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TeV erebed by hegeh Ts becane of his 7 execs by 465 qamhden per iait ant on Tht we Subliswadion Tempackan detonine S08 uarinaien he Sate of Subdance, g, Se Mea {t0o%), Gates Gh) we S2ES XS Pressure g we ‘\ _Suioion “Deposiven Sotid Co, Gay i) B shred under high Proms. Seem one Walls oF the Container Latent Gnadee) heat of Uagounsatran, Gemount of heak erngy pander te chengelky of a SUA tab a Giqad ab almosgtaie Qresuat A Mething Qoiat Elates deter) > Fic Gore) Frcroesd; tunrovabion BoiLins vitae > surge Aree (hot Hee poutd inrasae Cools quickly) 2 Ragid process = Sear > Tempuckat. (Ex) Dated oF ler bee Sa = Bulk phanomenan 2 Seta ° honey Gea) ‘ > Rumidity (amorarof weber yapour prescabin any s Take glaweata seeuic © Aes temp. ; ae oy nasser Goate sna Coot ineantRAAn pot durieg No da. Sri ret nit we 27 9 using grocers. Nee CREAM. arelone (oait polish rertoue)) ecoure SeIARLE on reat (lage lebent Neato eagontahion esi cog) Corben ose 5 we gersgre mare dito bubs wedraion Wo beep Or cool Cotton Lose bs stad L engens ibe bro sehue for ean Quagora hor. Water droplet on Glass uber vapan ind lose, eAigy A ek Csedea Po Uguid femp. vemeips Constedat dong chong of Hale high @.0. 7) shang inkpe Ut fore pater Latent HeRT of UAPOURIEATION i5 gents WEHER Tras LATeut HEAT oF Faso, ee ere eee + Cates ety labertal Dan 8 cooling > pale up Jor Lair wnt diias euaporahur fin corded than KE ED Hyd ¢ AEN Het of Retwy), Goo = 6-32 = Ktass (eo Teo TeoS2MHEL YD dufiud onthe abbreviated form of He name of an elimant. | 5 a Reprerenk 0 ponhiusan anal eat god > ol Represent « singh aba ot Anat ean — io vo oo Dalbn> gictaial veprsenhnn “ee Rerziliut> | ov wes of name d dart Twew Plow Where titsy wore found for tre * Ke > Ciypric = Coppen Specific Cleans + yellow we gall eu one (intersabonal Unow of Rove ond Apyiad Cniiry) ted appICA Naveed ob eluent, sypabal and ets © om or ruses @) Cd) @ 4 leant () D 145 onset ov German oy Greek expeimantally dabeeaed bot 9 of © conbios with Hg oJ. So ATOMIC Mass C comsnsnwitr Hy hrs rat & Since determining Ae mais of an individual aloo Dos @ difficult axe Xehalive atomic masses Bare determined vsing Ae Laws of chemical Combinations and he cornpoonds formed Amu > aromic ass ond, W-» unihied mass SHeeho's oily fuori, of dhe mass dh an alurn of Caburally occuring Orygen asthe Gait ad 1 0 yeack™d witha large no. of aamans 1 forwad compondd 2 Mas amu Gave masses ot most elemonk, ar hela nombers, 'A61-> Uesvonadiy accepred amar C2 isobope choten at refoute point Nama Wa mas ueik Qquad te tracy oF te mastat [ahem of carte i" The rdadive atomic Manes of men 6 reaver alee cranes of Me alm of anetument is detined ab the a4. mais of Ane atem, as compuubh a" mass of | Cin 24 A amu = 1, 66056» Io" Ammonia > Ni. (0404) . a4 Mav of L Kalen = L.6r36~ 0" g Mranonium» NY! ¢ . , =) 1 * 1.6136 © 4 Loboserions ami . 10017 em4 B \, 009 amu AloMiCity 0. oF aos qnshhahin # coale cule, Manoa or We, He 20,AB, WOKE Re Dialomic + H,0,.v,F, ch, by, } Malt and ane oer eliunks Auch al C, “Wat » Orax.(0,) od} have a imple Abuchue. but Consist Relvaradond cy ¢ H % larxe erm L nafiaite wens Poljehaicoy § (54) 4s aha cae ae “ ws ~ : syst Co, a zi Nowe mor o Carbon Vu JON Clade chaagel spewed MoueCuAR mass fs my Ug, 0m Cl tenn e soaf dee a Ralo by 00. of abate 1s 2. s wp Oba Tre abvens ng ie Rao by muss = Radi Ag rmotecute Re (10 ites element fia aoe we ™ veuhve arsot a ©" Simpl alow tue edn Cha) ot ee Patenivnn (Pe) Sum gine aboot wane of al abe V6 a Thorton (ty) Amma init of a compourd . (\cew) G5, Nata Nar 58.54Inahoidy KANAD porhiakd Thal iF ewe go on dbASINg mater (tadarih into himollen and sraler particles tian uindely sbage Ul! be veadad Whest wee tee re Saige. He gaged ‘hase Parmana, re orks cascor BA fe . co i eena wangpokih slalaceded Wis odce ond Said “he there pan hled Lene eon : sees a Serre whallly enishin combined deni a ve atiass fared of noon, ‘a6 4 9 on dauding matter tran o shage will be veached Wir eee ot een A oe mak oe ab. me faved on ptolereghical cecddenoas afd toh much expeimerdat Donk Al the (PY chang fy tne endot tra Ue cacdeny, AdeNKIS Flea gcaseh Aha aitFonendt Lehsesn element L tompandt anc deka dawnt ielouses in finding oot hes) ard Dhy eluate mbit and Dhal heed Oren trey do rain crate ak end of oe veved Srucent of atom L ev plain ths iempoctart grapes eh Los OL CHEINICAL Ceont4evhtions Cinud? expeinata Jord by Arbine b: howisiee d Sosegh ead ios shcemiehs Contes r fad of Gesouobion.cf, Most Gath oe Freoch chamis} Aching Laisier + at tat hone ~ e : . ech chamist Joseph Louts Prowk = In fone Feachion the dotal massof me reds oh "Ug a comical budbtance, the laments oe Gp2) bo tre tote monsot a reactant.” 08 present ae dehiske geagortens by mass, © Ross Lan cain kon.” : A ss “ eee eared mcceaeel tecaon bg Ap Pham any tomnee> V1, (0, > 1B 4. Caco, Serybeckng 5 GO+co, Aaoisia £ otteas noled tat Corrpoundl nee wy 1 a fe ro en more ltenatts and each auch Compored lemeth 10 tre same proportion, ‘wrespechue of where if came San oF tae prepared. (om) DaLtn's fbmic Teory (W708) itt) PRLEW'S sme THeony © AV erations trode upd vow Hing gaabides casi adows, udhich powicigale io chamnical reackons @ Proms are indivisible parkdey which cannct be cated or dasbrayed (6 9 chamical Beach . © Atoms of a ojuen danesd ant dered in mass and chamicgl pregnha i © ewdot Afgoark sana howe aaest none cod uwal pepe, MEE: ele rao if © Aiwees cmabine te tre Nabe of Bread Dhele ombers fe Loner. comquants dug. fo mase abo. @ “he ralabve cuambor ark Kids of areas ot castarh Toa gen cmgawh. > providantte basic Tony about tre natunt of matter AF Guus an expanakion fortne bad of Centowaken ofrnass and tre Lao oPdehril pm asians Atos [om rf > bul Movecures ing blocks of nated. > Swotied paidt-abondarebed Garba pattie Genel eects, 1 Swallest gantot a gut substan Cobanaat [cong acd) hed retains all ‘subsions PF Way oF era cot exist rodapeadently in hee Mbabe Gh ea do ed a 7 Con be Subdivded 10> Subabomie parkas (Cet, 0) iu ; et, > Gabe. subdivided ithe abe trak aren held Feqetne oy chanical bond , ogetnon by thir; cc mo wm PF Higely reackve Gxagh noble gar abel) 7 dass teactioe Aber of nos elena CGaAd aaisk independently and Geoag of Lov move abors chamitatle, Form molecedes and i008 bak oagre gale tn lange bonded togetner. fumbos be folm ine matte hal we Can, € beach or feel.cumicah Warne step \ rn i) Onsae aoe waco Solphate * By stronkum Grbonate Hg ‘Bo,) olassium Wisotphebe, se GF Picartenate yg * 3, J VALENCY Combining capach of an abn of anelemant Defired artie cumber of H oben trad can combine With oF dsdaaw | adom of he de mut PM a Compond Nome SPREE Wy Helium A, Neon le), Kegon (hr) Koger Cir) enon We), Radon a) (alunsy =0) A> ass suarhor = te > Sambelot ened > Hoon futher = eee a= ha Proto 2 neuer ortabre called nadanas \soteres. Sama akorte numba bub ArkFewAd mass nuendo &g. JH, 4H, +8 Cretiued) (Deuteson Cre ihiws) ’wo MO 2°, erie BgoM rt, n& patio Be He ateen oe (edi isohpe s0.6nes Abmns of diffeunk clamants with Aiffehent abemic cumters od Saqna Ass HUNK, 40 Gq “ae K 4. ah ag 4, ast Os Saye & Co jwes f fot, it emnebensgs @ jor A to 4, st gains eotey. Slee 2 Skee RaorcaL Sn, 0¢ Sno Rr ate or 0 group oF atoms Mat behave Uke a single ahom ii 50, gl ina oben), M95%4 Chem cab veackon Srelod, SrlOx ren Tre absonie ounber (2) i defined as the otal Number of prokons Sorot. chen cal pogattion (2) Axffouk physical properties CA) Roms of same camint with The grass oF an alpen of any shat K, (Heo), KHCO, Cake (tly cnenged ian anivn > () ual tengéd ion Wawooed > FH, eI (alan) Present in re mocks of an ahom Mass Oumber Cad is deined astra Semok tm totah Aurbmrsf proboar ad, A@ubens werent in Ta cwdaws of anahm. cakodl damant is taken af the anenagt mass of ad ne naberally occurity abons of drab clement, (Bam demank har vo sslopes tren AZ NER bub it ocaas in solepn Ges then he A094. mass 1 calculadeh Uh Me help of. oeach 4. @ oceans ip nae ie Loolegic Form, CL- 95 b ania atomic, = a xt). 105 437 fig. abssie mas (Br AT Oe ey AWS rend Jf you idee a caked ameur of Ch iH IN Gonlean Goh izahped wR any. ass 35.54 Aggcekens (Sane itchper have cael sfeaak prepa) © Aa sbotope of unanun (U-139) is Uded od a tual io cUduatentles © An vookge of cobatkC -69 as WEA in tre treatment of cancar ® An rwobpe oF redite (+15) is wed intr reatment of sie R92 > Whemia Aeedmark, As-14 > dads humours 7 MG-24.5 Jocaber blood cots.Ont TM PE tcheaks ons tad abims ane changed park ard the Condon nde hich eect W420 > Kaan sat aloo was, b> € Sl stein iscoutnes il Cndacks 6g Aiffuatt subsranud indivisible Gut contmind ab Wark | Rub-alomic fan! A oat ely ag torkde as akg 2200 him, hab of e Mass (13) ok iewkible oman jrom- Aldping Able ebriely The proence of aud hadiabiond is a gas discharge and called shem Canal fags Radiakons tat ulKiaely led fo the dscarery of atotnnr sab-ahmic charged charge egaal in Magribde & opposite iA Kign AB. Mass cuas SAproeimately hue tne” rr Tomy hoy) es!) ROTHERFoAD!S ATorane model (ern, Discooes TL Teny) c.oabten To, tn Gagged) Vorr«10% {625 * fo"! MEL OF ATO torihve —~ An aben consists af a @) hanged a vel chang 6° Aphow. SRR acd the Cane eceded inh © Of dledion ~ MOLE chews cnr equal Se, Howe, results of erprinanlt (wis) BOHR'S Mover of Aron OPEL oF ATOM shh (n=4) Orly wrtain SRecak orbils Rooun mia) as Lisnele orbitch altthers og shell (r= | owed. GS wai Dalle © Elechans Baht nadine earngy able Yeesluing, ie discrele ovbils Tse Orbis on ahaa ane cated entry lsvdds anh at veprereataded by tne letters KLM “pn tee oumbos, 0212,3,4, Distesution oF ELECTRONS SecA Suagented bu Galo £ tury PR neaimum no. of eleckoos qresent in a shell given by forma LNY jwinere ‘et Me orbit umber or enansuy luvel Inde, 12,9, + © The max, no. oF em that can be accomedaktd in ovtexmost orbit Bf. © Shells ont Filled ina SeP-wise manner — lechrons *-SHFA SHALL walets he iota Shalt oF Leder entngy Uae ore Biel fp DUP LET RIM + I} am afm had ony U Shall anc it cons Lelecheas , ran the D Said te have completed ik dugiet. OLAET Roce. UL an adom har more tran (snall and ib if har P eLechonr in ike Lark Coatenud SAA, ter ib is said de have competed ocled and. consiaered vay Arable Wauew ce etectnons: dedhor inthe oukemost shebk of ar calor receiving apaaly abode casuals habia, tain diy Yee A fm ath accomodated in ohm TOMA usar enelanned od an atngh fo atin fulbfiltd oukmsst Ahtd ckl), Father of nucleon physics” Righar ray Scatl@ring experiment Bornborded a bens tri} gold foil Dick | (about 1000 aden Hnzek) wort a rove ford 1 have Gnsiderable eae) “Fai (Goud "“rangd hag ans “H) Observalionds Mosh of the fash cnoving A-tankidad Qassed tinough-he foil ondétieted. © Soret of the cA panhdld we deeteved by small 2s. * only Vouk oF ee ILe00 pankued nebownded , (endusion, © Mosk of Twpace inside tre abe i> exnghy, # THE change on adore occngien oy LHe space © AIL “AM CHcnange L mate of alo WO Conse braltd 19 a Ue Seal lent in reabom Ruttspd’s propenel modal’s Jeakach # There's @ (evdiy changed conve IN Alem Called qudawd. Nearly ath te alern's mass resides hang, © Electors reuslue arcund jn Nudes Ye Grealan pals © Te size of The aveltus 13 voy Sinath exoganed, fp are abw's sre. Daradbacks : Feailed 4 explain © stability oFahm— According te Mar aueuis cledromagndhe tay, any s tankde uhanacce loaded Covcoler tab) should ent ‘radi alion ard Be 0098) 5, eledroan suid scl inh th rads aad ean Ge (Map bak ahs cae Kaan h 4 rable. ° elethon dishitubion around re dle, * ent oF obenPuRE SUBSTANCE = Gosists of a single Sype oF particle Poe a of i cara conan Evements Callison 2 Cexiaen beurre. Liquid slittly above Voocren 1. (3036 \661- Robert Boe was the Pe ne ce ° tit RoWine Losment Lavoisier (inuy- 9), a French chamisk, was st R to establish an \xperiogertalhy wref A dlfinikor sf ckment © defined an clement ad ABASIC FoR of CANTER THAT CANT BE BRoKeN Down Wis SIMPLER SUBSTANCES BY CHE MLche RERCTONS, JI¥ Rnodn: 92 occur in neki on ic dunes rt a gn a ede el hd meraus MERnows, Non-metALs — have uatve (hind) Some lament have — Display « vaaraly ~ Siar gray /eoletayeion — infesmediake bee = Grdut hak 2 dels PREAHES bebaean, (onda of = dude (arbedraun — Hohe of mab be into hacemos wires) O04 non-mels. trallable of dail a. lambe Remi cenduchors Bromine is \iquid coon ithe thin shee! Eg. Bovonts) A Yom temp. ~ Sovoroud (unging sand Gon), K,0 41,6, Brith thon hit) Germacsue Ge), Gain bom — AY, Ag, Fe ,Na K Assenie(3), Refiwones (sh), 20i0 Hg , . . 9- Only tiga e TeNleasiues (Te), are veo lee. Polovian(ed, des ey Done ef abanl. ——_fetare (nd) cca! High dontity excpt (i, Na, Goupaly high MPL BP. sacha eh, = nok lashoud,, so00v0us, Tt Core POUNDS homogenkoub A compounm 6 AsuesTace eoMtUH ES MADE UP OF 2 Om MORE ELEMENTS CnEoicaungcoenginseD a Free y' oncroa-rit HM, NotL abe ror Stings and dghun paudlan at Cuished ard mr. SI Magneh'c.s abtaddd b magnct. WiPiud Maing 2» prereset nang onal, given oF OF absorbed diating ‘ne Foartabion of @ compound adi a Chena ca change. FeS > hank ¢Ught Gomes Grspoard © (ent Sold ino Zor Can trove Afoanr Subsancts, © Gorists of dame ‘Ried of aboard © Alors in tea Amalssd 6 Melacule unit * tease magic, Fes> 0d magndic Fes + ue Fesepet C54 iso, ote, ate Fees + Gey CCdssdoe, ron GUD) Gesu C5, 5 dose donot CeO Sept eon yy black o Dik fount Murnges, Me Ht (pe dette med i ay propeshor = sour tomo cervesua / SovuTiont Memes! Oniforrt. Composition +hrougnast. Cooked chy dabech pot hed eg. Sald]sigan disse) in HO. Ton -oni fore Com posihin, C4 Jesh Rulghun, derail c Nov Thue SOW QuoTonl = saute rsouwewr < al : eee SusPeNsionl CoroiDAL {onus lomoganeous ik oe , — z Heleroganoud mixta «fick Yaak $2¢ 8 grado than fh Ca Pooddeh ate Sinall-ttan lam (0°) io cdc wiiabide SO eae es cs hon tbe diameter. So tray Cag behennbynekedeyed — 5 y a ‘the sche qual dost dssde nud vein Lurpendtd tego Suspension: Regent honogeiowr Doth beatin a beam of light passing though She bulk o fre. wodium, Rimexcem a stre Seladion . Path of light not visible, mia 1 by eed Golde pantices (aut be sepandes fiom the rabbi, (10%) Gach be Seed by fit. prowess of filhralion fn sls bane UA ty SO we 2 Stabe- Se gartidles don setite doutt i Can a shane. ies ie i b on Ansjab! " . eu lahen left undishabed coe ete foworne Dsrerient ve suaqeasion beaks £ daseh sosions'.Gareour folubiont: Riv (523 in gai) Satd Salut (oy) Hemogencous mirtires oF Dov cert getell or a meatand a nonmelal drat aft be Separated into tnein comporantt Sowvews, We Component of wxhae thed d\ (suatly presen i longo agnount) Pypea methods. Considered 0 market ad ib shod The progarhe of JS cashtuen’ and co have variable congsil™ 69. Brass= 10% an + Tor lu (appros) ‘stolves tre fms crn ponanh ia Sovute Usualy proseatin lesser quankty). The component of the cmixture tabi dissoled in tne Advent, € 4 Ohockwe of wedine S Solus Todint ord), Scluenti, alcohel C tigud). © perahed drinks Uke soda @aloy > SWE in (0 (5), sclventin #00), At any carkcular temp. ,a solution that has disselved as much sdule os ids capable of daseluiny, 1 said te be @ sahwraled soluhon, The amount of scluke grestt in the cahwaked Solulion ak Ks. Jemprrakne % callsd vk Solubitiby, \F the amounb of scute is less than tne sahnahon we, ike coulled The conantrakion of a Aclukon a The amount of (ass orveluend) Soluble gases jn a given amount (‘ross ov volumdof 5 olukion Gd moss by mass foreningt of & Aaluhon 02) mass by voleane On Unrated Aoluion DIE. Ho Golowtess, odourtess, combanide AS > clomen, = mossoF elude ia) vol ae SesoF x\oo Gi) boy volume acres inoss of polukon G8 brates) The Aohdtclike Gengorent o Pre dHROS parkdivin a wlleid form tre dispeced phate aud tu. Comporant "in ukidh the diseased Phare ih Aoeended & ncan ad te dispesion medum . Disposed phate. Dispersion Median Type fxarmples Tynpate EFFECT Liquid oe hewsol — Fog , clad ,omis Setierg of ght by colloidal. ‘Soh Gas Rersol Smoke, aufpmobik-exhoal, Joy i Ta ~ oad ut — fine beam of Night enters a Gas vyud Foam Sawing Ones chi QO room ‘Wroish a small hole. Taq Liquid Eoulsion gnalth fa otar han ater | (dart bob Scatter ght parka) Sank rrr Sol elk of wagrarin maby point | — fan bk observed when G fetid Foam ras ROHL PMID | AUAliGN casted THrongh TL canety ee — = eae pal Y OF a dante frat. ng waderdroa Kgl set oh Bly eagles] 18 ost art od cell pavbudd, Sot Selik Lid Sol lose gonatones IBS 4) i iy Takes Compounds. MPL Fined mid ge Cds tohred, iin * Cunt ov contbocad tii gen te form a mixhar —» leneds react ofr: pont Smead Ord nonin Compound id formed. U's aphypich chong, "OR enixtos had a Variable Composition and it dosere have a deticite. Yoeeuba 2 Shoo TRL prepatiek of 6 conshhwents © Conshiluants can be Aepersted Pails, eauily by Physical methods + May or man cot be homeparass, US a chamicah change © The composition Fa Compound is Fred and A has a dafaite formula. o The poperties ot o campounch eat ty be Seproded only bs dahecheattah mactead| genet Signo | ArosieNo.6) | Afoniconass()} Velaaey — Pynd Group Cito nic (oxfiguaton | Hydrogen 4 \ \ 1 : | Heian, He FY 4 ° Ag Lithiom b 4 1 ! \ Ber ylivor be is a Lu 2 boon 4 s u 3 . Canton, c 6 n bl “4 Wihogee Nv 7 4 35 3 : : “6 L % e 4 \a ! W he lo Lo ° u Na " 2s ! ! ™ a 14 : i Aluminium Me ‘3 a 7 : i aL / a ie ee Siticon a 2 4 . [ ie : a i Phasprorud g . . als = : ba | Tc x16 0 Sulphur 5 oo = |—_——- Il 4 s 7 (nlowine S l a oa ae a ——_—_—— Eat = ly Arapn ce - ad oe a k 4 4a 1 : Porassive = — Catia) 7 te Tg 2 Gciume & [ ue = = = - eae s Wii eles ee i a