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16(2): 139-142, 2021
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IMPA CT OF INORG
IMPA ANIC AND ORG
INORGANIC ANIC SOURCES OF
ORGANIC
NITROGEN AND ROW SPACING ON BAB
SPA Y CORN (Zea mays L
BABY .)
L.)

BARMA JNANA NAGA SRI RAMYA*, SHIKHA SINGH, P. VASU DEVA REDDY AND NARREDDY HINDUJA
Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute,
SHUATS, Prayagraj -211007, U.P.,INDIA.
e-mail : ramyabjns@gmail.com

KEYWORDS ABSTRACT
Baby corn A field experiment was conducted during Zaid 2020 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, SHUATS,
Nitrogen Prayagraj (U.P). The treatment consisted of 75% Nitrogen through urea + 25% Nitrogen through FYM + 30 x
Growth and yield. 15 cm whose effect is observed on Baby corn. Experiment was laid out in RBD there were 9 treatments and
FYM replicated thrice it was observed that T5 75% Nitrogen through urea + 25% Nitrogen through FYM + 30 x 15
cm was found to be the best treatment for obtaining growth and yield attributes such as plant height (191.39 cm),
Received on : number of leaves (12.23 cm ), plant dry weight (91.98 g/plant) and fodder yield (36.66 t/ha) while net return
08.12.2020 (125793 Rs/ha) and B:C ratio (1.84) were also recorded in 75% Nitrogen through urea + 25% Nitrogen through
FYM + 30 x 15 cm. From the above investigation it was concluded that application of 75 % Nitrogen through
Accepted on : urea + 25% Nitrogen through FYM + 30 x 15 cm was more productive as well as economic.
08.05.2021

*Corresponding
author

INTRODUCTION Nitrogen promotes leaf and stem growth rapidly which

consequently increase the yield and its quality. (Chouhan et
Maize (Zea mays L.) is the world’s third leading cereal crop al., 2010). Research substantiates that available nitrogen status
following wheat and rice, and has the highest production increased with increased supply of nitrogen in the form of
potential among the cereals. In India, maize is grown in 9.22 either fertilizers or organic manures which ultimately increased
M ha area with a production and productivity of 28.72 million the productivity of maize. As far as grain yield in cereal is
tonnes and 3,115 kg/ha respectively contributing 2.53% concerned the role of nitrogen is vital. It is therefore, necessary
share over world’s production (Directorate of Economics and to identify the critical steps associated with nitrogen use
Statistics 2018, FAO Statistics 2020).Baby corn is a vegetable efficiency. The nitrogen use efficiency is only about 30-40%
crop that can potentially improve the economic status of in Indian soil. Farm Yard Manure (FYM) is valuable soil
farmers (Das et al.,2008).Baby corn is the young, finger-length improver which enhances and restores a range of natural
de-husked corn young ear of female inflorescence, harvested properties of the soil. It increases soil fertility, adds humus and
within 2-3 days of silk emergence but prior to fertilization and slow releasing nutrients to the soil, aids water and nutrient
is crisp and sweet in taste. (Pandey et al., 2000). It is a profitable retention, attracts worms to the soil, ideal for mulching.
crop that allows a diversification of production, aggregation Application of FYM is known to maintain soil productivity
of value, and increased income Pandey et al. (2002). It is longer than inorganic fertilizer . Farm Yard Manure contains
highly remunerative and farmers can get a high return in a all the macro and micro nutrients required for the plants growth
short period of 45-60 days. .Hence the paper deals with effect of inorganic and organic
As baby corn is a high demanding crop which provide more sources of nitrogen and row spacing on growth, yield and
income within a short period, farmers are cultivating those on economics of Baby corn.
large scale with huge input of inorganic fertilizers which in
turn leads to land degradation. The main idea of this research MATERIALS AND METHODS
is to supplement some source of organic formulations in
replacement of inorganic fertilizer. Farm yard manure and inorganic fertilizer
Nitrogen is most deficient primary nutrient in Indian soil and Fertilizer required for maintaining adequate supply of nutrients
varies from state to state. Nitrogen is considered as one of the for increased yield, and reduced environmental pollution.
most important plant nutrients for growth and development Farm yard manure is a heterogenous composted organic
of crop plant. It also plays an important role in synthesis of material consisting of dung, crop residue, and/or household
chlorophyll and amino acids that contribute to the building sweeping in various stages of decomposition. Farm Yard
unit of protein and thus, growth of plants. Nitrogen helps in Manure contains 05 % N Farm yard manure. it is an important
early establishment of leaf area capable of photosynthesis. organic resource for agricultural production in livestock based

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BARMA JNANA NAGA SRI RAMYA et al.,

farming system in many countries including semi-arid regions experiment to determine the initial soil properties. The soil
of India. Urea contains 46% Nitrogen content. It is primarily samples were collected from 0-15 cm depth and were dried
used for bloom growth and promotes the green leafy growth under shade, were powdered with wooden pestle and motar,
and make the plant look lush. Urea also aids the passed through 2 mm sieve and were used for analysis.
photosynthesis process to plant. Collected soil samples were analyzed for organic carbon by
Experimental Site Information rapid titration method (Sparks, 1996), Available nitrogen was
estimated by alkaline permanganate method by Subbiah and
A field experiment was conducted at the collage Farm of Sam
Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Asiia (1956), available phosphorus by Olsen’s method as
Sciences (SHUATS), Prayagraj (U.P.) which is located at 25º outlined by Jackson (1967), available potassium was
39’ 42" N latitude, 81º67’56" E longitude and 98 m altitude determined by extracting with neutral normal ammonium
above the mean sea level (MSL).the soil experimental site soil acetate solution and estimating by using flame photometer
was sandy loam with pH 7.2,Organic carbon 0.48 %,Available (ELICO Model) as outlined by Jackson (1973) and available S
Nitrogen 171.48 kg/ha, phosphorus 13.6 kg/ha, potassium was estimated by turbid metric method as described by Sparks
215.4 kg/ha, The irrigation water used for the experiment was (1996).
of good quality devoid of any salinity. Statistical analysis
Experimental Details Experimental data collected was subjected to statistical analysis
The experiment was laid out in randomized block design. by adopting Fishers method of Analysis of variance (ANOVA)
The treatment comprised of 2 levels of Nitrogen by using Urea as outlined by Gomez and Gomez (2010). Critical Difference
and Farm Yard Manure and on spacing. There were 9 (CD) values were calculated the ‘F’ test was found significant
treatments and replicated trice during zaid season (March- at 5% level.
April) of 2020.
Crop management RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The crop management practices were similar in all treatments Impact of Inorganic and Organic source of Nitrogen and
but there is a difference in fertilizer application to each crop geometry on plant height
treatment. Farm Yard Manure (25%, 50%, 75%) collected
In present investigation Plant height(cm)of baby corn increased
from dairy department incorporated into soil before sowing.
Inorganic N (25%, 50%, 75%, 100%) were applied as basal with crop age maximum plant height was obtained at 60 DAS
application at the time sowing. Abundant nitrogen supply and its availability through organic
and inorganic source helped the baby corn plants to attain
The field preparation was done by ploughing once, there after the more vigour in terms of plant height. Higher nitrogen levels
the land was measured and divided into the three replications
significantly increased the plant height because of enough
with one main irrigation channel and one sub irrigation
availability of nitrogen at growing stages maximum plant
channel. Organic manure and inorganic fertilizers were
height(191.39 cm) was observed with 75% Nitrogen through
uniformly applied and incorporated at 10 cm depth to each
urea and 30 x 15 cm spacing this might have been possible
plot as per treatments. The seeds are sown in 5 cm depth with
different spacing 30 x 15cm and 40 x 15 cm. Hand weeding due to better photosynthetic activity with better availability of
was done after 25 and 40 DAS. Three irrigations were given. light and proper spacing between the plants and abundant
one at pre sowing, one irrigation before tasseling stage and supply of nitrogen. Patel et al. (1995) Saha and Mondal (2006)
one irrigation during silking stage. Detasseling is an essential and Kumar (2009)
operation for maintaining the quality of baby corn. It was done Impact of Inorganic and Organic source of Nitrogen and
by removing the tassel of the plant soon after emergence of crop geometry on Plant dry weight g/plant.
flag leaf, which was done between 35-40 DAS In present investigation Dry weight per plant of baby corn
To control the attack of Maize borer (Chilopartellus), Phorate increased with crop age maximum dry weight was obtained at
10 Kg/ha was applied at 15 DAS and 30 DAS. To control 60 DAS. Among the various combination of organic and
Termites Chlorpyriphos 500 ml/ha was applied. inorganic sources of nitrogen 75% Nitrogen through Urea +
Chemical analysis of soil 25% FYM was more effective in producing higher dry weight
Composite soil samples were collected before layout of the (91.98 g) of plant this might be due to increased availability of

Table 1: Impact of Inorganic and Organic sources of plant height and dry weight of Baby corn
Treatment Plant height (cm) Plant dry weight (g/plant)
15 DAS 30 DAS 45 DAS 60DAS 15 DAS 30 DAS 45 DAS 60DAS
Control 4.69 18.45 72.92 177.82 0.53 4.47 37.91 79.22
100%Nitrogen through urea + 40 x 15cm. 5.79 20.25 77.8 183.36 0.6 5.06 39.73 83.52
100%Nitrogen through urea + 30 x 15cm. 5.4 22.38 87.06 186.25 0.57 6.02 44.65 87.25
75%Nitrogen through urea +25% Nitrogen through FYM + 40 x 15 cm. 5.38 24.93 90.5 190.88 0.6 6.56 48.07 91.51
75%Nitrogen through urea +25% Nitrogen through FYM + 30 x 15 cm 5.66 26.33 91.54 191.39 0.64 6.68 48.65 91.98
50%Nitrogen urea + 50%Nitrogen through FYM + 40 x 15 cm. 5.9 22.05 84.05 184.51 0.57 6.14 44.93 90.12
50%Nitrogen urea + 50%Nitrogen through FYM + 30 x 15 cm. 4.52 21.31 80 181.68 0.47 5.37 43.72 88.98
25% Nitrogen through urea + 75% Nitrogen through FYM + 40 x 15 Cm.. 4.92 18.97 77.21 179.89 0.54 5.09 40.73 88.07
25% Nitrogen through urea + 75% Nitrogen through FYM + 30 x 15 cm. 5.51 19.46 75.46 176.95 0.49 4.78 38.96 83.53
SEm (±) 0.31 1.11 1.95 2.58 0.06 0.13 1.53 2.25
CD (5%) 0.93 3.32 5.58 7.76 NS 0.4 4.6 6.75

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 IMPACT OF INORGANIC AND ORGANIC SOURCES OF NITROGEN

Table 2 : Impact of Inorganic and organic sources of yield and yield attributes of Baby corn

Treatments Number Length Grith Weight Weight Cob Cob yield Green
of cobs of cobs of cob of with of with yield of of without Fodder
/plant (cm) (cm) husked out hus with hus husked yield (t/ha)
Baby ked Baby ked Baby Baby corn
corn(g) corn(gm) corn(q/ ha) (q/ha)
Control 1.33 12.56 6.22 22.45 7.9 18.4 22.63 19
100%Nitrogen through urea + 40 x 15cm. 1.73 14.65 6.46 22.58 9.05 23.48 23.01 29.67
100%Nitrogen through urea + 30 x 15cm. 2.07 15.55 6.74 30.05 9.85 29.66 24.48 30
75%Nitrogen through urea +25% Nitrogen through FYM + 40 x 15 cm. 2.33 16.46 7.11 33.25 10.11 35.2 37.75 34.57
75%Nitrogen through urea +25% Nitrogen through FYM + 30 x 15 cm 2.53 17.4 7.88 33.7 11.11 35.24 39.32 36.66
50%Nitrogen urea + 50%Nitrogen through FYM + 40 x 15 cm. 1.93 15.33 6.66 29.66 9.02 26.85 25.9 30
50%Nitrogen urea + 50%Nitrogen through FYM + 30 x 15 cm. 1.6 13.89 6.33 27.43 8.53 24.38 30.06 22
25% Nitrogen through urea + 75% Nitrogen through FYM + 40 x 15 Cm.. 1.8 15.09 6.56 25.44 8.39 20.61 26.36 25.6
25% Nitrogen through urea + 75% Nitrogen through FYM + 30 x 15 cm. 1.53 14.35 6.43 21.79 8.29 19.27 27.3 21.07
SEm (±) 0.04 0.318 0.11 1.026 0.276 0.423 0.95 3.22
CD (5%) 0.12 0.952 0.34 3.076 0.28 1.2 2.87 3.64

Table 3: Effect of Inorganic and organic Nitrogen levels and Row spacing on Economics of Baby corn
Treatment Net Return B:C Ratio
Control 58928.33 1.16
100%Nitrogen through urea + 40 x 15cm. 71131.67 1.4
100%Nitrogen through urea + 30 x 15cm. 77328.33 1.52
75%Nitrogen through urea +25% Nitrogen through FYM + 40 x 15 cm. 117423 1.72
75%Nitrogen through urea +25% Nitrogen through FYM + 30 x 15 cm 125793 1.84
50%Nitrogen urea + 50%Nitrogen through FYM + 40 x 15 cm. 71858.33 1.16
50%Nitrogen urea + 50%Nitrogen through FYM + 30 x 15 cm. 80511.67 1.3
25% Nitrogen through urea + 75% Nitrogen through FYM + 40 x 15 Cm.. 75721.33 1.36
25% Nitrogen through urea + 75% Nitrogen through FYM + 30 x 15 cm. 75211.33 1.35
SEm (±) 3919.96 0.06
CD (5%) 11752.04 0.19

nutrients to plants provided more vigour to the plant in

+ 30 x 15 cm,(Rs125793) and Higher B: C ratio (1.84) was
becoming the healthier which in turn resulted in higher dry
recorded with application of 75 % N through urea + 25 %N
weight of plant. Ramchandrappa et al. (2004)
through FYM + 30 x 15 cm, Higher gross return (Rs 193970)
Yield attributes and Yield was recorded with application of 75 %nitrogen through urea
The Impact of Nitrogen levels and Row spacing on number of + 25 %Nitrogen through FYM + 30 x 15 cm, 75%Nitrogen
cobs/plant, cob length (cm), cob grith (cm) ,weight of baby through urea + 25% Nitrogen through FYM with spacing 30
corn with husk and without husk, cob yield (t/ha) with and x 15 cm was found economically most beneficial as it obtained
without husk, fodder yield (t/ha) was significant, the highest maximum cob yield, forage yield, Gross return, Net return
values for number of No of cobs/plant (1.87), cob length and B:C ratio which was corresponding to the growth and
(17.4 cm) grith of cob (7.88 cm) weight of with husked baby yield attributing attributes for the cultivation of Baby corn
corn (33.7 g) weight of de husked baby corn(11.11g) cob
.Thakur et al. (1997) Pandey et al. (2000).
yield of with husked baby corn (35.24 q/ha) cob of without
husked baby corn (39.32 q/ha) fodder yield (36.66 t/ha) were
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