© 2018 JETIR November 2018, Volume 5, Issue 11 www.jetir.

org (ISSN-2349-5162)

“Application of natural dyes with biomordants for

coloration of cotton”
Sanjeeda Iqbal, Arif Patel
Department of Botany, Govt. Holkar Science College, Indore, Madhya Pradesh- 452017 India.

Abstract

The present study focus on dyeing of cotton fabric with the natural dye obtained from two different plant as Turmeric
(Curcuma longa) and Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus sp.).Biomordants were applied on scoured cotton fabric in premordanting
process of dyeing. Three different biomordant pomegranate rind, myrobalan, and alum were used. The use of selected
biomordant not only improved the colour fastness but also gave a variety of shades. The shade of fabric depends on
specific mordant. These findings reveal that the all mordants are good in combination of two natural dyes. But myrobalan
has given the excellent washing fastness with both the dyes resulted in different colour appearance.

Key words: Natural Dye, Biomordant, Cotton, Premordanting

Introduction Material and method

Today the protection of environment has become a Preparation of Raw Material: The samples were
challenge for the chemical industries worldwide among collected and washed thoroughly with water to remove
which textile industries uses a fairly large number of any impurities. After drying at room temperature, the
chemicals for dyeing and printing. Natural dyes are samples were ground into powder with the help of
colorant derived from plants, invertebrates or minerals. grinder (Win and Swe, 2008).
The majority of natural dyes are obtained from bark,
leaves and wood of plants and other biological sources Extraction of Crude Dyestuff: 100g of sample taken in
such as fungi, lichen etc. Dyeing is the process of beaker and aqueous solution of dye was prepared in
imparting colours to a textile material. Dyes extracted water bath at 60 oC for 60 minutes. The solution was
from plant parts are used to colour the fabrics on filtered to obtain crude dye stuff. Same processes were
different temperature and time. Natural dyes are the eco followed for preparation of mordant solution.
friendly which do not harm the human body as compare Scouring of Fabric: scouring of cotton cloth was done
to synthetic dyes. The widely and commercially used by washing in sodium carbonate and detergent solution
synthetic dyes impart strong colour but cause cancer in at 90 oC for 60 minutes.the scoured fabric was
human beings and inhibition of photosynthesis of
thoroughly washed with tap water and dried at room
aquatic plants. Mordants are metal salt which produce temperature.
affinity between dye and fabric (Vanker et al.,2009).
Chrom, Stannous chloride, copper sulphate, ferrous Dyeing: Scoured cotton was treated with both dye
sulphate etc. are commonly used chemical mordants extract and biomordant simultaneously, at 60 oC for 60
(Samanta and Agrawal, 2009). Mostly, natural dyes are minutes with material to liquor ratio of 1:40.
used to develop colour on fabric with the help of
synthetic mordants. However, in present work natural
dyes extracted from Ecalyptus leaves and Turmeric
rhizome were applied with three biomordants Alum,
Pomegranate rind and Myrobalan.

JETIR1811325 Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR) www.jetir.org 199
© 2018 JETIR November 2018, Volume 5, Issue 11 www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162)

Table 1: Condition for Dyeing extract were taken in dyeing process as Ecalyptus leaves
and Turmeric rhizome with three biomordants as Alum,
Dye Mordant M:L Temperature Time Myrobalan and pomegranate rind. Results shown the six
shades of colour obtained on cotton fabric, after dyeing
20% 20% 1:40 60 oC 60
with different mordants viz. Alum, Pomegranate rind
owf owf minutes
and Myrobalan. Turmeric with Alum showed dark
Owf: Oven weight of Fabric yellow coloration while turmeric with myrobalan &
turmeric with pomegranate rind both samples showed
Evaluation of Colour fastness: The dyed material was light yellow coloration. Ecalyptus with alum developed
tested for washing fastness. The colour fastness is light khaki colour whereas, eucalyptus with myrobalan
usually rated either by loss of depth of colour in original and ecalyptus with pomegranate rind developed khaki
sample or is expressed by staining scale (Samanta and colour. The evaluation of colour fastness to washing of
Agarwal 2009, Adeel et al 2009). dyed samples were tested by standard method. The
sample treated with myrobalan showed excellent
Results & Discussion
washing fastness. Alum treated samples exhibit good to
The above process of dyeing done with the combination excellent fastness whereas, washing fastness grades of
of natural dyes and biomordants. Two types of dye pomegranate rind ranged between moderately good to
excellent.

Table 2: Fastness Properties of dyed fabric

S.No. Fabric Dye Extracted Mordant Colour Washing

Material obtained fastness
1 Cotton Turmeric Alum Dark yellow 4-5
2 (Dry Rhizome) Myrobalan Light yellow 5
3 Pomegranate Light yellow 3-4
rind
4 Eucalyptus Alum Light khaki 4
5 (Dry Leaves) Myrobalan khaki 5
6 Pomegranate khaki 3-4
rind
Fastness Grades: 1-Very Poor, 2- Poor, 3- Moderately Good, 4- Good, 5- Excellent

Conclusion investigations the studies also highlighted the good to

excellent performance of dyes and mordants which
It was found from the study that isolated dye from the occurs naturally. Here it is also important to know the
Eucalyptus leaves and Turmeric rhizome can be used for excellent property of any dye for its hues and fastness as
dyeing of cotton to obtained wide range of soft and light well as their significant harmless contribution to textile
colours by using combination of biomordants . The industries.
process of extraction and dyeing is environmental
friendly and cause minimum atmospheric pollution. Acknowlegement
With regards to colour fastness samples exhibited
moderately to excellent results. They also revealed that The authors are thankful to Principal Govt. Holkar
natural dye can be used with biomordant successfully on Science College Indore. We are also thankful
cotton fabric. Although all types of natural dyes as well Dr.Sandeep Tubhrikar, Head of Bunker Seva Kendra
as natural mordants are good for health and nature as Indore, for his encouragement during work. This work is
compare to any chemical agent. But in above Financially supported by Madhya Pradesh Council of
Science & Technology , Bhopal.

JETIR1811325 Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR) www.jetir.org 200
© 2018 JETIR November 2018, Volume 5, Issue 11 www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162)

References

Banerjee D . Substantivity and Extraction of Eco -

friendly Floral Dyes: Better Waste
Management, Research Journal of Textile and Apparel.
2013; 17(1): 87-93

Goodarzian, H and Ekrami E .Wool Dyeing with

Extracted Dye from Pomegranate (Punica Granatum)
Peel, World Appl. Sc. Journal. 2010; 8 (11): 1387-1389.

Samanta A K and Agarwal P . Application of natural

dyes on textiles. Indian J Fibre Textile Res. 2009; 34:
384-399.

Vanker P S, Shankar R, Dixit S, and Mahanta D

Sonicator dyeing of cotton, wool and silk with leaves
extract, J. Textile Apparel, Technol. Manag. 2009; 6(1):
296-305.

Win Z M , Swe M M. Purification of the Natural

Dyestuff Extracted from Mango Bark for the
Application on Protein Fibres. World Academy of
Science, Engineering and Technology . 2008; 46:536-
540.

JETIR1811325 Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR) www.jetir.org 201