Name Class Date

18.3 
Corresponding Parts
of Congruent Figures
Are Congruent
Resource
Locker
Essential Question: What can you conclude about two figures that are congruent?

Exploring Congruence of Parts of Transformed

Explore  
Figures
You will investigate some conclusions you can make when you know that two figures are congruent.

A Fold a sheet of paper in half. Use a straightedge to draw a triangle on the folded sheet.
Then cut out the triangle, cutting through both layers of paper to produce two congruent
triangles. Label them △ ABC and △ DEF, as shown.

A
B

D
C E

B Place the triangles next to each other on a desktop. Since the triangles are congruent, there
must be a sequence of rigid motions that maps △ ABC to △ DEF. Describe the sequence of
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rigid motions.

C The same sequence of rigid motions that maps △ ABC to △ DEF maps parts of △ ABC to
parts of △DEF. Complete the following.
_ _ _
​ AB​ → ​ BC​ → ​ AC​ →

A → B → C →

D What does Step C tell you about the corresponding parts of the two triangles? Why?

Module 18 909 Lesson 3

 Reflect

1. If you know that △ ABC ≅ △ DEF, what six congruence statements about
segments and angles can you write? Why?

2. Do your findings in this Explore apply to figures J K

other than triangles? For instance, if you know that P Q
quadrilaterals JKLM and PQRS are congruent, can
you make any conclusions about corresponding M L
parts? Why or why not? S R

Explain 1 Corresponding Parts of Congruent Figures

Are Congruent
The following true statement summarizes what you discovered in the Explore.

Corresponding Parts of Congruent Figures Are Congruent

If two figures are congruent, then corresponding sides are congruent and
corresponding angles are congruent.

Example 1 △ ABC ≅ △ DEF. Find the given side length or angle measure.

A DE D
_
Step 1 Find the side that corresponds to DE . A 73°
3.5 cm

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_ _
Since △ABC ≅ △DEF, AB ≅ DE .
2.6 cm 42° 65°
F E
Step 2 Find the unknown length.
B C
DE = AB, and AB = 2.6 cm, 3.7 cm
so DE = 2.6 cm.

B m∠B

Step 1 Find the angle that corresponds to ∠B.

Since △ABC ≅ △DEF, ∠B ≅ ∠ .

Step 2 Find the unknown angle measure.

m∠B = m∠ , and m∠ = °, so m∠B = °.

Module 18 910 Lesson 3

 Reflect

3. Discussion
_ _The triangles shown in the figure are congruent. Can you conclude
that JK ≅ QR? Explain.
K

P
J L

Your Turn

△STU ≅ △VWX. Find the given side length or angle measure.

S X 4. SU
32 ft
18°
W
16 ft
124° 43 ft
T 5. m∠S
38°

U V

Explain 2 Applying the Properties of Congruence

Rigid motions preserve
_ _ length and angle measure. This means that congruent segments have the
same length, so UV ≅ XY implies UV = XY and vice versa. In the same way, congruent
angles have the same measure, so ∠J ≅ ∠K implies m∠J = m∠K and vice versa.

Properties of Congruence
_ _
Reflexive Property of Congruence AB ≅ AB
_ _ _ _
If AB ≅ CD , then CD ≅ AB .
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Symmetric Property of Congruence

_ _ _ _ _ _
Transitive Property of Congruence If AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF , then AB ≅ EF .

Example 2 △ABC ≅ △DEF. Find the given side length or angle measure.

A AB B
(6y + 2)° F
_ _ (3x + 8) in.
Since △ABC ≅ △DEF, AB ≅ DE .
25 in. D
Therefore, AB = DE. A
(5x) in. 83°
Write an equation. 3x + 8 = 5x (5y + 11)° C
E
Subtract 3x from each side. 8 = 2x

Divide each side by 2. 4=x

So, AB = 3x + 8 = 3(4) + 8 = 12 + 8 = 20 in.

Module 18 911 Lesson 3

B m∠D

Since △ABC ≅ △DEF, ∠ ≅ ∠D. Therefore, m∠ = m∠ D.

Write an equation. 5y + = +2

Subtract 5y from each side. 11 = +2

Subtract 2 from each side. =

So, m∠D = (6y + 2)° = 6 ⋅ ( )

+2 °= °.

Your Turn

Quadrilateral GHJK ≅ quadrilateral LMNP. Find the given side length or

angle measure.
18 cm
(4x + 3) cm P L
G H (10y)°
(9y + 17)°

(6x − 13) cm
K

J (11y - 1)°
M
N

6. LM 7. m∠H

Explain 3 Using Congruent Corresponding Parts in a Proof

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Example 3 Write each proof. A

A Given: △ABD ≅ △ACD

_
Prove: D is the midpoint of BC. B C
D

Statements Reasons
1. △ABD ≅ △ACD 1. Given

_ _
2. BD ≅ CD 2. Corresponding parts of congruent
figures are congruent.
_
3. D is the midpoint of BC . 3. Definition of midpoint.

Module 18 912 Lesson 3

 Given: Quadrilateral JKLM ≅ quadrilateral R
B J K
Q
NPQR; ∠J ≅ ∠K
Prove: ∠J ≅ ∠P
L
N P
M

Statements Reasons
1. Quadrilateral JKLM ≅ quadrilateral NPQR 1.

2. ∠J ≅ ∠K 2. 

3. ∠K ≅ ∠P 3.

4. ∠J ≅ ∠P 4.

Your Turn V
Write each proof.

8. Given: △SVT ≅ △SWT

_ S T
​  bisects ∠VSW.
Prove: ST​

W
Statements Reasons
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9. Given: Q _ _ ABCD ≅ quadrilateral EFGH;

uadrilateral A B E F
AD​
​  ≅ CD​
​ 
_ _
Prove: AD​ ​  ≅ ​  GH​

D C H G

Statements Reasons

Module 18 913 Lesson 3

 Elaborate
10. A student claims that any two congruent triangles must have the same perimeter.
Do you agree? Explain.

11. If △PQR is a right triangle and △ PQR ≅ △ XYZ, does △ XYZ have to be a right
triangle? Why or why not?

12. Essential Question Check-In Suppose you know that pentagon ABCDE
is congruent to pentagon FGHJK. How many additional congruence statements can you
write using corresponding parts of the pentagons? Explain.

Evaluate: Homework and Practice

1. Danielle finds that she can use a translation and a reflection to make • Online Homework
quadrilateral ABCD fit perfectly on top of quadrilateral WXYZ. What • Hints and Help
• Extra Practice
congruence statements can Danielle write using the sides and angles of
the quadrilaterals? Why?
A B

Y
C Z
D

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X W

△DEF ≅ △GHJ. Find the given side length or angle measure.

D G

42 ft 43°
19 ft
112° 25°
E F J H
31 ft

2. JH 3. m∠D

Module 18 914 Lesson 3

 KLMN ≅ PQRS. Find the given side length or angle measure.
S
K L

2.1 cm
R
75° 79° M P
N 2.9 cm
Q

4. m∠R 5. PS

△ ABC ≅ △ TUV. Find the given side length or angle measure.

A (5x + 7) cm
V U
(4y - 18)°
(6x - 1) cm
(3y + 2)° (4y)°
C B
(6x + 2) cm T

6. BC 7. m∠U

DEFG ≅ KLMN. Find the given side length or angle measure.

D N (4y - 29) in.
(20x + 12)° E 68°
M
F
(25x - 8)° L
G (2y + 3)in. K (y + 9) in.
8. FG 9. m∠D
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△GHJ ≅ △PQR and △PQR ≅ △STU. Complete the following using a side or angle of
△STU. Justify your answers.
_
10. GH​
​  ≅                    11. ∠J ≅                  

12. GJ =                     13. m∠G =                

Module 18 915 Lesson 3

Write each proof.
P Q R
14. Given: Quadrilateral PQTU ≅ quadrilateral QRST
_ _
Prove: QT​
​  bisects PR​
​  .

U T S

Statements Reasons

B
15. Given: △ ABC ≅ △ ADC
_ _
Prove: AC​
​  bisects ∠BAD and AC​
​  bisects ∠BCD.
A C

Statements Reasons

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16. Given: Pentagon ABCDE ≅ pentagon FGHJK; ∠D ≅ ∠E
Prove: ∠D ≅ ∠K
B G

A C H F

E D J K

Statements Reasons

Module 18 916 Lesson 3

 △ABC ≅ △DEF. Find the given side length or angle measure.

B E
J

62°
71°
A C D
M F

17. m∠D

18. m∠C

19. The figure

_ shows_ the dimensions of two city parks, where △ RST ≅ △ XYZ
​  ≅ YZ​
and YX​ ​  . A city employee wants to order new fences to surround both parks.
What is the total length of the fences required to surround the parks?
R
X

210 ft
T
320 ft Z
S
Y
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20. A tower crane is used to lift steel, concrete, and building

materials at construction sites. The figure shows part of
the horizontal beam of a tower crane,
in which △ABG ≅ △BCH ≅ △HGB

G H

59° 27°
A B C
Brown/E+/Getty Images

a. Is it possible to determine m∠GBH ? If so, how? If not, why not?

_ _
b. A member of the construction crew claims that AC​
​ is twice as long as AB​
​ . Do you
agree? Explain.

Module 18 917 Lesson 3

21. Multi-Step A company installs triangular pools at hotels. All
of the pools are congruent and △JKL ≅ △MNP in the figure.
What is the perimeter of each pool?

J M
41 ft

(4x - 4) ft L P
(5x + 1) ft
K N
(20x - 15)° (15x + 15)°

22. Kendall and Ava lay out the course shown below for their
radio-controlled trucks. In the figure, △ABD ≅ △CBD.
The trucks travel at a constant speed of 15 feet per second.
How long does it take a truck to travel on the course from
A to B to C to D? Round to the nearest tenth of a second.

50 ft
30 ft

A 40 ft D C

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23. △MNP ≅ △QRS. Determine whether each statement

Collective/Alamy, (B) ©Oleksiy Maksymenko Photography/Alamy

about the triangles is true or false. Select the correct
answer for each lettered part.

M
52 mm 52 mm S
(x + 19)°
N Q
34 mm

R
P (2x - 33)°

a. △QRS is isosceles. True False

_
¯.
b. ​  MP​is longer than ​ MN​ True False
c. m∠P = 52° True False
d. The perimeter of
△QRS is 120 mm. True False
e. ∠M ≅ ∠Q True False

Module 18 918 Lesson 3

 H.O.T. Focus on Higher Order Thinking

24. Justify Reasoning Given that △ABC _ ≅ △DEF, AB = 2.7 ft, and AC = 3.4 ft, is it
possible to determine the length of EF​
​  ? If so, find the length and justify your steps. If
not, explain why not.

25. Explain the Error A student was told that T

△GHJ ≅ △RST and was asked to find GH. The student’s G (5x - 2) m
work is shown below. Explain the error and find the H (6x - 5) m
correct answer.
S
Student's Work (4x + 3) m R
5x - 2 = 6x - 5 J

-2 = x - 5
3 = x
GH = 5x - 2 = 5​(3)​ - 2 = 13 m

26. Critical Thinking In △ABC, m∠A = 55°, m∠B = 50°, and m∠C = 75°. In △DEF,
m∠E = 50°, and m∠F = 65°. Is it possible for the triangles to be congruent? Explain.

_ _ P
27. Analyze Relationships △PQR ≅ △SQR and_ ​  ≅ RT​
RS​ ​  . A student
said that point R appears to be the midpoint of PT​​  . Is it possible to
prove this? If so, write the proof. If not, explain why not.
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Q R
Statements Reasons

S T

Module 18 919 Lesson 3

Lesson Performance Task

The illustration shows a “Yankee Puzzle” quilt.

C D

a. Use the idea of congruent shapes to describe the design of the

quilt.

_
b. Explain how the triangle with base AB_ can be transformed to
the position of the triangle with base CD.

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c. Explain how you know that CD = AB. Brown/E+/Getty Images

Module 18 920 Lesson 3