REVA

UNIVERSITY
Bengaluru, India

SCHOOL OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

A MAJOR PROJECT PROGRESS REPORT

ON
"FIRE EXTINGUISHER DRONE"

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

Submitted by

Shaik Adil Nadeem (R18EC277)

Shaik Mohammed Noor (R18EC278)
Shashank Venkatesh (R18EC281)
Shiva Kundan PR (R18EC282)

Under the guidance of

Dr. Venkateshappa
School of ECE
REVA University

Dec 2021
Rukmini Knowledge Park, Kattigenahalli, Yelahanka, Bengaluru-560064
www.reva.edu.in

JAGUARS BATCH-32 Prof. Venkateshappa

 REVA
UNIVERSITY
Bengaluru, India

School of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Course Code: Year: 2021-2022

B18EC7060 Major Project Progress Report Sem: 7h

Prcject Group Members Details

Group No: Group Name:
SI. Student
SRN Full Name Section
No Signature
1 R18EC277 Shaik Adil Nadeem 7B
2 R18EC278 Shaik Mohammed Noor 7B
3 R18EC281 Shashank Venkatesh 7B

4 R18EC282 Shiva Kundan P R 7B

Project Details
Project Title:
FIRE EXTINGUISHER DRONE

Guide Details Name: Prof.Venkateshappa Mobile No:

Designation: Professor,school of ECE 9980261535
Remarks by Guide:
Guíde Signatüre

Date: 022

JAGUARS BATCH-32 Prof. Venkateshappa

 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Table of Contents
List of Figures
List of Tables 111

Abstract me t
1 Introduction 2
1.1 toor for 3
1.2 A

2 Literature Survey 5
2.1 6

3 Proposed Work 7
3.1 Block Diagram 8
3.2 Flow Chart 9

4 Hardware & Software Description 10

4.1 Hardware Description 11
4.2 Software Description 12

5 Progress Achieved
5.1 Project planning & Timeline 13
5.2 Implementation Details 14
5.3 Results & Analysis (if any) 15

6 Patent/ Paper Progress 16

References 17
Bill of Materials 18

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 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure no. Name

4.2.1 Ardupilot apm 2.8 flight controller board

4.2.2 Dji f550 hexacopter frame kit

4.2.3 Brushless Motor for Hexacaopter

4.2.4 30A Brushless ESC

4.2.5 1045 propeller 10in 10x4.5 for Drone

4.2.6 Flysky FS-i6 2.4G 10CH TX-RX

4.2.7 APM Pixhawk Power Module withXt60

4.2.8 3D printed Shock Absorber Anti-Vibration set for Apm

Pixhawk

4.2.9 Li-Po Battery

4.2.10 Gripper arm

4.2.11 Fire Extuinguisher ball

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 ABSTRACT

The flying vehicles which operate from the remote control area are stated as Unmanned Aerial
vehicle(UA V). In the way offuture the Fire Extinguisher Drones have major roles. They can take
the risk which the human had to take to do the critical fire extinguishing work. The Fire fighters
have to do same critical work and they have to risk their lives. So, to lower down the risk we
designed this Drone. It is a Hexacopter Drone, that is designed to carry the fire extinguisher ball
which is a compose of powdered CO2. The fire extinguisher ball is caried with the help of
clamping device, which has a lock that operate from ground station through which we can drop
the fire extinguisher ball on the fire, In this prototype we are using a PVC ball. Advantage of
PYC fire extinguisher ball is that we can carry out a ball easily compare to water and is light
weighted. It is highlyefficientfire extinguisher than the water. The Hexacopter drone are design
for heavy lifting. There are six brushless motors used, where three of them are clockwise and
three of them counter clockwise to maintain stability.

1-INTRODUCTION
To protect and save lives and properties, extinguish fires are the main goals offire fighters. Until
Recently trucks, ladders, and hoses such a low or insufficient technologies are in use at many of
places. But now fire-fighting drones are replacing this low tech machines. As compared to the
old methods drones are more help full to overcome fire. Fires have lead to huge losses of life and
property throughout history. Fast access to the fire and instant extinguishing is key to countering
fire threats. Here are the problems firefighters face in various situations:

1. Forest Wildfires: Wildfires that start in central forest areas are difficult to get to and by the
time firefighters reach there with watertanks/fire brigade vehicles the fires already spread to
other areas.

2. Fires in high buildings: Fire fighting vehicles provide water for spraying on high building
fires leading to heavy losses.
3. Fires in homes: Fire fighters need to manualy get into homes and fire emergency areas
risking their lives to put out thosefires.

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9
09
 2-LITERATURE SURVEY
References Title Author Methodology
& year
Wildfire fighting | Burchan et He demonstrated the use of Drone assisted wildfire
1.
usingfire al. (2019) fighting using fire extinguishing balls as a supplement
to traditional firefighting methods. The proposed
extinguishing
balls System was a hexacopter with a payload weighing 15
kg and balls of weight 0.5kg each. It consists of |

unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) to detect

Scouting
spotfires and evaluating the risk of wildfire approach
to the building. It also sends the relative data of the

firefighting UAS to help them to control the situation

UAVfor the Abdulla Al He developed autonomous UAV for the critical |

2.
critical Kaff et al. applications of forest fire surveillance. Algorithms
applications of (2019) implemented into the device to perform surveillance
tasks within a specific area, to perform autonomous
forest fire
surveillance. take-oflanding, trajectory planning and fire
monitoring. This design is equipped with thermal
cameras, temperature sensors and communication
modules to provide information about the fire and
reporting to the Emergency Response Team (ERT).

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 3. Autonomous Manyj et al. | He proposed the use of semi autonomous drones for
firefighting operations rather than putting the life of
drones for (2019)
|fAirefighting firefighter at risk. The paper provides information
operations about improvement on the existing hexacopter to
obtain stable flight, gather and store Global|
data and perform auto-
Positioning System (GPS)
landing. The system was fitted with a fire extinguisher
and any such mechanism for firefighting operations.
Two successive models were made and tested and
results found have positive outcomes in favour of
research.

Unmanned Dr. Ronald He discussed the concept and issues related to the
4.
aerial systems in T. et al. unmanned aerial systems in the fire service. Emphasis

the fire service (2018 is placed on airworthiness of the drone, command and
control of the drones and crash avoidance.

Recommenda include continued field testing on

UASs, surveying fire chiefs to access opinions on UAS

implementation. And coordination between the

Federal Aviation administration (FAA) and fire chiefs

in regulation development on UAS technology use in

the fire service.

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 3-METHODOLOGY
The signals will be transmitted from Transmitter and it will be recetved by the Receiver in the
drone. From the receiver the signal goes to the Flight controller. The processed signal will be
sent to the ESC, which allows the specific amount to the motor based on the signalit
receives. The propellers are mechanically coupled to the motors so that they rotate and produce
thrust. A servo motor controlled through a Transmitter, is used to open the shell in which the
Fire Extinguisher Ball is kept inside.

3.1 Block Diagram

Remote
Transmitter

Servo Motors

Receiver
Battery Power
Supply
5V
MECHANICAL COUPLING
Electronics Speed
Controller (ESC)
Signal

Signal Signal Gripper Arms

CFire Extinguisher
Brushless Motors Ball)

Flight
Controller
Board
5v

Propellers

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 3.2 Flow Chart/ Algorithm

START

SIGNAL

TRANSMISsION

Signal

Signal
SIGNAL
RECEPTION
SERVO
Signal
DIRECTION MOTOR
CONTROLLER Yes No

GRIPPER GRIPPER
ARMS ARMS
ESC(CONTROLL OPEN CLOSED

Clock wise
MOTOR(1,3, INGTHE
5) ROTATIONOF
MOTORS MOTORS(2,
4,6)
Anti-Clock wise

END

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 4HARDWARE
- DESCRIPTION
4.1.1 Ardupilot apm 2.8 flight controller board 2This is the new APM 2.8

Flight Controller autopilot module. The sensors are exactly the same as with APM2.6,
this version is ideal for use with multi-copters and rovers. The APM 2.8 is a complete
open source autopilot system. It allows the user to turn any fixed, rotary wing or

multirotor vehicle (even cars and boats) into a fully autonomous vehicle; capable of
performing programmed GPS missions with waypoints. Available with top or side
connectors. This revision of the board is designed for vehicles (especially multi-copters
and rovers) where the compass should be placed as far frompower and motor sources as
possible to avoid magnetic interference. On fixed wing aircraft it's often easier to mount
APM far enough away from the motors and ESCs to avoid magnetic interference.APM
2.8 has an onboard compass so this is designed to be used with the 3DR uBlox GPS with

Compass so that the GPS/Compass unit can be mounted further from noise sources tha

APM itself.
Features:
Arduino Compatible
Built-in compass
Onboard 4 MegaByte Data flash chip for automatic data logging
Optional of-board GPS, uBlox LEA-6H module with Compass.

SB

ARDUoPTER

FORSARD GPS

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 4.1.2 Dii f550 hexacopter frame kit: DJI F550 is a hexacopter frame kit made of very
strong material. Iis arms are made of PA66-30GF polyamide ylon material that is ulra-strong
and provides better resistance on a hard landing. Theframe läit includes a high strength compound
PCB material that makes the wiring of ESCs and battery very easy and safe. The complete frame
has enough space to ft the autopilot system between the top and bottom plates of the frame wheel.
I has 2 red, 2 black, and 2 white arms that improve the visual orientation in flight.

Features:
Made of super-strong material
Enough space to autopilot system between the top and bottom plates of theframe wheel
Arms witha different color to improve visual orientation
in flight
Easy and safe to assemble and disassemble

Specification:
Item Name: FS50 550mm Hexa-Rotor Racing Frame Kit

Wheelbase: 550mm

Material of FrameArm: Fiber + Nylon

Color of Am: White + Black + Red

Weight: 424g
- Can directly connect the ESC andpower cable to center board

SA

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4.1.3 Brushless Motorfor Hexacaopter:The selected motor is A2212. The specification
ofthe selected motor is 1000KV UAV brushless motor ldeal to work with 304 ESC(Electronic
speed control) Eficiency current (maximum): 4-10A (>7596) «Current (no load): 0.54 The
selection of the motor depends on the weight that has to be carried by it. The OD weight would
casily produce an unstable flight and therefore the control algorithm has to be accurate. The
amount of rpm per volt depends upon the QD weight and size

4,1.4 30A Brushless ESC;The required ESC needed to run tihe motor is 304. The modes of
electronic speed control depends on the aerial platform used and a throttle range that can be
programmed and compatible with all transmitters available in the market. It weight's about 25g
has lot of uses such as superior current endurance, protection features,

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 4.1.5 1045 propeller 10in 10x4,5 for Drone
Deanellers are devices that transform rotary motion into Propellers for Drones
and AS
Propell
linear thrust. Drone
liftfor the rcraft by spinning and creating an
aircr propellers proviae
airflow, which results in a pressure difference
a
hetween
be the top and bottom surfaces of the propeller. The propellers this FFD
in either clockwise
to design are in
the rotates or anti clock wise in
direction.
We are using a 1045
Propeller ,Diameter: 10inch, Pitch:
4.5inch, Propeller diameter: 25.4cm,
Centre bore diameter : ómm front and 9mm
reverse side, Centre seat TH:
ómm, Weight: about
14g/pair

4.1.6 Flysky FS-i6 2.4G 10CH TX-RX:F}ysky FS-ió is a Transreceiver that works in the
Jrequency range of 2.405 to 2.475GHz. Ihis brand has been divided into 142 independent

channels, each radio system uses 16 different channels and 160 diferent bpes of hopping

algorithm.
his radio system uses a high gain and high-quality multi-directional antenna, it covers the

receiver, this radio system guarantees

whole frequency band. Associated with a high sensitivity
a

Jamingfree long-range radio transmission.

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Prof. Venkateshappa
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Cach transmitter has a unmque Dwhen
binding with a receiver, the receiver saves that
n and accept only
can data jrom the unique
unique transmitter. this avoids
picking another transmitter
signd and dramaticaly increase interference immunity and
safety.
radio system
This uses low power electronic
components and sensitive receiver chip. The RF
nhlation
mo
uses intermittent signal thus reducing even more power consumption.
AFHDS2A system has the automatic
identification function, which can switch automaticaly
current mode between single-way communication mode and two-way communication mode
according to the customer needs. AFHDS2A has built-in multiple channel coding and error
correction, which improve the stability of the communication, reduce the error ratio and extend
the reliable transmission distance.

FS-16 s2

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Prof. Venkateshappa
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 1.7 PM Pixha hawk
anly for the jightPower Module
controller, along with withXt60 Power
nower lcturrent information aboutmodules
les
provide regulated
a
The voltage
information is used to
determine the
battery voltage and current.
inmate remaining
e s t i m a

battery capacity. consumed power, and to hence to

haput voltage:
(2 8S)
6-30V

Output voltage:
5.3V+0.1
current: 3A
Maximum ouiput
Maximum current: 904
Maximum voliage: 3 0

41.8 3D printed Shock Absorber Anti-Vibration set for Apm

shock absorber is needed for you. The
IXhawk: Ifa drone is made then Anti-vibration
vibration while driving.
05orber is used to protect yourflight controllerfrom
Anti-vibration Set Shock Absorber
is universal
Glass Fiber Flight Controller
ns applications, This
mount has a list of usefiul
rIM/KKIMWC/PixHawk vibration damping

provides mounting to Flight controller isolation.

the free camera

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Prof. Venkateshappa
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I absor vibration, the center supported plate is
Le

ideal for sensitive

flush flat-bottomn electronics and cameras.
The mounting allows bolt or
ectangle mount can be used on a tape style attachment.
The number of Flight controllers, such as APM Pixhawk as
the
w e l la s Mobius camera or even a
GoPro
Suit for
turned sideways, And comes with some additional
mounti
tape. diferent open source flight
2,4 etc.
controller, ike APM 2.5/2.6/2.8, KK, MWC,
andPixhawk

4.1.9Li-Po Battery:
Li-ion batteries have a very high-power density, which means they can simply pack more power

cells than lithium-polymer batteries. Smartphone makers use this attribute to packmorepower
still maintaining a sleek design profile. ... Li-polymer batteries are more rigid and lightweight.

Balancee
Main Leaad Lead
earLang.o

batteY
Cell Count
DRON LiPo
and Voltage
I500nmAh5ea
Protes
sional

C-Rating
Capacity
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Prof. Venkateshappa
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4.1.10 Gripper Arms:
In Gripper arm is used to hold the Fire Extuinguisher ball the motor
opens it arms when it
receives the signalfrom receiver.

4.1.11 Fire extuinguisher ball

The Fire X Fire Extinguisher Ball is a round-shaped fire extinguisher that self-activates after

about three to five seconds offire exposure. I disperses non-toxic extinguishing chemicals, and
it can extinguish fires within a three-cubic meter radius.

Fire Extinguisher Bal

AFOAUTO FIRECR

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5-PROGRESS ACHIEVED
PRG6RE
5,1 Project planning & Timeline
For Phasel: In this phase, we
stydied about the required components and there
to build the prototype runeu
For Phase 2: The Components have been ordered and we will
end by the semester.
complete the 50% of the project Dy

5.2 Implementation Details

We have ordered the components.
Implementation of it will be done and 50% of the model will be ready by end of
the semester

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 6-PATENT/PAPER PROGRESS
We are aiming to write a patent on Fire Extuinguisher Drone the
application of it will submitted
by end of semester.

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 REFERENCES
IRE FIGHTING DRONE", Abinesh.D. V,
Ananthi.
K Sri Krishna College
Deepak.A.K, Chandraprakash.K, Gowtham.M,
of Engineering
and Technology,
TanOvative and Emerging Research in Engineering Volume 4, International Journal of
Low Resolution Person Detection with Moving Thermal
a
Special Issue 1, NCIARZK17
2
Infrared
Classification Michael Teutsch1, Thomas Muller1, Marco Huber2, andCamera", by HotSpot
Fraunhofer 10SB, Karlsruhe, Germany 2AGT International, Darmstadt,J'urgen Beyerer!
michael.teutsch, thomas.mueller, juergen.beyerer}@iosb.fraunhofer.de Germany
marco.huber@ieee.org. 2017
3
Fire Detection and Human Behaviour", B. B.
Borehamwood Herts WD6 2BL, UK.
PIGOTT Fire Research Station
4 https://www.droneffy.com/fire-fighting-drones-drones-in-feild-of-infographic
5 "Automatic CO2 Extinguisher Fire Fighting Drone", by Ethara Bala Vyshnavi, Amareswari
Ambati, Gorantla Chamundeswari, Garre Vineetha,
Dr.SkKhamuruddeen, Faculty Dept.of
ECE, in (LJERECE) Vol 4, Issue 12, December 2017
6 "Use of Fire-Extinguishing Bals for a
Conceptual System of Drone-Assisted Wildfire
Fighting". Burchan Aydin, Emre Sehvi, Jian Tao and Michael J. Starek, Published: 12
February 2019.
7 An article "fire fighting drone using CO2 ball extinguisher" by Yuvraj Akhade, Akash
on

Kasar, Anyja Honrao, nehal Girme in IJIRCCE vol. 5, issue 2, February 2017

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 8 Bill of Material
SI.No Items Rate Quantity Amount
Ardupilot APM 2.8 Flight Control Board 3849
DJI FS50 Hexacopter Frame kit 1599
A2212 100OK VBrushless Motors 2454
ESC 2868
Propellers 255
Flysky FS-i610CH TX-CH 4899
Shock absorber anti vibrator 249
Gripper Arm 600
9 Fire Extuinguisher Ball 900

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