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ce S-Block oy Ui ea rt © ftomie ond Physiol ‘Poopenlies of; AM ond Aem™. el ia > fllomie proopenties ma A el a @Eleclnonte confiuneton: [arent gas pre]-nsY* x hat & enlens fn*s” subshell. aS = Becoune thet 07 /oH- Baste im. nodune and Se oi7on” ose base ns! ne found fn. eoth enust Ee in nal | as! te _ Ke REG, gb ss" Ca Rearen: F/OH” aw ampbolente , ea fn nakune es © Bo Radio En)ast aelive @ Alomie Sre: AM Bp) nt shes VUCUCCUVURUUR TER UL Rhea erate AEM nt sheq AYD>AEM fn o posticulon- period. Wi Be NOM Qpdutding Laden Cow ack GEES Ky Yea. Rel \ |or Cs\ Ya@ Aanisabion Enthal " T >. shet TEL Cad AM < AE ; ng! a ou Li {Be LE, WBe DEL AMD AEM (TE) No dmg ne, be 2. ae No» Mg SEs achive d filled_confi eek etn offer wetroval of 1e- : Ww fs stnongest RA duc nae Enen ~ Pah agonal hit fom, ents polenta « 5 ree | MoE Myr Es Meg + HE (She f ions) Fonnce'emns @st Hydnodion: KD NotSK Rb} est » Z| i> ita Hydnaled i int bicegy > Ne ayy) Koy) Roa) CS bee a y< tn Tomie Mobily: higagy< Meg)
Grolden. yellow Te k—> Violet Rb—> Red violet Reason: Ty flome e exited to higher Level. When they eame back, emit Eneng> tn vistble region. Cs—> Qlue. > S-block Melals hove Low MP. due to less Be. To. of volenee e-- ™q, ] 2 Alkali melts < AEM Cr) Ca> Brick Red. Al = $0-> Catmnson Red. only ae- Fee emridalit Ba> apple green. tnvalve "volver Cee x > AM _ond_AEM ane soft Malala. REM one Harden than AM. > Silvery while Metabs . Be,Mq —> Stighthy greyish - &>Chemical, Propenties > Reach’ vil in. s-bloek elements f down the ar ~ : HdNo
Melal Nitride >In AM only Ki can, fonm_ stable Nilnide | Sieh Le Poebb eee eb bbbbdddddddd dd IJJLLA bri YSSSSIDYS Co#Ny—> ean, — Cott 7"@ Reaclion with Or NO RO SO hice Be S block Melal+0. >O7OL/G » >0'/0r/g oe Rb| \ [Sno Bedw LM Nad ea Csr BadkRbdes GN Tee. main| foom. Matnk ‘oom Honore Maley Semen eS (s0 tm eae) suftranile (eo in_ vers W+0, —7 ho No+0, No.0: uy] Refes #07 #0,/-RbD»] C50 gmal)_omount ) . Qs Im space sublles S P sles %5 used Jo praduce Ox poe SUMS! a encodes ts used’ me and submarines. oy =p f , KOn+ C0. ——skpGds +0, Rone superoxides om eolouned and paaetmopnehy 03 > G2) nr mABMO > few penoyides am eolouned due presence of impurity of So: @ _Hydnolyste of 0/03/05 hfa0 +4 H0 —> WOH ie Na,0. +H:0 —>NOOH +H,0.. Oo +e onm KO, +HO—>KOH + H,0,4+03_ He fe ® OF +H.9 — ott HO. On" < : boy! @oy +H,0 —> on- +H Atspropomhinale, 4 ou- es 8 Ne eg ou DHA +H20, +01 oa PEVEEEEEDDMT DALIT TAI AIAAIAAAAAAAANARR EOL ELLE LECGi) Reaction. ostth usaen: Hi -neoet afth AM/AEM +430 ——s Mata Hydnoride ( Water len Vignoualy : *h,t : f+ H,0 ——> Mou +H, t due to : hw, 2 ‘2 aus 40 ph om. of WE Yow SS Be and Ma ore Kinetico gent tathh of and ane Gul ! Po mec form they ean neacr. Sweface oma T Reoclvily ii) Bachin. coflh. H: : (i) action. cof * ane +H, —> Metal Hydofde j ; Danie Hydntdes [I Deo 9 tn nokor Be do not react eotth Hy dineckly due High P é values oe + KPAl Hy, ——>BeH, + HCl +AlCls ea bee Be. Roachon— wrth Halogens AM/AEM +X: —> Mela) Halides Bet, tc fonmed by necductive chlorination of Bed Be +3 —> Bx GeO +46 el, —> Beat, +o Ww Bees and Maets axe covalent frnabune ond soluble, v tn: migomie solvents , dua to high @ vahue of tele, Mg > .Wi) Bidusieg Noture = S block Metals arm strong RA due to there _bigh -ve SRP values ? AM have mane nbdhuetng powen than AEM. &) Reaction ootth hiquid Na AMVAEM + Qi. NH-—> Ammontoled + Ammonioted Tore mt em | M+ xy li, Ns —> Tro," + [ead] Roopenties of Mt Mg. NAs sdlution. Mr ee Blue ealouned an Fora magneie A Noh es Boateng peel Ammoniated = ~Fledlreally eonduelor] Rearons— frm. e-> >Conditton-1: “It Jhis_sdulton ts allowed Amphiabed eatin {on oven might on fore, Lang, Aime. = SQ + Sig. NHs sone + “~ me & Ht SOM Ad ammonite. wi >Condiiion-2 5 at sdlubn_ fs coneentnabed (1) CExeen) pes Mgr, —~Z< Fatning. of e- takes place- Me en \ i Pxé Gow Blu —> Branze, | & & ]@ Se & G S a & e eS & S S & - = = - = = WA I =ey + @ Genenol chanarlestshes of_compounds of AM and AEM : = _D Walides Conbonales and Heo" > Sulphates D Nitwabes > 0% /0H~ > ©Dlides AM Halide s, {F_Nof KF RbP__ GsF Alle becomes less 11 alive. [ix Nox 4x Rox Cx, [Ae] 8/7] AY; beesmes mane negphive >fer_ Foe given Ai AML ME Meh Mee ME [M=H/Ne/e) Ant beronigs Guy neenlive, ® utr 2 pddwvsddd or WF & way Jess soluble (Almost fn soluble) f f * Qoason:- dna gh bE of LiF fim shbtlly of pound Se ” > GT fe wang clos soluble. (Almost tnedtuble) [HESDE “B Reosemn:- due tk Ido LE f sdubilily Y 7 % est a yee a WME Solublly se WOQG {© WAL te covalent fn nol tee Daag = amd stable tm onganie solvents. ie @stT- prLleydi > AEM Halles > Beth, is predoninalely> eovalenk “oad foo - dfmen ond sme Be asap? wy an a poly as ap VEIN U-Be—et a = a ea (Crastaliine Becks) — Unearn a _ 5 ‘ —1200K —sp> ye N iN x ~ Vepoure ~ Trigonal plano Neyo — Exist ot 10004 " . -s = pe TT inahadvoll ~ Solid — Exist ok room Temp- > Hollides of AEM ane extst in Hydnabed Fonm (Duc ' ue to Small ste => “Tendency to foo Hydreates a) doco Ts igh P Dats ‘Notura, Gt OL) peice BeChy-*H,0. As Belo), tHa hysts Wg BHO P+ mglon)s +42) : ' Cael, CHO > Sore eae Er a Sp chy GH,0 A> Sota +6204 Both, 2HO > Gada +2104 delydnabion Se te Dan cane. of Balyshomte anions _on7/S0¢ e] c03'7/ NOs /HEOy ED [Pv rst) @CF_ond weds) ory tow low P HOO, oR AMeDS ond AtKCOT LEY st must eek AEMCOF ond AEMCOS WE | Sol), WHQQ3 do nob eats in sal ® Sulphales (802) REMSOF” HE Jl Wie beuoolt Osne 2, PRUVTVTVTGVATU ET TT ELT LAR AM AU aad dd ddd ddd sds clin @Nilnoles MNOS —s png, 0, (Exeeph Lt) sie Bien NOS ——> MO+NOi +02. High gq (RV/AEMNOS TI HEL sad b| Oor/our json (Belou) | Ts t —5@y ts) Nad = Ma(OH),_ Stabily 4 (LEY sat) KOH — COlOW, | Goutetly t+ (EN Caste t) ROH SA(OW)a_ |(Ganie Nolur) @s0H — BalOH). QO» ge and Be(OW), are amphotenfe fn nature car neaekufth aids ar well a» Bare - © Some fmportont eompound Sy dium and Colefum_ © Sodism Corcbonak (Washing soda) Nay60,10H,0 Preparation: salving ammonia. Process. Key pofak aye = Raw Malentaly SP Hy 002 Na et Brine so/” —NoHC0s
[NHyHCO3 ‘OH. NH, + H30 —> NY OW" 4 Raw We G0, + HO —> th COs i fe ae fea stim Ga) QNaHCO, A> [Na,COs]+H20 +002 Niyo + Colo i e NHS Be ooo oH 20 LO HOO LCE Ke Regenenation_ of; NHs KOTE D> Ks 0 con nat be. prepared by Selvay Proce. 5 KHeO, & Mane sduble fa water cotth NHuct KOL tNHyH C03 v KHCO3 + NHy¢l cag, woolen Soluble >, Comnat be separate foo fudhen pooers (i) Sodium Hydnonfdes (countfe Soda) Nod vo Cob Foeparalion:- Cosme Kellner Se = >. dy Eleetnolys?s ot) arine scukion (neOce) a LVEDD E DDT TT WPMD ADD WH TULEVLYAA _Anode:- 3 A 4a, t Acget hode = nar —> Qe vtig) cothode iis used Natta’ Nog +H20 an ” 8 Jowen disehange Baluar ail oe * potential of Nat 7, © dome tmmpontank- compounds of Colefum () Caleium Oxide on Quick Sime @ad (i) Goleium Hydroxide on slaked Sime @o(0H). Gi) Cactuem Conbonate Catds-Irms stone Wi @alefum_ Sulphate &) Cement - >Enmpentent Reoehions of ea _eompounds * Cat0, A= CoO + C0, a0 +C0, —> Cady quick Lime Ca0 +H —> Calo¥). Ss ess Ca(OH), +¢02 —>Cac0s Onily (Ut) Coto, Exe 0» Suspension so e Ceo) MitKof Lime - SORSVUTEEEPELEReee eee haetbbddddddddddee ds LAA iliG(OH),* O —>cai, + Ca (otf), (Qeaching Powder) 2 Hypocdlantte fon sf © | Ou fons Lele! fel abe adlive ingnedrenb Cath. ColOH),* CaLoel)'240 Responfi ble fon bleaehing DdColeium. Sulphate A CaSdy:2H20 A> CaSDs"4s 0? Casdy qurse™- platen of Paris oe a User? . on (4:2) 2CaS0y: H20 Cad) CVEDEREEEEE EDD EEE VAD ADAVAVADAANAAAANANAAKRKV OL BOE OE OT CLGeS 8 ‘Callum Onde or Quicktime C20 incement manulactuing Preston of Suga & Manutactre of Dye Calc hydrox or Sake ime 30H), (ied at white wach Dainecant Usedin Glass making taming industry Bleaching powder preparation 2 Used ae fn Inentacton of metals + Inmanutacturig of ih quality paper * amtacd {alum sulphate (aster of Pars) 2 sein ulin indy + Tofetractred bone Making eat of tates tnporea igs of Sean Compeurast 8 Sodium Carbonate (Washing sod) + inate sottenig laundering and deaing Manufacturing of gs, soup & bors Sodium Hydroxide NaOH + Used in paper pats & teste indus + inpurteston of bauate Sodium Bearbonate NaHCO, Mad antiseptic + Usedin fre exingushers ‘Aka Meta + Gsisusedin photolecic ells {isin wed i loys formation + We Po(whte metah [us alrerate pact) + Na’ Polls needed to make Pott and PoMe, (Earlier hed as ant knock aditves to pet) OWis wed as excellent absorbent of CO, ‘Berl suse in alos (Cu + Be High stent sings) + Beusedin ky tubes ‘Mg a0 form aos with Al Zn, Mo & Sn (used in Ara industry Suspension of Mg(OH], ik of Magnesi-atacs MEO, totnpaste (Gi eh show high reactivity with 0, & hence used to eeate vacuum tubes Radium vied in adotherapyintzeatent of eancer>Cemenl contains. dicoletum Stlicate 2cx > Handing iol Geman: - Sooo ddSHKKEEHEHAddd ddd dadHddWETEddEaoe 9D higC0, a se. on haodin = in OOrly kt ed slable Nenide 4 = =O ao —As Ma 0+N0s +05. 2 @bHe02 do no} exist Yn Sola 26 RG ts eovelent in nokure. = ona found (ir Wwyrated jonm iS KU-H,0 Triealeium Silieode Frtealeiam Aluminale 117. © Anomalouy Poo penbies h_bithium Fon good qual tly eorment oy Rare 22-5 toy G) SO _ ve eqns rey, Ca + Shy Mixtog- oneal clinken Bh sdling tme of coment oot Kind eemant Ca, Si0y Ca3si0s Ca3Alz0, Sie aes enmie: Rachion— sole somintt nq: 7 een Jockin: — Tirmevensible™ Gaasre~ Qi vale. : A NogtOy! Ka@Da/ RbsCOa/ @siC02 > X No Rh GN e3kn do not exist- NNO, —> Mn. +0, [fr =nol RPI CS] Exisk tr solid (only veo Q Neos extst fr solid ) Rest al orw fonfe In malue do Tot extsk In hydnaded Loom,@ Paints bo Gimilanitfes beween hi ond Ma RS ¥ cer Ou c i and ie ane eovolent fn nalunt soluble te_snganis. sslvents lan shee. Ow of Wand Mg one extsk in Hydeated. Form ft a) ein i) Stil wo: Ao, Mga CHA0/BH.0 sual ae @ cor q W and m de eompose on Heating Fur e9) ®© woos of ond mg do not exist fn solid. ® nos of bi and Mg gies oxtdetNO+0, on. Heabing Pare Natl —> Pyeppeeeert oi : U) Small sf © fnomalous Propenties of Be: Gain: ® ae >As_Gompane Jo other AEM — oH of, Be one omphotenie fh fn. nou - (aisha one baste fn nature’) — Be forms predominonl Ly covalent compounds. ORints Pints of Stmflantties 'bekween_ Be and Alt ogy ob ip ® oon of Be and Al ome amphotente. f in nobuns. yn @a of Both Be and Al ane hewts acide. QS shee iad T eth, .fletz} vacant onbttals aneant- (ry Strflor_fonte- qoter| ® th from wee bapa dimen in a foe Oe NG IN ~, Ze oo a Ce Ny @ Be and Al do nol Attacked & aaids eatiy- due +o presence of Protective oxide Soyon, @® Both. Ge ond A have eomplex foomahen tendency. iceman tC OU Oe ae lhRe eee acon ata ect maeana eae VES Oi mice mot aves:0, on weatment with anne M50, 18 ingle elacronin we valence set tain sable 4 now negative electron gain enthalpy vale PP in doen oor et sci hohe ane or wacaes VD PD iircrcti enone coonton corto arenes oh? 1@ reeves smart halogens Bw Rene, ‘resembles bth at metal and halogens. SSmpued otter tom orions Owe tosmatssekesmotecn ies BEB w0,+H,0,—+00,+H,0+0, +28 9H/0, —+h, 02,0 cal aries are on covalent or mater i ature Among UR ah QD. aman orane towing eqn rpc reaocnenanne ar? 1G a 5 waaay saree) a atau sand Fe nat et < ROH
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