Error
Error
,.,,,, ll1t
(IS t 05)°C ,,nl
'
(40 .t 0.3) C What is lht '&t lit
lmq,mtvrt cf lht bit .
Solation. Rise in temperature
= Final temperature - Initial temperature
=(40i 0.3)-(18± 0.5)= (40-18)± (0.J+ OS)
=(22± o.erc.
V
&le 8l. 11,c resistance R = ,wlrere V == 100 :t:
1 5
""" I= 10 ± 0.2 A. Find tht pnm,tage error in R. [NCErtr1
Solution. The percentage error in Vis 5% artd in I it
I 1s 2%.
The total percentage error in R is given by
AR x 100 = ii V x 100 + M x 100
R V I
= 5% + 2% = 7°/o.
Example 82 · If tire mars involved in the measurements of
a side and mass ofa cube are 3% and 4% respectively, What
is the maximum permissible error in the density of the
material?
De . M M
Solution. ns1ty, P =V = I:
. =(3~
2
r r
xO.;+(~·: x0.5 =0.340
percentage error in its volume. [HimachaJ 06)
(Ans. 5.7%)
13. The measure of the diameter of a cylinder is
(1.60± 0.01) cm and its length is (5,0± 0.1) an.
Here. R' = (3.2 ± 0.34) n = 3.2 n ± 10.625%
Calculate the percentage error in its volume.
(Ans. 3.25%)
Sbroble~s'. Fo~ Prac~ice 14. The measured mass and volume of a body are
2.00 g and 5.0 cm3 resfectively. With possible erron
1. If A = ( 12.0 ± 0.1) an and B = (8.5 ± 0.5) an, find of 0.01 g and 0.1 cm , what would be the percent
(1) A+ Band ·(i1) A .- B. · . [Delhi 04) . error in density ? (Ans. 2.5%)
[Ans. (1) 20.5± 0.6cm (ii) 3.5± 0.6cm] 15< A body travels uniformly a distance of (118 ± 0.2) m
2. The ~peratures of two bodies measured by a thermo- in a time (4.0 ± 0.3) s. Calculate its velocity with
meter are t1 = 20°C ± 0.5°C and t 2 = 50°C ± 0.5°C. error limits. What is percentage error in velocity ?
Calculate the temperature difference and the error ' . 1
[Ans. (3.5± 0.3) ms- , 9%)
therein. · .. [NCERT; Central Schools 12)
16. If the percentage errors in the measurement of
(Ans. 30°C ± 1°q mass m and velocity v of a body are 1.5% and 2%
3. The lengths of two rods are 15.2 ± 0.2 cm and respectively, find the percentage errors in the
10.7 ± 0.2 cm. Find difference in lengths of the two measurement of its momentum p and kinetic
rods with the limits of error. [Himachal 07] energy K. [Central Schools 171
(Ans.- 4.5 ± 0.4 cm)
_ (Ans. 3%, 5.5%)
4. The length · and breadth of a rectangle are
17. A physical quantity X is related to three obser-
(5.7± O.l)cm and (3-4± 0.2)cm. Calculate area of vables a, b, c as X = b2 I C-. The errors of
the rectangle with e~or limits. [Chandigarh 04)
2 measurement in a, b and c are 2%, 1% and 3%
(Ans. 19.4± 15cm ) respectively. What is the percentage error in the
5. If displacement of a body, s = (200 ± 5) metres and quantity X ? (Ans. 9%)
~e taken by it t = (20 ± 0.2) secon:ds~tenpnd the "~ . A2Ifl2
percentage error in the calculation of velocity. Yo· A physical quantity Q is given by Q = c+4 rJf 2
[Delhi 05] (Ans. 3.5%)
. The percentage errors in A, B, C and D are 1%, 2%,
the length and time period of an oscillating 4% and 2% respectively. Find the percentage error
pendulum have errors of 1% and 2% respectively,
in Q. · [Central Schools 05) (Ans. 22%}
what is the error in the estimate of g ?
{Central Schools 04) (Ans. 5%) 19. Two resistors of resistances R,. = 100 ± 3 ohm and
= 200 ± 4 ohm are connected (a) in series, (b) in
7. H =(10.0± O.l)cm and 12 =(9.0± O.l)cm, find
parallel. Find the equivalent resistance of the
their sum, difference and error in each.
(a) series combination. (b) parallel combination.
[Ans. (19.0± 0.2) cm, 1%; (1.0± 0.2)cm, 20%]
for (a) the relation R = Ri + and for
8. The length and breadth of a field are 22.4 cm and
15.8 an respectively and have been measured to an
_!_ =__!_ + __!_ and M' = +
R' Ri R.i R'2 Ri 2 ~2 •
accuracy of 0.2 an. Find the percentage error in the
(Ans. 66.1t
uea of the field. (Himachal 07] (Ans. 2.16%)
1