Shell Refresher – Petrel 2004

Day 1 – Introduction, Data Management

and Geology

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Contents

Introduction 3

Petrel Introduction and Import – Slides 8

Introduction to Petrel - Exercise 28

Petrel Interface 28
QC of Imported Data 39

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OpenSpirit – Slides 41

Edit Input Data – Slides 63

Editing of Input Data – Exercise 70

Make 2D Surface 70
Edit Surface 71
Surface Calculator 72
Create Isochores 72

Well Correlation – Slides 78

Well Correlation – Exercise 94

Display 94
Using a Template Well 98
Editing and Creating Well Tops 100
Ghost Curves 111
Display fault gaps 113
Panel splitting for Horizontal wells 115

Neural Net – Slides 120

Shell Refresher 2004 Contents • i

 Neural Net - Exercise 124
Theory 124
Neural Nets (I) – Classification 124

Plotting – Slides 127

Plotting – Exercise 136

Making Scaled Maps 136
Making Scaled Intersections 141
Montage Plots 143
Well Section 145

Well Design – Slides 147

Well Design – Exercise 159

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Digitize a new well 159
Tools when designing well trajectories 160
Spreadsheet for wells 162
Digitizing the trajectory on a filtered property 162
Create a vertical Well Intersection 164
Make a side track 165
Dog Leg Severity (DLS) 167
Create synthetic logs 168
Make a well report 169
Exercise – Well Fence 171
Exercise – Well Optimizer 172

Make a Simple 3D Grid – Slides 175

Simple 3D Grid – Exercise 178

Make Simple Grid 178

API – Slides 179

ii • Introduction Shell Refresher 2004

 Introduction

Petrel 2004
Shell Refresher Training Course

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Shell Refresher 2004 Introduction • 3

 Petrel 2004 Refresher Course
Course Content

Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4

„ Introduction „ Fault Modeling „ New Seismic Functionality „ Upscaling to SimGrid

„ Synthetics „ LGR’s
„ Data Import „ Pillar Gridding
„ Ant Tracking „ Simulation Setup
„ Open Spirit „ Make Horizons
„ Other seismic features
„ Edit input data „ Zones & Layers „ Initializing
„ Domain Conversion
„ Geometrical Modeling „ Sim Results View
„ Well Correlation

„ Neural Net „ Upscaling Well Logs

„ Well design „ Property Modeling

„ Plotting „ Make Contacts

„ API Plugins „ Volume Calculation

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„ Process Manager

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Petrel 2004 Refresher Course

Petrel Modules for Shell
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4 • Introduction Shell Refresher 2004

 Petrel 2004 Refresher Course
Petrel Module Dependency Overview Fault Analysis

Utility Systems
Any Core
Well Design

Data Analysis

Domain Conversion Surface Imaging (Satellite Images)

Classification and Estimation

Seismic Sampling
Seismic Interpretation

OpenSpirit Plug-in

Geophysics
Seismic Volume Rendering and Extraction

Multitrace Attributes

Automated Structural Interpretation

Ocean-Petrel API Developers Kit

Geoscience Core

Bricked Seismic Rendering

Data and Resutls Viewer

Well Correlation
Combined Core

Geology
Facies Modeling

Petrophysical Modeling

Advanced Gridding & Upscaling

Engineering
Reservoir
Engineering
Reservoir

FrontSim Locked
Core

History Match Analysis

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Some new modules – Short Description:

UTILITIES
Classification and Estimation
Neural network technology for the estimation of well logs, surfaces, seismic volumes and 3D
property models.
Ocean-Petrel API Developers Kit
The Ocean-Petrel API Developers Kit allows users to create and execute plug-in modules
directly in Petrel. The plug-ins are typically algorithmic workflows that operate directly against
data found within the Petrel Data Explorer, with the results producing new Petrel data objects.

Shell Refresher 2004 Introduction • 5

 Petrel 2004 Refresher Course
Petrel License Dependency Overview
Module Dependency
Geoscience Core
System
Core

Reservoir Engineering Core (NEW)

Data & Results Viewer (NEW) No other modules allowed with this module
Combined Core (NEW) Includes Geoscience AND Reservoir Engineering Core
Seismic Interpretation Geoscience Core
Geophysics

Domain Conversion Geoscience Core

Seismic Sampling Geoscience Core AND Seismic Interpretation
Multitrace Attributes Geoscience Core AND Seismic Interpretation
Automated Structural Interp (NEW) Geoscience Core AND Seismic Interpretation
Seismic Vol. Rend. & Extract Geoscience Core AND Seismic Interpretation
Well Correlation Geoscience Core
Geology

Facies Modeling Geoscience Core

Petrophysical Modeling Geoscience Core
Fault Analysis Geoscience Core OR Reservoir Engineering Core
Engineering
Reservoir

History Match Analysis (NEW) Reservoir Engineering Core

FrontSim Locked Reservoir Engineering Core

Adv Gridding & Upscaling (NEW) Geoscience Core

Data Analysis Geoscience Core OR Reservoir Engineering Core
Surface Imaging Geoscience Core OR Reservoir Engineering Core
Utility

Classification & Estimation (NEW) Geoscience Core OR Reservoir Engineering Core

Well Design Geoscience Core OR Reservoir Engineering Core
Ocean API Developers Kit (NEW)
Bricked Seismic Rendering (NEW)
Party

Geoscience Core AND Seismic Interpretation AND/OR Seismic Vol. Rend. & Extract
3rd

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OpenSpirit Plug-in for Petrel Geoscience Core OR Reservoir Engineering Core

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Petrel 2004 Refresher Course

Module Notes
‰ One Geoscience Core or one Reservoir Engineering Core or one Combined Core is required
‰ An upgrade to the Combined Core can be made from either Geoscience Core or Reservoir
Engineering Core
‰ The Data and Results Viewer is an independent module and requires no core module
‰ The Petrel Ocean API Developers Kit is an independent module and requires no core module
‰ Classification and Estimation requires Well Correlation to estimate log curves, Facies Modeling to
classify 3D facies, Petrophysical Modeling to estimate 3D petrophysical properties, Seismic
Interpretation to estimate seismic volumes
‰ Synthetic Seismograms requires the Seismic Interpretation module to load seismic data and Well
Correlation to view the synthetic seismograms.
‰ Most clients will require Multitrace Attributes for Automated Structural Interpretation
‰ Advanced Gridding & Upscaling replaces previous module Advanced upscaling and Structured
Simulation Gridding and includes a copy of ECLIPSE FloGrid
‰ Reservoir Engineering Core replaces Simulation and Production Data Analysis and includes a copy
of ECLPSE Office, Schedule and FloViz
‰ Bricked Seismic Rendering is a visualization performance enhancement tool. It will enhance inline,
crossline, time-slices and random lines created in the seismic interpretation module. If a client owns
the Volume Rendering and Extraction module they will also see dramatic volume rendering
improvements

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6 • Introduction Shell Refresher 2004

 Petrel 2004 Refresher Course
Available Upgrades for Obsolete Modules

Obsolete Modules - Maintenance Only Upgrades

Advanced Upscaling Upgrade G-Core or RE- Core to Combined Core
Structured Simulation Gridding (SSG) Adv Upscaling to Adv Gridding and Upscaling
Production and Simulation Data Analysis Production and Simulation Data Analysis and G-
Core to Combined Core

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Shell Refresher 2004 Introduction • 7

 Petrel Introduction and Import – Slides

Petrel 2004 Refresher Course

What’s New?

• New user interface

• New / Change in Settings tabs
• Project parameters and New Units System
• New Windows

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• Recap General Intersections
• OpenSpirit
• Import – some new settings
• Wells
• Logs

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8 • Petrel Introduction and Import – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Petrel 2004 Refresher Course
Change in User Interface

Menu bar

Tool bar
Function
bar
First Petrel
Explorer
Window

Second
Petrel Display
Explorer Window
Window

Status bar Object information

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Petrel User Interface

The Petrel User Interface consists of three main windows:
Display window: Where objects are displayed. The objects can be of different types. Any
number of windows can be open at the same time.
First Petrel Explorer window: Contains all the data. Both imported data (input tab), the created
model (Models tab). Templates tab contains predefined templates, while Results tab is a filter for
Simulation and Volumetrics results.
Second Petrel Explore windowr: Contains the Process diagram tab (therefore it is also
referenced to as the “Process Diagram window” sometimes): Shows a list of the available
processes in Petrel in the order they are to be performed. Also a workflow tab and Windows
storage tab is located here.
Tool bar: General tools related to import and visualization.
Menu bar: Windows menus, such as File>Open, Edit>Copy, Edit>Save, Help>Manual.
Function bar: Tools related to the active process in the Process Diagram.
Object Information: When clicking on an object in the Display window, information about it will
appear in the lower right corner.
Status bar: Shows the status of the last performed action.

Shell Refresher 2004 Petrel Introduction and Import – Slides • 9

 Petrel 2004 Refresher Course
Petrel Explorer – New/Updated tabs

Results tab - New

Contains filters for output from
Volumetrics and Simulation runs

Templates tab
Contains predefined and user
defined color templates

Stand alone color table - New

A color template can be locked and
edited for an individual object

New
Updated

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Results tab
The numerical results of volume calculations and simulations are stored in this tab so that they
can be browsed - and any reports can be made.
The tab contains a tree showing dynamic data and history match statistics that you can plot.
These become available when you open a function window.

10 • Petrel Introduction and Import – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Petrel 2004 Refresher Course
Petrel Explorer – Templates tab (some changes)

Stand alone color table - New Units

A color template can be locked The Unit system is fixed in Petrel
and edited for an individual object Project settings, but some
templates can be customized to
different units

Lock Example – Surfaces

A color template for surfaces at
different depths can be locked to
maintain the color at a given
depth (otherwise it will be Unit Example – Volumes
‘refreshed’ according to another Go to STOIIP template, Info tab,
object update check ‘Customize’ and select a unit

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Templates tab
This tab contains all predefined templates in Petrel. Petrel works with templates that are linked
to all objects, not only logs. The templates are catalogued in folders depending on type.
Templates are either viewed as continuous or discrete colors.
A template can be edited both in the Templates tab – or directly from the object where it is used.
However, in the latter case the template will then be changed universally. To avoid this there are
2 options:
1) Copy a template and rename it (Ctrl c+v), or insert a new template
2) Lock the Template; use a stand alone template by toggling on the lock icon in the Info tab
(under Settings of an object). Any changes will only be reflected on that object.

Shell Refresher 2004 Petrel Introduction and Import – Slides • 11

 Petrel 2004 Refresher Course
Process Diagram – All Available Modules New 2004

Geophysics New 2003SE

Seismic Interpretation,
Synthetics, Attributes and
Depth Conversion

Modeling
Correlation, Structural and
Property modeling

Upscaling & Simulation

Up-scaling, Fault Seal,
LGR’s, Streamlines,
ECLIPSE and Schedule
functionality

Utilities and Plugins

Editing tools,

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Volumetrics, API’s etc.

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Petrel 2004 Refresher Course

Cases and Results Tabs – New

Cases tab
Running a volume calculation will create a
Case, which will have an icon in the case
tab and a volume calculation sub
icon. This will then become the filter for
showing the results of the run in the plot
window.

Cases and Results tabs

The design of Cases and Results tab is to
allow the same setup for running
ECLIPSE and Streamline simulation runs,
as for running simple Volumetrics.

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12 • Petrel Introduction and Import – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Petrel 2004 Refresher Course
Workflows and Windows Tabs

Workflows tab
Stores workflows created by
Process Manager for automated
processes and operations.

Contains a set of variables that can

be used in workflows.

A new workflow is inserted from the

Insert menu

Windows tab
Lists each windows and its settings.
Can be saved or deleted.

A new window is inserted from the

Windows menu

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Workflows: Define the workflow setup and store it under this tab. Workflows are related to the
process manager and are initiated from the Insert option in Menu bar

Windows: All windows that are opened from the Windows option in Menu bar are stored here;
they will still remain even if a Window is exited from the Display window (e.g. clicking the X icon).
Use the Windows tab to organize them: delete unimportant windows (otherwise they will pile up),
and rename key windows (i.e. when interpreting seismic data, rename the 2D Window to
Seismic Basemap to distinguish it). The checkboxes in front of each window indicate ‘open’
windows. Lots of open windows may slow down performance and it is recommended you keep
open windows to a minimum. As with all programs using the Windows interface, the active
window can be manipulated using the icons in the upper right corner. Open windows can be
arranged by selecting the appropriate arrangement within the Window drop down menu (tiled
vertically, tiled horizontally, or cascading).
Under each window, icons are stored which are used for visualizing legend, axis, setting
background color, etc. Most of these tools are also found in the Tool bar.
Window set-up is static, but data displayed in it are dynamic (i.e. Changing with your edits…)

Shell Refresher 2004 Petrel Introduction and Import – Slides • 13

 Petrel 2004 Refresher Course
Windows Tabs – Folders (tips)

Create Folders
To control data and easy multi-user project work, folders
and sub-folders should be made

Note
Folders and
subfolders can be
created also for
Wells, 3D
properties, cases
etc.

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Petrel 2004 Refresher Course

Project Settings and Unit System - New

1
1. Project info
Go to Project settings under Project Menu: Type in
the UTM zone, Projection and Datum for the
2
project. This is strictly informational.

Note: When importing data from OpenSpirit, make

sure the Project settings in Petrel match those in the
other data repository.

2. Units
Select a standard Project Unit System from the
drop-down menu (e.g. Metric or Field), or toggle
Customize to set units from a mixed unit system.

Note: There is NO unit conversion inside Petrel; it

has to be done on import.

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14 • Petrel Introduction and Import – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Petrel 2004 Refresher Course
Object Settings – Colors Tab (Templates)
Colors are related to the templates from Templates tab. 1
These can be logs, depth, properties (continuous or
discrete) etc.

1. The Colors tab displays the colors based on the template

selected as the object was imported or generated.

2. The Colors template is linked to the same template in the

Templates tab (A); any edits made here will affect the global
template unless the lock (Info tab) for a specific object is on! (B).

2A

2B

Note: template is locked when the icon is depressed.

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Color templates
Sometimes the color range is tied to a Z-range incompatible with the object. To adjust the color
range to match the Z-range, click on Set by Min and Max (icons with the blue arrows). The
values displayed will change to reflect the Z-range of the selected object. Note that if the
template lock is not on, this edit will affect all other objects displayed using the template.
Depth and thickness templates can now be made in Petrel in the 2004 edition.

Shell Refresher 2004 Petrel Introduction and Import – Slides • 15

 Petrel 2004 Refresher Course
Visualization – Windows

New 2004

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Visualization – Windows

Empty Plot window – 2D window that can be used to display intersections, diagrams, functions,
plots, maps, 2D interpretation etc. Multiple objects can be inserted using viewports (e.g map,
intersection and histograms together). A viewport is a limited rectangular area where data
objects are displayed.

Stereonet window – Plot Dip and Azimuth data.

16 • Petrel Introduction and Import – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Petrel 2004 Refresher Course
Visualization – General Intersection – Tips
The GI plane has Style settings to control visualization of Input and Model data on the GI. Right-click on the
GI and select Settings. Here the color, transparency etc. is controlled from Plane settings tab. However,
some style options are depending on how the GI was created, either from Input tab or Models tab:

Input tab

Models tab

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Data Import
OpenSpirit Setup – New
Listening Not listening

To use OpenSpirit you need a

Server and Client installation.

The OpenSpirit Data Selector can

be launched from the File menu.

OpenSpirit parameters are set

under Project menu in Petrel.
Listen to Data Selection events (lightning bolt) must be
There must be an active active in Petrel before broadcasting data via OpenSpirit
OpenSpirit Session to connect to.

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Shell Refresher 2004 Petrel Introduction and Import – Slides • 17

 OpenSpirit
Petrel 2004 support OpenSpirit v.2.6.3 and higher.
OpenSpirit is a 3rd party application which works as a middle layer between software
applications and various databases and data repositories, allowing Petrel to import and export
data to the database, irrespective of the platform.
To get more info about the many uses of Open Spirit please refer to the OpenSpirit User’s Guide
which can be downloaded at http://www.openspirit.com/documentation.html.

Data Import
OpenSpirit Enhancements

Additional data support

Create 3D Seismic and write back to database
Horizon create; write back of new horizons
Read 2D Seismic
Non-seismic 2D Grids

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Data Management
Display all imported data in one place, write back in one
operation.
Last modify synchronization.
Real Time: Periodic synchronization of data streaming into the
database (e.g. wells)
Unit and Coordinate System information on Session Settings

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18 • Petrel Introduction and Import – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Data Import 1
Import Wells – Well Heads
A Well heads file is an ASCII file defining the well’s top
location (X-Y-Z), name and path length (MD) (well
symbol and Unique Well Identifiers are optional).
3A
1. Create a well heads file using a text editor or Excel
and save as a .txt file. Columns can be space or tab
delimited. Import (on selection) into the Wells folder.
The format is Well heads. 2

2. Check that the column numbers match the Header

info capture at the bottom of the dialog window.

3. Each well can have only one name, specified in the

Well Header. When importing deviation and logs the
name must match. Wells can be identified by UWI or
Name. UWI’s can be loaded (A) and controlled later in 3B
the Well settings tab in the Project settings dialog (B).

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Importing Well Heads

Insert a Well Folder (Insert > New Well).

In the Import Well Heads window, make sure that each of the attributes are attached to the
corresponding column in the file. If the input data needs to be converted into the project units
(e.g. from feet to meters or visa versa), toggle on Convert to project units.

UWIs can also be imported along with the well name using OpenSpirit.

Shell Refresher 2004 Petrel Introduction and Import – Slides • 19

 Data Import
Import Wells – Well Path (Deviation Survey)
1. Import (on selection) into the Wells folder. 4. Select correct survey type and define
columns.
2. Select the correct format.

3. Match the file name to existing well name.

5. Select well type (onshore/offshore)

adjust units if necessary.

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Well Path / Deviation file

If the well is not vertical it is necessary to import the corresponding deviation file. The deviation
file will be attached to the well heads file already imported. Only one well path per well can be
loaded. You can have one deviation survey per file or have deviation surveys for multipl wells in
a single file. Make sure to select the files defining the well paths for one, some, or all of the wells
and select the appropriate format (e.g., Multiple well paths/deviations (ASCII)(*.*)).

Units
Next go to the units tab and make sure the Offshore/onshore flag is set properly. In Petrel all
coordinate values below sea level are negative and coordinate values above sea level are
positive. To make sure the well files are imported correctly, the user has to specify whether the
wells are onshore or offshore. If a well is offshore but the vertical coordinates are positive then
Petrel will multiply them all by -1. If the well is onshore then they will be left as they are.
If the well has most of its vertical well path onshore, then it is an onshore well, even if the
reservoir is below sea level.
If you are uncertain whether the well is onshore or offshore, you should import it as an onshore
well; This option will usually always work. However, do use the offshore option if you know you
are working with offshore wells because this option allows for more checks of the data when
they are imported.

20 • Petrel Introduction and Import – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Data Import
Import Wells – Well Logs (General)
1. Import (on selection) into Wells folder 4. Go to Input data tab and set appropriate
Data type. Also, if the log data was
2. Select data files and the correct format exported from GeoFrame, make sure the
(e.g. ASCII or LAS) ‘From GeoFrame’ toggle is on.

3. Match the file name to the well trace name

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Well Logs
When well logs are imported into Petrel, they will be attached to the existing well path in a
manner similar to the attachment of the well path to the well header.

Select a Well Log file by

Right click on the Wells folder and select Import (on Selection). In the window that pops up
select the files defining the well logs for one, some, or all of the wells and select the appropriate
format (e.g., Well logs (ASCII)(*.*)).
Note there are other formats for Well Logs (Las 3.0 and DLIS)

Associate each set of Well Logs with a Well

When importing logs a window will pop-up and it tries to match the well names well logs being
imported (Ref. Point 3 in the boxes above).

Specifying data type and linking columns to attribute

In the Import Well Logs window, you must select the data type (MD; TVD, DX, DY; TVD, X, Y or
X, Y, Z) and attach the corresponding column to each attribute.
Log data exported from GeoFrame is in reverse depth order (the deepest sample is at the top of
the file) and will not be correctly imported unless the From GeoFrame option is toggled on.

Shell Refresher 2004 Petrel Introduction and Import – Slides • 21

 Data Import
Import Wells – Well Logs (General) – Tips
1. Select Autodetect or Specify 4A
logs to be loaded (best for QC).

2. If the import dialog suggests 1

Create New under Global Well
Log, the log type has not been
imported before and a new
global well log will be created.
2
3. OK FOR ALL: PETREL will try 4B
to find this log configuration for
all the imported log files.

4. The new logs are stored

under Global well logs in the
Wells folder (A). Each well has
the logs that belongs only to that
well in a Well logs folder (B)

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Well Logs

Specifying log type and property templates

There are 2 ways to do this:
1)Select Autodetect – Petrel will attempt to load the well logs attaching the ”best template” it
can find based on the log name. However, it may not always be correct and you may then need
change the template after the log is loaded. Under the Wells > Global well logs folder, open the
Settings dialog for each log and select a new template from the drop-down menu in the Info tab.
2)Specify logs to be loaded – here Petrel will still suggest a template, but you can change then
before importing.
Click OK to accept settings for each well individually (the dialog will open once for each well to
be loaded) or OK for all to accept the settings for all wells (works well when each file contains
the same data but very dangerous for different data set-ups!)
Remember if you don’t attach a property template and Petrel cannot find a match for the log
name, the logs will be attached to the general template. This can be edited after the data are
loaded but it is more convenient to set it up before importing.

22 • Petrel Introduction and Import – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Data Import 1
2
Import Wells – Well Tops

Well Tops are otherwise known as as

picks or markers. They can be 3
imported as Horizons, Faults or Other.

1- Insert a Well Tops folder.

2- Right click on the Well Tops

folder and select Import (on
selection).
4
3- Select the files to import and the
correct format.

4- Check the units and attributes

and change if necessary. Click
OK for All.

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Well Tops
Well tops are, as wells, imported into a folder defined by Petrel. And the first step in the
importing process is to insert a Well Tops folder.
Import the well tops into the Well Tops folder by right-clicking and selecting Import (on
Selection).
Select the file, and the file type. The file type (format) must be a Petrel format, and it can be one
of two types:
A) Petrel Well Tops (ASCII):
B) Petrel Well Tops (Binary):
With the Petrel Well Tops (ASCII) format it is possible to also bring in attributes, such as
interpreter's name, pick name, and any other type of data that can be imported as text (type
String) or value (type Real). It also allows you to do your own interpretation within Petrel and
export the information together with the well tops. In order to allow for these possibilities, a
header has been added. This header can be modified to fit your data.
If the well tops are not linked to a well, “Connect to well Trace” will be active (this is if the well
name is not given in the imported Well tops file).
If fault picks (Well cuts) are being imported, substitute “Surface” with “Faults” in the import file.
If you need to re-import tops, first delete the tops from the Stratigraphy folder under Well Tops
(to replace all the tops delete the entire Well Tops folder) before re-importing them. If you don’t
duplicate tops will be added.

Shell Refresher 2004 Petrel Introduction and Import – Slides • 23

 Data Import
Import Wells – Well Tops Spreadsheet
1
1. The well tops are sorted by: Attribute, Stratigraphy
(+ Faults and Others) and by Wells.

2. Right-click on the Well Tops folder and select Spreadsheet.

This will list all well tops and their attributes

3. After import, additional well tops or well cuts can be added by

appending a new row in the Spreadsheet and pasting in the
rows from an Excel file (Ctrl+C/V)

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Attributes
All the well tops attributes (depth, time, etc) are listed here, only one can be displayed at a time.
Stratigraphy
All the horizon picks are listed here, you can display as many as you want.
Faults
If properly formatted on import (see previous slide), all the fault cuts will be listed here. You can
display as many as you want.
Others
All picks which are not tops or faults are listed here.
Well Filter
Allows you to limit the wells in which the well tops are displayed.
Well Tops Spreadsheet
The Spreadsheet shows a display of all the well tops with all the corresponding details, such as
X, Y, Z, etc. Data in white columns can be edited; gray columns cannot be edited.
The Spreadsheet is compatible with Excel. You can select data in the Spreadsheet and copy
them using the copy icon (called ’copy the selected rows and columns to the clipboard’), found to
the far right of the icons to the top left. Once it is copied to the clipboard, you can open Excel
and paste it into a spreadsheet.
You can also import well tops in an Excel spreadsheet into Petrel. Sort the columns in the
order shown in the Spreadsheet above. Copy the rows and paste them into the Spreadsheet by
pressing Ctrl+V. You can also Import as points by using the general ASCII reader and convert to
well tops inside Petrel.

24 • Petrel Introduction and Import – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Data Import
Import Wells – Bitmap Logs
• Bitmaps of scanned logs, core photos or any 3. Display the Bitmap in a Well Section window
relevant information can be imported
• The logs can also be in .jpg or .tiff formats.

1. Right click on the well and select “Import on

selection”. Select the file and correct format
(Bitmap Log).

2. Be sure the file names correspond with the

proper well logs and set the start and stop MD.

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Bitmaps of scanned logs, core photos or any relevant information can be imported and tied to
specific MD values along the well path for display purposes. Once imported, images can be
moved and specific points on the bitmap can be tied to specific points on the well using control
points. Between these points Petrel will ensure that there are a constant number of pixels per
unit distance along the well in MD.

Shell Refresher 2004 Petrel Introduction and Import – Slides • 25

 Data Import
Organization of Well Data (Tips)
1B
When there are many well it is a good idea to 1C
organize them in sub-folders. This can be done in
two ways:

1. Manually (drag & drop): Right click on the

Wells folder and select Insert Folder. Rename 1A
the folder (A) and drag-drop the desired wells
into it (B). Use relevant names, e.g by
Platform name (B) or by Type of wells (C). 2A

2. By Polygons: Draw a polygon from Make/edit

polygons process (A). Change the Line type
from Other to Boundary polygon and 2B
rename (info tab). Right-click the polygon and
select Move wells inside this. All wells in
that area inside the polygon will be placed in
a new folder (B)

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Organize Well Data

Initially all well bores are organized under the Wells folder. Logs are organized in two ways.
1 – Under Global well logs there is a single entry for each log type. Here you can modify
parameters for the log type (e.g. Gamma).
2 – Under each individual well you will see all the logs for that particular well listed. Not all logs
may be found for each well.
You can create sub-folders to organized individual wells; you cannot create sub-folders under
the Global well log folder.

26 • Petrel Introduction and Import – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Data Export
Export Options 1
Most data can be exported. There is a very easy
way to export objects/folder:

1. Right-click on the object/folder and select Export.

2. In the export dialog box, Petrel will list ONLY the

3
available options for export; look at the Save as type
drop down menu and select a format. 2
3. Type in the name of the file and click Save.

There are different options for special data types,

for example Wells. 4 Note:
ECLIPSE/VIP
4. Right-click on the Wells folder; selecting Export will Well Completion
export the well heads. data (‘I-J-K
wells’) must be
5- Further down are options to export logs (‘All Logs’) exported from
and deviation surveys (‘All Wells’). the 3D Grid in
Models tab

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5
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Exporting data
If there isn’t any Export option when you right-click on an object, then it is not possible to export
the object from the position where you are at. For instance if you want to export all your
surfaces, you will see the only option to export them is as an Irap Classic Layer (binary) file. But
if you try to export one single surface, you have more options.
If you want to see which export formats that are available for a specific object, you can simply
select the Export function on the right mouse-button menu and check the available formats.
Some available Export Formats:
RMS – well trajectories and logs
Irap Classic – lines, 2D grids (ASCII, binary), points, layer models
ZMAP Plus – lines, 2D grids (individually)
CPS-3 – lines, 2D grids (individually)
Earth Vision – 2D grids (individually)
Eclipse – 3D grid (ASCII, binary), properties, well completion data, well connection data, fault
data
VIP – 3D grid, properties, well connection data
CMG – 3D grid, properties
Petrel – well tops, well data, fault model, summary data, project data files (binary)
Rescue – ASCII
Other ASCII data – LAS 2.0 well, deviation surveys, well design XYZ, function XY, Gslib
properties, PetroWorks SM1 well format
Data can also be exported using OpenSpirit directly into other data stores.

Shell Refresher 2004 Petrel Introduction and Import – Slides • 27

 Introduction to Petrel - Exercise

Petrel Interface
The Petrel program window is separated into three main window areas. These are the First
Petrel Explorer in the top left corner, Second Petrel Explorer in the bottom left corner, and
Display window and Function bar on the right side. The available tools in the function bar
depend on the selected process. At the top of the Petrel Program window is a standard Menu
bar and Tool bar.

First Petrel Explorer: Contains all the data, sorted in different tabs. All data that are not linked

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to any 3D grid will be stored under the Input tab. Examples are wells and well tops, interpreted
lines, polygons, functions, well sections, 2D grids and more. All data linked to a 3D grid will be
stored together with the 3D grid information under the Models tab. Examples are generated
faults, gridded horizons, 3D properties, zones, etc.

Second Petrel Explorer: The Process Diagram tab contains a list of all available processes in
Petrel. They are sorted in the order they should be used, and the first processes will have to be
executed before you get access to processes down the list. Example: You must create a 3D grid
before you can insert horizons into it. You can also create zones before you can insert layers
into. Processes that are grayed out indicate that you will need to complete the previously listed
process first.

Menu Bar / Tool Bar / Function Bar

Like most PC software, the menu bar has the standard File, Edit, View, etc. pull-down menus as
well as some standard tools for open new project, save project, and more, found in the tool bar
just below the menu bar. In Petrel the tool bar also contains display tools. In addition there are
icons in a second tool bar, to the right in the Petrel project window, with additional Petrel related
functionality. The latter tool bar is called the Function bar, and the tools available depend on
which process has been selected in the Process Diagram.

Exercise Steps
1. Start the Petrel 2004.
2. Open the Gullfaks project Day1_Shell_Intro.pet file from the Projects folder.
3. Do a File > Save As

28 • Introduction to Petrel - Exercise Shell Refresher 2004

 Petrel Explorer (Templates tab)
Shows a listing of all available templates (all object have a color template attached to it) in Petrel
Templates can also be created or copied.

Exercise Steps
1. Click on the Templates tab.
2. Open the Settings window for a template under the Petrophysical templates, Seismic color
tables and Discrete property templates folders. Go to their respective Colors tab and
compare:

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3. Right-click on Discrete Well log templates and select Insert new Property template; will be
listed as a general untitled template at the bottom of the folder. Double-click on it to define
Settings (name, color etc.)

Note: Each object in Petrel is linked to one of these templates. This is also a way to make it
easier for Petrel to list filtered objects or to pick correct grids for specific processes. By going to
Info tab under Settings for an object you will find the template – and change it.
4. Go to Depth/Thickness Table and insert a new template by right-clicking on the main folder:
”Insert predefined property template”. Select ‘Elevation Time’ as the template, go to
settings, Info tab and explore the possibilities for Measurement and Customize Unit.

Shell Refresher 2004 Introduction to Petrel - Exercise • 29

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Lock ‘local’ template
A template can be locked on an object, so it can be changed locally without affecting the original
global template.

Exercise Steps
1. Double-click on a surface object. Go to info tab and press the lock icon.
2. Press Apply to store the change. To do local edits, do not pop up the global template from
the icon next to the chosen template, but go to the Colors tab and do changes locally from
there.

Display Window
The display window is where all graphic activity takes place. A variety of windows can be
displayed in this area, examples are 3D and 2D windows, Well Section window (for well
correlation), Interpretation window (for seismic interpretation), Map/Intersection windows (for
plotting), and more.

Exercise Steps
1. Click on Window menu in the top tool bar. A list of available display window types is
displayed at the top of the list.
2. At the bottom of the list are the currently active display windows. Once you exit a window it
will disappear from this list.

30 • Introduction to Petrel - Exercise Shell Refresher 2004

 3. Now go to the Windows tab in Second Petrel Explorer. You will see that the Window that
was first opened and then exited is still stored in the Windows tab. This gives you the
freedom to rename it and store it as an active window – or simply delete it also from here.

Object settings – Style and Info tabs

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The Statistics tab is a read-only option mainly used for QC. To change some physical attributes,
you need to go to the Style and Info tabs of the object.

Exercise Steps
1. Under the Input tab of the First Petrel Explorer, select one of the surfaces in the Surface
folder and go to its Settings dialog (right-click on the file and select Settings).
2. Go to the Style tab and look at the options (toggle on contours lines, color fill on solid and
Grid lines).
3. Now go to the Info tab and type in another name for the object, click Apply and see the
change in the Input tab.
4. There is also a list of available templates from a drop-down menu.

Shell Refresher 2004 Introduction to Petrel - Exercise • 31

 Defining a Cross Section (General Intersection)
A general intersection is a plane cutting through the data in a display. Data can be displayed on
this plane and the plane can be used to restrict the display of data in the view on one side or the
other of the plane. Use the Exercise Steps below as a reference throughout this course when
you need to generate a General Intersection.

Exercise Steps
1. De-select all your data and display only the Top Tarbert surface in the 3D Window.
2. Right-click on the folder containing the surfaces and select Insert General Intersection. A
plane will be inserted running north-south through your model, displayed in the 3D Window.
An entry on the input tab will be made under the Surfaces folder.
3. You can change the color and the transparency of the plane by entering the settings for it
(right-click and select Settings). Choose Style tab>Input settings tab.
4. There is a 'player' associated with this plane, found in the bottom of the Petrel window
whenever the general intersection is being displayed.

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a. The blue box , Toggle Visualization on Plane, is the 'magic' button that must
be active (depressed) when defining what to be displayed on the plane itself (not
in 3D). When this button is depressed, many of the previous white toggle boxes in
the Input tab turn blue. These data can now be posted ON the active General
Intersection.
b. Then there are 6 icons used for playing through the model with a given
increment. The increment is in 'project units' (i.e. the units specified to be the
units for the current project, either feet or meters, defined under Project Settings
> Info)
c. There are four icons for aligning the plane in the vertical or horizontal direction.
d. The scissors are used to clip the displayed items either in front of the plane or
behind the plane
e. The three 'snappers' can be used to position the plane into a wanted position
5. Orienting the Plane: Use the Align East to West or the Align Plane Vertically
tool.

6. Select the Manipulate Plane icon from the Function Bar, click on the plane and drag
the plane along the axis.
a. To move the plane in any direction, hold the Ctrl-key at the same time as you are
moving the plane. Note that the axis of rotation is positioned depending on where
you point at the plane when you start the movement.
b. The movement might be easier if you constrain the plane to be vertical, you can
do that by selecting the Align Plane Vertically tool. If you have toggled on

32 • Introduction to Petrel - Exercise Shell Refresher 2004

 either 'Align North-South' or 'Align East-West' then you will not be able to move
the plane in any other direction.
7. Clip in front of the plane by pressing Clip in front of Plane tool.
8. Displaying data on the plane:
a. Depress the Blue Button on the Player bar.
b. Toggle on the blue box in front of all the surfaces: Base Cretaceous, Top Tarbert,
Top Ness and Top Etive.
c. To change the line thickness of the displayed surfaces on the plane, go to the
Settings window for the general intersection by double clicking on it and change
the surface width under the Input Settings tab. Click Apply or Ok.

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d. Note that there is a Ghost limit option under the Input Settings tab: This is used
for instance when displaying interpreted lines from seismic on a plane. Since the
interpreted lines may not coincide with the general intersection plane, a ghost
limit can be specified to show an area around the plane. The same applies for
wells.
9. Drag the plane through the model (remember that you need to have the Manipulate Plane
icon active to move it). You can also play through the model by using the player option to
the lower left (Step plane forwards/backwards, Play plane forwards/backwards, Stop).
10. Snapping the plane to a desired position: Click on the Snap Intersection Plane to 2 Points
tool located in the ‘player’ at the bottom of the Petrel screen and click on two points on
the Top Tarbert surface to snap the plane through these two points.

Defining a Vertical Well Section

A vertical section can be generated through any well path or along a user-defined polygon (line).

Shell Refresher 2004 Introduction to Petrel - Exercise • 33

 Exercise Steps
1. Right-click on one of the wells and select ‘Create Vertical Well Intersection’
2. The Well Intersection plane is stored in the Wells folder (see below).

3. Use the blue button in the lower left corner to display items on the well intersection,
as described in the section above; Toggle on the blue button, several items in the Petrel
Explorer turn blue, any blue item can be displayed on the well intersection.

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Exercise Steps

Importing Wells
1. Importing Well Header:
a. Right-click on the Wells folder and select Import (on Selection). Alternatively you
can highlight the Wells name and click the Import (on selection) icon in the
Tool bar.
b. Browse for the Input Data folder under Petrel Class
c. In the Wells folder select the Wellheader file, and the correct format [Well heads
(*.*)]. Press Open.
d. In the Import Well Heads window, attach each Attribute to the correct column as
seen in the file in the bottom of the window.

34 • Introduction to Petrel - Exercise Shell Refresher 2004

 e. Press OK.

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f. Display the Wells in the 3D display window. Change the Well path thickness by
double-clicking on Wells folder to open the settings dialog. On the Style tab under
Path, increase the Pipe Width to 30.

2. Importing Well Deviations

a. Right-click on the Wells folder and select Import (on Selection).
b. Select the deviation files to import. You can use wildcards (e.g. *) in the Import
File window in the File Name field. For example, typing in *.dev and hitting Enter
or clicking the Open button will list all files with an extension of .dev. To select
multiple files, select the first file, hold the shift key and then select the last file (or
use Ctrl+A). Use the Ctrl key to selectively pick files.
c. Select the correct format (Well path/deviation (ASCII) (*.*)). There are two
options, Well path/deviation (ASCII) (*.*) or Multiple well path/deviation (ASCII)
(*.*). Use the first format when each well has a separate deviation survey (as in
this exercise) and the second when all the deviation surveys are in one file.
d. Press Open.
e. In the window that opens, make sure the deviation surveys and well headers,
already imported into Petrel match. To select a well header, click with the left
mouse button in the Well Trace column and select the correct one. Click OK
when done.

Shell Refresher 2004 Introduction to Petrel - Exercise • 35

 f. In the Import Well Path/Deviation window go to the Input Data tab. Select Input
data type (any of the options available can be used since all options are available
in the file). Depending on the chosen method, attach the attributes to the
corresponding columns in the file. Look at the file capture at the bottom of the
dialog to match columns.
g. In the Import Well Path/Deviation window, go to the Units tab. Make sure in the
Onshore/offshore section that the Offshore selection is toggled on. This ensures
the correct elevation units are set up. If the well has most of its vertical path

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onshore, then it is an onshore well, even if the reservoir is below sea level. Also
on this tab you can indicate if the deviation survey units are different than those
used to store the wells in Petrel. This is not normally the case.

h. Press OK For All.

i. Look in the 3D window in which the wells are displayed. You will note that they
are now deviated. You can view the deviation surveys by right clicking on a well
and selecting Spreadsheet.

3. Importing Well Logs

a. Right-click on the Wells folder and select Import (on Selection).
b. Under the Wells folder, select all the .las files (in a similar manner that you
selected the .dev files), select the correct file format (Well logs (ASCII)(*.*)) and
press Open. This format is LAS 2.0.
c. In the window that opens, make sure the well names for the log curve files and
well headers, already imported into Petrel match. Click OK to continue.

36 • Introduction to Petrel - Exercise Shell Refresher 2004

 d. The Import Well logs window will open, go to the Input Data tab. By default,
Autodetect logs is turned on indicating Petrel will attempt to match the log type
being imported with an appropriate log template. If you turn off autodetect logs,
you can then directly select the correct template to associate with the imported
log. For the exercise you will Specify logs to be loaded, as it gives you more
control and less to worry about after import.

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e. Press OK For All.
f. In the Petrel Explorer, expand the Global Well logs and review the results
of the log import. Each template is now shown in front of the new Global
well log names (as shown in figure below).

g. Add one or two well logs to the 3D window. Toggle on the yellow box to the left of
the log’s name in the Global Well Logs folder. Note that the well logs show up for
all wells.
h. Add a specific well log for just one well. Expand a well’s folder in the Petrel
Explorer, expand Well Logs and then toggle on one of the available logs.

Shell Refresher 2004 Introduction to Petrel - Exercise • 37

 Importing bitmap logs
All bitmaps used in this exercise are with the courtesy of Maurel and Proms.

1. Import the image well from Petrel class/Input data/other data/image well. The well is in the
format Petrel format (binary)(*.dat). Press Open.
2. Select Elevation Depth as template and press OK.

3. Right-click on the image well and select Import (on selection), like import for previous well
logs.

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4. Select the format first to be able to see the .jpg files. The format is Bitmap Log
(BMP,JPG….)
5. Select jpg file FMI_Bitlog1.jpg (Petrel class/Input data/other data/) and push Ok. Make
sure Start MD and Stop MD is correct (in this exercise use the default)

6. Select jpg file Core_Bitlog2.jpg (Petrel class/Input data/other data/) and push Ok.
7. Create a new well section from Window option in the Menu bar. Toggle on the image well
and the bitmap logs.
8. Try inserting and editing control points by activating the Create/edit control points icon

from the Function bar to the right.

38 • Introduction to Petrel - Exercise Shell Refresher 2004

 Importing Well Tops:

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1. Right-click on the Well Tops folder and select Import (on Selection)
2. Select the Well Tops file from the Well Tops folder, and select the correct format (Petrel
Well Tops (ASCII)(*.*)). Press Open,
3. Press OK for All on the Import Petrel Well Tops window that opens.
4. Press Ok on the message window that appears (Petrel will use Measured Depth (MD) to
position the Well tops).
5. Add Well Tops to the 3D display by toggling on the white box next to the Well Tops 1
folder. Display settings can be changed in the Style tab of the settings dialog for Well Tops
1.
Note: By going to attributes you may change the displayed attributes /surface name, depth etc.)
next to the well top in 3D. However if you display TWT, it will only display the TWT in time, but
not physically switch the position of the Well tops to time. This can only be done by right-clicking
on the TWT attribute, then select Use as visual vertical position. Also it is a requirement that
TWT (Auto/picked) have values.

QC of Imported Data
After data has been imported into Petrel you should always do a quality control and check if they
look like you expected them to do. Typical ways of QC data are to display them and also to
check the Statistics tab. Using the General Intersection to view the data in cross section and
playing through the data set is a powerful tool as well.

Checking the Statistics and visualize objects to QC

1. Open the Settings window for the ‘3D Seismic Lines (Time)’.
Shell Refresher 2004 Introduction to Petrel - Exercise • 39
 2. Select the Statistic tab and check the statistics. Note the data range, and that depth and
time values below mean sea level are negative. Also note that the Max Z-value is -100 m.

3. Depress the Axis icon also to see the X-Y-Z coordinates in 3D space. This is
a new feature for ease of visualizing in 3D.

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40 • Introduction to Petrel - Exercise Shell Refresher 2004

 OpenSpirit – Slides

OpenSpirit
Overview

• What is OpenSpirit – Why use it?

• OpenSpirit in Petrel
• ProjectSets and Sessions
• How to use OpenSpirit in Petrel
• DataSelector in OpenSpirit

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• Import/export
• Synchronization

1 © 2004 Schlumberger Information Solutions. All rights reserved.

Shell Refresher 2004 OpenSpirit – Slides • 41

 OpenSpirit
What is OpenSpirit

• OpenSpirit is a vendor-neutral,
platform-independent application
framework.

• It allows software vendors to develop

applications that work with data
management solutions, including
GeoQuest's GeoFrame and Landmark's
OpenWorks.

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OpenSpirit is a 3rd party application which works between software applications and various
databases. This allows Petrel to import and export data to the database, irrespective of the
platform.

In OpenSpirit terminology data is stored in a data store. A data store can be files, databases etc.
containing your data. OpenSpirit needs a data server to read the data from a data store. For
each unique type of data store, OpenSpirit needs a unique data server.

42 • OpenSpirit – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 OpenSpirit
OpenSpirit in Petrel 2004
Create one or more OpenSpirit sessions and start using OpenSpirit with Petrel. Petrel
can be set up to listen for selection events broadcast by the user within the current
session. These will then trigger the import of the selected object(s). Selection events
can be triggered by any OpenSpirit enabled applications such as the data selector or
the 3D viewer. If you have the ArcView plug-in for OpenSpirit you may use this to select
and broadcast selection events. The process works for:

• Wells (Well logs, Well tops, Checkshots)

• 3D Seismic and 2D Seismic
• Horizon interpretations and Fault Interpretations
• ArcGIS points, polylines and polygons

Import of wells, logs, tops and interpretation will create new data objects in Petrel. 3D
seismic, on the other hand, remains in the datastore until it is realized into Petrel format.

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OpenSpirit
How to Install, Configure and Run OpenSpirit

ProjectSets
• Work with an existing ProjectSet (Edit) or…
• Create a new ProjectSet (Create)

4 © 2004 Schlumberger Information Solutions. All rights reserved.

Shell Refresher 2004 OpenSpirit – Slides • 43

 ProjectSet
A ProjectSet defines the scope of data available to applications in a given OpenSpirit session.
You have to create a ProjectSet or else there will be no data for Petrel to access. Click in the
ProjectSet tab in the Session Manager. Click Create to create a ProjectSet. This will open a
Create ProjectSet dialog. Here you can add (becomes green) and remove projects to your
ProjectSet by selecting them and clicking the arrow buttons.

OpenSpirit
How to Install, Configure and Run OpenSpirit

ProjectSets
• Select projects in ProjectSet
• Set Units and Coord System

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1) Select projects fro the OpenWorks or GeoFrame data base and use the Arrow to put them
into the ProjectSet Contents field
2) Select Units (e.g SI or Imperial)
3) Select the coordinate system; from either of the project sets. This may prompt a “Set
Password for Projects” dialog window, enter the password and click OK.
Select the appropriate coordinate system by toggling in front of the project.

44 • OpenSpirit – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 OpenSpirit
How to Install, Configure and Run OpenSpirit

Sessions
• Work with an existing Session or…Create a new Session
• Select a ProjectSet; that you have already made
• Select Units and Coordinates (set already in the ProjectSet; use these)

Note:
Need to specify
“Interpreter” for
OpenWorks

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To create a session you click the Create button under the Sessions tab.
You give your session a name and description and then click the Select button to select
ProjectSet that you have made.

You may also need to specify passwords and interpreters for the individual projects:
The button that was labeled Select will change to Project password. Enter passwords for all
GeoFrame and Finder projects.

1) If a Finder project is included, an account name will also have to be entered.

2) If your ProjectSet includes any OpenWorks projects then you also need to set the interpreter
for the session. Setting the Interpreter ensures the proper identification and storage of newly
created objects back into the OpenWorks project data store.

Shell Refresher 2004 OpenSpirit – Slides • 45

 OpenSpirit
How to Use OpenSpirit in Petrel 2004

Broadcasting – establishing the link:

• Data in Petrel can be set up to listen for selection events
broadcasted by the user within the current session.
• Selection events can be triggered by any OpenSpirit enabled
applications such as the Data Selector or the 3D viewer.

Connect to a Session
• Once a Session is set in OSP,
go to Petrel OSP settings in
Petrel Project menu

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Session Info tab

When you have created one or more OpenSpirit sessions you can start using OpenSpirit with
Petrel.

1) Select the Connect to current Session by toggling the option and selecting a session from the
drop-down menu
Well data are treated the same way as the other data.
2) The coordinate system and Unit System set in the OSP ProjectSet will be loaded
automatically.
3) Make sure to set the OpenSpirit units and coordinates system the same as the Petrel
project settings. All data imported to Petrel via OSP will be coordinate converted to this
coordinate system.

46 • OpenSpirit – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 OpenSpirit
Browse – Select – Broadcast

Make sure Petrel is ready

• Access the OpenSpirit Settings in Petrel from the Tool menu
• Make sure the Listen to Data Selection Events is active in Petrel
• Once the Lightning bolt in the OSP icon is active Petrel is ready to ‘listen
to’ or copy over data from OSP

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First make sure that the OpenSpirit Selection Events is active, if not go to OpenSpirit settings
under Project in the Petrel Menu bar to activate it. “Listen to Data Selection Events when
working with the DataSelector.
The DataSelector can be activated from the File menu in Petrel or directly from the Tool menu in
OpenSpirit Launcher.

Shell Refresher 2004 OpenSpirit – Slides • 47

 OpenSpirit
How to Use OpenSpirit in Petrel 2004

Petrel Project settings – Coordinates and Units

Important to set and check

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Make sure to set the OpenSpirit units and coordinates system the same as the Petrel project
settings.
Note that the Unit System is default; if you need to use ft for X,Y, Z but s instead of ms for time –
then toggle the Customize option to change.

48 • OpenSpirit – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 OpenSpirit
Browse – Select – Broadcast
Browse, select and broadcast identified objects in a ProjectSet
Two main options available: TabSelector and DataSelector

Note: DataSelector is the preferred option,

but you can still use the TabSelector in
Petrel, but it cannot be launched from
Petrel – go to OSP Launcher, Tool Menu

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Once the OpenSpirit settings are set from the Project menu in Petrel, Petrel is now ready to
“listen” to the data that can be sent via OpenSpirit. To send the data you have to go through a
browser dialog that presents the data you can select from a session in tabular format. The main
two ways of doing this is through the Tab Selector or the Data selector. DataSelector is found
under the file menu in Petrel. BothSelectors are however found by activating the tools menu in
the OpenSpirit Launcher. More tools are found in this option (e.g the 3D Viewer).

These utilities presents a summary of key attributes of the different objects in an OpenSpirit
ProjectSet. In addition to browsing data in a ProjectSet, it also allows a user to select and
broadcast the identity of the selected data objects.

Shell Refresher 2004 OpenSpirit – Slides • 49

 OpenSpirit
Browse – Select – Broadcast

DataSelector – send selection events

• Once data objects are selected in the DataSelector dialog window, the selection
events can be sent.
• Send events by toggling on the “loudspeaker” for selected objects from one
tab or the “loudspeakers” for selection events from several tabs.
• Data can be sent from the Wells, Seismic or Interpretation selection in the OSP
Launcher

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Within the OpenSpirit settings the user can import interpretations as Petrel interpretations or
surfaces/polygons. Attribute grids for any imported horizon interpretation will be imported as
separate grids in Petrel but can be draped over the horizon surface in Petrel.

Seismic data (2D and 3D) will be imported as a live link to the database. To store the data
locally for access when not connected through OpenSpirit, the volume (or a cropped subsection
of the volume) must be realized.

50 • OpenSpirit – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 OpenSpirit
Import

Data selector (preferred) - General

• Is a data selection tool for wells and associated logs, picks etc., but also seismic 2D and
3D data and seismic interpretations
• Can build queries.
• ‘Listen to Data Selection Events’ must be chosen in in Petrel
• Higher performance - has replaced TabSelector for all data types.

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The DataSelector is a data selection and query utility that presents a tabular summary of
selected attributes associated with the data types that are supported by the OpenSpirit
Framework. The DataSelector can be used to query for specific information from different
datastores. It works in much the same way as the Tab Selector, but only for wells, and adds
additional freedom by making queries.

The Data Selection event type is much faster to send and receive when working with large
amounts of data. It contains only the reference to OpenSpirit objects and therefore is much
faster because no OpenSpirit objects must be created. Make sure to toggle on “Listen to Data
Selection events” in the Well Data tab under OpenSpirit settings in the Petrel Project menu.

Note: The Data Selector uses new technology to increase performance. This tool will eventually
replace the TabSelector when all data types are supported.
With the OSP 2.6 version the DataSelector (in vers.2.6 called DataSelector Plus) has been
upgraded with CopySync(see OS helpfile for specifics).
In the OSP 2.7.0 and 2.7.2 the DataSelector Plus name is back.

Shell Refresher 2004 OpenSpirit – Slides • 51

 OpenSpirit
Import

Data Selector – Well selection

• Select Project and associated well info - Go to each tab to select appropriate data in
DataSelector
• Send data to Petrel with broadcast tools

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The Well tabs are ordered in such a way as to provide easy navigation for using this type of
data selection.

The Well tab parent is the Project tab. The Well Bore tab parent is the Well Bore List tab. The
parent tab for the Well Pick, Log, Velocity, and Drilling Target tabs is the Well Bore tab (only
data related to the ‘parent’ well bores initially chosen are available for selection in the ‘child’
tabs).
Once data is selected from the different tabs, send the data to Petrel by using one of the two
Broadcasting icons in the tool menu bar. View the broadcasted data in the Input tab of the Petrel
explorer (remember to make sure the OpenSpirit Selection Events is active in Petrel Tools menu
bar (lightning bolt is on).

The Well tab will display all the wells contained in the projects selected in the Project tab. When
you select the Well tab you will see all of the wells from the selected projects. The well attributes
that are displayed are default attributes. You can choose other attributes by selecting from the
Tool Bar or the View Menu.

Note: The ‘Common Name’ in OSP Wells will be the well name in Petrel.

52 • OpenSpirit – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 OpenSpirit
Import
Data Selector – Well selection and sending (broadcasting)
• View selected events in Petrel (selection events lightning bolt must be on)

Note: The ‘Common

Name’ in OSP Wells will
be the well name in Petrel.

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Petrel Explorer Input tab

Once the Broadcasting is pressed in the OSP Launcher, data should appear in the Petrel
Explorer Input tab.
QC the data once in Petrel. Check units, coordinates and general 3D visualization against e.g.
previously imported data.

Shell Refresher 2004 OpenSpirit – Slides • 53

 OpenSpirit
Import / Export Wells and Interpretation
Edit well tops in Petrel
• Make a copy of the well tops folder once it is imported in Petrel
• Make edits on the copied well tops folder (e.g in Well Section)
• Copy to Excel sheets (original AND edited tops)

Edit fault and horizon interpretation in Petrel

Note
• Make sure faults are Fault interpretations in Petrel and Horizons are
Attributes are
stored in Interpretation folders.
treated separately
• Below are shown the type of folders automatically created in Petrel on
OpenSpirit import.

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Well Tops:
1) Once well/well tops are imported make sure to make a copy of the well tops folder (ctrl-c/ctrl-
v) and rename it by going to info tab in settings of the object.
Make a rule out of renaming also the imported as original (untouched) data.
2) Once the data are edited, quality checked and approved to be sent back via OpenSpirit
datastore to the database, make a final renaming of the well tops folder to be exported (include
date). Write in the Comments under settings for the object which updates have been done)

Interpretations:
If new data is made (e.g fault interpretations) make sure they are interpretations when ready to
export.
Faults sticks created in Petrel can be exported back, but not new horizon interpretations (only
the ones imported trough OS)
You cannot export back surfaces or polygon/lines.

54 • OpenSpirit – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 OpenSpirit
Import / Export 2D and 3D Seismic
3D Seismic and 2D
• Will be imported directly into the Explorer Input tab in a
Survey folder
• The data can be worked on without Realization (saving
physically in a Petrel .dat folder)
• The SEGY settings cannot be accessed in Petrel when
seismic data is imported via OSP

Note If working on a project where

seismic was imported with OSP, and
not realized, the data can only be
viewed but not worked on if there is
no OSP license module – Check
license configuration

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Note:
Seismic Data need to be Realized in Petrel to be able to work on the data after a project has
been saved and re-opened by a person with no OSP license module in Petrel.

Shell Refresher 2004 OpenSpirit – Slides • 55

 OpenSpirit
Petrel Settings before Export

Well tab
• Select Project that new data should be associated with
• Set Pick type correctly

Interpretation tab
• It is the Survey that contains the correct coordinate system
information that will be used for the new interpretation.
• The EarthModel is associated with a vendor datastore

Seismic tab
• It is the Survey that contains the correct coordinate system
information that will be used for the new seismic.
• If no survey exist – Create a new one

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OpenSpirit settings in Petrel

Go to OpenSpirit settings under Project menu in the Petrel tool bar. Choose the Well data tab.
1)Select the correct Project, so that new data know which project to be associated with.
3) When creating new well top data in OpenSpirit from Petrel, OpenSpirit well pick type mapping
must be specified - depending on the type of well tops data you have.
Remember that in Petrel there is Stratigraphy, Faults and Others. When these data should be
exported back they have to have to follow this naming convention (according to your datastore)
to be recognized by the datastore: E.g. Horizons (stratigraphy) = “Strat_Marker”, Other =
“Fluid_Marker” or “Other” and Faults = “Fault”.

OpenSpirit settings – Interpretation tab

Go to the Interpretation tab and choose correct survey. It is the survey that contains the correct
coordinate system information that will be used for the new interpretation. It is required that the
survey has the x-y coordinates for the new interpretation.
You need to set which OpenSpirit EarthModel the new interpretation (faults) should go into. The
EarthModel is associated with a vendor datastore (e.g OpenWorks / GeoFrame).

56 • OpenSpirit – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 OpenSpirit
Export Process from Petrel

Export well data from Petrel

• Wells can be exported all at once (Wells folder) or one by one.
• Well tops are exported only as Well tops folder (not one by one).

OpenSpirit DataSelector - wells

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Well Export
Once you export back data they will be written back to the datastore automatically. Remember
that new e.g. well tops will be written back, while normally only edited value data will be updated
on old objects (not renamed if done so in Petrel).

Shell Refresher 2004 OpenSpirit – Slides • 57

 OpenSpirit
Export Process from Petrel
Write-back of horizons and faults from Petrel
• This is now supported except for horizons not initially imported through
OpenSpirit.

Export interpretation data from Petrel

• Make sure faults are interpretations (not lines/polygons)
• Make sure Horizons are interpretations (not surfaces)

OpenSpirit DataSelector - interpretation

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Interpretation export
Fault interpretations can be exported one-by-one or all at once, while horizon interpretations
must be exported one-by-one.
Remember if the e.g the fault sticks have the fault stick icon attached, right click and select
“convert to interpretation”. The fault will now be put in the active interpretation folder (entire faults
sticks folder or just single faults).
All data are exported by right-clicking on the object/folder to be exported, and selecting the
appropriate OSP export option.

Interpreted horizons imported from OpenSpirit will result in separate objects for time/depth
structure and attributes, such as instantaneous amplitude. These grids will be immediately
available for editing with Petrel Seismic Interpretation, or gridding with Make/Edit Surface.
Attribute grids can be draped over the horizon surface.
When exporting seismic interpretation Petrel must know where to export the seismic data to. In
the Seismic Interpretation tab of the OpenSpirit settings dialog, the user can specify the survey
and earth model to export the data to. These will of course belong to the connected session.

58 • OpenSpirit – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 OpenSpirit
Export Process from Petrel

Seismic
• Seismic 3D volumes can be exported back to via OSP to the datastore
• Seismic 2D lines can imported but cannot be exported back

OpenSpirit DataSelector - seismic

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Seismic export
It is possible to import both 3D and 2D seismic data into Petrel. Seismic data objects will be
placed in a Survey folder to retain the organizational structure of the source datastore. 2D lines
can be organized among survey folders using the Survey Manager.
Only 3D seismic data can be exported back from Petrel.

Shell Refresher 2004 OpenSpirit – Slides • 59

 OpenSpirit
Export Process from Petrel

Seismic 1
Seismic 3D volumes that were not imported trough
OSP must be set up first in OpenSpirit settings in
Petrel:

2
1) Go to Seis tab and select ‘Create new project’
2) Right-click on the SEGY cube in Petrel and
select ‘OpenSpirit 3D Volume export’
3) Enter the new Survey name 3
4) Select which main project it should belong to in
the datastore.

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60 • OpenSpirit – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 OpenSpirit
Synchronization

Synchronization – Purpose
The Synchronization tab can be used to track the changes to data objects in Petrel and/or the
datastore. In this way, users can ensure that they’re always using the most up-to-date
information, and data managers can ensure that the corporate datastore always contains the
most up to date interpretations.

Synchronization tab
Contain a List of all objects in the Petrel project
that were imported from OpenSpirit. Each object is
associated with 2 dates: the date of its last
modification in the datastore, and the date of its
last modification in Petrel. The symbols <, > and =
are used to indicate whether the object in Petrel is
more up-to-date or less up-to-date.

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Synchronization Tool Settings

The Synchronization tab can be used to track the changes to data objects in Petrel and/or the
datastore. In this way, users can ensure that they’re always using the most up-to-date
information, and data managers can ensure that the corporate datastore always contains the
most up to date interpretations.
The synchronization tab contains a list of all objects in the Petrel project that were imported from
OpenSpirit. Each object is associated with 2 dates: the date of its last modification in the
datastore, and the date of its last modification in Petrel. The symbols < (green), > (red) and = are
used to indicate whether the object in Petrel is more up-to-date, less up-to-date or synchronized
with the object in the datastore. The objects can then be synchronized, or refreshed with the
newer version.

Note: Due to a limitation in the OpenSpirit DataServer, changes to data in GeoFrame will not
register until the DataServer is stopped and restarted.

Shell Refresher 2004 OpenSpirit – Slides • 61

 OpenSpirit
Synchronization

Settings
Set the synchronization settings as
required (auto or request)

Out-of-date
Check View Diff Only to filter on just the
out-of-date objects

Execute synchronization
Press Execute Synchronization to
update your project (if not realtime)

Note For OpenWorks database, alerts will appear when the objects in the database change

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Synchronization Tool Settings

The key settings for synchronization are shown below.
Use default: child objects can take their synchronization settings from a folder (eg “Wells”).
View different only: The tree will be filtered to show only those objects which are not
synchronized between Petrel and the database.
Synchronization: determines the direction of data flow, governing whether Petrel is refreshed
with updates from the datastore (reimport), or vice-versa (export). It is also possible to specify
that all objects will be replaced with the newest version, on both the Petrel and datastore sides
(latest).
Real Time: enables automatic updates at a user-defined interval. You may specify that you wish
to be alerted before data is synchronized. Realtime synchronization allows you to automate the
update of your Petrel project and/or project database. Last modify dates for all objects are
refreshed at a user-defined interval, and all objects for which a change is detected are refreshed.
This functionality would be particularly useful for realtime model updates during drilling

Note: If you connect to an OpenWorks database, you will receive alerts when the objects in the
database change. This is not currently supported for GeoFrame databases, owing to a limitation
in OpenSpirit. Regardless of the datastore to which you connect, changes in Petrel will trigger
realtime synchronization.

62 • OpenSpirit – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Edit Input Data – Slides

Editing Input Data

What’s New?

• Make/Edit Surface Changes

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• More algorithms and different access
• Regenerate initial settings - New
• Surface Calculator – New 2003SE
• Point Spreadsheet
• Isochore processing tips
• Isochore Interpolation - New

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Shell Refresher 2004 Edit Input Data – Slides • 63

 Editing Input Data
Make/Edit Surface – Example of Standard Workflow
Use the suggested
algorithm or choose
another one. Apply

Set Geometry (Automatic or

user defined)
Enter main input data to be
gridded (optional: Boundary Press Suggest settings
and closed faults). from Input

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Make Surface – Gridding 3D seismic lines

This slide shows an example gridding 3D seismic lines.
1.Enter the Input data, give a name to the output and use a boundary if available.
2.Define the Geometry, in this case a boundary has been used.
3.Select ’Seismic Lines (high density)’ as your Input Type and click on ’Suggest method and
settings’. Petrel will suggest the settings to be used, found under the Algorithm tab. Use these
default settings, or define your own. No well adjustment, pre- and post-processing have been
done.
4.Press OK.

64 • Edit Input Data – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Editing Input Data
Make/Edit Surface – QC and Interactive Smooth
After a surface is made it may contain irregularities that 1
need to be smoothed:

1. Make sure the Make/Edit Surface process is active.

4A
2. Activate the Smooth Area tool in Function bar.
2
3. Select the area of influence in number of grid cells from
the bottom toolbar (active when Smooth area is active).

4. Click on the surface area in 2D or 3D Display window

(A) and see the change (B).

Note: This is a local smoothing option. To smooth the 4B

entire surface; go to Operations tab for the surface.

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Editing Input Data

Make/Edit Surface – QC and Interactive Peak Remover
If a surface is made contains spikes, there is an alternate 1
smoothing option, Peak Remover:

1. Make sure the Make/edit Surface process is active.

2. Activate the Peak Remover tool from Function bar.

2 3A
3. Click directly on the base of the peak (A) and it will be
immediately removed (B).

4. If the removal was incorrect, use the Undo button.

Note: If editing attempts completely distort A

the original surface then: 3B
A) Make a copy BEFORE you edit… or
B) …right-click on the edited surface and
select Regenerate. 4

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Shell Refresher 2004 Edit Input Data – Slides • 65

 Editing Input Data
Surface Calculator – New 2003SE
In addition to the operations available in the Settings
window and through Make/Edit Surface there is also a
Surface Calculator available:
1
1. Right-click on a Surface and select
Calculator.
2A 2B
2. Type in a new output name (here:
New) (A). Use the Calculator options to
create an algebraic expression (B).

3. Press Enter to execute (equation is

stored in History field at top of
calculator).

4. The new surface will be stored at the

bottom of Input tab.
4

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Surface Calculator:
Right-click on any surface and select Calculator to activate it.
You can overwrite or generate a new surface. Note that all surfaces (and only surfaces) from the
input tab are located in the Select surface variable field. All of these can be used in
expressions alone or together with other mathematical, functional or geometrical terms (See e.g.
Drop-down menus for Functions button and Geometry button).
Syntax:
Output names can only contain letters, numbers and underscores (_) and must start with a letter;
no other special characters or spaces are acceptable. New_Top_Tarbert is an acceptable name,
New Top Tarbert is not.
For readability you can leave spaces between element of the equation.

You may want to generate a surface with coarser or finer resolution (grid) than default; input a
surface of known grid resolution in the For new surface use same resolution as field.
After making the calculator expression, press Enter and the new surface will be stored at the
bottom of the Input tab.
If you want to generate many surfaces using almost the same settings it is a good idea to use
the History field at top where all previously made expressions are stored, click on one and it will
automatically pop back into the Write expression field.
If an expression is really long or complex; use a previously made text file (with .mac extension)
and load it by toggling From file:, browse its location (…) and click Run once loaded.

66 • Edit Input Data – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Editing Input Data
Surface Calculator – Redesign features
Functions and Geometry Options:
Mainly used for properties.

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Editing Input Data Isochore

Make Isochores - Tips Isopach

There are two methods for creating isochore data:

Vertical – If the wells are vertical, only Deviated – If the wells are deviated, a well
two well top points are required top point plus a gridded surface is required

Z-top – Z-base Z-interpolated – Z-base

Well Well

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Shell Refresher 2004 Edit Input Data – Slides • 67

 Editing Input Data
Vertical Wells – Isochore Points
1
We will only look at the vertical method here.
First we have to create Isochore points:

1. Highlight one of the well tops and right-click on

the other that will define the isochore interval. 2
3
2. Select Convert to Isochore Points.

3. A new point set data is created in the Input

tab. Toggle on to visualize in 3D window.

4. Right-click on the Thickness attribute and

select Use as visual vertical position. The
points are now shown as thickness points in 3D
window. Thickness is now marked in purple in
4
the Attributes folder.

Note: If the thickness is negative – generate new points from the thickness attribute, go
to Calculations tab in the settings of the new points and click the button: Assign: Z=-Z.

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Editing Input Data 1

Vertical Wells – Isochore Surface
After the Isochore points have been created, 2
they should be gridded up as a surface 4 3
(thickness map):

1. Drop in the Isochore points in the Main Input

field.

2. Select the Thickness attribute from the Drop-

down menu for the Attribute field.

3. Press the Suggest settings from input button 5

and select Well Tops/Points (low density).

4. Set appropriate geometry under the Geometry

tab.

5. Visualize the new Isochore map in the 3D

window together with the Isochore points.

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68 • Edit Input Data – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Editing Input Data
Isochore Interpolation algorithm - New

New algorithm for isochore gridding:

This algorithm will create much better zero-lines

when input data has points with zero.

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Editing Input Data

Point Spreadsheet - Tips
1

Point data can be imported using the General

lines/points (Ascii) format (x,y format) or can
be created in Petrel:

1. Right-click on point data set and insert a new

attribute. Select type.
2
2. Right-click on the point data set and select
Spreadsheet. Type in the attribute values

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Shell Refresher 2004 Edit Input Data – Slides • 69

 Editing of Input Data – Exercise

Make 2D Surface
The Make Surface process can build a grid from input data such as well tops, point data, or line
data or it can re-grid another surface. A large number of algorithms exist to do this. The
Appendix in the Petrel Online Manual provides a graphic description of how most of these work.
Petrel has some default settings that are based on the type and density of the input data.
The new grid can be forced to extend out to the same limits as the existing grid by using that
existing grid as a boundary while constructing the new grid.

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Exercise Steps
1. Open the Day1_Shell_intro.pet project.
2. Create Top Tarbert 2D time grid:
a. Open the Make/Edit Surfaces process.
b. Enter the Top Tarbert seismic interpretation as the Main Input.
c. Use a boundary polygon as Boundary.
d. Name the output Top Tarbert (Time). Toggle on the white box in front of the name
field and type in.
e. Click Suggest settings from input – a drop down menu appear. Select “Seismic
Lines (high density)”. Petrel will automatically take you to the algorithm tab and
suggest the best algorithm for the data (this can of course be changed).
f. In the Algorithm tab, use the default settings (Convergent Interpolation)
g. Under the Geometry tab, define the settings as the figure below shows, then click
OK:

70 • Editing of Input Data – Exercise Shell Refresher 2004

 Schlumberger Private
Comments
• When selecting the Input Data and then pressing the “Suggest settings from input” button,
Petrel will suggest the method to be used under the Algorithm tab. You are free to change these
settings any way you like if you believe other settings will produce a better result. Test different
results using the same output (overwritten) or make new outputs that can be compared.
• When gridding Well Tops, the well top type is the main input. Petrel will recognize these data as
well tops, and you will have to also define the attribute to use (e.g. depth, time, dip, azimuth,
etc.).

Edit Surface
The Edit Surface tools provide a rapid means of adjusting an existing surface. There are several
different options to edit surfaces in Petrel. Examples of functionalities includes: Smooth Area,
Peak Remover, Pick and drag the Z-value to a new position, Assign, add or subtract the
selected grid node with a specified Z-value. There is also an option to undo or redo edited
operations.

Shell Refresher 2004 Editing of Input Data – Exercise • 71

 Exercise Steps
1. Activate the Make/Edit Surface process.
2. Use Ctrl C+V to make a copy of the Top Tarbert (time) grid. Then place it in the same
folder as the original.
3. Display the Top Tarbert surface in a 3D window.

4. Select the Peak Remover icon and remove the peak. Note that the peak is much
more obvious when gridded than in the original seismic interpretation.
5. Make a copy of the surface again and do some other edits using the tools in the
Function bar.
6. Right-click on the surface and select ‘Regenerate’. This should take you all the way
back to the original settings!

Comments
• In order to enhance the speed of the Edit Surface functions, contouring is hidden during edit

sessions. When editing is complete, use the Refresh icon to redraw contour lines.
•

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Full undo/redo is available during each Make/Edit Surfaces session; however activating another
process will automatically remove the undo history to save memory.

Surface Calculator
Operations can be performed on objects or to create new objects using the Surface Calculator.

Exercise Steps
1. Right-click on the Top Tarbert surface and select Calculator.
2. Type in the new name “Test”; note that there cannot be space or mathematical terms in the
name).
3. Now use the calculator syntax (=) and use the listed variables Top Tarbert (+) Seabed.
Default is that it will use the same grid resolution (50x50) as Top Tarbert., unless you use
another surface with different resolution.
4. Press ENTER; the new surface is stored in the Input tab.

Create Isochores
Isochore data are generated in two ways. When the wells are vertical a simple technique is
used, if they are deviated you need a gridded surface in addition to well top points to generate
an isochore. Isochores are thickness maps along True Vertical Thickness (TVT) as opposed to

72 • Editing of Input Data – Exercise Shell Refresher 2004

 Isopachs that are along True Stratigraphic Thickness (TST). We will look only at the simple
method even though our wells are not perfectly vertical.

Note: If a 3D grid is already made with zonation, an isochore can be output directly from the
settings of the zone in the 3D grid zone filter.

Exercise Steps
1. Go to the Well Tops folder in Input tab and highlight the Top Tarbert horizon under the
Stratigraphy folder. The well top becomes bold. Now right-click directly on the Base
Cretaceous well top and select Convert to Isochore Points.
2. Click NO on the Petrel message log that pops up.

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3. A new point data set is generated at the bottom of the Input tab called ”Base Cretaceous –
Top Tarbert”.
4. Expand this new point set; there is a folder called Attributes, which is expandable as well.
Look at the attributes that are generated.

Shell Refresher 2004 Editing of Input Data – Exercise • 73

 5. Toggle on the point data and view them in a 3D Window. Show the axis using the

Show/Hide Axis icon in the Tool bar. Since the Z attribute is purple, the points are
physically shown in depth. To view the thickness, right-click on the Thickness attribute and
select Use as visual vertical position. You will see that the points “jump up” to above zero,
since all thicknesses should be positive.

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6. Double-click on the Z and the Thickness attributes and view the Statistics tabs for both.

7. This is a good QC step to see the Elevation and Thickness deltas. If the thickness values
are all negative, right-click on the Thickness attribute and select Convert to Points. A new
point data set is created called “Base Cretaceous-Top Tarbert (Thickness)”. Go to the
Calculations tab in the settings for these point data and press the Assign: Z=-Z (not
necessary here as it should be positive thickness already).
8. Now make a surface (thickness map) of the point data: Double-click on the Make/Edit
Surface process.
74 • Editing of Input Data – Exercise Shell Refresher 2004
 9. Highlight the isochore points and drop them into the Main Input field using the blue arrow.
The Z value will be chosen as attribute; select the Thickness attribute instead using the
drop-down menu from the Attribute field. Toggle the Name field and type in “Isochore BC-
TT”.

10. Press the Suggest settings from input button and select the Well Tops/Points (low
density) option. Petrel will suggest the Convergent Interpolation method in the Algorithm
tab.

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11. Go to the Geometry tab and select Automatic (from input data/boundary). Toggle the
checkbox under Boundary and select zero cell extension.

Shell Refresher 2004 Editing of Input Data – Exercise • 75

 12. Click OK. A new surface with a thickness template is generated in the Input tab. Toggle on
this surface in the 3D window together with the original isochore points. If these are not
easily visible, go to Style settings of the isochore points and increase the Symbol size to
100.

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13. Check the statistics. If negative values are shown that is normal due to the gridding
algorithm.

14. Try using the Isochore Interpolation algorithm instead and compare the two results (make
a new output surface and call it “Isochore Interpolation”. Check Statistics.

76 • Editing of Input Data – Exercise Shell Refresher 2004

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Shell Refresher 2004 Editing of Input Data – Exercise • 77

 Well Correlation – Slides

Well Correlation
What’s New?
• Curve Filling – Group Panels, Cut Offs, etc
• Well Templates
• Well Tops – Create, Edit, Flatten, etc.
• Ghost Curves
• Panel Splitting for Sub-Horizontal Wells

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• Log Calculator
• Tad Poles and Rose Diagrams
• Extra:
• Completion Design and Comment Logs
• Well Seismic
• Bitmap Logs (e.g. FMI images, Cores, etc.)

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78 • Well Correlation – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Well Correlation – Well Section Set Up
Open Well Section and View Data

Well Sections are generated from

the Windows menu ...

... and stored in the Windows tab

Toggle on the checkbox in front of a To choose a depth scale,

Well Section to display existing Well Display Well Tops, Fault
select between MD, TVD,

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Sections Cuts, Surfaces, Horizons
SSTVD, OWT, TWT, TVT and Fluid Contacts
and TST

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Well Correlation – Well Section Set Up

Curve filling – Single Curve Panel 1

How to color fill a Single curve panel:

1. Click the Create/Edit Curve Fill icon

from Function tool bar.

2. Click with the left mouse button in area

between log curve an panel edge. 2

3. To adjust the color

range, open
Settings for the log 3
from Global Well
Logs, then go to the
Colors tab

Note: The Permeability color fill template

can have a logarithmic scale

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Shell Refresher 2004 Well Correlation – Slides • 79

 Well Correlation – Well Section Set Up
Setting up Group Panels (Tips)

Group panels allow you to display

two or more logs in the same panel.
Preparation:
Make sure logs are posted in Well
Section, without color fill.

2
1. Right click on a well in Well section
(Windows tab) and select Insert
group panel.

2. A folder called Group is created.

Drag-and-drop curves into the Group 3
folder (left mouse button).

3. In the Well Section Window there

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1
are now multiple logs in one panel

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Well Correlation – Well Section Set Up

Curve Filling – Cut Offs and Property Fill (some new)
Setting a Cut Off: Automatic Property Fill:
Select Depth Interval and Color fill from a Color fill using a property to define the color range.
base line to a curve or a constant. Select Automatic and specify the propert color.

5 © 2004 Schlumberger Information Solutions. All rights reserved.

80 • Well Correlation – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Well Correlation – Well Section Set Up
Creating and Applying Well Templates (New)
1. Define a template: set up a Well (logs, 3. To Apply template to all wells in section; right-
fill, groups etc.). click on the Well Section and select Apply well
2. Right-click on the Well and select Use template to all wells.
as well template (Well will turn purple). 4. Choose the template from the drop-down menu
and click OK. Wells in section are updated.

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3 4

Use Apply well template to

select a template for a single well.
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Well Templates
The settings and display of a well in a well section can be used as a template for the display of
other wells whether they are in the same section or another one. Data displayed and the panel
sizes are all part of the settings which are copies.
Any number of wells can be used as templates; those that are will be highlighted in purple and
have the Template icon across their symbol. Once a well has been designated as a template, its
settings can be applied to all wells in a well section or to an individual well.

Note: if you apply a template to a well that has been previously set as a template you will have
remove the previously defined template.

To apply a template to an individual well:

1. Define a template.
2. Right-click on the well and select Use as well template. The well will turn purple.
3. Right-click on the well under the Well Section in which you wish to apply the template and
select Apply well template.
4. Choose the template from the drop-down menu and click OK. The well is updated with the
selected template.

Shell Refresher 2004 Well Correlation – Slides • 81

 Well Correlation – Correlation
Well Tops – Create and Edit
Edit well tops Create well tops

New 2003SE
... or

All changes are reflected in the

well tops spreadsheet

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Undo well top edit (once) New 2004
Lock a well top from its Settings
dialog to avoid mis-edits

New 2004
7 © 2004 Schlumberger Information Solutions. All rights reserved.

Well Section – Edit/add well tops

Well tops can be edited by positioning the cursor over one of the well tops. An arrow will appear.
When the arrow is showing, move the well top into the required position. The Create/Edit well
tops icon must be active in order to be able to move the well tops.
New well tops can be added by clicking on the Add new well top surface icon (note that the
Create/Edit well tops icon must be active in order to get access to the Add new well tops icon).
Remember to choose the type of well top surface by make the type active under the well tops
folder.

To insert a new well top just click on the position where it should be inserted. It can be edited
afterwards if necessary. If one of your well tops in the Well Tops folder is active, the new well top
will get the same name. To insert a new well tops with a new name, make sure to de-activate the
existing well tops (i.e. Click on them so that they are not bold).

82 • Well Correlation – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Well Correlation – Correlation
Well Tops Hierarchy – Organization Improvement

Well Tops can be sorted in

hierarchical order in the
Stratigraphy folder.

The hirearchy is reflected in

both the Spreadsheet and
Zone Spreadsheet.

Note: You can have as many

zone levels as desired (> 20
should be sufficient!)

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Well Correlation – Correlation

Well Tops Hierarchy – Zone Logs

Zone Logs can be

created/updated from Well
Tops, but stored in the
Global Well Logs folder:

1. Insert /Update Zone Log.

2. Toggle the Zone log from

the Global Well Logs.

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Shell Refresher 2004 Well Correlation – Slides • 83

 Well Correlation – Correlation
Well Tops Hierarchy – Zone Spreadsheet
Create Zone attibutes in different zone levels: 2

1
1. Right-click on the Attribute folder under
Well Tops and ‘Insert New Attribute’

2. Go to operations tab of the new

porosity attribute

3. Click ‘Execute’ and visualize the new

zone attribute in the well Section Panel.
Open the Zone Spreadsheet and explore
the new attribute values there.

Note: Petrel wil create zone names

3
automatically according to the overlying
well top when importing new well tops.

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Well Correlation – Correlation

Well Tops – Flattening (Tips)
1. Right-click on a Well top in
Well Tops folder and Select
Flattening on Well Tops is used to correlate intervals. It Flatten well section on horizon.
can be done in 2 ways:

2. Go to Settings tab under

settings for Well Section;
highlight a well top and drop it
into Flatten on well top field
using the blue arrow.

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84 • Well Correlation – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Well Correlation – Correlation
Display Contacts, Surfaces etc. (New)
Fluid Contacts

Surfaces and Horizons

Faults (MD, TVD)

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Displaying Surfaces, Horizons, and Contacts

Surfaces, horizons, and contacts can all be displayed directly in the well section window and
appear in much the same style as well tops. These data are displayed simply by clicking the
appropriate object in the explorer. The point at which the chosen surface cuts the well path will
be displayed in the well section as a line. The style of this line may be changed through the
objects settings dialog.

Note: when displaying contacts it is important to remember that the contact will only be
displayed if the contact cuts the well path. If the contact is above the top of the zone then it will
not be displayed in the well path.

Shell Refresher 2004 Well Correlation – Slides • 85

 Well Correlation – Correlation
Fault Gaps (New)
Fault gaps (TST, TVT);
Normal Fault: Missing = - define throw in the Well Tops
Spreadsheet under Missing

Reverse Fault: Repeated = +

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13 © 2004 Schlumberger Information Solutions. All rights reserved.

Missing Section values for Faults

Negative values indicate missing stratigraphic section (normal faults) and positive values
indicate repeated section (reverse faults). Missing section values must be entered in the Well
Tops spreadsheet (Missing) and the display mode must be either TVT or TST before fault gaps
will be displayed on a well section.

86 • Well Correlation – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Well Correlation – Correlation Boo !
Ghost Curve – Create (New)
A Ghost curve is a transparent copy of one of the wells in the well section
that can be moved independently in the well section window and
compared with the logs from other wells.

Ghost curves can be made for one

curve...:
Drag the desired panel from the
reference well by holding the ”hand”
over the well name at the top. Drag
using the left mouse button. Ghost icon
is added to the Well section.

... or the entire well curve panel:

Click the Ghost icon in the Function bar.
Position cursor on well name and drag
to activate ghost. Open Settings dialog
for the ghost. On the Style tab, select
None for the Dynamic adaption.

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Ghost curves
Ghost curves were designed as an aid to correlation between wells in a well section. Only one
ghost curve can be active in each well section at one time. Ghosts are stored with the Well
Section under the Windows tab. As with other Petrel objects, ghost curves have a Settings
dialog which allows you to adjust parameters. A key parameter is the dynamic adaptation option.
If this is turned on, with a single panel ghost, the curve type will change depending on the curve
type of the underlying well. For example, if you drag a GR curve and pass over a Resistivity
curve, the ghost will change from a GR to the Resistivity.

How to create a ghost curve:

1. Open a well section window and display wells and logs as required.
2. Click on the header for a well (the colored section at the top of the display with the well name)
and drag it to one side, the ghost curve will now appear in the window.
3. To temporarily hide the ghost curve, toggle it off in Windows tab – Well section or toggle off
the ghost icon.

Shell Refresher 2004 Well Correlation – Slides • 87

 Well Correlation – Correlation Boo !
Ghost Curve – Manipulate
1. Ghost curves are stored
separately in the Well Section in
Windows tab.
1

2. Dynamic adaptation under Style tab settings for the Ghost

curve has 3 options:
A) None – curve remains unchanged
B) Underlying curve – adapt to curves it is dragged over
C) Underlying well – the ghost curve changes to match
the template of the underlying well

3. Transparency and Curve fill is available.

2A
Note: If a lot of scrolling is done for correlation it
3
is a good idea to turn off decimation of underlying
curve (Project settings – Visualization tab).
2

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16 © 2004 Schlumberger Information Solutions. All rights reserved.

Settings for the Ghost curve

Double clicking the ghost curve under the well section icon on the windows tab will open it’s
settings panel. The info and settings tabs of the ghost curve’s dialog are the same as those for
any well icon in the well section apart from the addition of the style tab.
The available settings are:
- Panel Background: Set the background color of the ghost curve, it’s transparency and
whether or not grid lines are shown.
- Curves: Toggle on or off filling of the curves being displayed.
- Dynamic adaptation: This will control how the curve behaves as it is dragged across other
wells in the well section.

To change the scale on the ghost curve, uncheck synchronized well scaling, select the ghost
curve and then use + and – to change the scale, using Shift together with these buttons will
make a finer adjustment to the scaling.

88 • Well Correlation – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Well Correlation – Interpretation
Panel Splitting for Horizontal Wells (New)
Split panels to avoid data overlap for faults
and horizontal wells.

1. Panel Splitting is done from the Layout tab

under the Settings for the Well Section.

2. By domain and Group by intervals put

sections in same depth side-by-side. 3

3. Set up the Well section and display a sub-

horizontal well.

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Display mode: TVD or
TVDSS
16 © 2004 Schlumberger Information Solutions. All rights reserved.

Panel Splitting
Splitting a log makes a copy of the well panel and displays it next to the original log. For
horizontal wells every time the wellbore inverts (e.g. TVD starts increasing with increasing MD) a
new panel is created (see screen capture above). Panel splitting is also used to view fault gaps
and reverse fault displacements. The display mode for the Well Section must be either TVT or
TST. Displaying in one of the other modes will revert the log display back to vertical only.

For a horizontal well:

Set up the well section with the horizontal well displayed (note that multiple logs can be
displayed, but too many will make it confusing).
Double click on the Well Section stored under Windows tab and go to the Layout tab. Toggle on
the radio button By domain (this enables Panel Splitting when vertical depth scales
(TVD/TST/TVT) would lead to overlapping data).
The Minimum interval length allows you to hide intervals smaller than a specified length. The
parameter is entered in Measured Depth (MD) in project units. This avoids lots of split panels
(e.g. a horizontal well oscillates around 0 degrees).
Group by intervals – toggles on the option to place split panels side-by-side.
Group by data – toggles on option to place like data objects side-by-side.
Compact Intervals – will attempt to place split panels from left to right in order to conserve
screen space.

Shell Refresher 2004 Well Correlation – Slides • 89

 Well Correlation – Interpretation
Log Calculator (Tips)
Use the Log calculator to 1.Input equation.
perform operations on or 6
between well logs. Available 2.List of available logs.
wells and logs will depend
on which well or log you 1
4 3.Select template for
start the calculator from. 3 new log.

2 4.Functions and
Geometry pull-down
5 menus.

5.Click Enter key to run

equation.

6.List of previously run

Note: The calculator can be run on Wells, Well Subset or all Wells: equations.
Right click on their respective main folder.

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1. Equation – type in or select equation from history section (#6). Petrel uses the same syntax
as Excel. The output log name cannot start with a number or contain spaces or valid operands (-
, + etc).
2. Contents of the list will be dependent on where you started the calculator.
3. ‘Sample MD’ is normally defaulted to ‘from log’ and ‘depth’, but can be changed as
necessary.
4. Functions include .Min (return the minimum value of data), .Max (return the maximum value
of the data), etc. Geometry returns information concerning where the point is located, e.g. X, Y
or Z coordinate.
5. Equation won’t be calculated until the ENTER button is clicked. Note there is no Apply or OK
in the Calculator.
6. Previously run calculations can be reused. Click on the desired equation with left mouse
button and it will be transferred into the Input Equation field.

Equations can also be stored in a file (<filename>.mac). Toggle on the From file option and find
the desired file by clicking on the “…” (ellipsis button).

90 • Well Correlation – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Well Correlation – Interpretation
Rose Diagrams (Tips)
Rose Diagrams can show Log or Well
Top values in a pie diagram in a Well
Section panel 1

1. Right-click on a well in Well Section,

select ‘Insert rose diagram panel’

2. Draw roses from logs, select

a log and the limit values of
the log.

3. Rose diagrams can be

calculated and shown
2
between Well tops
3

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Rose diagrams are circular histograms ideally suited for displaying angle information such as dip
direction or current directions. The circle is divided into a number of sectors and a section of that
sector colored according to how many data points occur within that sector. Logs, well tops or
point well data can be displayed in the panel.
Points representing the individual data points can also be displayed, with the position of the point
around the circle dependant upon the azimuth (as above) and the distance from the centre of the
circle to the point dependant upon the dip (0 in the centre of the circle, 90 at the edge).
Data can be collected between well tops or at a constant interval (e.g. every 50m MD).

Shell Refresher 2004 Well Correlation – Slides • 91

 Well Correlation – Interpretation
Tad Poles (Tips)
Tad poles are useful to show dips and
azimuth in conjunction with for 3 2
example FMI image logs, to spot 1
fracture / bedding directions

1. Right-click on a well in Well Section,

select ‘Insert point/tadpole panel’.

2. Select the appropriate Dip

Azimuth and Dip angle logs
from the Well.
2
2. Import the corresponding
Image log, using Import Well
(on selection) and using the
bitmap format.

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19 © 2004 Schlumberger Information Solutions. All rights reserved.

Well Correlation – Extra

Completion Design (New) and Comment Logs
Completion Design (requires Well
Completion design module)

Comment Logs

+
Create/edit Create new
comment logs comment log

20 © 2004 Schlumberger Information Solutions. All rights reserved.

92 • Well Correlation – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Well Correlation – Extra
Well Seismic (Tips)

Right-click on a seismic cube and

select Create Well Seismic. Set
parameters. Click OK and it is
stored in Global Well Logs folder.

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21 © 2004 Schlumberger Information Solutions. All rights reserved.

Well Correlation – Extra

Bitmap Logs (New 2003SE)
Import Bitmap logs such as FMI
and Core images

Edit Bitmap logs:

Create/edit
control points

Import Raster logs:

Bitmap logs (A2D) with Smart
Interchange Format (SIF) –
relate bitmaps to depth

22 © 2004 Schlumberger Information Solutions. All rights reserved.

Shell Refresher 2004 Well Correlation – Slides • 93

 Well Correlation – Exercise

Display
This section will explain how to display logs and well tops, how to edit the display, apply color to
the display and define the general settings.

Displaying Logs and Tops

All the well logs are found under the Global Well Logs folder. All the logs that are selected from
the Global Well Logs folder will be displayed in the open Well Section window (as long as they

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exist for those wells).

Exercise Steps
1. Open Day1_Shell_Intro.pet. Make a simple Well Section. It will be stored in the Windows
tab. Use C6 plus a few other ones.
2. When you are in the Well Section window, toggle on the Perm, Gamma and Porosity logs
under Wells Folder > Global Well Logs folder.
3. The logs and the wells can be re-organized by dragging and dropping them into the desired
position. For well C6 try to re-organize the well logs and observe that they change positions.

4. Display the Well Tops by toggling on the checkbox in front of the Well Tops folder. Note: If
nothing is being displayed, then make sure that the box in front of Stratigraphy is toggled.

94 • Well Correlation – Exercise Shell Refresher 2004

 Exercise Steps
1. Flatten on a horizon:
a. Open the Settings for Well Section 1, go to the Settings tab.
b. Select Flatten on well top, select the well top to flatten on (make it bold under

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the Well Tops folder), and click on the blue arrow , as shown in the figure.

2. Set an absolute scale: Define the scale as shown in the figure above.
3. Observe that if you now try to scroll or zoom, then the wells will be synchronized and all will

move. Also pres the Fit Window to Paper Width to view all the wells in the Well
Section window; will give you a better picture of the flattening and scaling.

Shell Refresher 2004 Well Correlation – Exercise • 95

 Schlumberger Private
Grouping of Logs
Several logs can be grouped into one panel, typically Neutron and Density logs, to distinguish
between sand and shale intervals.

Exercise Steps
1. For well C6 (only), right-click on the well name in the Well Section folder under the Windows
tab and select Insert Group Panel.
2. Drag and drop the Porosity and Gamma logs into the Group folder by left-clicking, dragging
and dropping, as shown in the figure below.

Color fill using a property back-drop

Color fill can be applied to the areas between the panel edge and the log and/or between logs.

Exercise Steps
1. Coloring (for logs in a group panel):
a. Right-click on the Porosity log (under the Group panel) and select Settings.

96 • Well Correlation – Exercise Shell Refresher 2004

 b. Go to the Curve Filling tab. Make sure that there are no intervals defined in the
pull-down list next to ‘Selected interval’. If there are any intervals defined, then
delete them by pressing the Delete button.
c. Select ‘New from Top to Bottom’. Define the settings according to the figure
below: In the Fill Edge section, select ‘min’ and ‘other curve’ and select Fill
color (As Property) and Pattern (Automatic) as shown in the in the Fill Style
section.

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d. Press Apply.
e. Select ‘New from Top to Bottom’ again. Define the color fill in the interval
between the maximum values of the log and the other curve, use same pattern
and color.
f. Press OK.
g. View the log, which could now look something like:

Shell Refresher 2004 Well Correlation – Exercise • 97

 Schlumberger Private
Using a Template Well
Templates can be defined to define the well log display. The user can then first define the setup
with coloring and grouping as desired for one well, and then apply these settings for all other
wells with only one click. There can be several templates.

Exercise Steps
1. Well C6 contains a setup with grouping of well logs and color fill (as defined in the previous
exercise). This setup should be applied to all wells in the Well Section.
2. Right-click on well C6 in the Well Section folder and select Use as Well Template. It will turn
purple.
3. Apply the settings as defined for C6 to ALL the other wells by pressing the Apply template
to all icon (located in the Function bar on the right-hand side of the Petrel Display
window).
4. A pop up window appear asking you which Well Section template to use (you can have
several), select the C6-Well Section 1, as shown below:

98 • Well Correlation – Exercise Shell Refresher 2004

 Note: You can have several Well Section templates. The active template is indicated as purple
in the Well Section under Windows tab. Only one template can be active at the time. If you want

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to apply the template to only one or a few wells, go to each of the Well names in the Well
Section, right-click and select Apply Well Template.

Optional - Sedimentological facies Interpretation

Facies logs can also be created interactively from scratch, or you can edit on existing facies
logs.

Exercise Steps

1. Create a new facies log by clicking the Paint Discrete Log Class icon and Create

new discrete log

icon in the Function bar.
Select the Fluvial Facies
template and press OK.
The new log will be added
to the global log list under
the Wells folder. Rename
the log to New_Fluv_Fac.
2. Display the New_Fluv_Fac log in the Well Section window. It will be empty
3. Display the logs to be used when interpreting the facies log (Gamma and Porosity can be
used).

Shell Refresher 2004 Well Correlation – Exercise • 99

 4. Do the facies interpretation interactively: Do the facies interpretation interactively by painting
the facies is spots where you think they should exist. Do this by:

a. Click on the Paint Discrete Log Class (A) icon

b. If you want to change fill in an existing interval, use the Pick up discrete log class value

icon . First pick up the class you want to paint using left mouse-button click in an
interval where that facies exist. The cursor icon changes to a paintbox – now fill into the
interval you want to change using left mouse-button click again.

c. To make a simple flood fill, use the Flood fill discrete log class icon and flood fill
intervals. To change facies, right-click in the curve panel and change.

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Comments
• Hint: It is usually a good approach to first fill the ‘background’ facies along the entire area to
be interpreted (the most represented facies) and then start drawing the other facies intervals
in between.

Editing and Creating Well Tops

Existing Well Tops can be displayed and edited, and new well tops can be created in the Well
Section window.

Optional - Edit Well Tops

Existing well tops can easily be edited by interactively moving it in the Well Section window (or in
the 3D window), or its value can be given directly.

Exercise Steps
1. Open an existing Well Section display, or create a new one and adjust curves for
correlation. Using all 4 wells, but only one curve makes it easier to see most of the wells in
the Well Section window.
2. Interactive editing:
100 • Well Correlation – Exercise Shell Refresher 2004
 a. Make sure all the Well tops are displayed by toggling on the check box to the
left of the Well Tops 1 folder. Then expand the Well Tops folder and
Stratigraphy folder and make sure all the tops are turned on.

b. Activate the Create/Edit Well Tops icon. Be sure that the restricted

well tops icon is toggled off. This makes it possible to move well tops
past stratigraphically higher/lower well tops.
c. Position the cursor on top of one of the lines representing a well top. A double
arrow will appear. Move the well tops by left mouse-button, click and
move.
3. Enter the depth manually:
a. Right-click on the well top in the well Section display. A window pops up.
b. Enter the depth value of the well top for the current well.

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4. Lock Well Tops to avoid mis-edits (and set Well Top type):
a. Display well B8 and make sure you see Base Cretaceous and Top Tarbert
well tops (they should overlie)

b. Double-click on the Base Cretaceous under Well tops < Stratigraphy folder in
Input tab. Go to Settings tab.
c. In the Settings tab, change Horizon Type from Conformable to Erosional and
toggle on Lock well top.

Shell Refresher 2004 Well Correlation – Exercise • 101

 d. Press Apply and see the updates in the Well Section window. Note that the
erosional Base Cretaceous is displayed with an undulating line, and that Top
Tarbert is deleted in wells where MDs are the same.

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e. Try moving Base Cretaceous well top in the Well Section (should not be
possible – it has a padlock icon next to it).

Creating Well Tops

New Well Tops can be interpreted in the Well Section window based on the displayed logs.

Exercise Steps
1. Make sure that none of the existing well tops are active (bold) under the Well Tops folder

102 • Well Correlation – Exercise Shell Refresher 2004

 2. Activate the Create/Edit Well Tops and then click on the Add New Well Top Surface

icon.
3. Select the type of well top to interpret by make the type bold under the well tops folder in
Petrel Explorer. The choices are Stratigraphy, Faults or Other.
4. Click anywhere inside one of the well logs displayed in the Well Section Window to insert a
new well top. The new well top will get the name Horizon 1 and it will be placed in the
correct stratigraphic order in the list of the well tops under the Well Tops folder.

5. Note that if the Restricted Well Tops icon is active, it will force the well tops that you
create to not cross stratigraphic borders, when you try to edit it later. If the Restricted Well
Tops icon is not active, then you are allowed to insert/edit well tops that are crossing
stratigraphic borders (both inside each well and between wells).
6. To interpret this well top in another well, then it should be active (bold) in the Well Tops
folder before starting to interpret the well top in another well. Then the new well top will be
added to this well top type.

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7. To insert a sub-horizon, right-click on the Stratigraphy folder under Well Tops folder and
select Show Zone Icons. Now right-click on one of the Zones and select Insert
Zone/Horizon into. This will insert a new sub-horizon into the Stratigraphy folder (Horizon
7.1 below). Make sure this is active (bold) and click in the Well Section window inside the
zone you created it from. The new horizon is now interpreted there.

Shell Refresher 2004 Well Correlation – Exercise • 103

 8. To QC, check exact depth etc. it is now a good idea to open the Well Tops Spreadsheet.
Right-click on Well Tops folder and select Spreadsheet.
9. Now filter wells so that only well B8 is listed.

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Note: that the Well Top s surfaces can be changed from a drop-down menu in the Surface
column in the Spreadsheet. If you want to edit a well top in Well Section window, open the
Spreadsheet at the same time and see the real time edit in the MD depth column.

Calculating Well Top attributes

Attribute values can be calculated directly from a well log. Attributes are assigned either to a
Surface or a Zone:
Surfaces – attribute is a point attribute relating to the well top itself. It’s value will be sampled
from one point in the well and it will be displayed in the well tops spreadsheet.

104 • Well Correlation – Exercise Shell Refresher 2004

 Zones – attribute represents a region between two well tops. It’s value will be an averaged value
of all the well log values between the two well tops and it will be displayed in the Zone
spreadsheet.

Exercise Steps
1. Right-click on the Attribute folder under Well Tops and ‘Insert New Attribute’.
2. Go to the settings of the new attribute and select Permeability as the Template in Info tab.
3. Go to Operations tab and Update Attribute ‘To the surface/horizons’. Select Perm log as the
‘Log to be used’

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4. Click Execute. Display the new Perm attribute in the Well Section Window.

5. Open the Well Tops Spreadsheet to check the attribute values.

Shell Refresher 2004 Well Correlation – Exercise • 105

 6. Insert a new Porosity attribute under Well Tops.
7. We want to assign an average porosity value on the first level of the Stratigraphy. Go to
operations tab of the new porosity attribute and Update attribute ‘To the zones at level: 1’.
Use the Porosity log and set a max cutoff (see figure below).

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8. Click Execute and visualize the new zone attribute in the well Section Panel. Open the Zone
Spreadsheet and explore the new attribute values there.

Note: Zone Spreadsheet operates in much the same way as the well top Spreadsheet, with a
filter for wells and the option to edit or insert attribute values. Data from this spreadsheet can be
copied out to any other windows software, edited and copied back in again.

Optional - Show Zone Well Top attributes on a Map

Display the cumulative fraction of a facies from each zone on a map.
106 • Well Correlation – Exercise Shell Refresher 2004
 Exercise Steps
1. Right-click on the Attribute folder under Well Tops and ‘Insert New Attribute’. Make it
continuous. Under settings for the new attribute, use the ‘Fraction’ template in the Info tab.
2. Go to the Operations tab, Update attribute ‘To the zones at level: 1’.
3. Use Facies as log and select Fraction as average method. Then select code 0 (Clay ). Hit
the Execute button and a new attribute is added in the Well Tops attributes.

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4. Repeat steps 1-3 two more times, but select code 1 (sand) and code 2 (silt) this time.
5. Now look at the well section window, displaying a zone log, the averaged facies log for the
zones and the 3 different facies fractions.

Shell Refresher 2004 Well Correlation – Exercise • 107

 6. Open a new Map window and display the well tops, with attributes Well and the zone
attributes Facies1, 2 and 3.
7. Go to Style tab under the settings for Well Tops. In the Pie Chart tab set up a Cumulative
size.

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8. Filter on each Well Top.

108 • Well Correlation – Exercise Shell Refresher 2004

 Rose Diagrams
Display values in a rose diagram, e.g. property distributions from logs, or attributes from Well
tops.

Exercise Steps
1. Go to Windows tab, Well C6 under the active Well section. Right-click on the well and ‘Insert
Rose diagram’.
2. Double-click on the Rose Diagram. Select to take points from the Porosity log.
3. In the Limit setting tab, make a rose between well tops using 15 sectors.
4. In the Rose Diagram tab, Use ‘Different’ as color and ‘Fraction’ as template.
5. Click Apply and display the Rose Diagram in the Well Section window.

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Shell Refresher 2004 Well Correlation – Exercise • 109

 Schlumberger Private
Tad Poles
These are useful in conjunction with FMI images to show fracture orientation in an interval.

Exercise Steps
1. Go to Well C5. Import on selection the FMI bitmap log stored in the Input data folder >Other
data > Image Well. Set the depth range from 1918 to 2193 (MD).
2. In the Well Section, right-click on C5 and ‘Insert points /tadpole panel’.
3. In the Settings for the tadpole, select Dip and Azimuth values from available logs and play
with the style settings. Display together with the FMI image (note; they are not acquired
from the same place so do not do any comparison!).

110 • Well Correlation – Exercise Shell Refresher 2004

 Schlumberger Private
Ghost Curves
The ghost curve is a transparent copy of one of the wells in the well section that can be moved
independently in the well section window and compared with the logs from other wells. It is
designed as an aid to correlation between wells in a well section.

Create ghost curves

Creating ghost curves is a very simple operation. Only one ghost curve can be held in each well
section at one time.

Exercise steps
1. Activate one of the Well Sections you have created and stored in Windows tab of the
Second Petrel Explorer.
2. Click on the header for a well (the colored section at the top of the display with the well
name) and drag it to one side, the ghost curve will now appear in the window.
3. The ghost curve is stored in the Well Section in Windows tab

Shell Refresher 2004 Well Correlation – Exercise • 111

 4. By default the ghost curve adapts to the underlying curve and will change while dragging it
over the different curves and wells (it is transparent).

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5. When you have found a well and curve to correlate you may turn off the dynamic adaptation
to the Underlying curve. Double-click on the ghost curve in the well Section window. A
dialog box pops up. In the Style tab set Dynamic adaptation to None.

Note 1: If you do a lot of moving around with the ghost curve, or try to correlate certain curves,
the color of the underlying curves decimate by default. To keep them permanent, go to Project
settings in Menu bar. In the Visualization tab, toggle off the Well section Decimation and press
Apply.

Note 2: To be able to scroll and zoom the ghost panel, go to Windows tab, insert a depth track
by right-clicking on the Ghost icon there. Go to settings and set Dynamic Adaption to None, to
avoid it disappearing again.

112 • Well Correlation – Exercise Shell Refresher 2004

 6. Insert a depth scale by right-clicking on the ghost curve in Windows tab and select Insert
depth scale.
7. Once the ghost curve is set to None for Dynamic adaptation, if is possible to create more
ghost curves for other well using the same method as point 2.

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Display fault gaps
Fault gaps can be displayed in a Well Section as long as a missing section is defined and the
Well Section is shown in TVT or TST domain. Fault gaps are essentially missing sections along
a well path due to fault throw.

Create Faults
To be able to work with fault gaps we need faults. It is easy to interpret them in Petrel since we
did not import any.

Exercise Steps
1. Open the project GF_Well_correlation.pet. This contains pre-made data that can be used
for this and the next optional exercise. If you want to prepare the data yourself, follow step
2–7, but if you use the pre-made project, skip steps 2-7.
2. Make a Save As in your Student folder.
3. In a Well Section window, make sure Well B8 is displayed together with a log and Well
Tops.
4. Activate the Create/Edit Well Tops icon and highlight Faults in the Well Tops folder.
Then click in the Well Section window and interpret 2 faults.

Shell Refresher 2004 Well Correlation – Exercise • 113

 5. The two faults will be called Fault 1 and 2 by default. Now open the Well Tops Spreadsheet
by right-clicking on the Well Tops folder.
6. The Faults are displayed under the well (filter so that only B8 is shown). Type in -10 and -20

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(project units) in the column called Missing. Press Apply.

Note: - ve is MISSING (Normal Fault), + ve is REPEATED (Reverse Fault)

7. In the Well Section window, switch the domain from SSTVD to TST from the Tool bar. It will
become grey since (as seen in the Spreadsheet) there is no TVT and TST calculated yet.
To do this, enter some fictive data in the Dip Angle and Dip Azimuth columns, e.g. like
shown below.
8. Press Apply in the Spreadsheet and go to settings for Well folder. In the Thickness tab,
toggle Input Well tops, so that Petrel will calculate TVT and TST from the Spreadsheet input
and not the logs. Press Apply for the Settings dialog.

114 • Well Correlation – Exercise Shell Refresher 2004

 9. Now go to the Well Section display for Well B8 and switch between TVT and TST domain
and see the changes.

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Panel splitting for Horizontal wells

It is possible to split panels in the Well Section display to avoid overlapping data when a well
path goes horizontal. Normally it will then go up and down the stratigraphy creating overlapping
sections when shown in MD or TVD.

Shell Refresher 2004 Well Correlation – Exercise • 115

 Horizontal well
An artificial well called A1-Horisontal is made for this exercise.

Exercise steps
1. Make sure the GF_Well_Correlation.pet project is still active, and open a new Well
Section display from the Window option in Menu bar. Display the A1 well.
2. Toggle on the Porosity log from Global Well logs folder and use Create/edit curve fill to
color the log.
3. To view the well in 3D, open a new 3D Window, toggle on the well and the porosity log. To

get an idea of the well path location, depress the Show/Hide Axis icon .
4. Set the Z-scale to 3 times vertical exaggeration and view the well from south using Map
View Position icon in Tool bar.

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5. With the 3D axis shown it is quite clear that there is at least one section going upwards,
before going down again. Now activate the Well Section display again.
6. Now go to Windows tab and double-click on the Well Section. In the Settings, first go to
Info tab and type in a new name for the well Section: “Well Section – Horizontal”.
7. Go to Layout tab and toggle By Domain under Panel Splitting and Group by Intervals.
Click Apply.

Note: The Well panel should now be split in 3 parts. By using your mouse-button downward on
the depth track you will notice that where the 3 panels are side by side they are at the same
depth (TVD or SSTVD). There is an option in Layout tab for Panel splitting called Minimum
interval length; which cleans out small panels less than a given length in project units.

116 • Well Correlation – Exercise Shell Refresher 2004

 There are no well tops connected to the well trace as it is artificial. However you can create
intersection points that automatically will be converted to Well Tops where the well path cuts
Horizons in a given 3D Grid or given Surfaces.

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8. Go to Models tab and expand Gullfaks final grid stored in the Gullfaks 2004 Model.
Right-click on the Horizons folder in Gullfaks final, which is a depth converted grid, and
go to Operations tab. Toggle off Fill in faulted areas and Click the Make Surface button.

9. Petrel will generate a folder with Surfaces created from the 3D Grid horizons, stored at the
bottom of the Input tab in the First Petrel Explorer.
10. Go to the Faults folder in Gullfaks final, right-click on Main Fault West 2 and select Convert
To Fault Surface. The fault is now generated as a surface and stored in Input tab.

Shell Refresher 2004 Well Correlation – Exercise • 117

 11. Now go to Settings for Well A1, by right-clicking on the A1 well in Wells folder. Highlight

the all the new Surfaces and use the Append icon in the Settings dialog to enter the
selected surfaces.
12. Toggle Iconize points as: Horizons – this will generate intersection points as Well tops in
the Well tops folder for Well A1 when you press the Execute button.

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13. Remove all the surfaces in the dialog using the Remove selected rows icon . Then
select the Main Fault West 2 surface from Input tab and drop in the same way as the
surfaces. Click Execute.
14. Now view well A1 in the well section display and toggle on Well Tops.

15. View the Well in 3D Window. Display the well and well Tops. Make sure to view Surface in
Attributes of the Well Tops folder and filter so that only well A1 is toggled in the Well Filter.
16. Then right-click on the A1 in Wells folder and select Create vertical well intersection.
Toggle the “magic” Blue button and display Faults, Horizons and Edges from the Gullfaks
Final 3D grid in Model tab.

118 • Well Correlation – Exercise Shell Refresher 2004

 17. To QC the generation of the new well tops better, double-click on Well Tops folder. In the
Settings < Style tab, change symbol color to Black, toggle Show discs (dip/azimuth of well
tops) and depress the 2D option for Font annotation. Finally Go to Tool bar and View from
South using the View Position icon . Press Apply and see the changes in the 3D
Window.

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Shell Refresher 2004 Well Correlation – Exercise • 119

 Neural Net – Slides

Neural Nets (I)

Introduction

A Neural Network is an interconnected assembly of

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simple processing elements, units or nodes, whose
functionality is loosely based on the animal neuron. The
processing ability of the network is stored in the inter-
unit connection strengths, or weights, obtained by a
process of adaptation to, or learning from, a set of
training patterns.
(from Internet; source unknown)

120 • Neural Net – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Neural Nets (I)
Practical Meaning in Property Modeling

Classical statistics:
Predefined rules (formulas) Æ Cluster Analysis, Principal Component
Analysis, Discriminant Analysis ...etc.

Neural Nets:
Algorithm to classify data according to a trained model and a learning
process Æ recognize patterns
• Data Set of well logs which are “discriminant” to units
• (Gamma Ray + Neutron Density + DT Æ Facies Log)
• Supervised and non supervised models

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Inspired by the biological nervous system, neural network technology is being used to solve a
wide variety of complex scientific, engineering, and business problems.
Unlike analytical approaches commonly used in fields such as statistics and control theory,
neural networks require no explicit model and no limiting assumptions of normality or linearity.
The behavior of a neural network is defined by the way its individual computing elements are
connected and by the strength of those connections, or weights. The weights are automatically
adjusted by training the network according to a specified learning rule until it properly performs
the desired task.
Neural networks require intensive matrix computations.

Unsupervised – (Discrete/Continuous). Specify the desired number of classes. The algorithm

will separate the data as logically as possible into this number of classes (classification only).
Supervised – (Discrete). Specify the training data to be used in the classification or the target
for the estimation. This data must be present at all of the points used as input or on the points
used as Training Data if that option was selected (seismic and surfaces only).

Shell Refresher 2004 Neural Net – Slides • 121

 Neural Nets (I)
Principal Idea
First Drilling Campaign

70
•From a given dataset (logs)
60
50
•Draw a selection of logs (or
Log B

40
30
20 cores) and boreholes of clean
signals
10
0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4

•Predefine the number of target

Log A

After a New Campaign units (Facies classes)

70
60
50
Log B

40
30
20 •Æ Let the algorithm decide
learn and take the decision
10
0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4
Log A

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Neural Nets (I)

Petrel Interface for Neural nets – Training Data

Train Estimation
Model (Utilities)

Model and Selected

Data Type Logs (or any
other data
type)

Selected
Wells

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122 • Neural Net – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Neural Nets (I)
Petrel Interface for Neural nets – Well section

Trainings Image Neural Net result

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Neural Nets
Summary

• Relationship between Nodes and weights

• Analyzing Data
• Recognizing Pattern
• Supervised (discrete and continuous)
• Non supervised (discrete)

• LEARNING SYSTEM

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Shell Refresher 2004 Neural Net – Slides • 123

 Neural Net - Exercise

Theory
Neural networks require no explicit model and no limiting assumptions of normality or linearity. It
does not use any statistical rules. The behavior of a neural network is defined by the way its
individual computing elements are connected and by the weights of those connections. The
weights are automatically adjusted by training the network according to a specified learning rule

Neural Nets (I) – Classification

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The purpose of the exercise is to see the differences of unsupervised and supervised Neural
Nets.
Unsupervised neural net class: The user specifies the number of classes. The algorithm will
separate the data as logically as possible into this number of classes (classification only).
Supervised neural net class: The user specifies the training data to be used in the
classification or the target for the estimation.

Exercise Steps
1. Go to the Utilities in the Process diagram and double-click on the Train Estimation Model
process.
2. Select Classification from well Logs.
3. Select wells C4, C5 and C6 the logs Gamma, Porosity and NetGross. Press the Corr
Analysis button to test if there is a correlation between the 3 chosen parameters.

124 • Neural Net - Exercise Shell Refresher 2004

 Schlumberger Private
4. Under the Settings tab select Unsupervised as Neural net class.
5. Use 4 classes and leave the other settings unchanged. Press Apply.
6. Visualize the results in a well section. Compare the input logs, the facies log and the new
log (General Discrete (Neural Net 1)).

Shell Refresher 2004 Neural Net - Exercise • 125

 7. Repeat the exercise but use Supervised as Neural net class and select the ‘Facies’ log as
training data to be used.
8. Compare the results.

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126 • Neural Net - Exercise Shell Refresher 2004

 Plotting – Slides

Plotting
What’s New?
• Window Types
– Empty Plot Window - New
– Group Viewports - New
• Use Saved Windows
– Using Windows tab

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– Output results
• Create and Manipulate Annotations
– Insert text

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Shell Refresher 2004 Plotting – Slides • 127

 Plotting
Map Window
4
1
1. Insert a ”New map window” from the
Windows menu in the menu bar.

2
2. Select items to be displayed by toggling
on the objects.
3
3. Filter out to display correct faults

4. Display legend, scale, title,...

5
5. The Map settings are stored in the
Windows tab and controlled from there.

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Plotting
Map Window – Property Display

1. Follow same steps as in previous slide,

but toggle a property instead.

2. If nothing is displayed, go to Settings for

Properties folder. 1

3. In the Style tab, make sure As property

(A) is selected, and jump the K-layer
selection (B) up or down.

2 3A

3B 4

4. Post K-layer in info box; from settings,

Code column: Select K-Layer.

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128 • Plotting – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Plotting
Intersection Window
1 5
1. Insert a New intersection window from
the menu bar.

2. Display a General Intersection.

3
2
3. Select items to display by toggling on the
objects.

4. Adjust the zone filter to display specific 4

zones. 6

5. Insert legend, scale, title,...

6. Capture an index image of intersection

through the 3D Grid in a 3D window.

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Plotting
Intersection Window – Display Seismic

It is possible to display seismic in

Intersection Windows:

To view seismic, have an intersection

viewport active (Intersection Window or
Empty Plot Window), then toggle on Inline, X-
line or Random Line.

Note: Viewports are

the sub-windows
displayed in all the
window types. To
change general
viewport settings, go
to viewport icon in
Function bar.

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Shell Refresher 2004 Plotting – Slides • 129

 Plotting
Montage plots – Using Empty Plot Window
1 2
1. Insert a New empty plot window from the
window menu.

2. Insert new viewports in the plot window.

3

4B

3. Select items to display in each plot window

by toggling on the objects

4. When a viewport is active it is bold (A) in 4A

Windows tab and has a red frame (B) in the
plot window.

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Empty Plot window

Each plot window can contain several viewports and each of these may have associated objects
such as a scale or a legend. The active viewport is indicated by a red border and can be
switched by clicking on a different viewport or inserting a new viewport which will then become
active.
Different types of viewport will have different tools available and when switching between these,
the toolbar will change. When a viewport is active, the items that can be displayed in the
viewport will be have a checkbox in the Petrel explorer and checking it by clicking the box once
will display the item in the viewport.
Remember that all the other standard windows (Map, Intersection etc.) also can have viewports
inserted!

130 • Plotting – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Plotting
Empty Plot Window – Viewport Settings

1. Go to the settings for Plot window in Windows tab.

1
2. Specify the number of viewports.

3. Specify layout of columns/rows.

4. Apply by pressing the Setup viewports button (see

results in the Plot window).
2
3

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Plot window - Settings

After several viewports have been inserted, you can move them around (using select/pick
mode). As they are inserted by selecting a new viewport and manually drawn into the Empty Plot
window, it may be a good idea to arrange them properly.
Go to settings for the Plot window stored in the Windows tab. Use the Setup Multiple viewports
tab to specify columns and row and how many of each. Click the Setup viewports button, and
view the changes in the Plot window.
Change the ordering of the setup viewports by altering the ordering the hierarchy in the Windows
tab for the Plot Window.

Shell Refresher 2004 Plotting – Slides • 131

 Plotting
General – Viewport Settings; Link

1. Go to the settings for Plot window in Windows tab.

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Plotting
Empty Plot Window – Well Section Viewport

1. Insert a New Empty plot window from Windows 1 2

menu

2. Insert a New Well Section Viewport.

3. Go to settings for the Well Section viewport in

Windows tab.

4. In the Viewport tab, select a well section, and click

the blue arrow to insert. Press Update (A) and see 4B
the changes in the Plot window (B).

4A

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132 • Plotting – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Plotting
Stereonet

Stereonet display
Plot dip and azimuth from well tops or point
data on a stereonet, linked to points in 3D.

Window Viewport

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Plotting
Stereonet and Well Section 1

Open an Empty Plot window:

1. Open a Well
Section viewport w/dip 2
angle and azimuth

2. Open a Stereonet
viewport to view
Azimuth of a Well Top
(use filters)

3. Open an
Intersection viewport
to view Azimuth and
Dip attributes of a Well
Top (can show max.6) 3

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Shell Refresher 2004 Plotting – Slides • 133

 Plotting
Saved Windows

1. All display windows will automatically be saved

under the Windows tab.

2. The display windows can be toggled on and off.

3. The window settings, like axis, compass needle 4

etc. can be turned on and off for each window. 2

3
4. Even when exited, a window will exist in the
Windows tab until it is physically deleted from there.

1
Note: Windows can be dragged-and-dropped from a
Secondary project, and can serve as “Master”
templates for all projects.

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Plotting
2. The Label object can be inserted from
Annotations and Labels the New Object in Window option.
The label option is independent.
1. The Annotations object allows the user
to attach names etc. to various objects in
the display. Annotations must first be
added to the list, then attached to an
object and displayed in the window.
2
Once displayed, the text can be moved in the
map window by clicking and dragging it to a
new position. By pressing shift whilst
dragging the name can be rotated.

Note 1: Only one annotations object is allowed

per project, but ctrl c+v can copy an 1
annotation object. 2
1
Note 2: All objects (not only annotations) in a
Plot window can be moved using the select
/pick mode option

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134 • Plotting – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Plotting
Annotations – Insert Text Example
2

1. Insert New Annotations from the Insert menu.

1
2. Double-click on the Annotations (stored in
Input tab) and go to the Settings tab.
3A 3B
3. Append a row (A), select multiple drop (B)
and drop in for exapmle segments from Segment 3C 4
Filter in the row (C), using the blue arrow.

4. Orientation (Angles) can be specified, but

annotations can easily be manipulated
interactively in the Map Window (see next slide)

5
5. The Annotations must be toggled on in the
Input tab.

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Plotting
Annotations – Result
1. Display an object (e.g. horizon) and make sure As 4. View the new Text style and rotate them
Segment is selected as Color fill. directly in the Map window (Select/pick mode
active + Shift)
2. Toggle on the Annotations.

3. If the Text style is inappropriate, go to Style

settings for Annotations and create a custom style 1 2
(A), click Apply and select new text style in 4
Settings tab (B).

3A

3B

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Shell Refresher 2004 Plotting – Slides • 135

 Plotting – Exercise

Making Scaled Maps

The Map window can be selected from the Window pull-down menu. This window is used to
generate scaled plots of anything that can be displayed in plan view (horizontal or X-Y plane.
The sizes available for the selected print device can be seen and selected using the Page Setup
window (Menu bar > File > Page Setup). The display generation and plotting techniques are
described in the following exercises.

Defining a Map for Plotting

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Below is a description of how to display a horizon with faults and wells. You can use the icon at
the top for turning on/off features such as axis, info box, legend, etc.

Exercise Steps
1. Open the Day1_Shell_Intro.pet project Insert a New Map Window from the Window
menu.
2. Display the Top Tarbert horizon from the Horizons folder under the 3D Grid (DC). Note
that a set of map icons appear in the top tool bar.

3. Zoom and Pan the map (Left mouse pans and Shift + Ctrl + Left mouse zooms). Observe
that the scale changes.

136 • Plotting – Exercise Shell Refresher 2004

 Schlumberger Private
4. Display the well tops on the map by:
a. Expand the Well Tops folder in the Input Tab by clicking the +.
b. Within the Well Tops folder, expand the Attributes folder by clicking on the +.
c. Be sure only the attribute Well is toggled on.
d. Expand the Stratigraphy folder by clicking on the +.
e. Toggle on the checkbox next to only the Top Tarbert well top.
f. Toggle on the checkbox next to the Well Tops folder.
g. If you think the well name and symbol is not well sized, double-click on the Well
Tops folder, go to ‘Symbols and labels’ in Style tab and increase both.
5. Display faults on the map:
a. Expand the Fault Filter folder in the Models tab by clicking on the +.
b. Turn of all of the faults by clicking the checkbox next to the Fault Filter folder.
Turn on only the Top Tarbert fault by clicking the checkbox next to it.
c. Toggle on the checkbox next to the Faults folder in the Models tab. Faults will
be displayed that cut the Top Tarbert Horizon only.
Note: There is a short-cut for exercise 5: Go to Horizons folder and right-click on Top Tarbert.
Select Set Horizon and Fault visible.

Shell Refresher 2004 Plotting – Exercise • 137

 6. Set a user-defined scale by opening the Viewport settings .

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7. Give a heading to the map by pressing the Show/Hide label icon, change the
heading by pressing the little black arrow next to the icon and write your own header.
Alternatively; press the Insert Autotext button and select Horizon name from the drop-
down menu.

8. Display the grid lines by clicking on the black arrow next to the Show/Hide axis icon. Go
to the tab called Grid.

Insert a customized or Company logo:

1. Import the logo as a bitmap using Import file

2. Activate the black arrow next to the Show/Hide frame icon in the toolbar.

138 • Plotting – Exercise Shell Refresher 2004

 3. Highlight the bitmap image from the Input tab (stored there after import) and press
the Blue arrow in the Frame dialog window to drop in the Company logo. Press
Apply to update.

4. The logo will be stored down at the right, but can be changed in the same Frame
settings dialog window.

Displaying Properties
When displaying a property in the Map window, you must specify the K-layer to view.
1. Toggle on the property to display; Fluvial Facies object. Nothing is shown in Map view yet.
2. Define the K-layer to display under the Style tab in the Settings for the Properties. The

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figure below shows that a K-index number will be displayed.

3. Using the field to type in a specified layer is fast but requires you to press Apply
for each update. Using the Check icons allows you to scroll trough the layers
without using Apply. Test.
Shell Refresher 2004 Plotting – Exercise • 139
 Displaying Annotations

Many items in Petrel can be displayed on a map or in a 3D display window by their name and by
their center position. The text can later be dragged and moved anywhere in the Map window.
The text can be rotated and you have some options of changing the fonts.

1. Make sure you are visualizing the Input tab in Petrel explorer. This allows you to insert an
Annotations folder by going to Insert in Menu bar> New Annotations. The Annotations folder
will be stored at the bottom of the Input tab.

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2. Toggle on the Annotations from Input tab. Nothing happens; double-click on the Annotations

to access the Settings window. Insert a single row using the Append item in table
icon in the settings tab. Depress also the Multiple drop in table icon.

3. Go to the ‘Segment Filter’ of your depth converted 3D grid and expand it. Select Segment 1
and drop it into the Annotations Settings tab using the Blue arrow. This allows all segments
in the folder to be dropped in automatically.

140 • Plotting – Exercise Shell Refresher 2004

 4. Press Apply. The segment names should now be shown in the Map window.

Making Scaled Intersections

Just as for maps, there is a separate Intersection window, used when making scaled

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intersections. A general intersection is used for displaying items in the Intersection window. For
more about working with General Intersections, see the Petrel User Interface and Visualization
Workflow.

Exercise Steps
1. Prepare a General Intersection plane in the Intersections folder of the 3D grid. Give it the
desired orientation. Do not display any data on the General Intersection yet.
2. Insert a New Intersection Window from the Window menu, toggle on the General
Intersection, and select all the horizons from your 3D Grid.
3. Fill color between the stratigraphic horizons by turning on the Edges and Faults (under the
3D grid).

4. To change the orientation, switch between Align North-South , Align East-West

, or flip the view around the vertical axis by using Align Camera with Plane .
5. To change the colors of the zones, change the color under the Zone Filter folder in the
Petrel Explorer Models tab; double-click on a zone and change colors in Info tab.
6. To display grid lines or change thickness of horizon and fault lines, go to the Settings for
the General Intersection itself, and change the settings under 3D-grid Settings for items
from the 3D Grid. Note that changes, done in the Intersection window are also being done
on the 3D window.
7. When you have created the intersection you want, you can create an index map in bitmap
form of where the intersection has been cut:

Shell Refresher 2004 Plotting – Exercise • 141

 a. In the 3D window, display the General Intersection together with one of the
horizons to show where it goes.

b. Go to the Edit menu and select Copy Bitmap then Paste Bitmap.
c. The bitmap will now be placed under the Input tab in the Petrel Explorer.
d. While in the Intersection window, toggle on the bitmap. You can move it
around anywhere you like, and change the size of it (activate Select/pick mode

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first). Just remember that the bitmap is not interactive while the General
Intersection will change if you update it later on.
e. Toggle on the well from the Well folder in Input tab. You will only see some of
them displayed – this is due to the distance limit controlled from the Settings of
the General Intersection > Input Settings tab

f. Finally depress the Show/Hide Symbol legend to view the zone legend
bar.

142 • Plotting – Exercise Shell Refresher 2004

 Schlumberger Private
Comments
• You can also display Properties in the intersection window.
• You can display Seismic by toggling on Inlines or crosslines

Montage Plots
There is an option to open an empty plot window. This empty window can be filled with
whichever Viewport (sub-windows) of the other windows, like maps, intersections, histograms
and well sections.
1. Open a New Empty Plot Window from Window menu.

2. Go to the New Object in Window icon and select New Map Viewport. Draw in desired
size by using left mouse-button. Display the Top Tarbert horizon from the Horizons folder of
your 3D grid.
3. Go to new object in Window again and draw in a Histogram Viewport, display a porosity
property.
4. Then draw an Intersection Viewport and toggle a General Intersection the same way as
described earlier. Toggle on the same Porosity property again. Open a new Intersection and
display a Edges, horizons and faults. It should look almost like below:

Shell Refresher 2004 Plotting – Exercise • 143

 Schlumberger Private
Note: The active viewport has a red frame! You may change the frames for all by activating
them (red frame and change the frames interactively.
5. It looks a bit messy. Sort it by going to the Windows tab. Find the Plot Window and double-
click on it to access the settings.

6. Go to the Setup multiple viewports tab and specify the settings as in the figure below. Then
click the Setup viewports button. See the changes in the Plot window.

144 • Plotting – Exercise Shell Refresher 2004

 Note: To change the viewports around, move them in the Windows tab, then click Apply and
Setup Windows viewports.

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Well Section
Well Sections can be displayed in any of the plot windows in Window menu. However you need
to insert a special Well Section viewport.
1. Insert a New Empty Plot Window.
2. Insert a New Well Section Viewport, using the left mouse button to draw it in. An empty
grey field is displayed.

3. Double-click on the Well Section Viewport under the Plot Window in Windows tab. Go to
Viewport tab in the Settings dialog window.

Shell Refresher 2004 Plotting – Exercise • 145

 4. Go to Windows tab and select a Well Section. Drop it into the Master Well Section using the
Blue arrow. Click the Update button.

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If time permits, try setting up your own Montage plot, containing properties in Histogram and
Function viewports, stereonets and using the arrows and labels in the ‘New object in
window’ option.

146 • Plotting – Exercise Shell Refresher 2004

 Well Design – Slides

Well Design
What’s New?
• Digitize a Well Path
– ADT algorithm - NEW
– Slight change in the error propagation (error cone)

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• Edit a Well Path
– How does the Widget work now?
• QC the Well Path
– Using Vertical Well Intersections (along the well)
– Reporting horizon entry and exit points
• Extra – Well Optimizer
– Cost model and reservoir Targets - NEW

1 © 2004 Schlumberger Information Solutions. All rights reserved.

Shell Refresher 2004 Well Design – Slides • 147

 Well Design
Process

Digitize and Edit the Well Path.

QC: Create vertical intersection, and

create synthetic logs.

View/Create Reports; Deviation

survey reports and Intersection
reports.

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3 © 2004 Schlumberger Information Solutions. All rights reserved.

Well Design Process

First step is to digitize the Well path. This can be done in several way, and will be described on
the next slides. Edit the well path into position.

Second, do a quality control by creating a vertical well intersection and displaying different
types of data on it. Also, it is possible to create synthetic logs along the well path, based on
inputs from the 3D grid. This could be synthetic property logs (Phi, Perm, Sw, etc) or zone logs.
The synthetic logs can be displayed in the well section window just as any other type of log.

The final step, is usually to create a Report to be exported to the driller. You can either create a
report that tells you all the exits and entries of every zone or you could enter the Wells Editor
and get a listing of the well points, with different types of attribute, as shown in the table on the
slide.

148 • Well Design – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Well Design
Algorithms

Standard Spline algorithm – is a cubic spline

method that uses minimum curvature to design
the well path.

Advanced algorithm – is an advanced well

trajectory planning algorithm. The algorithm will
attempt to design a well that passes through all
the design points at the user prescribed angle (if
set) by using a series of straight sections and
curves of the requested Dog Leg Severity
(DLS). The algorithm approximates how wells
are drilled in the real world!

Note: The ADT (Advanced Design Trajectory ) algorithm from CPS-3 is used in the advanced method
and it is compatible with the Drilling Office application.

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4 © 2004 Schlumberger Information Solutions. All rights reserved.

ADT algorithm and settings

The well path algorithm has three user-defined settings (not for spline well paths):
Requested this is the dog leg severity that will be used on the curved sections of the well path if
possible.
Maximum the maximum dog leg severity that can be used in the well path if required.
Increment the step increase in dog leg severity that will be used if the requested value must be
exceeded.
How does the algorithm work?
The algorithm will attempt to design a well that passes through all the design points at the user
prescribed angle (if set) by using a series of straight sections and curves of the requested DLS
(dog leg severity).
If no azimuth and inclination is defined, the algorithm will use a ‘J’ curve between points 1
and 2 (straight section then curve), a straight section between points 2 and 3 then ‘r’ curves
between subsequent points (curve then straight section). Subsequent points added to the start
of the well path will be connected by ‘J’ curves, the position of the straight section will not be
moved. If the requested DLS can not be achieved because of the positioning of the design
points (points are too close together and at a too severe angle), then the algorithm will use as
high a DLS as is required.
Spline curve algorithm
The basic principle is that azimuth and Inclination change linearly from one point to the next.
Step 1. Trace points are calculated from MD, Inclination and Azimuth or X, Y, Z etc.
Step 2 Calculate Inclination and Azimuth from trace points.

Shell Refresher 2004 Well Design – Slides • 149

 Well Design
Digitize Well Path – Process
1. Activate Well Design in the Process Diagram.

2. Continue digitizing on an existing (active; bold) well…

3. ... Or Start New Well (Deactivate old) 2

4. A new proposed well trajectory is stored in the

Proposed wells folder under the main Wells folder.

Note: Use these two

3
options to increase or
decrease point size
1

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4 © 2004 Schlumberger Information Solutions. All rights reserved.

Well Design
Simple
Well Type – Where to Start The Well
Wells can be simple, stand alone (have well header) or
be sidetracks from other wells:

Stand alone

Side track

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150 • Well Design – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Well Design
Dog Leg Severity (DLS)
DLS is an indication of deviation in degrees per 100 ft (~30 m). DLS will indicate the max
bend limit of drill pipe and is crucial for drillers when planning wells.

1. DLS color table can be edited (max DLS); go to Style tab for Proposed Wells folder.

2. To view the DLS, press the Dog-icon. The colors will be displayed on the well path.

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8 © 2004 Schlumberger Information Solutions. All rights reserved.

Well Design
Dog Leg Severity (DLS)
The ADT algorithm has some special settings for Requested and Maximum DLS:

Requested – Default DLS value for new trajectory.

Maximum – Used when it is not possible to design trajectory using requested DLS.

Note: Changing Max DLS will set the

DLS color table for this well trace.

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Shell Refresher 2004 Well Design – Slides • 151

 Well Design
Error Cone
Error cone – is a display of the uncertainty that may arise during the drilling of a new well
Error propagation – is error in distance units per 1000 distance units drilled

1. Go to the Style tab for Proposed Wells folder.

2. In the Error cone tab, set horizontal (and

vertical) error propagation from a specified depth.

3. Depress the Show/Hide Error Cone

icon to view the Error cone.

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10 © 2004 Schlumberger Information Solutions. All rights reserved.

Well Design
Edit Well Path – Moving Design Point Nodes

1. Activate the Select/pick mode from Function bar. 1

2. Pick a node (yellow) and move it by holding down left mouse-button.

3. Depending on the move options in the Function bar you can move along the
Line tangent only (A), in the Vertical plane only (B) or Free movement (C).

3B 3C

3A
2

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152 • Well Design – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Well Design
Edit Well Path – Moving Tangent and Vector Arrow
1. Move tangent – select the cylinder part of the widget (becomes yellow)
and move up or down tangent for smaller adjustments. Ctrl shifts orientation.
2
2. You may also activate the Z-value selector icon and specify a depth for
the node (assign Z=value and press =); moves widget along tangent.

3. Adjust vector arrow (becomes yellow). This will not move the node but
affect the curvature of the entire well path (A).

1 3 3A

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12 © 2004 Schlumberger Information Solutions. All rights reserved.

Well Design
QC – Vertical Well Intersection

After digitizing and editing the well it is time for QC:

1. Right-click on the Proposed well and select Create Vertical Well

Intersection (A). An intersection is created (B), that follows the well path.

2. Use the Blue button (A) to display properties or seismic on

the plane (B). Check and edit again if necessary.

1B

2B

1A
2A

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Shell Refresher 2004 Well Design – Slides • 153

 Well Design 1
QC – Synthetic Logs
Another way to QC along the well path is to create Synthetic logs:

1. Go to the Make Logs tab under Settings for a Proposed well, and
toggle on a property to create a log from. Hit the Make Logs button.

2. Toggle on the new log (Synthetic) under the Well logs folder.

3. Go to Style tab under Settings for the Proposed well, and toggle
on In 3D to view the synthetic log as a cylinder.

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14 © 2004 Schlumberger Information Solutions. All rights reserved.

Synthetic log curves - can be created from the properties in the active 3D grid or from the
zones in the 3D grid. Synthetic logs can be displayed in 2D (as you are used to see a log
displayed) or they can be displayed ’in 3D’ meaning that they will be displayed as a cylinder
along the well path where the thickness of the cylinder represents the value of the log.

154 • Well Design – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Well Design
Reports – Deviation Survey
1. Right-click on Proposed well and select 2
Spreadsheet.

3
1

2. Toggle Designed Points to view/edit the

nodes.

3. Toggle All points in the Well Trace to

see and approximated deviation survey (not
editable).

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15 © 2004 Schlumberger Information Solutions. All rights reserved.

Create Reports
A report can be created from the Report tab in the Settings window for the current well. You can
create a Well Intersection Report for the 3D grid, that will give you the X, Y, and Z coordinates
for all the entries and exits of the zones in the active 3D grid. Or you could create a Well
Intersection Report relative to other surfaces. The other surfaces must exist in the Petrel
Explorer Input tab and must be entered into the list.
It is also possible to go into the Wells Editor, found by right-clicking on the Well itself. The Editor
shows the parameter as displayed in the table to the right on the slide. You can either display
the data for only the digitized points or for all the points along the well path.

Shell Refresher 2004 Well Design – Slides • 155

 Well Design
Reports – Intersection With Grid Zones
1. Right-click on the Proposed well and go to the Report
tab under Settings.

2. Highlight a 3D Grid and input using the append option.

3. Click Execute and view the Output sheet. See the

intersection points for zones and faults.

2
1

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Well Design
Reports – Intersection With Surfaces
1. Go to Settings for the Horizons folder(A) of the grid to
convert them to depth Surfaces. In Operations tab, click Make 2
Surfaces (B). New surfaces are stored in the Input tab (C).
3
1C 4B
1A
1B
4A

2. Append the surfaces in the Report tab of the Proposed well.

3. Additional: Toggle Iconize points as: and Into active well

tops as: Horizon to generate well tops that did not
previously exist.

4. Click Execute (A). This generates an output sheet (B) and

a new well top ©. 4C

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156 • Well Design – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Well Design
Reports – Intersection With Faults 1A

1. Go to the Faults folder(A) of the grid to convert 1C

them to depth Surfaces. Right-click on Faults and
select ‘Convert to fault Surfaces’ (B). New surfaces
are stored in the Input tab (C).
1B
Note: The fault surfaces can be displayed directly
in the Well Section panel as surfaces.

2. Append the fault surfaces in the Report tab of

the Proposed well.

3. Toggle Iconize points as: and Into active 3

well tops as: Fault to generate fault cuts in well
tops folder that did not previously exist. 4B

4. Click Execute (A). This generates an output 4A

sheet and a new fault well tops (B).

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Shell Refresher 2004 Well Design – Slides • 157

 Well Design
Extra – Well Optimizer
Given a set of reservoir targets the Well Optimizer will calculate
well trajectories and platform locations in order to minimize the
total cost of a drilling project.

The user specifies targets and a Cost Model as minimum input.

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18 © 2004 Schlumberger Information Solutions. All rights reserved.

Well Optimizer
Given a set of reservoir targets the Well Optimizer will calculate well trajectories and platform
locations that minimize the total cost of a drilling project. The user specifies targets and a cost
function as minimum input. The output is a set of optimized trajectories based on geometrical
drilling constraints extending from the reservoir back to the surface location. These trajectories
are automatically sorted in to special folders to distinguish the optimized wells.

Cost Model: The purpose of the optimizer is to generate wells at a minimum cost given the input
conditions. The cost model is designed up front before the optimizer can be executed. Cost is
based on the Rate of Penetration (ROP) principle. That is, predicting the cost of drilling a unit
length of vertical well section, normally measured in $/ft. Accelerators can be applied to increase
the cost per unit length based on well inclination and curvature. In addition to the ROP costs the
user can add platform and well costs.

158 • Well Design – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Well Design – Exercise

Digitize a new well

Displaying any type of data. Start to digitize on the data to create a new designed well. The well
design points must be attached to an object in the 3D space. A recommended object to use is an
intersection plane. Intersection planes can be activated through any of the folders in the Input
tab explorer window or by using the Intersections option in the Model tab window.

Exercise Steps

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1. Use the Day1_Shell_Intro.pet project.
2. Highlight the Well Design process (under Utilities) in the Process Diagram. The tool buttons
for the process will appear in the Function bar.
3. Display a General Intersection plane (go to Intersections folder under Models tab). Position
it in an area of your model that you want to digitize a well.
4. Display the porosity property, the horizons and the faults on the plane (using the ‘magic’
blue button).

5. Click on the Start New Well (Deactivate Old) icon and the Add New Points
icon will be activated.
6. Digitize along the plane to define a well trajectory.

7. A new Proposed well 3 is created in Proposed Wells folder in the Input tab of Petrel
Explorer.

Shell Refresher 2004 Well Design – Slides • 159

 8. Edit your well path. When the Select/Pick Mode is activated, select a shape point
and drag it to a new position. Use the 3D (ball), 2D (cylinder) and vector (arrow) options.

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Tools when designing well trajectories

Exercise Steps

Editing the Position of a Well Design Point

1. Click on the Set Select/Pick Mode icon.
2. Click on the point to edit.
3. Move it into the desired position.
4. Alternatively: Open the Wells spreadsheet by right clicking on Proposed well 3 and select
Spreadsheet. Find the point to be edited, change the coordinates by typing.

160 • Well Design – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Displaying an Error Cone
1. It is possible to display an Error Cone around the well trajectory. Depress the Show/Hide
error cone icon in Function bar.
2. This option can also be chosen from the tab called Error Cone found in the Settings
window for the Proposed wells folder. The error cone will show a cylinder around the well

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path and the cylinder gets thicker the farther you are from the starting point (allowing a
larger uncertainty).
3. You can specify both a horizontal and vertical error propagation, that either starts at the top
of the well or at a specified depth.

Shell Refresher 2004 Well Design – Slides • 161

 Spreadsheet for wells

Exercise Steps
1. Right-click on the Proposed well 3 and select Spreadsheet.
2. A spreadsheet will pop up containing the X, Y and Z coordinates. Based on these
coordinates, Petrel will calculate the MD, inclination, azimuth, DX, DY, TVD and DLS for all
the points along the well trajectory. You can choose to show the result for the ‘Designed
Point’ only or for ‘All Points in the Well Trace’.

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3. The spreadsheet is compatible with Microsoft Excel. To copy the data into Excel, select the
rows you want to copy by positioning the cursor in the number column to the left. A black,
horizontal arrow appears which allows you to select the entire row. Click on the copy

icon to copy the information. Open Excel and paste the information into Excel.
4. To enter new points you can use the icons to the top to add new rows or remove rows

.
5. Then write the information that you want to add, or paste the information from Excel if you
already have points that you want to add to the Petrel.

Digitizing the trajectory on a filtered property

Instead of digitizing on a general intersection, you can filter on a property and then digitize
directly on the property in 3D.

Exercise Steps
1. Display the porosity property in the 3D window together with the General Intersection
already set up.
2. Toggle the Use Value Filter to display only the high porosity values (Properties folder >
Filter tab), by dragging the Min. color arrow indicator upwards above 0.2 (20%).

162 • Well Design – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Schlumberger Private
3. Use the Zone and Segment filters for more constraints on the displayed data.

4. Click on the Add New Points icon and make sure the Proposed well 3 is still bold
(active) in the Proposed wells folder. Now continue adding points to the well path, moving
away from the General Intersection plane and out into 3D space.
5. Start digitizing your well path by clicking on the filtered porosity cells displayed in the 3D
window.
6. Points can be edited by clicking on them. The ‘widget’ will appear, and it allows you to
move the point in 3D. It is sometimes easier to move it along the cylinder than along the

Shell Refresher 2004 Well Design – Slides • 163

 plane. To change the orientation of the widget, click on the Ctrl key while pointing the
cursor at the plane.

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Create a vertical Well Intersection

Vertical Well Intersections can be created along any well path imported or designed in Petrel.

1. Click with the right mouse button on the well path created (Proposed 3).
2. Select Create Vertical Well Intersection from the pull down menu.
3. An intersection along the well path will be created and placed under the Proposed Wells
folder in the Input tab of Petrel Explorer.

4. To display data on the intersection, select the intersection in the Input tab and use the
Toggle visualization on plane icon.
5. Display a property on the plane.

164 • Well Design – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Comments
• For creating intersections for all wells in one go, click with the right mouse button on the

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Wells folder and Select Create Vertical Well Intersection from the pull down menu.

Make a side track

The main well and the measured depth at start of the side track can be specified. Sidetracks can
also be created interactively. Digitize a new well and click on the other well where you want it to
be attached.

Exercise Steps
1. Visualize the Well Intersection and the Proposed 3.
2. Note: To make it easier it is better to go back to the original General Intersection plane you
made earlier and display the Proposed 3 well. Remember to put back the Zones and
Segments (they had a filter on) as well as resetting the Porosity Value filter.

3. Click on the Start New Well (Deactivate Old) icon and digitize a sidetrack to the
Proposed Well 3. Hit the main well path (Proposed 3) with the last point and click yes on
the question:

Shell Refresher 2004 Well Design – Slides • 165

 4. Double-click on the new Proposed well (the side track) and go to the Settings in the dialog
box and change the MD value for the starting point.
5. In this settings dialog you can do a lot of changes; switch sidetracked wells, change their

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status etc. Also not that by default Petrel chooses the Advanced algorithm to design the
well. This must be changed by the user to switch to the ‘old’ Spline algorithm.

166 • Well Design – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Dog Leg Severity (DLS)
The Dog Leg Severity can change depending on requirements. First make sure it is displayed

along the well path using the Show/Hide DLS color icon in Function bar.

Exercise Steps
1. Visualize the Proposed 3 well in 3D window.
2. Double-click on the Proposed Wells folder to access the Settings > Style tab.

3. Press the icon to be able to change the DLS threshold colors.

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4. Now depress the icon to automatically display the color updates as you scroll with the
DLS limit color arrows. Move the arrow up and down on the color table and see the updated
DLS threshold colors in the 3D window.

Shell Refresher 2004 Well Design – Slides • 167

 Comments
• The coordinates for a designed well can be displayed in a Point Spreadsheet that is
constructed as a spreadsheet. In the spreadsheet, coordinate data can be added, edited or
removed.
• The spreadsheet format makes it easy to copy data to other applications (e.g. MS Excel)
for editing, and then the edited data can easily be imported back to the spreadsheet.

Create synthetic logs

It is possible to sample property values along a well path from any given well trajectory. This
feature is available both for wells that have been designed in Petrel and for imported wells. Only
one value per cell along the well path will be picked, which means that a finer vertical resolution
of the 3D grid gives a more heterogeneous selection of values.

Exercise Steps
1. Double-click on the designed well (Proposed 3 or any of the other proposed wells if they
are better), placed in the Proposed Wells folder in the Input tab to open the Settings dialog.

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2. Select the Make logs tab > From Property tab.
3. Toggle one or more of the available properties (Perm, Porosity, Fluvial Facies) to make
logs from and press the Make logs button. Now these synthetic logs are stored in the Well
Logs folder under the Proposed well.

4. When finished, press OK.

5. Display the synthetic Porosity log on the designed well. It will be show as 2D logs. To view
it as cylindrical logs, double-click on the Porosity [synthetic] itself.

6. Deactivate the Lock icon in the Style tab of the Settings dialog and toggle on Log
curve filling in 3D at the bottom of the dialog window. Press OK.

168 • Well Design – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 7. Now view the synthetic log in 3D. You may also toggle off the Intersection plane to get a
better look.

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Comments
• Clicking the Make Zone log button under the From Zones tab can make a discrete zone log
from zones, sub zones or layers.

Make a well report

The report will give the coordinates (X, Y and Z) where the well enters and exits the zones in the
active 3D grid.

Exercise Steps
1. Double click on a Proposed well to open the Settings dialog.
2. Select the Report tab.
3. Highlight the 3D grid where you want the Petrel to located the Entry and Exit points form

each zone. Drop it into the empty window in the dialog, using the Grid drop-in icon .

Shell Refresher 2004 Well Design – Slides • 169

 4. Click on the Execute button and a well intersection report will be shown in the Display

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window. Copy and paste it into Excel, or save it as a text file.

170 • Well Design – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Exercise – Well Fence

Create an intersection fence between wells

An Intersection Fence is a vertical intersection plane drawn between wells. The alignment is
made either from top, mid or base point of the well paths.

Exercise Steps
1. Right click on the Wells folder in the Petrel Explorer Input tab.
2. Select Create Well Intersection Fence from the pull down menu.
3. A Well Intersection Fence object will be inserted in the Wells folder (bottom).
4. Double-click on the Well Intersection Fence and select the Wells tab.

5. Select a well in the Petrel Explorer. Press the insert icon to insert it in the end of the
table or press icon to insert it above a selected well in the table. Repeat this for all
wells to be used in the Intersection Fence. To use all wells in a folder click on the wells
folder instead.

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6. To remove a well from the table, select it and click on the icon Remove selected well from
the list .
7. The intersection fence will be aligned between the wells in the same order as in the table.
To shift the order of the wells, use the up or down arrow.
8. Choose whether the fence is to be aligned at Top, Middle or Bottom of the wells.
9. Click OK.
10. Visualize the Well Intersection Fence together with the wells. Click on the button Toggle
visualization on plane and visualize the seismic on the plane.

Shell Refresher 2004 Well Design – Slides • 171

 Exercise – Well Optimizer

Use target points to create a well

By importing or designing a few points down in the reservoir zone, one can use those as target
point and connect them to an existing well using the well Optimizer option in Petrel Well design.

Exercise Steps
1. Go to Utilities folder in the Process Diagram and select the Make/Edit polygons process.
2. Design 3 points below your Proposed well on the General Intersection plane. These points
will be stored as Polygons in the Input tab. Rename the polygon to ‘Target points’ (settings
> Info tab).
3. Right-click on the polygon and select Convert to Points form the drop-down menu.
4. Double-click on the ‘Target points’ in Input tab and increase the point size to 50 in the Style
tab

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5. Toggle on the points created and view them in the 3D Window.

6. Double-click on the Well Design process in the Process Diagram. Go to Well Optimizer tab
and type in “Test run” as the name of your run.

172 • Well Design – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 7. Press the button under the Cost Model section. A new window will pop up;
use the default settings and click OK (Don’t worry about the cost!).

8. Back in the Well Optimizer dialog, input the ‘Target points’ and the Proposed well from the
Input tab - highlight the two in Input tab and drop them in using the respective Append

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icons .

9. Click Apply (to save the settings) and Run (to create the new well path). The new
Optimized well is stored in a separate folder under Wells in Input tab.

Shell Refresher 2004 Well Design – Slides • 173

 10. Toggle on the new well and view it in the 3D Window. The new well path should go trough
the ’Target points’ and then Petrel, depending on the cost model, will create the most
appropriate well path given the input.

Note: The new well path goes to zero depth and takes the X-Y coordinates from the Proposed
well that you appended as Platform.

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174 • Well Design – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Make a Simple 3D Grid – Slides

Make Simple Grid

What’s New?

• No Pillar Gridding needed

• Used when creating Stair-stepping faults (I-J-K)

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1 © 2004 Schlumberger Information Solutions. All rights reserved.

Shell Refresher 2004 Make a Simple 3D Grid – Slides • 175

 Make Simple Grid
Process Steps – Surface Input
Simple grid can be used as a
first approach for creating a 3D
grid with not much input data. It
can also be used for I-J-K faults. Set Horizons Set Geometry

1. Insert surfaces and specify type

2. Get Automatic settings from a

surface and set Grid Increment

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IJK functionality:
Will stair-step (or IJK-grid) only the faults from the fine grid that has NOT been gridded in the
coarse grid (when running pillar gridding). To be able to runIJK-gridding - first run normal Pillar
gridding but remove all truncated faults (and other faults that you want to stair-step), Then
specify IJK gridding in the Upscaling process. Petrel will find the faults from the fine grid that the
coarse grid is missing and stair-step these. Sometimes the best result can be to not grid ANY
faults in the coarse grid (using i.e. Make Simple grid instead of Pillar Gridding) and let the
algorithm stair-step all the faults from the fine grid.

Pillar Gridding the faults to be inserted into the grid are selected and the pillars are built along
the fault. In IJK faulting the pillars are created first (without regard to the faults) and then the
faults are inserted into the grid using the Scale Up Zones process.

176 • Make a Simple 3D Grid – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Make Simple Grid
Process Steps – Skeleton (Surface/Constant Input)
Simple grid can be used as a
first approach for creating a 3D
grid with not much input data. It
can also be used for I-J-K faults.
Make Skeleton
1. Select Top and Base limit from
the drop down menu.

2. Limits can be a constant or a

surface input.

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3 © 2004 Schlumberger Information Solutions. All rights reserved.

Make Simple Grid

Result

A new 3D Grid is created.

A skeleton grid is created, but this

will follow the structural surfaces.

There is no associated Fault

Model.

4 © 2004 Schlumberger Information Solutions. All rights reserved.

Shell Refresher 2004 Make a Simple 3D Grid – Slides • 177

 Simple 3D Grid – Exercise

Make Simple Grid

In an early stage of model building it may be an idea to test out the main surfaces generated
from seismic interpretations. Simple properties can also be generated here, without going trough
the steps of Fault Modeling and Pillar Gridding.

Exercise Steps
1. Use the Day1_Shell_Intro.pet project.

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2. Go to Utilities in Process Diagram and double-click on the Make Simple Grid process.
3. In Input data tab, select ‘Insert horizons’. Insert the four time surfaces.

4. In Geometry tab, highlight Base Cretaceous and press the ‘Get limits from selected’ button
5. Go to Models tab and visualize the new 3D grid in a 3D window.

178 • Make a Simple 3D Grid – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 API – Slides

API
Advanced Programming Interface

Certain objects in Petrel can be controlled by the Ocean

Advanced Programming Interface (API). This allows
programmers to write plugins in C++ that can be used within

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Petrel as though they were a standard part of Petrel.

Note that Plugins are NOT part of Petrel

and hence not supported as such.

1 © 2004 Schlumberger Information Solutions. All rights reserved.

Plugins are written in the C# programming language and require an Ocean API development
license. Users wishing to write their own plugins are advised to get a thorough grounding in C#
and the Microsoft development environment before they begin. Documentation for the API
syntax is supplied together with the Ocean API development kit.
Once a plugin has been compiled it will exist as a *.dll file which can be accessed and used by
any user without the need for any additional licenses.

Shell Refresher 2004 API – Slides • 179

 API
Objects available via API

Not all of the objects in Petrel are accessible via the API. The current
implementation includes:

3D grid – Access to the grid geometry. This includes horizons, faults and zones
(read only).
3D Properties – The property values in each of the cells and a list of the upscaled
cells (read-write).
Well Path – The location of the well in each of the available depth scales and MD
(read-write).
Well logs – The value of a log at a particular MD in a particular well (read-write).

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2 © 2004 Schlumberger Information Solutions. All rights reserved.

Developers can get access to objects inside Petrel when writing their code. They have read
access to the 3D grid - all available information (position of each cell, properties etc.) can then
be used in their code.

180 • API – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 API
How to Run a Plugin - 1

1. Make sure the .dll’s are in the Plugins

folder under Petrel 2004 installation

2. In order to allow Petrel to correctly

see the plugin, go to Tools-System
Settings menu and select the
Company Profile tab. Enter the
location where the plugin was
installed.

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4 © 2004 Schlumberger Information Solutions. All rights reserved.

API
How to Run a Plugin - 2

3. Close Petrel and open Petrel again;

it should now locate the plugins.

4. Go to Plugins folder in the Process

Diagram and double-click on one.

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Shell Refresher 2004 API – Slides • 181

 API
How to Run a Plugin – Process Manager

5. Plugins can also be

run using the Process
Manager

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Petrel 2004 Plugins

Shell additions to the Petrel 2004 release

1st batch: released June 2005
SIEP B.V.
Copyright 2000

182 • API – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Plug-in overview:

• Rock4D
• SneSIM
• RMKB/GST
• Connection to Well Completion
• Adjacent Cell

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SIEP B.V.
Copyright 2001

Rock4D:
ROCK4D is a plugin that converts reservoir
properties out of reservoir simulation into acoustic
properties and impedances.

These acoustic properties can be used to compute

synthetic seismograms as part of 4D close-the-loop
workflows.
SIEP B.V.
Copyright 2001

Shell Refresher 2004 API – Slides • 183

 SneSIM:
The Stanford Single Normal Equation Simulation is
a geo-statistical approach using 3D trends calibrated
from seismic attributes during facies data analysis,
which uses training images instead of variograms
giving results with more geological appearance.

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SIEP B.V.
Copyright 2001

RMKB/GST:
This plugin will invoke the Web-based RMKB/GST
system from within Petrel.

The Reservoir Modeling Knowledge Base manages

and provides analogue data to structural modelers.

Petrel users building a (new) model will benefit from

obtaining body modeling input parameters (like
width/thickness distributions) from this knowledge
base.
SIEP B.V.
Copyright 2001

184 • API – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 Connection to Well Completion:
This plug-in aims to identify bodies connected to
perforated well intervals within a drainage radius.
The bodies are located by "tracking" a given Facies
value through the 3D grid.

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SIEP B.V.
Copyright 2001

Adjacent Cell:
The AdjacentCell calculation plug-in creates up to 6
new properties in each cell.

These properties will contain the value of a user-

defined source property obtained from a neighboring
cell.
SIEP B.V.
Copyright 2001

Shell Refresher 2004 API – Slides • 185

 Standard Plug-in input dialog:

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SIEP B.V.
Copyright 2001

Example of on-line Plug-in Help:

SIEP B.V.
Copyright 2001

186 • API – Slides Shell Refresher 2004

 More info:

See the Petrel Newsletter for more information

about the Shell plug-ins for Petrel 2004.

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SIEP B.V.
Copyright 2001

Shell Refresher 2004 API – Slides • 187