GEC 2024 SUBJECT ASSESSMENT

GUIDELINES

GRADE 9
NATIONAL TESTS
Introduction

The Department of Basic Education (DBE) has developed Subject Assessment

Guidelines for the General Education Certificate (GEC). These guidelines have been
used to set the national papers in selected subjects. Tests have been set for the
following subjects and languages in 2024:

a. Economic and Management Sciences [English and Afrikaans (P2 only)]

b. Home Language and First Additional Language (11 languages)
c. Mathematics [English and Afrikaans (P1 only)]
d. Natural Sciences (English and Afrikaans)

The same subjects will be available for the Deaf and Blind.

These Assessment Guidelines should be read in conjunction with the relevant Annual
Teaching Plans (ATPs), CAPS and the Programmes of Assessment.

The Subject Assessment Guidelines are intended to provide guidance on what to

expect in the tests that will be written by the sampled Grade 9 schools in 2024.

The tests have been designed to comprise 80% multiple-choice questions (MCQs)
and 20% open-ended questions. Guidelines on how to craft MCQs are detailed in the
document Test Specification Framework Development Process developed by the
DBE.

Schools are expected to administer and invigilate these tests in a controlled

environment as specified in the Conduct of Examination Guidelines.

The administrative period for these tests is as follows:

Date (2024) Subject Time Duration

Week 1
13 November English Home Language (HL) 09:00 – 11:30 2,5 hrs
14 November Afrikaans Home Language (HL) 09:00 – 11:30 2,5 hrs
15 November All African Languages (HL) 09:00 – 11:30 2,5 hrs
18 November Mathematics Paper 1 09:00 – 11:00 2 hrs
19 November EMS Paper 2 09:00 – 11:00 2 hrs
Week 2
20 November Natural Sciences 09:00 – 11:00 2 hrs
21 November First Additional Languages (FAL) 09:00 – 11:30 2,5 hrs

Subjects not catered for in this timetable, i.e. other internal examinations, should be
scheduled around these dates.

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 1

 Table of Contents
Contents
Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 1
EMS: Paper 2 ....................................................................................................................................... 3
Mathematics: Paper 1 ....................................................................................................................... 4
Natural Sciences ................................................................................................................................ 8
English & Afrikaans HL and FAL ................................................................................................... 9
IsiNdebele HL and FAL ................................................................................................................... 12
IsiXhosa HL and FAL....................................................................................................................... 15
IsiZulu HL and FAL .......................................................................................................................... 18
Sepedi HL and FAL .......................................................................................................................... 21
Sesotho HL and FAL ....................................................................................................................... 23
Setswana HL and FAL..................................................................................................................... 26
Siswati HL and FAL ......................................................................................................................... 29
Tshiven»a HL and FAL ................................................................................................................... 31
Xitsonga HL and FAL ...................................................................................................................... 34

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 2

EMS: Paper 2
Topic Content Skill assessed

Kinds of business functions

Business functions
Roles and importance
Entrepreneurship
Concepts and components
Business Plan
SWOT analysis
Effects on businesses
Economy Trade Unions
Contribution to sustainable growth

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 3

Mathematics: Paper 1
Content area Subtopic/content Skill assessed
Numbers, Whole Numbers
Operations
Properties of Describe the real number system by
and
numbers recognising, defining and distinguishing
Relationships
properties of:
− natural numbers, whole numbers,
integers, rational numbers, irrational
numbers
Multiples and Factors Use prime factorisation of numbers to find
LCM and HCF
Solving Problems Solve problems in contexts involving ratio,
rate, direct proportion, indirect proportion,
finance
Integers
Properties of integers Apply commutative, associative and
distributive properties of addition and
multiplication for integers
Additive and multiplicative inverses for
integers
Calculations with perform calculations involving all four
integers operations with integers
perform calculations involving all four
operations with numbers that involve the
squares, cubes, square roots and cube
roots of integers
Exponents
Calculations using Apply the following general laws of
numbers in exponents.
exponential form
− am x an = am + n
− am ÷ an = am - n, if m>n
− (am)n = am x n
− (a x t)n = an x t n
− a0 = 1
Use the general laws of exponents to
include:
− integer exponents
𝟏
− a–m = 𝒂𝒎

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 4

 Content area Subtopic/content Skill assessed
Perform calculations involving all four
operations using numbers in exponential
form
Patterns, Numeric and Geometric Patterns
Functions
and Algebra Investigate and Investigate and extend numeric patterns
extend patterns looking for relationships between numbers
including patterns:
− represented in physical or diagram form,
not limited to sequences involving a
constant difference or ratio, represented
in tables, represented algebraically
Investigate and extend geometric patterns
looking for relationships between numbers
including patterns:
− represented in physical or diagram form,
not limited to sequences involving a
constant difference or ratio, represented
in tables, represented algebraically
Describe and justify the general rules for
observed relationships between numbers in
own words
Describe and justify the general rules for
observed relationships between numbers in
algebraic language
Algebraic Expressions
Algebraic language Identify and classify like and unlike terms in
algebraic expressions
Recognise and identify coefficients and
exponents in algebraic expressions
Recognise and differentiate between
monomials, binomials and trinomials
Expand and simplify Apply commutative, associative and
algebraic expressions distributive laws for rational numbers and
laws of exponents to simplify algebraic
expressions involving addition, subtraction,
multiplication and division operations
Determine the squares, cubes, square roots
and cube roots of single algebraic terms or
like algebraic terms
Determine the product of two binomials

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 5

 Content area Subtopic/content Skill assessed
or the square of a binomial
Determine the numerical value of algebraic
expressions by substitution
Factorize algebraic Factorise algebraic expressions that involve:
expressions
− difference of two squares
− trinomials of the form:
 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄
 𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄, where ‘a’ is a
common factor.
Simplify algebraic expressions that involve
the above factorisation processes
Simplify algebraic fractions using
factorisation
Algebraic Equations
− set up equations to describe problem
situations
− analyse and interpret equations that
describe a given situation
− Solve equations by inspection
− using additive and multiplicative inverses
− using laws of exponents
− Solve equations by substitution
− Use substitution in equations to generate
tables of ordered pairs
− using factorisation
− equations of the form: a product of
factors = 0
Functions and Relationships
Input and output Determine input values, output values or
values rules for patterns and relationships using
− flow diagrams
− tables
− formulae
− equations
Equivalent forms Determine, interpret and justify equivalence
of different descriptions of the same
relationship or rule presented:
− verbally
− in flow diagrams
− in tables
− by formulae
− by equations
− by graphs on a Cartesian plane
Graphs

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 6

 Content area Subtopic/content Skill assessed
Interpreting graphs Extend the focus on features of graphs with
special focus on the following features of
linear graphs 𝑥-intercept and 𝑦-intercept
Extend the focus on features of graphs with
special focus on the following features of
linear graphs gradient
Drawing graphs Use tables of ordered pairs to plot points
and draw graphs on the Cartesian plane
Extend the above with a special focus on
drawing linear graphs from given equations
Extend the above with a special focus on
determine equations from given linear
graphs

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 7

Natural Sciences
Strand Subtopic/content Skill/concepts assessed
Energy Forces Type of forces
and Contact forces
Change Field forces
Gravitational forces
Magnetic forces
Electrostatic forces
Electric Cells as energy Electric cells
system
Resistance Uses of resistors
Factors that affect resistance in a
circuit
Series circuits
Series and parallel circuit
Parallel circuits
Safety with electricity Safety practices
Electricity generation
Energy and the nation
Nuclear power in South Africa
electricity grid
National electricity grid
Cost of electrical power The cost of power consumption
Planet The Earth as System Spheres of the Earth
Earth and Lithosphere Lithosphere
Beyond The rock cycle
Atmosphere Atmosphere
Troposphere
Stratosphere
Mesosphere
Thermosphere
The greenhouse effect
Mining of mineral resources Extracting ores
Refining minerals
Mining in South Africa
The birth, life and death of The birth of a Star
Stars Life of a Star
Death of Star

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 8

English & Afrikaans HL and FAL
Skill Text Type Content Skill assessed
Question 1
Web Article Skimming And Scanning
Respond Critically to Elements of text
Identify Target Audience
Make Inferences on vocabulary meaning
and choice
Deduce Meaning of Words
Establish Effect of Punctuation
Comparing and Contrasting
Infer meaning of Figurative Language
Search/Retrieve Text for Information
Summarize
Draw Conclusions
Identify Manipulative Language
Make Predictions
Distinguish Between True or False
Establish Message of the Text
View Point of Writer
Identify Figurative Language
Rhetorical Devices
Account for Inclusion of Facts
Explore Possible Meanings of Idiomatic
Language
Identify and Explain Author’s Intention
Infer Meaning in Context
Give Evaluation/Decide Appropriateness
Identify Main/Supporting Ideas
Effect of Emotive Language
Question 2
Visual Advertisement Identify Target Market
Literacy Infer Meaning from Headline/Slogan

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 9

 Skill Text Type Content Skill assessed
Identify Product/Advertiser
Interpret Choice of Elements of Layout
Evaluation of Visuals
Cartoon Identify Characters
Identify Setting
Infer Meaning of Body Language
Identify and Evaluate Message
Identify Emotive Language
Infer Meaning from Visual & Verbal Clues
Make Predictions
Stereotype/Bias
Fact vs Opinion
Question 3
Summary Information text Making Notes (Main and Supporting Ideas)
Summarizing Main and Supporting Ideas in
Point Form/Paragraph as per required
length
Separate Main Ideas from Supporting Ideas
Question 4
Language Magazine article Direct/Indirect Speech
Structures & Active/Passive Voice
Conventions
Tenses
Types of Sentences
Synonyms
Conjunctions
Word Usage: Ambiguity/cliché/redundancy/
tautology/connotative/denotative
Adjectives
Formal & Informal Language
Homonyms/Homophones
Prefixes and Suffixes
Punctuation
Pronouns
Adverbs

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 10

 Skill Text Type Content Skill assessed
Verbs/Subject-Verb Agreement
Phrases/Clauses
Abbreviations/Initialism/Acronym/Truncation/
Portmanteau (Blended Words)
Spelling Patterns
Manipulative Language
Antonyms
Figurative Language
Nouns

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 11

IsiNdebele HL and FAL
Ikghono Okumumethwe Ikghono elihlolwako
mhlobo wetheksti
Umbuzo 1
(I-Athikili Ukuskima nokuskena
kamagazini
Phendula ngelimi elihlabako
/I-Athikili
amatshwayo wetheksti
yephephandaba
Ukukhombisa abamukelilwazi
/I-Athikili
Ukwenza umcabango ngehlathululo
yobunzinzolwazi)
yelwazi magama nokukhetha
Ukuthatha isiqunto ngehlathululo
yamagama
Ukutlama umphumela wamatshwayo
wokutlola
Ukumadanisa okufanako nokungafaniko
Ukwenza umcabango ngehlathululo
yelimi elifanekisako
Ukufunisisa/ukukhupha/ukubuyisa ilwazi
elisethekstini
Ukurhunyeza
Ukuthatha iinqunto
Ukukhombisa ilimi elibuqobolwana
Ukwenza ibonelelo phambili
Ukuhlukanisa hlangana nokuliqiniso
nokungasilo iqiniso
Ukutlama umlayezo wetheksti
Ukuqala iphuzu lomtloli
Ukukhombisa ilimi elifanekisako
Iimfenqo
Ukuziphendulela ngokufakwa
kwamaphuzu
Ukuhlola iinhlathululo ekungenzeka
kube ngizo zelimi elizizitjho nezaga
Khomba bewuhlathulule umnqopho
womtloli
Ukutlama ihlathululo yesizinda
Nikela ukuhlunga/thatha isiqunto
ngokufaneleko
Khomba umqondo oqakathekileko
nomqondo osekelako
Umthelela welimi elithinta imizwa

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 12

 Ikghono Okumumethwe Ikghono elihlolwako
mhlobo wetheksti
Umbuzo 2
Umtlolo I-Poster /Isikhangiso Ukukhomba abantu ekuqaliswe kibo
obukelwako Ukudzubhula okutjhiwo sihloko nanyana
siqubulo
Ukukhomba okukhangiswako/
umkhangisi
Ukudzubhulwa kwamalunga
akhethekileko wesakhiwo
Ukuhlungwa okubukelwako/
okubukelwako
Ikhathuni Ukukhomba abalingisi
Ukukhomba isizinda
Ukudzubhula ihlathululo yelimi
lomzimba
Ukukhomba nokuhlunga umlayezo
Ukukhomba ilimi elithinta imizwa
Ukudzubhulwa kwehlathululo
kokubukelwako nomtlhala wezomlomo
Iba nebonelo phambili
Ikolelolize
Umbuzo 3
Isirhunyezo Umtlolo welwazi Ukwenza amanowuthi ngamaphuzu
aqakathekileko nasekelako
Ukurhunyeza imiqondo eqakathekileko
nemiqondo esekelako ngokwamaphuzu
nobude obulindelekileko
Hlukanisa amaphuzu aqakathekileko
nasekelako
Umbuzo 4
Izakhiwo Umtlolo welwazi Ikulumo enqophileko nengakanqophi
nemithetjhwana Isibanjalo
yokusetjenziswa Iinkathi zesenzo
kwelimi Imihlobo yemitjho
Abomqondofana
Iinhlanganiso
Ukusetjenziswa kwegama: Igama
elineenhlathululo ezinengi
Iinthomo zamabizo
Umqondo ofihlakeleko/Obhamba
Abomabizwafane
Iinthomo neenlungelelo

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 13

 Ikghono Okumumethwe Ikghono elihlolwako
mhlobo wetheksti
Amatshwayo wokutlola
Iinthomo neenlungelelo
Izabizwana
Izandiso (Iinabiso)
Izenzo
Isingamutjho (umutjhwana)
Iinrhunyezo
Amaphetheni wokupeleda
Ikolelolize
Abomqondophika (Amagama
aphikisanako)
Iinkhekhe zekulumo (Iingqezu
zekulumo)
Amabizo

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 14

 IsiXhosa HL and FAL
Umxholo
Isakhono wohlobo Izakhono ezihloliweyo
lokubhaliweyo
Umbuzo 1
Inqaku Ukukrwaqula nokufunda ngokukhawuleza
lemagazini, Bhala intsingiselo yamagama angaqhelekanga
inqaku nemifanekiso
lephephandaba, Chonga iqela labantu ekujoliswe kulo
inqaku
Yenza/khetha ingqiqo kwintsingiselo yesigama
lewebhusayithi
Fumana intsingiselo yamagama
Misela ifuthe leempawu zokubhala
Ukuthelekisa nokuchasanisa
Qikelela intsingiselo efihlakeleyo
Fumana ulwazi kwitekisi
Shwankathela
Yenza izigqibo
Yenza uqikelelo
Yahlula phakathi kwenyaniso nobuxoki
Nika umyalezo wetekisi
Phicotha umbono wombali
Chonga isafobe
Izixhobo zobuciko
Nika intsingiselo engundoqo kwisiphelo
Thekelela intsingiselo yomxholo
Nika intsingiselo engundoqo kwisiphelo
Phonononga intsingiselo enokwenzeka kwizaci
Chonga ze uchaze injongo yombhali
Thekelela intsingiselo kumxholo
Nika isigqibo/yenza isigqibo ngokufanelekileyo
Chonga izimvo eziphambili/ezixhasayo
Ukuxhokonxa ingcinga ephambili
yombhali/yomfundi
Umbuzo 2
Okubonwayo Ipowusta/isibhen Chonga abantu ekujoliswe kubo
gezo - ntengiso Thabatha intsingiselo kwisihloko/kwisilogani
Chonga imveliso/intengiso
Qwalasela iimpawu zoyilo
Ukuphononongwa kokubonwayo
Ikhathuni Chonga abalinganiswa

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 15

 Umxholo
Isakhono wohlobo Izakhono ezihloliweyo
lokubhaliweyo
Chaza isimo sentlalo/chonga injongo
Thekelela ukusetyenziswa kwamalungu
omzimba
Chonga ze uvavanye iziphumo/umyalezo
Chonga ulwimi oluchukumisayo/thelekisa uze
uchase iinkcukacha
Qikelela intsingiselo kwizikhokelo ezibonwayo
nezithethwayo
Yenza uqikelelo
Ukubona izimvo ngolunye uhlobo/ukuhamba
necala elithile
Inyani okanye uluvo
Umbuzo 3
Isishwankathelo Itekisi enika Ukuzithabathela amanqaku (ingongoma
ulwazi ezingundoqo kunye nezixhasayo)
Shwankathela iingongoma ezingundoqo
nezixhasayo ngokweengongoma
ngokomlinganiselo wamagama
Yahlula iingongoma ezingundoqo kwezo
zixhasayo
Umbuzo 4
Izakhi nemigaqo Inqaku Intetho ngqo nengxelo ntetho
yokusetyenzisw lemagazini/ Izixando zezenzi / Isenzi esithatha
a kolwimi webhusayithi iinjongosenzi ezimbini
(mayingabi Amaxesha ezenzi
yitekisi efana nale Iindidi zezivakalisi
ikhethwe Izithethantonye
kumbuzo 1) Izihlanganisi
Ukusetyenziswa kwamagama
Isichazi
Ulwimi olusesikweni nolungekho sesikweni
Oomabizwafane
Izimaphambili nezimamva
Iimpawu zobhalo
Izimelabizo
Izihlomelo
Izenzi
Amabinzana/amagatya
Izifinyezi/izimeli magama/i-akhronim/
izishunquleli

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 16

 Umxholo
Isakhono wohlobo Izakhono ezihloliweyo
lokubhaliweyo
Iziphene zopelo
Ulwimi olulukuhlayo
Izafobe
Izibizo

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 17

IsiZulu HL and FAL
Ikhono Okuqukethwe Ikhono elihlolwayo
Umbuzo 1
Umbhalo Ukufunda ngokushesha ukha phezulu
okholakalayo/ong
akholakali Phendula ngokuhlolisisa izakhi zombhalo
Izethameli okuqondiswe kuzo
(I-Athikhili Cabanga ngencazelo yamagama
yephephabhuku/ nokukhethwa kwawo
yephephandaba/
Ukuthola incazelo yamagama
yewebhu)
Ukusetshenziswa kwezimpawu zokuloba
Ukuqhathanisa okufanayo nokungafani
Ukuthola ulimi olufengqayo
Ukuthola ulwazi embhalweni
Ukufingqa
Ukubhala isiphetho
Ukuthola ulimi olukhohlisayo
Ukuqagela
Ukuhlukanisa phakathi kokuyiqiniso
nokungelona
Ukwakha umyalezo otholakala esiqeshini
Umbono wombhali
Ukuthola ulimi olufengqayo
Izifengqo
Ukuveza ubufakazi ngephuzu elithile
Ukuhlola izincazelo zezaga nezisho
Ukubona uphinde uchaze inhloso yombhali
Ukuchaza incazelo yombhalo
Ukuhlola uveze izincomo
Ukuthola amaphuzu asemqoka nasekelayo
Umphumela wolimi oluchukuluza imizwa
Umbuzo 2
Umbhalo Iphosta/ Ukuthola okuqondiswe kubo
obukwayo Isikhangiso Ukuchaza okushiwo isihloko/isiqubulo

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 18

 Ukubona uhlobo lomkhiqizo/isikhangiso
Amasu okukhangisa
Umphumela wokusetshensiswa kwamasu
ezinto ezibonakalayo
Ikhathuni Ukugagula abalingiswa
Ukuveza isizinda nokuthola inhloso
Ukuchaza okushiwo yizitho zomzimba
Ukuhlunga nokuhlaziya umyalezo
Ukuqonda ulimi oluchukuluza imizwa
Ukuthola incazelo kususelwa kokubonwayo
nokukhulunywayo
Ukuqagela
Inkoleloze/inkolelo engaguquki/ukuchema
Iqiniso kanye nombono
Umbuzo 3
Ukufingqa Umbhalo odlulisa Ukubhalo amanothi (Imibono esemqoka
umyalelo nesekelayo)
Ukufingqa ngamaphuzu asemqoka
nasekelayo noma ngesigaba ngokobude
bombhalo olindelekile
Ukuhlukanisa imiqondo esemqoka
kwesekelayo
Umbuzo 4
Izakhiwo I-Athikili Inkulumongqo/ inkulumombiko
nezimiso (yephephabhuku/ Imisho lapho omenzi beba izinhloko zemisho
zokusetshenzi yewebhu/ kanye nemisho lapho omenziwa beba
swa kolimi yephephandaba) izinhloko zemisho
Izinkathi zesenzo
Izinhlobo zemisho
(Akungabi
efanayo naleyo Amagama amqondofana
yombhalo Izihlanganiso
okhethiwe
Ukusetshenziswa kolimi: olukhulunywa
kumbuzo -1) ikakhulukazi yintsha/oluqondwa kuphela
yilabo abalusebenzisayo
Isichasiso
Ulimi oluqondile/olugudliselayo
Omabizwafane kanye nophimbohluka
Iziqalo nezijobelelo

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 19

 Izimpawu zokuloba
Izabizwana
Izandiso
Inhloko/isilandiso/umenziwa nezivumelwano
Imishwana/ibinzana lamagama
Izifinyezo
Isipelingi
Inkolelo engaguquki/inkoleloze
Amagama aphikisanayo
Izifengqo
Amabizo

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 20

Sepedi HL and FAL
Mabokgoni Setšweletšwa ka Mabokgoni a tekolo
sebopego sa diteng
Potšišo 1
Setšweletšwa sa go Sekima le sekena
balwa Go fetola ka tsinkelo go diemelente tša
setšweletšwa
(Athikele) Tšweletša sehlopha sa balebišwa
Go dira dithumo tša tlotlontšu le kgetho
Bapetša mmolelwana wa mantšu
Go hwetša ditlamorago tša tšhomišo ya
maswaodikga
Go bapetša le go fapantšha
Go ntšha dika
Go nyaka tshedimošo gare ga setšweletšwa
Kakaretšo
Phihlelelo ya mafetšo
Laetša polelo ya go jabetša
Dira dikakanyo
Bapetša gare ga nnete le maaka
Tšweletša molaetša wa setšweletšwa
Go tšweletša kgopolo ya mongwadi
Tšweletšo ya dikapolelo
Go tseneletša dintlha
Tlhathollo ya dika
Tšweletšo le tlhathollo ya maikemišetšo a
mongwadi
Tlhathollo ya mantšu ao a kgethilwego go
tšwa setšweletšweng
Efa tekolo
Tšweletšo ya dintlhakgolo
Tlhohleletšo ya go tsoša maikutlo
Potšišo 2
Litheresi ya Papatšo Tšweletša sehlopha seo se lebeletšwego
go bonwa Tšweletša sehlopha seo se lebeletšwego
Tšweletšo ya sebapatšwa/mmapatšwa
Boikano ka kgetho ya mareo
Tekolo ya dibonwa
Khathune Tšweletša baanegwa
Tšweletša tikologo
Hlaloša ditho tša mmele ka mokgwa wo di
dirišitšwego

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 21

 Mabokgoni Setšweletšwa ka Mabokgoni a tekolo
sebopego sa diteng
Tšweletšo le tekolo ya molaetša
Tšweletšo ya maikutlo
Tlhalošo ya ditšweletšwa tša go bona le tša
go bolela
Efa kakanyo
Kgopolotee
Potšišo 3
Kakaretšo Ditšweletšwa tša Go dira sengwalokakanywa (dikgopolokgolo
tshedimošo le dintlha tlaleletšo)
Kakaretšo ya dintlha tše bohlokwa ka
mokgwa wa go ngwala ka dintlha
Kgaogantšho ya dikgopolokgolo go tšwa go
dintlha tša tlaleletšo
Potšišo 4
Dibopego Athikele ya kuranta Polelotebanyi/polelotharedi
le tšhomišo Tiro/tirwa
ya polelo (E se ke ya swana le Mabaka
athikele ya potšišo ya Mehuta ya mafoko
1) Mahlalošetšagotee
Makopanyi
Tšhomišo ya mafoko go tšweletša tlhalošontši
Mahlaodi
Polelo ya dika/polelothwi
Homonimi
Dihlogo le meselana
Maswaodikga
Mašala
Mahlathi
Madiri
Mafoko
Khutšofatšo
Patrone ya mopeleto
Kgopolotee (stereothaepe)
Maganetši
Tšhomišo ya dika tša polelo
Maina

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 22

Sesotho HL and FAL
Mofuta wa
Bokgoni Bokgoni bo tla lekolwa
tema
Potso 1
Tema eo e Ho okola le ho tlodisa mahlo
seng ya Ho arabela ka tsela e hlokolosi ho makgetha a
dingolwa/ tema
Tema tsa Hlwaya baamohedi ba ditaba
dingolwa Ho akanya moelelo le kgetho ya mantswe
Makasine/atike
Ho fumana sepheo sa tshebediso ya Matshwao
le ya
a puo
koranta/atikele
Ho bapisa le ho fapanya
ya webosaete
Akanya moelelo wa mekgabiso puo
Fuputsa/ fumana tema bakeng sa
tlhahisoleseding
Kgutsufatsa
Nka qeto
Ho hlwaya puo e susumetsang
Ho etsa dikakanyo/Ho akanya
Ho bontsha phaphang pakeng tsa nnete le
mafofisa
Ho fumana molaetsa wa tema
Lekola ntlhakemo ya mongodi
Hlwaya mekgabiso puo
Ho tsehetsa karabo ka dintlha/mabaka
Ho fana ka meelelo e fapaneng ya maele
Hlwaya le ho hlalosa maikemisetso a Mongodi
Akanya moelelo
Akanya moelelo wa puo maemong
Ho lekola/Nka qeto ka e nepahetseng
Hlwaya mohopolo wa sehlooho le wa tlatsetso
Ditlamorao tsa puo e fehlang maikutlo
Potso 2
Tema e Papatso Hlwaya baamohedi ba ditaba
bohuwang Ho akanya moelelo ho tswa ho Dihlooho le
Mapetjo
Hlwaya sehlahiswa/Mmapatsi
Ho akanya kgetho ya makgetha a sebopeho
Ho lekola ditema tse bohuwang
Khathunu/ Hlwaya baphetwa/dibapadi/ makgetha a kerafo
kerafo Hlwaya Tikoloho/sepheo

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 23

 Mofuta wa
Bokgoni Bokgoni bo tla lekolwa
tema
Ho akanya moeleo wa tshebediso ya mmele/
moelelo wa kerafo
Ho hlwaya le ho lekola molaetsa/diphetho
Ho hlwaya puo e fehlang maikutlo/ho bapisa le
ho fapana ha dintlha
Ho akanya moelelo wa ditshwantsho le
tlhahisoleseding e tswang puong
Ho etsa Dikakanyo
Ho tadima ditaba ka leihlo le leng/leeme
Dintlha papisong le mehopolo
Potso 3
Kgutsufatso Tema ya Ho ngola Dinoutsu tsa mohopolo wa sehlooho le
tlhahiso o tshehetsang
leseding Kgutsufatsa mohopolo wa sehlooho le o
tshehetsang ho latela ditaelo tsa hore o ngole
ka dintlha le bolele bo bo lebelletsweng
Arohanya mehopolo ya Sehlooho ho e
Tshehetsang
Potso 4
Dibopeho le Tema e fanang Poupehelo le Puommui
Melao ya ka tlhahiso Puommui le puosebui
Tshebediso ya leseding Mefuta ya makgathe
Puo Mefuta ya dipolelo
Mahlalosonngwe
Makopanyi
Tshebediso ya mantswe: Botemengata
Makgethi
Mantswe a ngolwang ka ho tshwana empa a na
le meelelo e mengata
Mopeletotshwano
Dihlongwapele le Dihlongwanthao
Matshwao a puo
Maemedi
Mahlalosi
Maetsi
Dipolelwana
Mahokedi
Dikgutsufatso/akronimi
Paterone tsa Mopeleto
Bonngwe le bongata
Malatodi

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 24

 Mofuta wa
Bokgoni Bokgoni bo tla lekolwa
tema
Mekgabisopuo
Mabitso

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 25

Setswana HL and FAL
Kgono Diteng tsa mofuta wa Kgono e e tlhatlhobiwang
setlhangwa
Potso 1
Ditlhangwa tsa Go okola le go tlodisa matlho
dikwalo/ tse e seng tsa Araba ka tsenelelo dintlhana tsa
dikwalo setlhangwa
Athikele ya Supa gore e lebisitswe go bomang
Lekwalodikgang Tsaya tshwetso ka bokao jwa tlotlofoko
le tlhopho ya yona
Dipotso tsa tlhophontsi Farologanya gareng ga ntlha le
kakanyo
Lemoga bokao jwa mafoko
Tlhomamisa seabe sa matshwao a
puiso
Go bapisa le go farologanya
Go tsaya tshwetso ka bokao jwa Puo
ya botshwantshi
Batlisisa/Nopola tshedimosetso mo
setlhangweng
Tshobokanyo
Tsaya tshwetso
Tlhaola puo e e digelang
Dira diponelopele
Farologanya gareng ga Nnyaya le Ee
Batlisisa molaetsa wa setlhangwa
Ntlhakemo ya mokwadi
Tlhaola Puo ya botshwantshi
Arabela tsenyeletso ya dintlha
Batla bokao jwa diane
Supa le go tlhalosa maikaelelo a
mokwadi
Tsaya tshwetso ya bokao o ikaegile ka
bokaelo
Tlhatlhoba/tsaya tshwetso e e
tshwanetseng
Supa dintlhakgolo/dintlhatlaleletso
Seabe sa puo ya maikutlo
Potso 2
Ditlhangwa tsa Phasalatso Bolela gore e lebisitse go bomang

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 26

 Kgono Diteng tsa mofuta wa Kgono e e tlhatlhobiwang
setlhangwa
pono Dipotso tsa tlhophontsi Go tsaya tshwetso ka bokao o ikaegile
ka setlhogokgolo/Moono
Supa Kungo/Mmapatsi
Go tsaya tshwetso ka tlhopho ya
malepa/diponagalo
Tlhatlhobo ya ditlhangwapono
Khathunu Supa badiragatsi
Tlhalosa boalo
Go tsaya tshwetso ka Puo ya Mmele
Supa le go tlhatlhoba molaetsa
Tlhaola Puo e e amang maikutlo
Go tsaya tshwetso ka bokao o ikaegile
ka ditshupi tsa pono le tsa molomo
Dira diponelopele
E e tsayang letlhakore
Ntlha le kakanyo
Potso 3
Tshosobanyo Setlhangwa sa Go tsaya dintlha (Dintlhakgolo le
tshedimosetso Dintlhatlaleletso)
Sobokanya dintlhakgolo le
dintlhatlaleletso ka dintlha/temana ka
boleele jo bo lebeletsweng.
Kgaoganya dintlhakgolo go tswa go
dintlhatlaleletso
Potso 4
Dipopegopuo Athikele ya Puosebui/Puopegelo
le melawana lekwalodikgang Tira/Tirwa
Dipaka
Mefuta ya dipolelo
Makaelagongwe
Makopanyi
Tiriso ya mafoko: bokaogabedi
Matlhaodi
Puo e e tlhamaletseng le e e sa
tlhamalalang
Makwalwatshwana/ditumatshwana
Tlhogo/Mogatlana
Matshwao a puiso
Maemedi (Lesupi, letlhophi)
Matlhalosi
Madiri

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 27

 Kgono Diteng tsa mofuta wa Kgono e e tlhatlhobiwang
setlhangwa
Dipolelwana
Dikhutshwafatso, Ditlhakaina,
Diakeronimi
Dipaterone tsa mopeleto
Puo e e tlhotlheletsang
Diane
Puo ya botshwantshi
Maina

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 28

Siswati HL and FAL
Luhlobo
Likhono Emakhono Lahloliwe
Lwalokucuketfwe
Umbuto 1
I-Athikili nendzaba Kufundza ngekunyanyalata nekukha etulu
lemfisha Kuphendvula ngalokujulile ngetakhi tetheksthi
Kwati Licembu Lelihlosiwe
Kucabanga kabanti ngenshokutsi nekukhetsa
silulumagama
Kwenta umehluko emkhatsini kwaLokuliciniso
neMibono
Kutfola inshokutsi yemagama
Kutfola Imiphumela yetiphumuti
Kucatsanisa ngalokuphikisako
Kutfola inshokutsi yelulwimi
lolungumfanekisomcondvo
Kutfola/kubhala itheksthi yelwati
Kufinyeta
Kwakha Tiphetfo
Kubona Lulwimi Loluhhungako
Kucagela
Kwehlukanisa emkhatsini kweLiciniso
naLokungesilo Liciniso
Kutfola umlayeto weTheksthi
Liso lembhali
Kubona Tinongo Tenkhulumo
Kuchaza kabanti ngekufakwa kwalokungemaciniso
Kutfola tinchazelo ngelulwimi lolusebentisa tisho
Kubona nekuchaza inhloso yembhali
Kuchaza inshokutsi yalokucuketfwe
Hlola/Nika tincumo ngekuhambelana
Bona imicondvo lebalulekile/ imibono lesekelako
Imiphumela yelulwimi lolutsintsa imiva
Umbuto 2
Ematheksthi Imidvwebolwati Tfola tetsamelilwati letihlosiwe
Latibonwa Kutfola inshokutsi ngesihloko/Sicubulo
Kubona umkhicito
Kutfola ngekukhetfwa kwetakhi tesakhiwo
(ifonti, umbala)
Kuhlolwa kwetibonwa
Emagrafu Kubona timphawu tegrafu
Kubona lokuhlosiwe
Kuchaza inshokutsi yemagama
Kubona nekuhlola umlayeto/umphumela

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 29

 Luhlobo
Likhono Emakhono Lahloliwe
Lwalokucuketfwe
Kubona nekucatsanisa iminininngwane yegrafu
Kuchaza inshokutsi yetinkhomba
letibonakalako
Kucagela
Inkhulumo Leyinkholelo Lite
Lokungemaciniso nalokumibono
Umbuto 3
Sifinyeto Itheksthi yelwati Kufinyeta Imibono Lebalulekile naLesekelako
ngeMaphuzu ngeBudze lobemukelekile.
Kubhala emanotsi (Imibono lebalulekile
nalesekelako)
Yehlukanisa Imibono Lebalulekile
kuLesekelako.
Umbuto 4
Takhi Netimiso Umbhalo welwati Inkhulumongco nenkhulumombiko
Telulwimi Sibanjalo/Imphambosi yekwentiwa
Tikhatsi tesento
Tinhlobo Temisho
Bomcondvofana
Tihlanganisi
Kusetjentiswa kwemagama: Inshokutsi
lebhacile nenshokutsi lesebaleni
Tichasiso
Emagama enhlonipho
Bomabitwafanana
Ticalo netijobelelo
Timphawu tekubhala.
Tabito
Tandziso (sendzawo, sesimo, sesikhatsi)
Tento netivumelwano tetento
Imishwana/Emabintana
Tifinyeto/Ema-akhronimi.
Emaphethini elupelomagama.
Inkholelolite/kutsatsa luhlangotsi/levusa imiva
Bomcondvophika
Tinongo tenkhulumo
Emabito

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 30

Tshiven»a HL and FAL
Tshikili Tshibveledzwa tsha Tshikili tsho lingwaho
lushaka lwa
magudiswa
Mbudziso ya 1
Tshibveledzwa tsha U sikima na u sikena
ḽitheraḽa na tshine tshi si U fhindula nga u sedzulusa
vhe tsha ḽitheraḽa zwiteṅwa/elemende zwa tshibveledzwa
U ḓivha tshigwada tsho livhiswaho
khatsho
Atikiḽi ya magazini
U humbulela kha ṱhalutshedzo ya
ḓivhaipfi na u nanga
U swikelela kha ṱhalutshedzo ya maipfi
U sumbedza masiandaitwa a ḓiswaho
nga ndongazwiga
U vhambedza na u fhambanya
U humbulela ṱhalutshedzo ya luambo
lwo dzumbamaho
U ṱodisisa tshibveledzwa u itela u wana
mafhungo
U nweledza
U ita phendelo
U topola luambo lwa u fhuredzela
U humbulela
U fhambanya vhukati ha Ee kana Hai
U bveledza mulaedza wa tshibveledzwa
Kuhumbulele/kuvhonele kwa muṅwali
U topola figara dza muambo
Vhuḓifhinduleli kha u dzhenisa mbuno
U wana ṱhalutshedzo nga vhuḓalo dzo
lavhelelwaho kha luambo lwa maidioma
U ṋea na u ṱalutshedza muhumbulo wa
muṅwali
U humbulela ṱhalutshedzo kha nyimele
U ṱhaṱhuvha kana u dzhia tsheo i re
yone
U topola muhumbulo muhulwane na i
tikedzaho
Masiandaitwa a luambo lwa nyanyuwo
Mbudziso ya 2

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 31

 Tshikili Tshibveledzwa tsha Tshikili tsho lingwaho
lushaka lwa
magudiswa
Tshibveledzwa Khungedzelo U topola/ḓivha vhubindudzi ho
tsha u tou livhiswaho khaho
vhonwa U humbulela ṱhalutshedzo i bvaho kha
ṱhoho/siḽogeni
U ḓivha tshibveledzwa/mukungedzeli
U humbulela kunangele kwa zwitenwa
zwa tshivhumbeo
U ṱhaṱhuvha zwine zwa tou vhonwa
Khathuni U topola/ḓivha vhaanewa
U bvisela khagala fhethuvhupo/U topola
ndivho
U humbulela ṱhalutshedzo ya luambo
lwa muvhili lwo shumiswaho
U topola na u ṱhaṱhuvha
mulaedza/mvelelo
U topola luambo lwa nyanyuwo/u
vhambedza na u fhambanya
U humbulela ṱhalutshedzo zwi tshi bva
kha ludungela lwa zwine zwa khou tou
vhonwa kana u ambiwa
U humbulela
U sedza zwithu nga iṱo ḽithihi/
Luvhengelambiluni
Mbuno/ Muhumbulo
Mbudziso ya 3
Manweledzo/ Tshibveledzwa tsha U ṅwala notsi (u nweledza muhumbulo
Samari mafhungo muhulwane na i tikedzaho)
U nweledza muhumbulo muhulwane na i
tikedzaho nga nḓila ya u tou ṅwala
mbuno/pharagirafu u ya nga ha vhulapfu
ho teaho
U fhambanyisa muhumbulo muhulwane
na i tikedzaho
Mbudziso ya 4
Zwivhumbeo Nganeapfufhi/tshiṱori Tshipitshi tsho livhaho na tshi so ngo
na Milayo zwa tshipfufhi livhaho
kushumisele Maambaita na maambaitwa
kwa Luambo Makhathi/Zwifhinga
Tshaka dza Mafhungo
Pfanywa

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 32

 Tshikili Tshibveledzwa tsha Tshikili tsho lingwaho
lushaka lwa
magudiswa
Maṱanganyi
Kushumisele kwa ipfi: Ambigwithi
Maṱaluli
Luambo lwa fomaḽa na lu si lwa fomaḽa
Homonimi
Thangi na mitshila
Ndongazwiga
Masala
Maḓadzisi
Maiti
Mafurase/mafhungodavhi
Pfufhifhadzo/Inishialaizesheni/
akhironimi
Phetheni ya Mupeleṱo
Luambo lwa u fhuredzela
Mafhambanyi
Figara dza muambo
Madzina

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 33

Xitsonga HL and FAL
Vuswikoti Muxaka wa Vuswikoti lebyi kamberiwaka
vundzeni bya
xitshuriwa
Xivutiso xa 1
Switshuriwa swo ka Hlaya hi ku hatlisa hi xikongomelo xo kuma
swi nga ri swa vuxokoxoko hi ku angarhela na ku hlaya hi
matsalwa ku hatlisa hi xikongomelo xo kuma mongo
eka hungu
(atikili ya magazini/ Hllamula hi vuxoperi eka swiyenge swa
atikili ya xitshuriwa
phephahungu/ atikili Kombisa ntlawa lowu ku kongomisiwaka
ya webusayiti) eka wona
Endla minkumbetelo eka nhlamuselo ya
ntivomarito na ku hlawula
Humesa nhlamuselo ya marito
Tumbuluxa nkucetelo wa mapeletelo
Fananisa na ku hambanisa
Kumbetela nhlamuselo ya ririmi ro gega
Lava vuxokoxoko eka xitshuriwa
Katsakanya
Vumba nkatsakanyo
Kombisa ririmi ro tlhontlha matitwelo
Endla minkumbetelo
Hambanisa exikarhi ka ntiyiso na
mavun’wa
Tumbuluxa hungu ra tsalwa
Mavonelo ya mutsari
Kombisa swigaririmi
Swivutiso swo ka swi nga lavi ku
hlamuriwa
Tiva ku katsa leswi nga swa ntiyiso
Valanga tinhlamuselo leti nga va ka ta
swivulavulelwana
Hlawula u tlhela u hlamusela xikongomelo
xa mutsari
Minkumbetelo ya nhlamuselo ya rito eka
mbangu.
Pima nkoka
Kombisa timhakankulu
Nkucetelo wa ririmi ro tlhontlha matitwelo

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 34

 Vuswikoti Muxaka wa Vuswikoti lebyi kamberiwaka
vundzeni bya
xitshuriwa
Xivutiso 2
Xitshuriwa xo Xinavetiso Kombisa ntlawa lowu ku kongomisiweke
voniwa eka wona
Kumbetela nhlamuselo ya xilogene
Kombisa xinavetisiwa/munavetisi
Kumbetela ku hlawula ka xivumbeko xa
swiyenge
Hlela swo voniwa
Khathuni Kombisa vatlangi
Kombisa mbangu/xikongomelo
Nkumbetelo wa nhlamuselo ya ririmi ra miri
Kombisa na ku kambela hungu
Kombisa ririmi ro ntlhonthla
Nkumbetelo wa nhlamuselo ku suka eka
vuthala bya swo voniwa na bya swanomo
Bvhumba
Vona mhaka hi tihlo rin’we
Xivutiso 3
Nkatsakanyo Xitshuriwa xa Teka tinotsi (Timhakankulu na miehleketo
mahungu yo seketela)
Katsakanya u xaxameta timhakankulu na
miehleketo yo seketela ku ya hi vulehi lebyi
lavekaka
Hambanisa timhakankulu na miehleketo yo
seketela
Xivutiso 4
Swiaki na Atikili Marito ya muvulavuri/marito yo runguriwa
milawu ya (Magazini/webusayiti/
matirhiselo ya phephahungu)
ririmi
Minkarhi ya maendli
Tinxaka ta swivulwa
Vamavizweni
Mahlanganisi
Matirhiselo ya marito: nhlamusela leyi yi
nga twisisiwaka hi tindlela to hambana.
Mabumabumeri
Ririmi ra mafundza na ro ka mafundza
Tihomonimi
Swirhangi na swilandzi

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 35

 Vuswikoti Muxaka wa Vuswikoti lebyi kamberiwaka
vundzeni bya
xitshuriwa
Mahikahatelo
Masivi
Maengeteri
Maendli
Swivulwana na swivulwahava
Nkomiso wa marito na akhironimi
Tipatironi ta mapeletelo
Ririmi ro onga
Maritofularha
Swigaririmi
Maviti

Subject Guidelines for the 2024 GEC Tests 36