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Worksheet 2 CH 4 Carbon and Its Compounds CBSE Class 10

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56 views9 pages

Worksheet 2 CH 4 Carbon and Its Compounds CBSE Class 10

Worksheets

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naitikrajtiwari587
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CARBON AND ITS COMPOUND
WORKSHEET 2
Q1 Carbon forms four covalent bonds by sharing its four
valence electrons with four univalent atoms, e.g. hydrogen.
After the formation of four bonds, carbon attains the
electronic configuration of?

Q2. (a) Why most of the carbon compounds are poor


conductor of electricity ?

(b) Write the name and structure of a saturated compound in


which the carbon atoms are arranged in a ring. Give the
number of single bonds present in this compound.

Q3. An aldehyde as well as a ketone can be represented by


the same molecular formula, say C3H6O. Write their
structures and name them. State the scientific relation
between the two.

Q4 Why does graphite conducts electricity, but not diamond?

Q5 How are the molecules of aldehyde and Ketone

structurally different?

Q6 Unsaturated hydrocarbons contain multiple bonds between


the two C-atoms and show addition reactions. Give the test to
distinguish ethane from ethene.
Q7 Write the molecular formula of benzene and state the
number of double bonds in its structure.

Q8. What are covalent bonds? Show their formation with the
help of electron dot structure of methane. Why are covalent
compounds generally poor conductors of electricity?

Q9 What are the two properties of carbon which lead to the


huge number of carbon compounds we see around us?

Q10 State the valency of each carbon atom in

(i) an alkane and


(ii) an alkyne
CARBON AND ITS COMPOUND
WORKSHEET 2- SOLUTIONS
Ans 1 neon

Ans. 2 (a) Carbon compounds form covalent bonds/ do not


dissociate into ions/do not have charged

particles (ions)/do not have free electrons.

(b) Cyclohexane

Ans 3 below
Ans 4 In case of diamond, each carbon atom of a single crystal

is surrounded by four other carbon atoms by covalent bonds

such that they form four corners of a regular tetrahedron.

Because of four covalent bonds with each carbon atoms there

are no free electrons available. Due to the non-availability of

free electrons within crystalline structure, diamond acts as a

bad conductor of electricity.

In case of graphite, every carbon atom in a single crystal is

covalently bonded to three carbon atoms. As each carbon

atoms has four valence electrons one valence electron is left

free for each carbon atom. These free electrons can be easily

made to flow within the crystalline structure of graphite by

applying electric potential. Thus, graphite is a good conductor

of electricity.

Ans 5 In aldehyde, the carbon atom of the carbonyl group is

attached to one alkyl group (R) and one hydrogen atom but in

ketone, the carbonyl group is attached to two alkyl groups.

Ans 6 Saturated hydrocarbons generally burn with a clean


flame.

Unsaturated hydrocarbons burn with yellow flame and produce


lot of soot. So, when ethane is burnt, it burns with a clean
flame and no soot is produced. When ethene is burnt, it burns
with yellow flame and produces lot of soot.

Ans 7 Below

Ans 8 Covalent bonds are those bonds which are formed by


sharing the valence electrons between two atoms. Electron
dot structure of methane is shown in the figure. Covalent
compounds are generally poor conductors of electricity
because they do not have free electrons or ions.

Ans 9 (i) Catenation : Carbon has the unique property of self


linking which is known as catenation. In fact, any number of
carbon atoms can be linked to one another by covalent bonds.
This is on account of the stability of C — C bonds since the
size of the carbon atom is quite small.
(ii) Linking of carbon with other atoms : Carbon is tetravalent
in nature and can readily unite with atoms like hydrogen,
oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur, etc. by electron sharing

Ans 10 (i) Valency of each carbon atom in an alkane is


four.

(ii) Valency of each carbon atom in an alkyne is four.


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