Republic of the Philippines

AKLAN STATE UNIVERSITY

College of Teacher Education
Banga, Aklan

Detailed Lesson Plan in Mathematics 9

I. LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:

A. Recognize the meaning of discriminant and its importance;

B. Characterize the roots of a quadratic equation using the discriminant, and;
C. Solve problems involving application of nature of roots of quadratic equations in real life
situation.

II. SUBJECT MATTER:

A. Topic: The Nature of the Roots of a Quadratic Equation
B. Reference: Merden, L. et al (2014). Mathematics Learner’s Material 9 (first
edition). Department of Education.
C. Materials: Cartolina, Marker, Chalk, Laptop, Projector, Study Guides
D. Value Focus: Teamwork, active cooperation.
E. PPST: Domain 4: Curriculum and Planning
F. Strategy: Deductive Method and Cooperative Learning

III. METHODOLOGY:
Teachers Activity Student’s Activity
A. Preparatory Activities
 Prayer

Everyone, please all stand for our prayer.

(Name of the student), please lead the prayer.
(One of the students will come in front to lead
the prayer.)
Let us pray.

Lord our God, Father of light, with Your

assistance we will study patiently and perform
our duties conscientiously. For Your greater
honor and glory, grant us a bright intellect, a
sound judgement, and a retentive memory.

Amen.
 Greetings

Good afternoon, class!

 Good afternoon, Ma’am. Good afternoon,
classmates!
How are you today?

We are feeling great, Ma’am.. Thank you!

Very good.
Before you take your seats, please align your
chairs properly.

(The students will pick up the trash, align their

chairs and take their seats)
Okay, thank you class!

 Checking of students attendance

Ms. Secretary, kindly list the name of the

students who are absent today and pass it to me
later.
Yes, ma’am

Thank you!

 Passing of Assignments

Did I give you any assignment last meeting

class?
No, ma'am.

 Review of the Past Lesson

Okay class, what have you remembered in the

topic you have last meeting?
We have solved quadratic equations by using
the quadratic formula.
Very good!

In solving quadratic equation using quadratic

formula , what should we do first?
The first thing to do is to determine the value
of a, b, and c.
Great!

After determining the value of a, b, and c, what

should we do next?
The next thing to do is to substitute in the
−�± �2−4��
equation, � = 2�
.
Clever! Now please solve this quadratic
equation using the quadratic formula on you −( − 4) ± ( − 4)2 − 4(1)(4)
notebook: �=
2(1)
x² - 4x + 4 = 0 4 ± 16 − 4(4)
�=
2
4 ± 16 − 16
�=
2
 4± 0
�=
2
4+0
�= 2
= 4/2 = 2

4−0
�= 2
= 4/2 = 2
Very good!

It seem s that you really understand our past

lesson.

 Motivation

Before we proceed to our new lesson,

let’s have an activity first.

This activity is related to the lesson that we’re

about to tackle. Are you ready?
Yes, ma’am!
Great!

Kindly read the directions, everyone.

Directions: do as directed.

1. The class will be divided into two groups.

The left side will be the group 1 and the right
side will be the group 2.

2. Each group must choose 5 representatives to

do the activity in front. The rest may coach.

3. One representative per group will go in front

and will go through a battle of rock, paper,
scissors. Whoever wins, will have the chance
to answer if the number shown to them is a
perfect square or not.

4. If the answer is wrong then the points will

be given to the opposing team.

5. Whoever got the higher score will be the

winner.

Are the directions clear, class?

Yes, ma’am.
Great! Now we will start
1. Not a perfect square
1. 48
2. Perfect square
2. 100
3. Not a perfect square
3. 90
4. Perfect square
4. 1
5. Perfect square
5. 144
B. Presentation of the Lesson

Let us now start our discussion. But first,

kindly read the learning objectives everyone.

OBJECTIVES

At the end of the lesson the students should be

able to:

 Recognize the meaning of discriminant

and its importance;
 Characterize the roots of a quadratic
equation using the discriminant, and;
 Solve problems involving application
of nature of roots of quadratic
equations in real life situation .

Thank you, class!

Our lesson for today is all about The Nature

of the Roots of a Quadratic Equation.

Who among you have an idea of what

discriminant is?
Discriminant helps us describe the nature of
the roots of a quadratic equation, ma’am.
Very good!

The value of the expression b² - 4ac is called

the discriminant of the quadratic equation
ax²＋ bx＋ c = 0. It helps us tell or describe the
nature of the roots.

Value of Results
Discriminant
b² - 4ac = 0 One rational
solution (double
solution)
b² - 4ac > 0, perfect Two rational
square solutions
b² - 4ac > 0, not a Two irrational
perfect square solutions
b² - 4ac < 0 Two complex
solutions

This table will be our guide to find the nature

of the roots of a quadratic equation.

Example number 1:

x² + 4x + 4 = 0
First, we must identify the values of a, b, and c.

What is the value of a?

The value of a is 1, ma’am.

Very good!

What is the value of b?

The value of b is 4, ma’am.
Great!

What is the value of c?

The value of c is 4, ma’am.

Good job!

Now that we have the value of a, b, and c we

will substitute it to the expression b² - 4ac.

Who wants to substitute the values of a, b, and

c to the expression b² - 4ac?

(the students will raise their hands)

Please go here in front and substitute the
values in the expression and evaluate.

b² - 4ac = (4)² - 4(1)(4)

= 16 - 16
Very good! =0

Since the value of b² - 4ac is zero we can say

that the quadratic equation x² + 4x + 4 = 0 has
one rational solution.

Example number 2:

x² + 7x + 10 = 0

What is the value of a, b, and c?

The value of a = 1, b = 7, and c = 10.

Very good!

Please substitute the value of a, b, and c to the

expression b² - 4ac, and evaluate.

b² - 4ac = (7)² - 4(1)(10)

= 49 - 40
=9
Since the value of b² - 4ac is equal to 9, and
nine is greater than zero and a perfect square,
then the quadratic equation x² + 7x + 10 = 0
have two rational solutions.
Example number 3:

x² + 6x + 3 = 0

What are the values of a, b, c?

The value of a = 1, b = 6, and c = 3.

Very good!

Please evaluate the expression b² - 4ac using

the values a, b, and c.

b² - 4ac = (6)² -4(1)(3)

= 36 - 12
Very good! = 24

Since the value of b² - 4ac is equal to 24 and is

greater than zero but not a perfect square, then
the quadratic equation x² + 6x + 3 = 0 have
two irrational solutions.

Example number 4

x² + 2x + 5 = 0

What are the values of a, b, and c

The value of a = 1, b = 2, and c = 5.

Excellent!

Please evaluate the expression b² - 4ac using

the values a, b, and c.

b² - 4ac = (2)² - 4(1)(5)

= 4 - 20
Since the value of b² - 4ac is -16 and it is less = - 16
than zero, then the quadratic equation x² + 2x +
5 = 0 have two complex solutions.

Are there any questions or clarifications?

None, ma’am.
C. Application

Since you have already understood our lesson

let us have an activity.

I will group you into two groups. The left side

will be the group 1 and the right side will be
the group 2. I will give you two questions and
you will work collaboratively to answer the
questions. Present your work in class after 5
minutes.
1. Roberta wants to know the nature of the Answers:
roots of the quadratic equation x² + 8x + 16 =
0. But she don’t know how. Help her in finding 1. x² + 8x + 16 = 0
out the nature of the roots of the given
quadratic equation. a=1
b=8
2. Alex wants to find out if the quadratic c = 16
equation x² - 3x + 4 = 0 has one rational
solution, two rational solutions, two irrational b² - 4ac = (8)² - 4(1)(16)
solutions, or two complex solution. Help him = 64 - 64
find out. =0

Since the value of b² - 4ac is zero we can say

that the quadratic equation x² + 8x + 16 = 0
has one rational solution.

2. x² - 3x + 4 = 0

a=1
b = -3
c=4

b² - 4ac = (-3)² - 4(1)(4)

= 9 - 16
= -7

Since the value of b² - 4ac is -7 and it is less

than zero, then the quadratic equation x² -3x +
4 = 0 have two complex solutions.

D. Generalization

It’s now time to put our lesson in a nutshell. I

will going to ask some questions. Just raise
your hand if you know the answer.

Is that clear?

Yes, ma’am.

1. It helps to describe the nature of the roots of

a quadratic equation and value of the
expression b² - 4ac.

Discriminant, ma’am.
Very good!

2. If the discriminant is 0 what is the nature of

the roots of the quadratic equation?

It has one rational solution, ma’am.

Excellent!

3. If the discriminant is greater than zero and is

a perfect square, what is the nature of the roots
of the quadratic equation.
 It has two rational solutions, ma’am.
Great!

4. If the discriminant is greater than zero and is

not a perfect square, what is the nature of the
roots of the quadratic equation?
It has two irrational solutions, ma’am.

5. If the discriminant is less than zero, what is

the nature of the roots of the quadratic
equation?
It has two complex solutions, ma’am.

Awesome!

IV. EVALUATION

Answers:
Directions: In a 1 whole sheet of paper, 1. x² - 16x + 64 = 0
answer the following: a=1
b = -16
c = 64
Part 1. Solve for the discriminant and find the b² - 4ac = (-16)² - 4(1)(64)
nature of its roots = 256 - 256
=0
1. x² - 16x + 64 = 0
2. x² - 8x - 9 = 0
Since the discriminant is zero, the quadratic
3. x² + 5x + 7 = 0
4. 2x² + 7x - 8 = 0 equation x² - 16x + 64 = 0 has one rational
solution.

2. x² - 8x - 9 = 0
a=1
b = -8
c = -9

b² - 4ac = (-8)² - 4(1)(-9)

= 64 + 36
= 100

Since the discriminant is greater than zero and

a perfect square, the quadratic equation x² - 8x
- 9 = 0 has two rational solutions.

3. x² + 5x + 7 = 0
a=1
b=5
c=7

b² - 4ac = (5)² - 4(1)(7)

= 25 - 28
= -3

Since the discriminant is less than zero the

 quadratic equation x² + 5x + 7 = 0 has two
complex solutions.

4. 2x² + 7x - 8 = 0
a=2
b=7
c = -8

b² - 4ac = (7)² - 4(2)(-8)

= 49 - 4(-16)
= 49 + 64
= 113

Since the discriminant is greater than zero but

is not a perfect square the quadratic
equation2x² + 7x - 8 = 0 has two irrational
solutions.

Part 2. Problem Solving Given:

2x² - 8x - 22 = 2
Theo wants to know if the quadratic equation
2x² - 8x - 22 - 2 = 0
2x² - 8x - 22 = 2 has one rational solution, two
rational solutions, two irrational solutions, or 2x² - 8x - 24 = 0
two complex solution. Help him solve for the
discriminant and find out the nature of the a=2
quadratic equation. b = -8
c = - 24

Required:
Discriminant and nature of roots of the
quadratic equation 2x² - 8x - 24 = 0

Solution:
2x² - 8x - 24 = 0

b² - 4ac = (-8)² - 4(2)(-24)

= 64 - 4(-48)
= 64 + 192
= 256

Final answer:
Therefore, the discriminant is 256 and since it
is greater than zero and a perfect square, the
quadratic equation 2x² - 8x - 24 has two
rational solutions.

Part 3. Explain briefly.

What is discriminant and why is it important?

The value of the expression b² - 4ac is called
the discriminant of the quadratic equation
ax²＋ bx＋ c = 0. It is important since it helps
us tell or describe the nature of the roots.
 D. ASSIGNMENT

Directions: Find the discriminant and describe Answers:

the nature of the roots of the following
quadratic equations. Answer the following in a 1. 3x² -2x + 1/3 = 0
1/2 sheet of paper .
a=3
b = -2
1. 3x² - 2x + 1/3 = 0 c = -1/3

2. x² + 3x - 9 = 0 b² - 4ac = (-2)² - 4(3)(1/3)

= 4 - 4(1)
3. x² - 6x + 5 = 0 =4-4
=0

The discriminant is 0. The quadratic equation

3x² -2x + 1/3 = 0 has one rational solution.

2. x² + 3x - 9 = 0

a=1
b=3
c=9

b² - 4ac = (3)² - 4(1)(-9)

= 9 - 4(-9)
= 9 + 36
= 45

The discriminant is 45 and since it is greater

than zero but not a perfect square, the quadratic
equation x² + 3x - 9 = 0 has two irrational
solutions.

3. x² - 6x + 5 = 0

a =1
b = -6
c=5

b² - 4ac = (-6)² - 4(1)(5)

= 36 - 4(5)
= 36 - 20
= 16

The discriminant is 16 and since it is greater

than zero and a perfect square, the quadratic
equation x²- 6x + 5 = 0 has two rational
solutions.

Prepared by:
Group 3 (grade 9)
Checked by:
Prof. Ma. Lourdes Ilarde