ROTC ♡ SECTION 6.

DURATION AND EQUIVALENT

COURSE UNIT
① LEGAL BASIS FOR ROTC PROGRAM
♡ RA 9163 - An Act Establishing the National • Each of the aforementioned NSTP Program
Service Training Program (NSTP) for the components shall be undertaken for an
Tertiary Level Students, Amending for the academic period of two (2) semesters.
Purpose RA No. 7077 and PD No. 1706 and for
Other Purpose. • For any of the components of NSTP, one (1)
summer program may be formulated and
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE adopted by the DND, CHED and TESDA
The act shall be known as the
♡ National Service Training Program ♡ Clustering refers to the grouping of students
[NSTP] Act of 2001 enrolled in different schools and taking up the
same NSTP component into one (1) group
SECTION 2. DECLARATION OF POLICY under the management and supervision of a
The act should be known as the designated school.
♡ It is hereby affirmed the prime duty of the
Government to serve and protect its citizen In ♡ Cross enrollment refers to a system of
Turn it is shall be the responsibility of all enrollment where a student who is officially
citizens to defend the security of the State and enrolled in an academic program of a school is
in fulfillment thereof, the government may allowed to enroll in the NSTP component of
require each citizen to render personal another school.
military or civil service.
SECTION 14. SUSPENSION OF ROTC
SECTION 3. DEFINITION OF TERMS REQUIREMENT
• The completion of ROTC training as a
♡ National Service Training Program (NSTP) is
requisite for graduation is hereby set aside for
a program aimed at enhancing civic
those students who despite all their academic
consciousness and defense preparedness in
units as of affectivity of this Act have been
the youth by developing the ethic of service
allowed to graduate.
and patriotism while undergoing training in
any of its three (3) program components. Its
various components are specially designed to ♡ Graduates of the ROTC shall form part of
enhance the youth's active contribution to the the Citizen Armed Force, pursuant to Republic
general welfare. Act No. 7077.

♡ Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) - ② AFP ORGANIZATION

is a program institutionalized under Section
38 and 39 of RA 7077 designed to provide AFP Mission:
military training to tertiary level students in
order to motivate and mobilize them for To defend the Republic of the Philippines,
national defense preparedness. safeguards its national security, and to assist
government agencies in the socio-economic
development of the country.
♡ Literacy Training Service (LTS) - Is a
program designed to train students to become
AFP Functions:
teachers of literacy and numeracy skills to
school children, out of school youth, etc.
In consonance with national objectives, the
AFP performs the following:
♡ Civic Welfare Training Service (CWTS) -
refers to program of activities contributory to a. Uphold the sovereignty, support the
the general welfare and the betterment of life Constitution and defend the territory of the
for the members of the community or the country.
enhancement of its facilities.
b. Promote and advance the national aims,
SECTION 4. ESTABLISHMENT OF THE goals, interests and policies.
NATIONAL SERIVCE PROGRAM
c. Plan, organize, maintain, develop and
o There is hereby established a National deploy its regular and citizen reserve forces for
Service Training Program (NSTP) which shall National Security.
form part of the curricula of all baccalaureate
degree courses and at least two-years d. Assist and support the National government
technical vocational courses and is a requisite in its task of nation building. Performs other
for graduation, consisting of the following functions as the President may direct.
service components:
Command Authority
SECTION 5: COVERAGE
♡ Students, male and female of any The President, also the Commander-in-
baccalaureate degree course or at least two (2) Chief of the AFP, is Ferdinand "Bongbong"
year technical vocational courses in public Romualdez Marcos Jr.
and in private educational institutions shall
be required to complete one (1) of the NSTP
components as requisite for graduation.
Secretary of National Defense is Gilberto C. the edge of the right eyebrow or the front brim
Teodoro Jr. serves as the Civilian Adviser of of the headgear when covered.
the President on matters concerning defense
and security of the state. PERSONS ENTITLED TO SALUTE
• Commissioned Officers (both male & female)
Chief of Staff, AFP is General Romeo of the Armed Forces of the Philippines.
Brawner Jr. AFP is the highest military officer • Commissioned Officers (both male & female)
of the AFP, commands the AFP, principal of the Armed Forces of the Allied Nations
military adviser of the President, and executes • Civilian high officials or foreign dignitaries
the President's command functions. during military honors rendered to them.

Philippine Army GEN RULES FOR SALUTING

• In-charge with the development and services • Salute is required on and off military
of the ground forces of the AFP. installations.
• To organize, train and equip army forces for • Saluting distance - The person to be saluted
the conduct of prompt and sustain land is six (6) paces away.
combat operation. • When reporting to an officer indoor/outdoor
a salute is rendered approximately 2 paces
distance;
Philippine Navy • In leaving an officer if a conversation takes
• In-charge with the development and services place;
of the naval forces of the AFP • In making reports, the person reporting
• To organize, train, equip, & operate naval salutes first;
force and naval aircraft including naval • Salute is rendered once only;
reserve, and assistance required by the other • Salute must never be rendered in a
components of the AFP in accomplishments of carelessly manner, no cigar or cigarette;
its mission. • It is rendered at a halt or a walk;
• If running or jogging stop to walk first before
Philippine Air Force saluting:
• In-charge with the development and services • When in group not in formation all will rise
of the air forces of the AFP and salute;
• To organize, train and equip air forces • When in formation only the commander
prompt and sustained operation in the air. salutes;
• The salute must be acknowledged by the one
AFP Core Values entitled to it;
The AFP as one of the biggest social • Salute is rendered in honor to the national
institutions of our society is ensuring that its anthem and colors;
core values: honor, loyalty, valor, duty, and • When reporting to an officer indoor,
solidarity are property enhanced and unarmed soldier removes his headgear and
cherished by every soldier and ther units in knock then enters when told to do so. Upon
order to foster better accomplishment of its entering, halts at about 2 paces from the
missions and visions. officer salutes and reports. For example, "Sir
Cadet Private Dela Cruz reporting to
• Honor - Clear consciousness of personnel Commanding Officer"
dignity and worth. It means truthfulness and WHEN THE SALUTE IS NOT REQUIRED:
avoidance of deception so that out written • When troops are at work;
word may be accepted without question. • Indoors, except when reporting to an officer;
• Loyalty - Their oath of office required them • When carrying articles with the both hands,
to be loyal to the nation and to obey the or being so occupied as to make saluting
mandate to support and defend the impractical; and
constitution. • When meeting or serving as a military
• Valor - The power of strength, courage, and prisoner.
ability to overcome fear to carry-out our
mission and to accomplish what seemingly *When in doubt, SALUTE!
impossible.
• Duty - Value of obedience and disciplined MILITARY DISCIPLINE - it is the willingness
performance despite difficulty and danger. to accept with conviction (Strong Belief) and
• Solidarity - It is consolidating and without reservation the necessity for the
integrating value to which all its members common law that rules and coordinate the
bind themselves with the rest, comrades-in- effort of a group.
arms.
CREATING A CLIMATE OF DISCIPLINE
③ MILITARY COURTESY AND DISCIPLINE
MILITARY COURTESY it is the written and Instilling a Sense of Confidence and
officially prescribed code of department Responsibility
(Behavior) for members of the military • By instilling a sense of confidence and
establishment. responsibility among his subordinates, a
leader succeeds in creating a climate of
SALUTE discipline in his unit.
• Most important form of military courtesy.
• Executed by snappily raising the right hand
smartly until the tip of the forefinger touches
Indications of Military Discipline: for any crime or offense not capital made
• Attention to details; punishable by the articles of war.
• Harmonious relations between unit and
individual; 3. Summary Courts-Martial - shall have power
• Devotion to duty; to try any person subject to military law,
• Proper subordinate relationship; except an officer, a cadet, a flying cadet or
• Proper conduct of individuals on and off probationary second lieutenant, for any crime
duty; or offense not capital made punishable by the
• Standard of cleanliness of dress, uniforms, article of war.
equipment, barracks and materials;
• Promptness in responding to commands and Punitive Articles of War
directives; and
• Adherence to the chain of command. ENLISTMENT:MUSTER:RETURNS
Article of 54 Fraudulent Enlistment.
④ MILITARY JUSTICE Article 55 Officer Making Unlawful
Enlistment.
COMMONWEALTH ACT NO. 408 (AS Article 56 False Muster.
AMENDED) PROMULGATED SEPTEMBER Article 57 False returns or Omissions to
14, 1938 render Returns.

An Act for Making Further and More Effectual

Provision for the National Defense by DESERTION: ABSENCE WITHOUT LEAVE
Establishing a System of Military Justice for Article 58 Certain Acts to Constitute
Persons Subject to Military Law. Desertion.
Article 59 Desertion
• TITLE I PRELIMINARY PROVISIONS (AW 1- Article 60 Advising of Aiding Another to
2) Desert.
• TITLE II COURTS-MARTIAL (AW 3-53) Article 61 Entertaining a Deserter
• TITLE III PUNITIVE ARTICLES (AW 54-97) Article 62 Absence Without Leave (AWOL)
• TITLE IV COURTS OF INQUIRY (AW 98-120)
DISRESPECT
Military Justice - A system of enforcing Article 63 Disrespect toward the Pres., Vice
discipline and administering justice in the Pres., Congress of the PH or SND
military service. Article 64 Disrespect toward superior officer
AW 65 Assaulting or willfully disobeying
Punitive Case - Cases subject to the superior officer
imposition of penal sanctions as provided for AW 66 Insubordinate conduct toward non-
by the Article of War provisions. commissioned officer
AW 67 Mutiny or Sedition
Defendant - A person who is sued in the civil AW 68 Failure to suppress muting of sedition
case. AW 69 Quarrels, Frays, Disorders

Plaintiff - A person who starts an action ARREST:CONFINEMENT

against someone in the civil court. AW 70 Breaking Arrest Escape Room,
Confinement.
Administrative Case - Result in decisions not Article 71 Charges action upon charges.
involving penal sanctions and may take such Article 72 Refusal to Receive or Keep
mild disciplinary. Prisoners.
Article 73 Report Prisoner Received.
B. Persons Subject to Military Law Article 74 Releasing Prisoner Without proper
Authority.
1. All officers and Enlisted Personnel in the Article 75 Delivery of Offenders to Civil
active service of the AFP. Authority.
2. Members of the reserve force on active duty,
trainees and draftees. WAR OFFENSES
3. Cadets, flying cadets and probationary Article 76 Misbehavior before the enemy.
second lieutenants. Article 77 Subordinates Compelling
4. All retainers to any military camp and all Commander to Surrender
persons serving with the AFP. Article 78 Improper use of Countersign
5. All persons under sentence adjudged by Article 79 Forcing a Safeguard
courts-martial. Article 80 Captured Property to be secured for
Public Service
Classification of Courts Martial Article 81 Dealing in Captured of Abandoned
Property
1. General Courts Martial - shall have the Article 82 Relieving, corresponding with aiding
power to try any person subject to military law the enemy.
for any crime or offense, made punishable by Article 83 Spies.
the articles of war.
Miscellaneous Crimes and Offenses
2. Special Courts Martial - shall have the AW 84 Willful or Negligent Loss, Damage or
power to try any person subject to military law Wrongful Disposition
AW 85 Waste or Unlawful Disposition of outbreak of the Philippine Revolution, Spain
Military Property Issued to the Soldier. had 1,500 Spanish troops in the Philippines
AW 86 Drink on Duty, augmented by 6,000 native soldiers.
AW 87 Misbehavior Sentine • On February 17, 1872, the three martyred
AW 88 Personal Interest in sale of Provisions Priests, Fathers Mariano Gomez, Jose
AW 88-A Unlawfully Influencing Action of Apolonio Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora, better -
Court known for the acronym GOMBURZA, were
AW 89 Intimidating of Persons Bringing executed by garrote by the Spaniards in
Provisions Bagumbayan in connection with the 1872
AW 90 Good order to Be Maintained and Cavite Mutiny.
Wrongs Redressed
AW 91 Provoking Speeches or Gestures to IV. The First Formal Truly Filipino Military
AW 92 Dueling Organization
AW 93 Murder - Rape • After 323 years of Spanish rule, the
AW 94 Various Crimes KATAAS-TAASAN KAGALANG- GALANGAN
AW 95 Frauds Against the Government KATIPUNAN NG ANAK NG MGA ANAK NG
AW 96. Conduct Unbecoming an officer and BAYAN (KKK) was founded by Andres
Gentlemen Bonifacio. Its members were Filipino people
AW 97 General Article composed of native Indo-Malays, Chinese
immigrants and Spanish creoles and other
half- breeds. This sense of national unity gave
Article of War 105 Disciplinary Powers of this army the strengin but of proportion to its
Commanding Officers members for actual combat power.
• The feelings of the Filipinos exploded in the
RA 7055 An act strengthening civilian Philippine Revolution in 1896. The Filipino
supremacy over the military by returning to Army of this revolution was drawn of the
the civil courts the jurisdiction over certain secret society founded by Andres Bonifacio,
offenses involving members of the AFP, other KKK.
person's subject.
V. The Commonwealth Army (1935-1945)
⑤ MILITARY HISTORY • With the passing of the Tydings McDuffie
Law in 1934, the Commonwealth of the
HISTORY DEFINED Philippine was inaugurated in 1935. The first
law passed by this government was the
History is any integrated narrative Commonwealth (National Defense Act Nr 1
description, or analysis of past events or facts CIRCA 1935 This act provides for the
written in a spirit of critical inquiry for the establishment of the National Defense Forces.
whole truth.
World War II
Military History is officially defined as an • WW II broke out in the Philippines on
objective, accurate, descriptive, and December 8, 1941. Filipino-American forces
interpretive record of all activities of the tried to halt their advance but were
Armed Forces in peace and war. unsuccessful. McArthur implemented an old
Naval Defense Plan Orange-3, which call for
I. Background the concentration of main defense forces to
• The first recorded-armed encounter involving Bataan.
Filipinos happened in the Battle of Mactan on • About 70,000 Filipinos and 15,000 American
March 16, 1521 when the Spaniards first troops were taken prisoner in Bataan and
came to the Philippines and tried to establish made to undergo the now-infamous Death
dominion over our ancestors. Mactan March while another 16,000 Americans and
Chieftain Lapu-Lapu, with his warriors 2,000 Filipinos were captured in Corregidor.
numbering 1,500, defeated the Spaniards that
was led by Magellan together with his 60 VI. The Army of the Third Republic (1946-
Spanish fusiliers supported by mortar fire, 1972)
shipborne cannon fire. • After the war, the Philippine Army was in a
semi-chaotic state with a variety of units and
II. The Home-ground informal Military agencies headed by officers with Imited
Aspects of the Uprising against Spain qualifications and armed with weapons and
equipment either captured from the Japanese
• An informal military aspect also emerged. or given by the Americans.
Intermittent uprising against Spain. Famous
of them Francisco Dagohoy, was a Boholano VII. The Martial Law Years and the Fourth
who holds the distinction of revolt in Republic (1972-1986)
Philippine history, the Francisco Dagohoy • Marcos expanded the Army from 29,000 in
Rebellion. This rebellion against the Spanish 1972 to 65,000 in 1986 and strengthened the
colonial government took place on the island 3 independent brigades to full divisions.
of Bohol from 1744 to 1828, roughly 85 years. During this time, several units were activated
to enable the Armed Forces.
III. Filipinos in Spanish Military Arm • Everything took a nose-dive when the Chief
Service oppositionist to Marcos, former Senator
• Filipinos accounted for the larger Benigno Aquino, was assassinated on the
components of Spanish expeditions, At the
Tarmac of the Manila International Airport on • ESPRIT DE CORPS-the pride and
August 21, 1983. enthusiasm for a unit as shown by its
members.
• PROFICIENCY - the technical, tactical and
VIII. The Fifth Republic (1986-Present) physical ability of the individual members and
• The period following the departure at Marcos the entire unit in general.
and Gen. Ver were the most confusing in the
AFP History. The people Power Revolution of LEADERSHIP TRAITS
1966 restored great degree of the faith of Decisiveness Initiative
FILIPINO PEOPLE in the AFP, but most of the Integrity Tact
members of the AFP, although they refused to Courage Endurance
obey Marcos order to attack and shed the Knowledge Sympathy
People's blood, nevertheless found it extremely Bearing Justice
difficult to accept Mrs. Aquino as President
and Commander In-Chief matters were made Humility Enthusiasm
worse by agitators elements, many of them Unselfishness Loyalty
identified with Marcos loyalist, who stoked Dependability Force
fires of discontent. Judgement
Humor
IX. Conclusion
• Ten years after the EDSA revolution, the AFP
has regained prestige and credibility in the
eyes of the people and government. The
rebellions and the Human Rights issues were
slowly being resolved.

⑥ MILITARY LEADERSHIP

Definition - The art of influencing and

directing men to an assigned goal in such a
way as to obtain their obedience, confidence,
respect, and cooperation.

The main objective of leadership is to develop

teamwork in order to achieve common goal or
purpose.

2 TYPES OF LEADERSHIP

Authoritarian - defines leader as the

imposition of one's will upon a group in order
to perform task.

Laissez Faire Leader - defines as the

achievement of a goal through a groups effort
with the leadership role shifting in response to
different requirements.

LEADERSHIP STYLES

Leadership style is the personal manner and

approach of leading.
• Directing Style - A leader uses the directing
style when he or she tells what, how, where
and when he or she wants it done.
• Participating Style - when a leader involves
the team in determining what to do and how
to do it.
• Delegating Style - A leader delegates
problem-solving and decision-making to his
subordinates.

LEADERSHIP INDICATIONS
• MORALE - the mental conditions of an
individual which shows his confidence to this
unit.
• DISCIPLINE -the individual or group
attitude that ensures prompt obedience to
orders and the initiation of appropriate
actions in the absence of orders.