Station 1: Trig Identities

Prove the following trig identities.

1 secθsinθ
1. secx−tanxsinx = secx 2.
2
=si n θ
tanθ+ cotθ

secθ tanθ
3. −
cosθ cotθ
=1 4. co s 2 2 2
y−si n y=1−2 si n y

1+ cosx
5. sinx
=cscx+ cotx 6. ta n xsi n
2 2 2
x=tan x−si n x
2

1+ sinx cosx
7. cs c 2 2
xta n x−1=tan x
2
8. +
cosx 1+sinx
=2 se cx

√
2 2 2
si n x+ co s x +co t x 1−sinθ 1
9. 2
1+ ta n x
2
=co t x 10. =
1+ sinθ secθ +tanθ
 Station 2: Sum and Difference Formulas

7π 13 π 11 π 19 π
1. cos 2. sin 3. cos 4. cos
12 12 12 12

17 π π −7 π −5 π
5. sin 6. tan 7. cos 8. csc
12 12 12 12

−17 π 23 π −π −7 π
9. sec 10. tan 11. csc 12. cot
12 12 12 12

−5 3π 3 π 3 3π
Use cosA = , with π ≤ A ≤ ; sinB= , with 0 ≤ B ≤ ; and tanC= , with π ≤ A ≤ :
13 2 5 2 4 2

13. cos ( A−B) 14. tan(B+C) 15, csc( A−C) 16. sec (B− A)

17. Prove the secant cofunction identity

 Station 3: Double Angle Formulas

1. Show how to find the formulas for the following:

a . sin2 θ=¿ b.cos2 θ=¿ c. tan2 θ=¿

−20 3π 3 π
2. tan α = , with <α <2 π ; sinB= , with 0 ≤ B ≤
21 2 5 2

a. sin2α b. cos2α c. tan2α d. sin2 β e. cos2 β f. tan2 β

g. csc2α h. sec2α i. cot2α j. csc2 β k. sec2 β l. cot2 β

 Station 4: Half Angle Identities

1. Derive the cosine half-angle formula from one of the cosine double
angle formulas.

2. Derive the sine half-angle formula from one of the cosine double angle
formulas.

3π
3. Determine the six trigonometric ratios for 8 .

−5 π
4. Determine the six trigonometric ratios for 12 .

5. Conditions: tan α =√ 15 and cos α <0

a . sin ( α2 ) b. 5 cos ( α2 ) c. −tan ( α2 )

d. csc 2 ( α) ()
α
e. sec 2 f. cot 2 (α)
 Station 5: Using Identities to Rewrite and Evaluate Expressions

Simplify the following expressions to write them as one term. Then evaluate
when possible.
6π
2 tan( )
2 10 π 2 10 π 2 π 2 3π 16
1) cos ❑ ( 16 )−sin❑ ( 16 ) 2) 2 cos ❑ ( 12 )−2 sin❑ ( 8 ) 3) 6π
1−tan❑2( )
16

√
3π 3π π π
1+ cos( )
4) 2 sin(
8
)cos (
8
) 5)1−2 sin (
2
12
) 6) 20
2

√
2 7 2 7
8π 3π
1−cos ( )
7)co s ( 8 π )−si n ( 8 π ) 8) 9 9) 2cos2( 8 )-1
2
2π
sin( )
11) cos ( 2 − 16 )
7 π π −3 π
10) 12) −tan( )
1+ cos
2π
7 ( ) 10

Simplify the following expressions to write them as one term. You do not need
to evaluate the expression.
3π 2π 3π 2π
13) sin( 8 )cos( 7 )+cos ( 8 )sin( 7 ) 14) cos (6) cos(5)−sin(−5)sin(6)

√
π π
tan()−tan ( ) π
15 10 1+ cos
15) π π
16) 14
1+ tan❑❑( )tan ( ) 2
15 10
 Station 6: Solving Equations

For each of the equations in #1-18below:

1) Write the solutions from [0,2π)
2) Write the expression for the set of infinite solutions.
3) Check your solutions on a graph (unit circle or coordinate plane).
1. 2 sin❑2 x−5 sin x=−2 2. 3 cos (2 x )−5 cos x=1
3. sin❑2 x+2 sin (−x)−3=0 4. 2 tanx cosx +2 cos x=tan x+1
5. 2 sin❑2 x−1=0 6. cos x sin(2 x)=0
7. cos (−x)=3 cos x−2 8. sec x=1+ tan x
9. tan x=sin x 10. cos (2 x)+sin x=1
11. √ 3 tan❑ x=tan x
2
12. 2 tan ❑2 x+ 2 sec x −2=0
2 4 4
13. csc ❑ x+ csc x + =0 14. cosx sinx−4 sinx−cosx +4=0
√3 3
π
15. 2 secx=cos x +1 16. sin( x− )=cos x−1
2
17. 4 sec❑2 x−5=tan❑2 x 18. cos x +sin x=1
19. sec (4 x )=1

20.
a. Determine how many solutions the equation tan x=1 has over the interval ¿.
b. Determine how many solutions the equation tan6 x =1 has over the interval ¿.
x
c. Determine how many solutions the equation tan =1 has over the interval ¿.
2
21. This is the graph of y = (cos x)(sin2x -1). Write the set of infinite solutions for 0 = (cos x)(sin2x -1).

Station 7: Evaluating Composition of Trig & Inverse Trig Functions

(Rationalize completely)

4 12
1. sin(arccos( )−arccot ( ))
5 5

−4 −13
2. cos (arccos( )−arcsec ( ))
7 5

−5
3. tan(arccsc (3)−arctan( ))
4

−4
4. 5 cos (2 arctan( ))
7

arcsec (−4)
5. sin( )
2

−9
6. 9 sin(2 arcsec( ))
7

❑❑
−2 −1 −2
7. cot (arcsin ( )+ cot❑❑ ( ) )
5 5

( )
1
arcsin ( )
8. cos 3
2
 −1 5
9. csc (arccsc (4 )−sec ❑ ( ))
4

−1 −1 5
10. sec (sec ❑ (5)+ sec ❑ ( ))
4

−1 −4
tan ( )
11. 3
cot ( )
2
 Key to Station 1 (Hints for this station only, not all steps are explained)

1) Start with left side, change to sinx/cosx, common denom.

2) Start with left side, multiply top AND bottom by (sinx)(cosx)
3) Start with left side, common denom, change to sinx/cosx
4) Start with left side, pythag ID
5) Start with left side, split denom
6) Start with left side, Use sin❑2 x=1−cos ❑2 x
7) Start with left side, change to sinx/cosx, pythag ID
8) Start with left side, common denom, pythag ID
9) Start with left side, pythag ID three times, simplify
10) Start with left side, mult. top and bottom by 1+sinx (in order to make numerator one term and
keep denom two terms), then after you deal with square root, divide the numerator and
denominator by cosx
 Key to Station 2

1.
√2−√ 6 8. √ 2−√ 6
4 9. −√ 6−√2
2.
√2−√ 6 10. -2+ √ 3
4 11. −√ 2−√ 6
−√ 2−√ 6 12. 2− √ 3
3.
4 −56
13.
4.
√6−√ 2 65
4 24
14.
−√ 2−√ 6 7
5.
4 65
15.
6. 2− √ 3 33
√2−√ 6 −65
7. 16.
4 56
1
17. secθ=
cosθ
π
sec (θ)=csc ( −θ)
2
1
sec (θ)=
π
sin( −θ)
2
1
sec (θ)=
π π
sin cosθ−cos sinθ
2 2
1
sec (θ)=
1∗cosθ−0∗sinθ
1
sec (θ)=
cosθ
 Key to Station 3
1. a . sin 2θ=sin(θ+ θ)=sinθcosθ+ cosθsinθ=2 sinθcosθ

2 2
b . cos 2 θ=cos(θ +θ)=cosθcosθ−sinθsinθ=co s θ−si n θ
or co s θ−si n θ=1−si n2 θ−si n2 θ=1−2 si n2 θ or
2 2

2 2 2 2 2 2 2
co s θ−si n θ=co s θ−(1−co s θ)=co s θ−1+ cos❑ θ=2 co s θ−1

tanθ +tanθ 2 tanθ

c . tan(2 θ)=tan(θ+θ)= =
1−tanθtanθ 1−ta n2 θ

−840 41 −840 24 7 24 −841 841 −41 25 25 7

2. a) b) c.) d) e) f) g. h. i. j. k) l)
841 841 41 25 25 7 840 41 840 24 7 24
 Key to Station 4

()2 θ ❑ θ
1. Solve cos (θ)=2 cos 2 −1 for cos 2 ()
2. Solve cos (θ)=1−2sin ( 2 ) for sin ( 2 )
θ2 θ ❑

3 π √ 2+ √ 2
3. sin ( 8
=) 2
cos ( 38π )= √2−2 √2

csc ( 38π )= √ 2+2 √ 2 sec ( 38π )= √2−2 √2

tan ( 38π )=1+√ 2 cot ( 38π )=−1+√ 2

 −5 π − √ 2+ √ 3
4. sin ( 12 )
=
2
cos ( −512π )= √2+2 √3

csc ( −512π )= √ 2−−2√3 sec ( −512π )= √2+2 √3

tan ( −512π )= 2−−1√ 3 =−2− √3 cot (−512π )= 2−−1√3 =√3−2

5. a. √ 5 √ 10
8
=
4
b. −5 √ 3 −5 √ 6
8
=
4
c. √3
15

d. √ 8 2 √ 10
5
=
5
e. − √ 8 −2 √ 6
3
=
3
f. √15 = √5
−3 − 15
 Key to Station 5

))=cos ( ) = −√ 2
10 π 2 2 10 π 10 π 5π
1. cos ❑ ( )−sin❑ ( ) =cos (2(
16 16 16 4 2
2 π 2 3π
2. 2 cos ❑ ( )−2 sin❑ ( )
12 8

))cos ( π )+ cos( 3 π ) √ 3 − √2
2 π 2 3π π 3π
2 cos ❑ ( )−1+1−2sin ❑ ( )cos (2( ))+ cos(2(
12 8 12 8 6 4 2 2
6π
2 tan( )
16 6π 3π
3.
2 6π
= tan(2(
16
))= tan(
4 =
) −1
1−tan❑ ( )
16

4) sin ( 34π )= √22 5) cos ( π6 )= √23

) 7) √2
π
6) cos (
40 2
4π −√ 2
8) sin( )9)
9 2
2π π 3π
10) tan( ) 11) sin( ) 12) tan( )
14 16 10
-----------------------------------------------
37 π
13) sin( ) 14) cos (1 )
56

−π π
15) tan( ) 16) cos ( )
30 28
 Key to Station 6
see Desmos for graphs

1. factor by grouping/box method:

π 5π π 5π
a) x= , b) x= +2 πk , +2 πk
6 6 6 6
2. Use cos (2x) identity to change to cos ❑2 x , factor by grouping/box method:
2π 4 π 2π 4π
a) x= , b) x= +2 πk , + 2 πk
3 3 3 3
3. Use odd-function identity, factor:
3π 3π
a) x= b) x= +2 πk
2 2
4. Change to sin x and cos x, clear denominator, factor by grouping
π 3 π 7π 5 π π 3π 5π
a) x= , , , b) x= +2 πk , + πk , +2 πk
3 4 4 3 3 4 3
5. Factor using difference of squares
π 3 π 5π 7 π π 3π
a) x= , , b) x= + πk , + πk
4 4 4 4 4 4
6. Use sin (2x) identity, use Pythagorean ID to change to sin x
π 3π π
a) x=0 , ,π , b) x= k
2 2 2
7. Use even-function identity, use inverse operations
a) x=0 b) x=2 πk
8. Square both sides and use Pythagorean ID
a) x=0 b) x=2 πk
9. Turn in sin x and cos x, factor out a common factor
a) x=0 , π b) x=πk c) try graphing on a unit circle!
2
10. Use cos (2x) to change to sin❑ x , factor
π 5π π 5π
a) x=0 , , ,π b) x= +2 πk , +2 πk , πk
6 6 6 6
11. Factor out a common factor
π 7π π
a) x= ,π , b) x= + πk , πk
6 6 6
12. Use Pythagorean ID, factor by grouping/box method
2π 4 π 2π
a) x=0 , , b) x= k
3 3 3
13. Clear the denominator, factor by grouping/box method
4 π 5π 4π 5π
a) x= , b) x= +2 πk , +2 πk
3 3 3 3
14. Factor by grouping
π π
a) x= b) x= +2 πk
2 2
15. Change to cos x, clear the denominator, factor
a) x=0 b) x=2 πk
16. Use sin difference formula, simplify, solve linear equation
π 5π π 5π
a) x= , b) x= +2 πk , +2 πk
3 3 3 3
17. Use Pythagorean ID, factor by difference of squares
 π 5 π 7 π 11 π π 5π
a) x= , , b) x= + πk , + πk
6 6 6 6 6 4
18. Square both sides, use Pythagorean ID to change to cos x
π π
a) x=0 , b) x= +2 πk ,2 πk
2 2
19. Solve 4x= 0, 4x= 2π, 4x= 4π, 4x= 6π….
π 3π π
a) x=0 , ,π , b) x= k
2 2 2
20.a) 2 b) 12 c) 1
π
21. Infinite Solutions: + πk
2
 Key to Station 7
16
1) 65

20+12 √ 33
2)
91

4 √ 2+20 180+82 √2
3) =
16−5 √ 2 103

33
4) 13

8√
5) 5 =√ 10/4
−56 √2
6)
9

2 √ 21−10 58 √21−250
7) =
−4−5 √ 21 509

√
8) 3+ 2 √ 2 =√ 18+12 √2/6
6

−80−60 √ 15
9)
119

25 −2+3 √ 6
10) =
4−6 √ 6 4
11) -2