deep Learning, Multi-layer Perceptrons, Back-

propagation, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs): Introduction to CNNs; Evolution
of CNN Architectures:AlexNet, ZFNet, VGG, InceptionNets, ResNets, DenseNets.

CNNs for Recognition, Verification, Detection, Segmentation : CNNs for Recog-

nition andVerification (Siamese Networks, Triplet Loss, Contrastive Loss, Ranking Loss);
CNNs forDetection: Background of Object Detection, R-CNN, Fast R-CNN, Faster R-
CNN, YOLO, SSD,RetinaNet; CNNs for Segmentation: FCN, SegNet, U-Net, Mask-
RCNN.

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 Deep Generative Models: Review of (Popular) Deep Generative Models: GANs,
VAEs; Other Generative Models: PixelRNNs, NADE, Normalizing Flows, etc.

Variants and Applications of Generative Models in Vision : Variants: Cycle-

GANs,Progressive GANs, StackGANs, Pix2Pix.Applications: Image Editing,Inpainting,
Super-resolution, 3D Object Generation.

4. Books and Materials

Text Books:
1. Ian Goodfellow, YoshuaBengio, Aaron Courville (2016), Deep Learning, the MIT
Press, London.
2. Mohamed Elgendy (2020), Deep Learning for Vision Systems, Manning Publications,
Shelter Island.

Reference Books:
1. Richard Szeliski (2022), Computer Vision Algorithms and Applications, Springer In-
ternational Publishing.
2. AurélienGéron (2019), Hands-On Machine Learning with Scikit-Learn, Keras, and
TensorFlow: Concepts, Tools, and Techniques to Build Intelligent Systems, O’Reilly,
2nd Edition.

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Open Electives
 Course Structure
B5081 - Business Analytics

Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks

L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
3 0 0 42 0 0 3 30 70 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview
This course addresses the scope of business analytics, process and tools used to get com-
petitive advantages of business analytics. It covers the forecasting techniques to predict
the given data for various decision making. Apart from prediction it also establishes the
relationship between the given data to formulate the strategies for business decisions.

Course Pre/co-requisites
This course has no specific prerequisite and co-requisite.

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:

B5081.1 Demonstrate knowledge of data analytics.

B5081.2 Demonstrate the ability of think critically in making decisions based on
data and deep analytics.
B5081.3 Demonstrate the ability to use technical skills in predicative and prescriptive
modeling to support business decision-making,
B5081.4 Demonstrate the ability to translate data into clear, actionable insights.

3. Course Syllabus
Theory

Business analytics and Statistical Tools: Overview of Business analytics, Scope of

Business analytics, Business Analytics Process, Relationship of Business Analytics Pro-
cess and organisation, competitive advantages of Business Analytics. Statistical Notation,
Descriptive Statistical methods, Review of probability distribution and data modelling,
sampling and estimation methods overview.

Trendiness and Regression Analysis: Modelling Relationships and Trends in Data,

simple Linear Regression. Important Resources, Business Analytics Personnel, Data and
models for Business analytics, problem solving, Visualizing and Exploring Data, Business
Analytics Technology.

Organization Structures of Business analytics, Team management, Management Issues,

Designing Information Policy, Outsourcing, Ensuring Data Quality, Measuring contribu-
tion of Business analytics, Managing Changes. Descriptive Analytics, predictive analytics,
predicative Modelling, Predictive analytics analysis, Data Mining, Data Mining Method-
ologies, Prescriptive analytics and its step in the business analytics Process, Prescriptive
Modelling, nonlinear Optimization.

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 Forecasting Techniques and Monte Carlo Simulation and Risk Analysis: Quali-
tative and Judgmental Forecasting, Statistical Forecasting Models, Forecasting Models for
Stationary Time Series, Forecasting Models for Time Series with a Linear Trend, Forecast-
ing Time Series with Seasonality, Regression Forecasting with Casual Variables, Selecting
Appropriate Forecasting Models. Monte Carle Simulation Using Analytic Solver Plat-
form, New-Product Development Model, Newsvendor Model,Overbooking Model, Cash
Budget Model.

Decision Analysis and recent trends: Formulating Decision Problems, Decision

Strategies with the without Outcome Probabilities, Decision Trees, The Value of Infor-
mation, Utility and Decision Making. Embedded and collaborative business intelligence,
Visual data recovery, Data Storytelling and Data journalism.

4. Books and Materials

Text Books:
1. Varshney & Maheswari , Business analytics Principles, Concepts, and Applications,
Marc J. Schniederjans, Dara G.Schniederjans, Christopher M. Starkey, 1st Ed., Pear-
son FT Press, 2014
2. Jamesh R Evans, Business Analytics, Global Edtion, Pearson Higher Education &
Professional Group, 2020

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 Course Structure
B5082 - Waste to Energy

Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks

L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
3 0 0 42 0 0 3 30 70 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview
The course deals with the production of energy from different types of wastes through
thermal, biological and chemical routes. This course provides insights into waste man-
agement options by reducing the waste destined for disposal and encouraging the use
of waste as a resource for alternate energy production. This course is explores Biomass
Pyrolysis, Biomass gasification, Biomass combustions and Bio energy systems.

Course Pre/co-requisites
The course has no specific prerequisite and co requisite.

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:

B5082.1 Classify different waste material produces from all sources.

B5082.2 Analyze Bio energy systems resources, process and application.
B5082.3 Apply emerging methods for Bio mass Pyrolysis, gasification and combus-
tion to improve the efficiency.
B5082.4 Analyze different case studies for understanding success and failure of waste
to energy technologies.

3. Course Syllabus
Introduction to Energy from Waste: Classification of waste as fuel – Agro based,
Forest residue, Industrial waste - MSW – Conversion devices – Incinerators, gasifiers,
digestors.

Biomass Pyrolysis: Pyrolysis – Types, slow fast – Manufacture of charcoal – Methods

- Yields and application – Manufacture of pyrolytic oils and gases, yields and applications.

Biomass Gasification: Gasifiers – Fixed bed system – Downdraft and updraft gasifiers
- Fluidized bed gasifiers – Design, construction and operation – Gasifier burner arrange-
ment for thermal heating – Gasifier engine arrangement and electrical power – Equilibrium
and kinetic consideration in gasifier operation.

Biomass Combustion: Biomass stoves – Improved chullahs, types, some exotic designs,
fixed bed combustors, Types, inclined grate combustors, Fluidized bed combustors, De-
sign, construction and operation - Operation of all the above biomass combustors.

Biogas: Properties of biogas (Calorific value and composition) - Biogas plant technology
and status - Bio energy system - Design and constructional features - Biomass resources
and their classification - Biomass conversion processes - Thermo chemical conversion -

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 Direct combustion - biomass gasification - pyrolysis and liquefaction - biochemical con-
version - anaerobic digestion - Types of biogas Plants – Applications - Alcohol production
from biomass - Bio diesel production - Urban waste to energy conversion - Biomass energy
programme in India.

4. Books and Materials

Text Books:
1. Non Conventional Energy, Desai, Ashok V., Wiley Eastern Ltd., 1990.
2. Biogas Technology - A Practical Hand Book - Khandelwal, K. C. and Mahdi, S. S.,
Vol. I & II, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co. Ltd., 1983.

Reference Books:
1. Food, Feed and Fuel from Biomass, Challal, D. S., IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd.,
1991.
2. Biomass Conversion and Technology, C. Y. WereKo-Brobby and E. B. Hagan, John
Wiley & Sons, 1996.

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 Course Structure
B5083 - Operation Research
Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks
L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
3 0 0 42 0 0 3 30 70 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview

The courses in Operational Research offer a unique blend of traditional coursework, prac-
tical skills, and real-world problem-solving experience designed to position students for
success in today’s competitive world. This course covers Linear Programming, Non-Linear
Programming Problem, Mathematical Models and problems.

Course Pre/co-requisites
Industrial Management concepts

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:
B5083.1 Gain knowledge in concepts and techniques of Operations Research.
B5083.2 Determine the optimal solution for Linear Programming problems.
B5083.3 Formulate and obtain the optimal solution for non- Linear Programming
problems.
B5083.4 Solve to get optimal solution using queuing and inventory models .
B5083.5 Determine solution for non- Linear Programming problems using dynamic
programming

3. Course Syllabus
Linear Programming Problem & Its Application I: Introduction, Formulation of
LPP. Slack Variable, Surplus Variable and Artificial Variables. Standard Form and Ma-
trix Form. Concept of Duality. Graphical Method. Simplex Method. Big - M method &
Two - Phase Method. Problems of Degeneracy.

Linear Programming Problem & Its Application II: Parametric Programming in-
troduction . Types of Linear Variations. Graphical and Analytical Sensitivity Analysis.

Non-Linear Programming Problem I: Introduction, Formulation and Graphical

Method, Kuhn-Tucker Conditions, Quadratic Programming Problems by Wolfe’s and
Beale’s Method.

Non-Linear Programming Problem II: Geometric programming introduction and

analytical methods , Fractional programming introduction and analytical methods, Dy-
namic programming introduction and analytical methods.

General Mathematical Models: Sequencing - n Jobs and m Machines, Inventory Con-

trol - introduction and its analytical methods. Single server queuing model.

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4. Books and Materials
Text Books:
1. S.D. Sharma, Operations Research Theory, Methods and Applications, 18th Edition,
Kedarnath Ramnath Publishers, Delhi 2017
2. H.A. Taha, Operations Research- An Introduction,8th Edition PHI, 2008.
3. H.M. Wagner, Principles of Operations Research, PHI, Delhi, 1982.

Reference Books:
1. J.C. Pant, Introduction to Optimization: Operations Research, 7th Edition,Jain Broth-
ers, Delhi, 2008.
2. Hitler Libermann, Operations Research: McGraw Hill Pub. 2009.
3. Pannerselvam, Operations Research:2nd Edition, Prentice Hall of India 2010.
4. Harvey M Wagner, Principles of Operations Research:2nd Edition, Prentice Hall of
India 2010.

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 Course Structure
B5084 - IoT and Applications

Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks

L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
3 0 0 42 0 0 3 30 70 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview
The course introduces you to advance concepts and design methodologies to design IoT
systems and developing IoT applications programming languages and tools optimized for
IoT domain. The course covers python languages in great detail with set of packages
which makes it obvious choice as a leading IoT language. It also exposes participants to
communication technologies and legacy protocols as well as newly developed IoT specific
application and physical layer protocols. The course covers Cloud based service in great
detail with set of packages which makes it obvious choice as a leading IoT Technology.

Course Pre/co-requisites
The course has no specific prerequisite and co-requisite

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:

B5084.1 Identify the basic Architecture of IoT and its characteristics

B5084.2 Determine the most appropriate IoT Devices and communication system
management
B5084.3 Utilize Python standard libraries for implementing various IoT Applications
B5084.4 Analyze the appropriate protocol for establishing communication between
various IoT Devices
B5084.5 Analyze cloud infrastructure, services, APIs and architectures of commercial
and industrial cloud platforms

3. Course Syllabus
Introduction to Internet Of Things : Introduction, Definition & Characteristics of
IoT,Physical Design of IoT, Logical Design of IoT, IoT Enabling Technologies, IoT Levels
& Deployment Templates DOMAIN SPECIFIC IOTS - Introduction, Home Automation,
Cities, Environment, Energy, Retail, Logistics, Agriculture, Industry, Health & Lifestyle.

IoT , M2M and IoT System Management with NETCONF-YANG : Introduc-

tion, M2M, Difference between IoT and M2M, SDN and NFV for IoT IoT System Man-
agement with NETCONF-YANG - Need for IoT Systems Management, Simple Network
Management Protocol (SNMP), Network Operator Requirements, NETCONF, YANG,
IoT Systems Management with NETCONF-YANG.

IoT Platforms Design Methodology : IoT Platforms Design Methodology - Intro-

duction, IoT Design Methodology, Case Study on IoT System for Weather Monitoring,
Motivation for Using Python IoT SYSTEMS - LOGICAL DESIGN USING PYTHON -
Introduction, Installing Python, Python Data Types & Data Structures, Control Flow,

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 Functions, Modules, Packages, File Handling, Date/Time Operations, Classes,Python
Packages of Interest for IoT.

IoT Physical Devices & Endpoints : What is an IoT Device, Exemplary Device:
Raspberry Pi, About the Board, Linux on Raspberry Pi, Raspberry Pi Interface, Pro-
gramming Raspberry Pi with Python, Other IoT Devices IoT PHYSICAL SERVERS &
CLOUD OFFERINGS - Introduction to Cloud Storage Models & Communication APIs,
WAMP - AutoBahn for IoT, Xively Cloud for IoT, Python Web Application Frame-
work,Designing a RESTful Web API, Amazon Web Services for IoT, SkyNet IoT Mes-
saging Platform.

Case Studies Illustrating IoT Design : What is an IoT Device, Exemplary Device:
Raspberry Pi, About the Board, Linux on Raspberry Pi, Raspberry Pi Interface, Pro-
gramming Raspberry Pi with Python, Other IoT Devices IoT PHYSICAL SERVERS &
CLOUD OFFERINGS - Introduction to Cloud Storage Models & Communication APIs,
WAMP - AutoBahn for IoT, Xively Cloud for IoT, Python Web Application Frame-
work,Designing a RESTful Web API, Amazon Web Services for IoT, SkyNet IoT Mes-
saging Platform.

4. Books and Materials

Text Books:
1. Arshdeep Bahga,Vijay Madisetti(2015), ”Internet of Things A Hands-On Approach”,
University Press, India.
2. Jain, R.K. and Iyengar, S.R.K., Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 3rd Edition,
Narosa Publishing House, 2011

Reference Books:
1. Erwin Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 9th Edition, John Wiley & Sons,
2006
2. Ramana, B.V. Higher Engineering Mathematics, 32nd Reprint, McGraw Hill Educa-
tion (India) Pvt Ltd, 2018

59 www.vardhaman.org
 Course Structure
B5085 - Cyber Security

Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks

L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
3 0 0 42 0 0 3 30 70 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview
This course drawing upon a wealth of experience from academia, industry, and govern-
ment service, Cyber Security details and dissects, in current organizational cyber security
policy issues on a global scale—taking great care to educate students on the history and
current approaches to the security of cyberspace. It includes thorough descriptions of
Cyber Offences, Cyber Crime, tools and methods used in Cyber Crime. It also delves
into organizational implementation issues, and equips students with descriptions of the
positive and negative impact of specific policy choices.

Course Pre/co-requisites
The course has no specific prerequisite and co requisite.

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:

B5085.1 Demonstrate the basics of cybercrime in computer, networked device or a

network.
B5085.2 Identify various cyber offences in real time.
B5085.3 Identify the different attacks in cybercrime.
B5085.4 Use various methods and tools to control cybercrimes and cyber offences.
B5085.5 Examine how to protect organizations from intruders, attackers and cyber
criminals.

3. Course Syllabus
Introduction to Cybercrime: Introduction, Cybercrime, and Information Security,
who are Cybercriminals, Classifications of Cybercrimes. The legal Perspectives and In-
dian Perspective, Cybercrime and the Indian ITA 2000, A Global Perspective on Cyber-
crimes.

Cyber Offenses: How Criminals Plan Them: Introduction, How Criminals plan the
Attacks, Social Engineering, Cyber stalking, Cyber cafe and Cybercrimes. Botnets: The
Fuel for Cybercrime, Attack Vector, and Cloud Computing.

Cybercrime: Mobile and Wireless Devices: Introduction, Proliferation of Mobile and

Wireless Devices, Trends in Mobility, Credit card Frauds in Mobile and Wireless Com-
puting Era, Security Challenges Posed by Mobile Devices, Registry Settings for Mobile
Devices, Authentication service Security, Attacks on Mobile/Cell Phones, Mobile Devices:
Security Implications for Organizations, Organizational Measures for Handling Mobile,
Organizational Security Policies and Measures in Mobile Computing Era, Laptops.

60 www.vardhaman.org
 Tools and Methods: Introduction, Proxy Servers and Anonymizers, Phishing, Pass-
word Cracking, Keyloggers and Spywares, Virus and Worms, Trojan Horse and Backdoors,
Steganography, DoS and DDoS attacks, SQL Injection, Buffer Overflow.

Cyber Security: Organizational Implications Introduction, Cost of Cybercrimes and

IPR issues, Web threats for Organizations, Security and Privacy Implications. Social
media marketing: Security Risks and Perils for Organizations, Social Computing and the
associated challenges for Organizations.

4. Books and Materials

Text Books:
1. Nina Godbole and Sunil Belapure., Cyber Security: Understanding Cyber Crimes,
Computer Forensics and Legal Perspectives, 1st Edition, Wiley INDIA. 2011.

Reference Books:
1. James Graham, Richard Howard and Ryan Otson., Cyber Security Essentials, 1st
Edition, CRC Press, 2011.
2. Chwan-Hwa(John) Wu,J.David Irwin., Introduction to Cyber Security, , 1st Edition,
CRC Press T&F Group, 2013.
3. Richard A. Clarke, Robert Knake., Cyberwar: The Next Threat to National Security
& What to Do About It, Ecco, 2010.

61 www.vardhaman.org
 Course Structure
B5086 - Mobile Cloud Computing

Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks

L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
3 0 0 42 0 0 3 30 70 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview
This Course provides a comprehensive overview of how to integrate cloud and mobile
technology. It is an emerging field and this course explores how distributed resources can
be shared by mobile users in different ways and issues arising there from. This course
also provides understanding of Architecture, Applications of Mobile Cloud Computing
along with Offloading concept and Resource allocation techniques. This also introduces
concept called Green Mobile Computing and also discusses about the security issues in
Mobile Cloud Computing. This course enables the student to choose as research area of
interest.

Course Pre/co-requisites
The course has no specific prerequisite and co requisite.

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:

B5086.1 Identify the architecture, issues and applications in mobile cloud computing.
B5086.2 Make use of remote cloud and offloading techniques for storage and compu-
tation.
B5086.3 Choose a resource allocation method in mobile cloud computing.
B5086.4 Use green mobile computing for an energy efficient mobile network.
B5086.5 Identify the trust and privacy requirements in a mobile cloud computing
environment.

3. Course Syllabus
Mobile Cloud Computing: : Introduction to cloud computing, Basic cloud architec-
ture, Motivation to MCC, Architecture, Platform and Technologies, Mobile Augmentation
approaches, Issues of Mobile Cloud Computing, Advantages and Applications of Mobile
Cloud Computing.

Offloading in Mobile Cloud Computing: Introduction, Offloading Decision, Types

of Offloading, offloading in CC and MCC: Similarities and Differences, Adaptive Com-
putation offloading from Mobile Devices, Cloud Path selection for Offloading, Mobile
Data Offloading Using Opportunistic Communication, Three-Tier Architecture of Mobile
Cloud Computing, Requirements of Data Offloading, Performance Analysis of Offloading
Techniques, Multi-Cloud Offloading in Mobile Cloud Computing Environment.

Resource Allocation in MCC: Introduction, Significance of Resource Allocation,

Resource-Allocation Strategies- Semi-Markov Decision Process (SMDP), Task Scheduling

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 Using Activity-Based Costing Algorithm, Resource Allocation Using Middleware, Energy-
Aware Resource Allocation, Resource Allocation in MCC Using Entropy-Based FIFO
Method, Auction Mechanism for Resource Allocation in MCC.

Green Mobile Computing: Introduction, Green Mobile Computing, Green Mobile

Network, Green Cloud Computing, Green Mobile Cloud Computing, Green Mobile De-
vices Using Mobile Cloud Computing, Green Femtocell Using MCC.

Privacy and Security in MCC: Introduction, Security Levels, Security Issues. Trust
in MCC: Introduction, Properties, Components, types of Trust, Trust Issues, and Trust
Establishment.

4. Books and Materials

Text Books:
1. Debashis De., Mobile Cloud Computing-Architectures, Algorithms and Applications,
CRC Press, Taylor and Fransis group, 2016.

Reference Books:
1. Frank H.P. Fitzek and Marcos D. Katz., Mobile Clouds: Exploiting Distributed Re-
sources in Wireless, Mobile and Social Networks, 1st Edition, WILEY publications,
2014.
2. Valentino Lee, Heather Schneider, and Robbie Schell., Mobile Applications: Architec-
ture, Design, and Development, Prentice Hall, 2004.

63 www.vardhaman.org
Audit Courses
 Course Structure
B5091 – Disaster Management

Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks

L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
2 0 0 28 0 0 0 - 100 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview
The course has been framed with an intention to provide a general concept in the dimen-
sions of disasters caused by nature beyond human control as well as the disasters and
environmental hazards induced by human activities with emphasis on Natural disaster,
Man-made disaster, vulnerability and risks of disasters, Disaster Management Mechanism,
Capacity Building and disaster coping Strategies and Disaster management planning.

Course Pre/co-requisites
The course has no specific prerequisite and co requisite.

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:

B5091.1 Identify concepts, hazards and vulnerabilities of different types of disasters.

B5091.2 Examine the components of disaster management mechanism.
B5091.3 Select suitable capacity building framework for disaster management.
B5091.4 Interpret various disaster coping strategies.
B5091.5 Develop Strategies for disaster management planning.

3. Course Syllabus
Introduction: Definition, Factors and Significance; Difference Between Hazard and
Disaster; Natural and Manmade Disasters: Difference, Nature, Types and Magnitude.
Disaster Prone Areas in India: Study of Seismic Zones; Areas Prone to Floods and
Droughts, Landslides and Avalanches; Areas Prone to Cyclonic and Coastal Hazards with
Special Reference to Tsunami; Post-Disaster Diseases and Epidemics.

Repercussions of Disasters and Hazards: Economic Damage, Loss of Human and

Animal Life, Destruction of Ecosystem. Natural Disasters: Earthquakes, Volcanisms,
Cyclones, Tsunamis, Floods, Droughts and Famines, Landslides and Avalanches, Man-
made disaster: Nuclear Reactor Meltdown, Industrial Accidents, Oil Slicks and Spills,
Outbreaks of Disease and Epidemics, War and Conflicts.

Disaster Preparedness and Management: Preparedness: Monitoring of Phenomena

Triggering A Disaster or Hazard; Evaluation of Risk: Application of Remote Sensing,
Data from Meteorological and Other Agencies, Media Reports: Governmental and Com-
munity Preparedness.

Risk Assessment Disaster Risk: Concept and Elements, Disaster Risk Reduction,
Global and National Disaster Risk Situation. Techniques of Risk Assessment, Global Co-
Operation in Risk Assessment and Warning, People’s Participation in Risk Assessment.

65 www.vardhaman.org
 Strategies for Survival.

Disaster Mitigation: Meaning, Concept and Strategies of Disaster Mitigation, Emerg-

ing Trends In Mitigation. Structural Mitigation and Non-Structural Mitigation, Programs
of Disaster Mitigation in India.

4. Books and Materials

Text Books:
1. R. Nishith, Singh AK, “Disaster Management in India: Perspectives, issues and strate-
gies “’New Royal book Company.
2. Sahni, Pardeep Et. Al. (Eds.),” Disaster Mitigation Experiences and Reflections”,
Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi.
3. Goel S. L., Disaster Administration and Management Text and Case Studies”, Deep
&Deep Publication Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi

66 www.vardhaman.org
 Course Structure
B5092 – Value Education
Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks
L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
2 0 0 28 0 0 0 - 100 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview
The present education system does not prepare students well for dealing with life. Pri-
marily, it prepares them for profession or jobs. It concentrates on providing “How to do”
rather than “What to do” or “Why to do?”. This course will be helpful for students to
develop critical ability, commitment and courage in real life problems. Students will learn
about happiness, character development, self control, honesty, time management.

Course Pre/co-requisites
The course has no specific prerequisite and co requisite.

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:

B5092.1 Identify the importance of value based living for character development.
B5092.2 Emerge as responsible citizens with clear conviction to practice values and
ethics in life.
B5092.3 Interpret their role in nation building for a better tomorrow .
B5092.4 Develop a sense of commitment and decision making capability.

3. Course Syllabus
Values and Self - Development: Social values and individual attitudes. Work ethics,
Indian vision of humanism. Moral and non-moral valuation. Standards and principles.
Value judgments.

Importance of Cultivation of Values: Sense of duty. Devotion, Self-reliance. Con-

fidence, Concentration. Truth fullness, Cleanliness. Honesty, Humanity. Power of faith,
National Unity. Patriotism. Love for nature Discipline.

Personality and Behavior Development: Soul and Scientific attitude. Positive

Thinking. Integrity and discipline. Punctuality, Love and Kindness.

Achieving Happiness: Avoid fault Thinking. Free from anger, Dignity of labour. Uni-
versal brotherhood and religious tolerance. True friendship. Happiness Vs suffering, love
for truth. Aware of self-destructive habits. Association and Cooperation. Doing best for
saving nature.

Character and Competence: Holy Books vs Blind faith. Self-Management and Good
health. Science of reincarnation. Equality, Nonviolence, Humility, Role of Women. All
religions and same message. Mind your Mind, Self-control. Honesty, and Studying effec-
tively.

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4. Books and Materials
Text Books:
1. Chakroborty, S.K. “Values and Ethics for organizations Theory and practice”, Oxford
University Press, New Delhi.
2. David N. Aspin, Judith D. Chapman, "Values Education and Lifelong Learning: Prin-
ciples, Policies, Programmes" Springer, 2007

68 www.vardhaman.org
 Course Structure
B5093 – Constitution of India

Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks

L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
2 0 0 28 0 0 0 - 100 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview
This course enables the students to understand the constitution of India as the Supreme
law of India. The student will also gain knowledge about the parliament of India and how
it functions. This course will survey the basic structure and operative dimensions of the
Indian constitution. It will explore various aspects of the Indian political and legal system
from a historical perspective highlighting the various events that led to the making of the
Indian constitution.

Course Pre/co-requisites
The course has no specific prerequisite and co requisite.

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:

B5093.1 Identify the important components of Indian Constitution.

B5093.2 Explore the basics of Constitutional right in various domains .
B5093.3 Illustrate the evolution of Indian Constitution.
B5093.4 Analyze the Administrative process in India from grass-root level.
B5093.5 Relate the basic concepts of democracy, liberty, equality, secular and justice.

3. Course Syllabus
History of Making of the Indian Constitution: History Drafting Committee, (Com-
position & Working), Philosophy of the Indian Constitution: Preamble, Salient
Features.

Contours of Constitutional Rights & Duties: Fundamental Rights Right to Equal-

ity, Right to Freedom, Right against Exploitation, Right to Freedom of Religion, Cultural
and Educational Rights, Right to Constitutional Remedies, Directive Principles of State
Policy, Fundamental Duties.

Organs of Governance: Parliament, Composition, Qualifications and Disqualifications,

Powers and Functions, Executive, President, Governor, Council of Ministers, Judiciary,
Appointment and Transfer of Judges, Qualification, Powers and Functions.

Local Administration: District’s Administration head: Role and Importance, Mu-

nicipalities: Introduction, Mayor and role of Elected Representative, CEO of Municipal
Corporation. Pachayati raj: Introduction, PRI: Zila Pachayat. Elected officials and their
roles, CEO Zila Pachayat: Position and role. Block level: Organizational Hierarchy (Dif-
ferent departments), Village level: Role of Elected and Appointed officials, Importance

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 of grass root democracy.

Election Commission: Election Commission: Role and Functioning. Chief Election

Commissioner and Election Commissioners. State Election Commission: Role and Func-
tioning. Institute and Bodies for the welfare of SC/ST/OBC and women.

4. Books and Materials

Text Books:
1. The Constitution of India, 1950 (Bare Act), Government Publication
2. Dr. S. N. Busi, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar framing of Indian Constitution, 1st Edition, 2015
Reference Books:
1. M. P. Jain, Indian Constitution Law, 7th Edition., Lexis Nexis, 2014
2. D.D. Basu, Introduction to the Constitution of India, Lexis Nexis, 2015

70 www.vardhaman.org
 Course Structure
B5094 - Stress Management by Yoga
Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks
L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
2 0 0 28 0 0 0 - 100 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview
Stress has been determined to be a key factor of illness and disease. Prolonged stress
in any person can lead to negative thinking, depression and worse. The course is based
on managing stress by practice of yogic principles that are proven to be highly effective
and easy to learn. In this course the students will learn about different types of yoga
practices, Meditation, Yoga asanas, Pranayama for stress, anger and fear management.

Course Pre/co-requisites
The course has no specific prerequisite and co requisite.

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:
B5094.1 Make use of yoga for stress management in educational environments.
B5094.2 Improve emotional intelligence to better deal with stress.
B5094.3 Develop flexibility through participation in yoga.
B5094.4 Learn methods of performing asanas, pranayama, mudras and bandhas.
B5094.5 Practice meditation for holistic living.

3. Course Syllabus
Meaning and Definition of Stress: Eutress, Distress, Anticipatory Anxiety, Intense
Anxiety and Depression. Necessity of Stress Management, Concept of Stress according
to Yoga.

Introduction to Yoga: Definition and Meaning of Yoga, Historical Perceptive on yoga

– yoga before the time of Patanjali (Indus valley civilization, Vedas, Brahmnas, Upan-
ishads, Epics, Puranas).

Schools of Yoga: Eight Limbs of Yoga: Yama, Niyama, Asana, Pranayama, Pratya-
hara, Dharana, Dhyana & Samathi. General principles of practicing Asana, Pranay- ama,
Meditation, Kriyas Bandhas and Mudra.

Essentials of yoga practices: Prayer, Disciplines in Yogic Practices, Place & Timing,
Diet & Schedule for Yoga Practitioner. Obstacles in the Path of Yoga Practice, Sequence
for yogic practices, Different between yogic & non yogic system of exercise. Do’s and
donts during Yoga

Personality development by yoga: Yoga and development of Social qualities of per-

sonality, Co-operation, Simplicity, Tolerance, Social adjustments, Yoga and personal effi-
ciency. Improvement of personal efficiency through yoga.

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4. Books and Materials
Text Books:
1. Wasmer Linda Andrews, Stress Control For Peace of Mind, Barnes & Noble Publisher,
2005
2. H.R. Nagendra, and R. Nagarathana, Yoga practices for anxiety & depression. Ban-
galore: Swami Sukhabodhanandha Yoga Prakashana 2004.

Reference Books:
1. BKS Iyengar, The Art of Yoga. New Delhi: Harper Collins Publishers, 2003.

72 www.vardhaman.org
 Course Structure
B5095 - Personality Development through Life Enlightenment Skills

Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks

L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
2 0 0 28 0 0 0 - 100 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview
The course aims to provide a basic awareness about the significance of Life Enlightenment
skills in all-round development of personality. Personality development boosts confidence
level in students and help them achieve high esteem. In this course the holistic develop-
ment of personality in students will be done by practicing some basic Veres of Srimad
Bhagavath Geetha by explaiing the true meaning of Wisdom, Pride, Virtue, Happiness,
Pain.

Course Pre/co-requisites
The course has no specific prerequisite and co requisite.

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:

B5095.1 Create Holistic development of personality.

B5095.2 Exercise the role model in the Bhagavath Geetha by practicing it.
B5095.3 Develop a sense of spirituality and heart fullness in mind and body.
B5095.4 Demonstrate knowledge of beliefs and values to continuing personal reflec-
tion and reassessment.

3. Course Syllabus
Neetisatakam - Holistic Development of Personality:
Verses- 19, 20, 21,22 (Wisdom)
Verses- 29, 31, 32 (Pride & Heroism)
Verses- 26, 28, 63, 65 (Virtue)

Do’s and Dont’s

Verses- 52, 53, 59 (Dont’s)
Verses- 71, 73, 75, 78 (Do’s)

Approach to Day to Day Work and Duties:

Chapter 2: Verses 41, 47,48
Chapter 3: Verses 13, 21, 27, 35
Chapter 6: Verses 5,13,17, 23, 35
Chapter 18: Verses 45, 46, 48.

Statements of basic knowledge :

Chapter 2: Verses 56, 62, 68

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 Chapter 12: Verses 13, 14, 15, 16,17, 18

Personality of Role Model

Chapter 2: Verses 17
Chapter 3: Verses 36,37,42
Chapter 4: Verses 18, 38,39
Chapter 18: Verses 37,38,63

4. Books and Materials

Text Books:
1. “Srimad Bhagavad Gita” by Swami Swarupananda Advaita Ashram (Publication De-
partment), Kolkata.
Reference Books:
1. Bhartrihari’s Three Satakam (Niti-sringar-vairagya) by P.Gopinath, Rashtriya Sam-
skrit Sansthanam, New Delhi.

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 Course Structure
B5096 - Pedagogy Studies
Hours Per Week Hours Per Semester Credits Assessment Marks
L T P L T P C CIE SEE Total
2 0 0 28 0 0 0 - 100 100

1. Course Description
Course Overview
Pedagogy is the relationship between learning techniques and culture. It requires mean-
ingful classroom interactions between educators and learners. The objective of this course
is to help students build on prior learning and develop skills and attitudes. Furthermore
it can improve the quality of your teaching and the way students learn, helping them gain
a deeper grasp of fundamental material.

Course Pre/co-requisites
The course has no specific prerequisite and co requisite.

2. Course Outcomes (COs)

After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:

B5096.1 Develop a positive attitude towards life and teaching profession

B5096.2 Critically analyze the classroom teaching, learning and behavior.
B5096.3 Compare the teaching and learning practices in educational institutes in the
past decade.
B5096.4 Summarize the aspects of effective teaching process.

3. Course Syllabus
Introduction and Methodology: Aims and rationale, Policy background, Conceptual
framework and terminology. Theories of learning, Curriculum, Teacher education, Con-
ceptual framework, Research questions, Overview of methodology and Searching.

Thematic Overview: Pedagogical practices in formal and informal classrooms in de-

veloping countries, Curriculum development, Teacher education.

Evidence on the Effectiveness of Pedagogical Practices : Quality assessment of

included studies, How can teacher education (curriculum and practicum) and the school
curriculum and guidance materials best support effective pedagogy?. Theory of change.
Strength and nature of the body of evidence for effective pedagogical practices. Peda-
gogic theory and pedagogical approaches. Teachers’ attitudes and beliefs and Pedagogic
strategies.

Professional Development: Alignment with classroom practices and followup support.

Peer support, Support from the head teacher and the community. Curriculum and as-
sessment. Barriers to learning: limited resources and large class sizes.

Research Gaps and Future Directions: Research design, Contexts, Pedagogy, Teacher
education, Curriculum and assessment. Dissemination and research impact.

75 www.vardhaman.org
4. Books and Materials
Text Books:
1. Ackers J, Hardman F (2001) Classroom Interaction in Kenyan Primary Schools, Com-
pare, 31 (2): 245-261.
2. Agrawal M (2004) Curricular Reform in Schools: The Importance of Evaluation, Jour-
nal of Curriculum Studies, 36 (3): 361-379.
3. Akyeampong K (2003) Teacher Training in Ghana - does it count? Multi-site Teacher
Education Research Project (MUSTER) Country Report 1. London: DFID.
Reference Books:
1. Akyeampong K, Lussier K, Pryor J, Westbrook J (2013) Improving Teaching and
Learning of Basic Maths and Reading in Africa: Does teacher preparation count?
International Journal Educational Development, 33 (3): 272–282.
2. Alexander RJ (2001) Culture and Pedagogy: International Comparisons in Primary
Education. Oxford and Boston: Blackwell.
3. Chavan M (2003) Read India: A mass scale, rapid, ‘Learning to Read’ campaign.

76 www.vardhaman.org