Guide and Informations

made by: Ur_cessi

In this power point you will discover the
various parts of practical research paper 2
Every parts have a various information that
you can take a look and serve as a guide
Identifying the inquiry and
stating the problem
(Process of chapter 1)
The Research Problem
(according to Calderon & Gonzales)
A problem is “any significant, perplexing, and challenging
situation,real or artificial, the solution of which requires
reflexive thinking”. In research, it is known as the research
topic.

An intellectual stimulus calling for an answer in the form of

scientific inquiry.
Sources of research Topics
or problems
Prevailing theories or philosophy
Observations, intuitions or a combination of
both
Different subjects taken and from them
identify a problem that interests a student-
researcher most
Sources of research Topics or
problems
Fields of interest or specialization or event
from related fields
• Existing problems in the
classroom/school/campus/university which
one may want to solve are good sources of
research problems
• Existing needs of the community or society
• Related studies and literatures
• Advice of authorities or experts from funding
agencies
• Incidental from interesting topics of
professors during the course meeting/session
Criteria in choosing a
research problem
It should be something new or different from what has
already been written about.
It must be original.
It should be significant to the field
of study or discipline.
It must necessarily arouse
intellectual curiosity.
It should be of researcher’s interest and
researcher must be with the topic.
It should be modest one for a beginner
to be carried on within a limited period
of time.
It should be clear, not ambiguous.
Criteria in choosing a
research problem
it should be specific, not general
It should consider the training and personal
qualifications of the researcher.
It should consider the availability of data involved in the
study and the methods and techniques to be employed
in gathering them.
It should consider the availability of effective
instruments for gathering the data and their treatment.
It should consider the financial capacity of the
researcher to support the project.
It should consider the time factor involved in the
undertaking.
Choosing a workable topic
(according to bordo, et al.)
AVOID THE FOLLOWING TOPICS:
Controversial issues (e.g., political scandals, court matters,
etc.)
Very new topics (references may not yet be available)
Personal bias and discriminating topics (e.g., racism, sexism,
Teaching Note: Please insert
etc.) an image of Rosa Parks in the
Supernatural and paranormal topics (e.g., fortune-telling, frame.
astral projection, telepathy, etc.)
Political conflicts (e.g., graft and corruption, wiretapping, war
on drugs, etc.)
How to commit crimes
Things to consider in
selecting a topic:
Time frame for completion (research should be
feasible)
Benefit to the community. Topics that improve
human life is the ultimate goal of research.
(Research is ethical)
Focus on a specific area of knowledge; i.e., it
should be concentrated on a specific subject
area.
Topics should be interesting; that is, pertinent to
the readers’ interests.
Topics should be measurable and observable for
it must be results oriented.
Guidelines in the Formulation
of a Research Title
1. Elements of a research title
There to “catchy” research title is not or of be
entertaining like the titles television programs or
movies, but informative. The parts of a research
title contain the following information:
The subject matter or topic to be
investigated. (“What?”)
The place or locale where the research is to
be conducted. (“Where?”)
The population or universe from who the data
are to be collected, i.e., the respondents or
interviewees. (“Who”?)
Guidelines in the Formulation
of a Research Title
The time period of the studyduring
which the data are to be collected.
(“When”?)
The title must be broad enough to
include all aspects of the study but
should be brief and concise as possible.
The use of terms as “Analysis of ” “A
Study of” “An Investigation of” and the
like should be avoided.
If the title contains more than one line, it
should be written in inverted pyramid.
Guidelines in the Formulation
of a Research Title
When typed or encoded in the title
page, all words in the title should be in
capital letters.
If possible, the title should not be longer
than 15 substantive words.
Avoid a long, detailed title that gives
too much information.
To shorten the title, delete the terms
“assessment” or “evaluation” if these
are already emphasized in the text.
 CHARACTERISTICS OF A
GOOD TITILE
A title should give readers information about
1 the contents of the research and is preferable
to one that is vague or general.

Titles do not need to be stuffy or dull but

they should generally give readers some idea
2 at the outset of what the research paper will
contain.
 CHARACTERISTICS OF A
GOOD TITILE
Choose a title that is a phrase rather than a
3 complete sentence.

4 Select a straightforward title over other kinds.

 CHARACTERISTICS OF A
GOOD TITILE
Use no punctuation at the end
5 of the title.

Do not underline the title of research or

enclose it in quotation marks, instead, use
6 a word processing program or printer that
permits italics.
 CHARACTERISTICS OF A
GOOD TITILE
Higher Order Thinking Skills in Reading of
7 Freshmen in University of Northern Philippines, Academic
year 2015-2016

Pinay single Mom: Paghanga o Pagkutya?

A Multi Case Study on the Lives and
8 Experiences of the Solo Parents in
Zamboanga city
 CHARACTERISTICS OF A
GOOD TITILE
Abakada o Aba! Kita...: A Multi Case Study on
9 Child Labor in the Selected Towns of the
Province of Laguna

Level of Acceptability of the Tracing Guide for

Children with Cerebral Palsy by the Special
10 Education Teachers in the Division of
Pampanga, School Year 2015-2016
 Chapter 1
The problem and its Background

Parts of Chapter 1
1. Background of the study
2. Statement of the problem
3. Scope and Delimitation
4. Significance of the study
Background of the study
(according
(according to
to Bordo,
Bordo, Et
Et Al.)
Al.)
1. Presentation os the problem
Describe the existence of an unsatisfactory
condition or a problem that needs a solution.
2.Historical background of the problem
Give the historical background of the problem , if
applicable.
3.Geographical conditions of the study locale
If applicable, describe the geographical location
of the study.
Background of the study
(according
(according to
to Bordo,
Bordo, Et
Et Al.)
Al.)
4. Rationale of the study
Give the reason (s) why the study should be
conducted.
It includes information which wouldfocus
attention on the importance and validity of the
problem.
A brief rationale to justify the problem must be
provided.
•This is the present state of knowledge regarding
the problem.
Background of the study
(according
(according to
to Bordo,
Bordo, Et
Et Al.)
Al.)
The background also includes:
1. Discussion of the problem in general and the
specific situations as observed and experienced
by the researcher.
2. Concepts and ideas related to the problem
3. Discussion of the existing or present conditions
and what is aimed to be in the future or the gap to
be filled in by the researcher.
Statement of the problem
(also called “purpose statement and
research questions”) is a statement of
the purpose of the study and a series of
questions that will help in researching
the topic.
Statement of the problem
Briefly describe the condition or a
situation that exists which is perceived as
something less than the ideal: or what it
should be and how you see it to be.
Statement of the problem
It is composed of...
1. The general statemnt of the problem (the
statement) and
2. the specific sub-problems or sub-
questions (or research questions)
Objective or Purpose of the study
It is the 1st part of the problem where the
researchers states the objective.
This is a statement of a long term objective
expected to be achieved by the study.
This is derived by the identification and
crystallization of the research problem and as
reflected in the title.
Research Questions or
Research Problem
These are the specific questions which
are to be answered in the study.
The answers to these should lead to the
solution of the research problem.
Focus on a clear goal or objective. State
the precise goal.
The problem should be limited enough in
making a definite conclusion possible.
Guidelines for writing statement
of the problem
The general statement of the problem
(or the purpose statement) and the specific sub-
problems (or the research questions) should be
formulated first before conducting the research.
It is customary to state specific sub- problems
in the interrogative hence, sub-problems are
also “specific questions”.
Guidelines for writing statement
of the problem
Each specific research question should be clear
and unequivocal (should only have one
meaning) in porder to avoid confusion.
•Each research question should be researchable
apart from the other questions (i.e.,
separable).
Each research question must be based upon
known facts and phenomena. Furthermore,
data from such facts and phenomena should be
accessible to the researcher.
Guidelines for writing statement
of the problem
Answers to each research question can be interpreted
apart from the answers to the other specific
questions.
Answers to each research question must
contribute to the development of the whole
research study.
Summing up the answers to all the specific questions
will give a complete development of the entire study.
The number of research questions should be enough to
cover the development of the whole research study.
Scope and Delimitation
This section is a description of what is included in the study
and what is not included.
The population under study and the locale of the study
should be described.
The scope describes the coverage of the study.
It specifies what is covered in terms of concept, number of
subjects or the population included in the study, as well as
the timeline when the study was conducted.
Delimit variables included by citing factors or that are not
to be and the boundary in terms of time frame, number of
subjects, participants or respondents who are excluded.
Specify that which you will not deal within the study.
Parameters of the research:
What - The topic of Where - The venue or
investigation and the the setting of the
variables included research

When - the time Why - the general

frame by which the objectives of the
study was conducted research

Who - the subject of How - the

the study, population methodology of the
and sampling the and research
research which may
include design,
methodology the
research instrument
Significance of the study

This is a list of the people or

institutions who will benefit from
the study and how they will benefit
from the study.
Significance of the study
The researcher defines who will
benefit out of the findings of the
study.
The researcher describes how the
problem will be solved and
specifically pinpoints will or who
benefit from such findings
Tips in writing the significance
of the study

1. Refer to the statement of the

problem.
2. Write from generic to specific.
 For examples:
Married couples. The study would be beneficial to them since they are married and they would be
able to understand each other more and be more aware of each others feelings toward a certain
topic.

Future researchers. The study would serve as their reference in their research study which could be
beneficial and similar to this.

Housewives. Since they are the participants, this would help them to know more and be aware in
Korean dramas’ effects in their lives as well as their perception on marriage and family life.
(Arcibal, April 2011)
 Thank you
see you on part 2!