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Simple Machine

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Domel Genteroles
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10 views4 pages

Simple Machine

Uploaded by

Domel Genteroles
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SIMPLE MACHINES

Wheel and Axle


The wheel and axle makes transporting heavy goods easier and helps people travel distances. A wheel has a small
footprint, so it reduces friction when you move an object over a surface. For example, there is a lot more friction
in sliding a refrigerator across the floor than in wheeling it in a cart. A wheel and axle is also a force multiplier.
The input force turns the wheel, generating a rotational force or torque, but the torque is much greater on the axle
than on the rim of the wheel. A long handle attached to an axle achieves a comparable effect.

Lever
A lever makes a trade-off between force and distance. A see-saw is a familiar example of this type of simple
machine. A lever has a long beam and a pivot or fulcrum. Depending on the placement of the fulcrum, you either
use a lever for lifting a heavy load over a smaller distance than the input force or a lighter load over a larger
distance than the input force.
Inclined Plane
An inclined plane is a ramp or angled flat surface. It increases the distance of a force. An inclined plane helps
with lifting loads that are too heavy to lift straight up. But, the steeper the ramp, the more effort you need. For
example, climbing a ramp is much easier than jumping a great height. Climbing a steep ramp takes a lot more
effort than walking up a gentle slope.

Pulley
A pulley either changes the direction of a force or else trades increased force for decreased distance. For example,
it takes a lot of force to pull a bucket of water straight up from a well. Attaching a pulley lets your pull down on
the rope instead of up, but it takes the same force. However, if you use two pulleys, with one attached to the
bucket and the other attached to an overhead beam, you only apply half the force to pull up the bucket. The trade-
off is that you double the distance of rope you pull. A block and tackle is a combination of pulleys that reduces
the necessary force even more.
Screw
A screw is essentially an inclined plane, except it is wrapped around a shaft. The incline makes it easier to exert a
greater force for turning the screw. Using a long handle, such as a screwdriver, increases the mechanical
advantage. Screws find use in daily life as lug nuts on car wheels and for holding parts together in machines and
furniture.

Wedge
A wedge is a moving inclined plane that works by changing the direction of the input force. Common uses of
wedges are for splitting pieces and lifting loads. For example, an axe is a wedge. So is a doorstop. The axe directs
the force of a blow outward, splitting a log into pieces. A doorstop transfers the force of a moving door
downward, producing friction that keeps it from sliding over the floor.
Submitted by:
Von Kervin T. Naldoza
Grade VI-Earth

Submitted to:
Mrs. Mildred M. Patrivo
Teacher

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