OBJECTIVES:

!. Explore Descriptive Statistics

2. Collect and Organize Data

3. Describe a set of data using the measures of variability.

Part II. Using the collected data in Part 1, construct the following:

1. ARRAY OF DATA SET

5 5 5 6 6 6 8 9 9 9
9 9 10 10 10 10 11 11 12 12
13 13 13 13 14 14 14 14 14 14
14 14 15 15 15 15 16 16 17 17
17 17 17 18 18 18 18 18 19 20
18

Figure 1.0

2. FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION TABLE

Class Frequency Class RF <CF >CF

Interval (f) Mark CB RF (%)
(x)
23-25 0 24 22.5-25.5 0 0% 51 6
20-22 1 21 19.5-22.5 0.019 1.96% 51 6
6
17-19 11 18 16.5-19.5 0.216 21.6% 50 7
14-16 14 15 13.5-16.5 0.275 27.5% 39 18
11-13 9 12 10.5-13.5 0.176 17.6% 25 32
8-10 10 9 7.5-10.5 0.196 19.6% 16 41
5-7 6 6 4.5-7.5 0.118 11.8% 6 51
N=51 =100
Figure 1.1

Range: Class Interval: Class Size:

Range=HV −LV Class ¿ ¿

CI= 1+3.3LogN
Range
Range=20−5 i=
CI= 1+3.3Log51 CI
R = 15 15
CI= 1+5.63 i=
7

CI=6.63 or 7 i=2.14∨3
 3. Measures of Central Tendency
a. Mean

Class Interval Frequency Class Mark (x) f(x)

23-25 0 24 0
20-22 1 21 21
17-19 11 18 198
14-16 14 15 210
11-13 9 12 108
8-10 10 9 90
5-7 6 6 36
∑ f ( x )=663
Figure 1.2

To find the mean of the grouped data of the scores of 51 students:

x=
∑ f (x)
N

The mean is calculated and appeared equal to 13. Therefore, the mean x=13 .

b. Median

Class Interval Frequency Class Boundary <CF

23-25 0 22.5-25.5 51
20-22 1 19.5-22.5 51
17-19 11 16.5-19.5 50
14-16 14 13.5-16.5 39
11-13 9 10.5-13.5 25
8-10 10 7.5-10.5 16
5-7 6 4.5-7.5 6
Figure 1.3

To find the median of the grouped data of scores of 51 students:

( )
N
−CF b
2
x=LB MC + (i)
F Mc

N 51
= =25.5
2 2

c. Mode
 Class Interval Frequency Class Boundary

23-25 0 22.5-25.5
20-22 1 19.5-22.5
17-19 11 16.5-19.5
14-16 14 13.5-16.5
11-13 9 10.5-13.5
8-10 10 7.5-10.5
5-7 6 4.5-7.5
Figure 1.4

To find the mode, the most occurring data in the table:

^x =13.5+1.875
(
^x =LB MO +
D1
D 1+ D 2 )
(i )
^x =15.38 ← Mode of Grouped data

D 1=F MO −Fb
^x =13.5+
5
5+3 ( )
( 3)

D 2=F MO −F a
^x =13.5+ ( 58 ) ( 3)
^x =13.5+ ( 0.625 )( 3 )
4. Measures of Variability
To calculate the measure of variability using the given grouped data:

CL f x f(x) |x−x| f |x −x| (x−x )

2
f (x−x)
2

23-25 0 24 0 11 0 121 0
20-22 1 21 21 8 8 64 64
17-19 11 18 198 5 55 25 275
14-16 14 15 210 2 28 4 56
11-13 9 12 108 1 9 1 9
8-10 10 9 90 4 40 16 160
5-7 6 6 36 7 42 49 294
=182 =858
Figure 2.0

a. MAD b. Variance c. Standard Deviation

MAD=
∑ f |x−x| 2
s=
∑ f (x−x ) SD=√ 17.16
N N−1
SD=4.14 2
182 2 858
MAD= =3.57 s=
51 51−1
3.57 ← M AD 2 858
s=
50
2
s =17.16
PT2: Normal Distribution

I. Objective: To develop critical thinking by solving real life problems using areas under
the normal curve.
Using the computed mean and sample standard deviation in PT1:
1. If the passing score is 12, find the percentage and number of students who passed
the quiz.
2. Find the percentage and number of students whose scores are between 8 and 18.

3. Find the number of students whose scores are between the mean and z = -1.
4. What is the probability that the students will pass the quiz if they get a score of at
least 10?
5. Solve for the top 30% of the score and determine the number of students.
6. Suppose you decide to give another quiz to students belonging to lowest 20%, what
must be the score of a student in order not to take a remedial quiz?
Answers:
1.) If the passing score is 12, find the percentage and number of students who passed
the quiz.
Answer: The percentage of students who passed at a given passing score that is 12 is
59.87% and there are 31
students who passed out
of 51.

1 5 9 13 17 21 25

Figure 3.0

Solution:
A=0.0978+0.5
To find the percentage
A=0.5987∨59.87 %
and the number of students who passed in a passing score of 12:
x−x N × A=51× 0.5987=30.53
z=
σ
N × A=31← the number of students who passed
12−13
z=
4
−1
z=
4
z=−0.25
A=0.0978
 2.) Find the percentage and
number of students
whose scores are
between 8 and
18.

Answer:

The percentage of students whose score is between 8 and 18 is 78.88%, while the number
of students out 51 who was sampled to take a quiz whose score are between 8 and 18 is 40.
There are 40 students whose score
A=0 .3944+0. 3944
is between 8 and 18.
A=0.7888∨78.88 %
N × A=51× 0 .7888=40.23
N × A=40 ← the number of students wh ose score
are between 8∧18

1 5 9 13 17 21 25

Figure 3.1

Solution:

x−x x−x
z= z=
σ σ

8−13 18−13
z= z=
4 3.) 4 Find the number of students whose scores are
between the mean and z = -1.
−5 5
z= z=
4 4 Answer: There are 17 students whose score are
z=−1 .25 z=1.25 between the mean and z = -1.

A=0.3944 A=0.3944
z=−1
A=0.3413∨34.13 %
N × A=51× 0.3413=17.4 1
N × A=17 ← students whose score are between mean∧¿ z=−1

1 5 9 13 17 21 25

Figure 3.2

Solution:

To find the number of

students whose score are
between z = -1:

4.) What is the probability that the students will pass the quiz if they get a score of at
least 10?
Answer: There are 39 students whose score are greater than or equal to 10, thus the
probability that the students will pass is 77.33%

A=0. 2734+0.5
A=0.7734∨77.34 % ← Probability if they get atleast 10
N × A=51× 0.7734=3 9. 44
N × A=3 9 ←the number of stu dent who passed

1 5
9 13 17
21 25

Figure 3.3
Solution:
To find the probability of students that will pass the quiz if they get a score at least 10:
 x−x
z=
σ

10−13
z=
4
−3
z=
4
z=−0. 7 5
A=0. 2734

5.) Solve for the top 30% of the score and determine the number of students.
Answer: The minimum score for the top 30% is 15, and the number of students who got
into the upper 30% is 16.

1 5 9 13 17 21 25

A=0 .5−0.1915
A=0.3085∨30.85 %
Figure 3.4
N × A=51× 0.3085=15.73
Solution:
N × A=16 ←the number of stu dent whoo got ∈the upper 30 %
To solve for the top 30% of the score and determine the
number of students.
A=0.5−0.3=0.2
A=0.1985 ; z=0.52 ←Closer ¿ 0.2
x−x
A=0.2019 ; z=0.53 z=
σ

15−13
x−13 z=
0.52= 4
4
2
z=
x=13+(0.52)(4) 4

x=13+2.08 z=0.5

x=15.08 A=0.1915

x=15 ← The minimum score of the upper 3 0%

6.) Suppose you decide to give another quiz to students belonging to lowest 20%, what
must be the score of a student in order not to take a remedial quiz?
Answer: The maximum score of students at the lowest 20% who took the 20-item quiz
is 10. Therefore, the score for students not to take the remedial quiz should be equal or
greater than 11.

1 5 9 13 17 21 25