CHAPTER 5 Properties and Solutions of Triangle 5.1-5.10 DPP 5.1 Sine Rule, Napier Rule, m-n Theorem 5.1 DPP 5.2 Cosine Rule and Projection Rule 5.3 DPP 5.3 Half Angle Formulas, Area of Triangle and Solution of Triangle 5.4 DPP 5.4 Circumcentre and Incentre of Triangle 5.6 DPP 5.5 Orthocentre and Centroid of Triangle 5.8 DPP 5.6 Excentres of Triangle and Regular Polygon 5.10CHAPTER Properties and Solutions of Triangle DPP 5.1 Sine Rule, Napier Rule, m-n Theorem Single Correct Answer Type 1. Ina triangle ABC, 24 = 55°, 2B = 15° and ZC = 110", Then &~ a? is equal to (a) ab (b) 2ab (©) ~ab 2. Ina triangle ABC, #24 = 3b +c, hen possible relation (@) None of these ) PP +e @ 2(a+b+e),then (6) 4,6 Bare in AP. (@) none of these 3. Ina triangle ABC (@) 4,8, © BA, are in AP, are in A, 4. Angles 4, Band C ofa triangle ABCare in AP. 1f © = then 24 is equal to a (@ m2 () x3 (©) Saiz @ m2 5. A circle of area 20 sq. units is centred at the point 0. Suppose AABC is inscribed in that circle and has area 85g. units. The central angles a, land yare as shown in the figure. The value of (sin a+ sin f+ sin 7 is equal to an 3 in 4 2n oF @ © oF 6 maaBc, 2B=% and ZC= © .Disapointon BC which 6 ividesit inthe aio 1:3, Now, consider the folowing two statements Sy:cot B= 43-5 Sx: (seo%) an cup =coi() ac av -9 (@) Only, iste (b) Only iste (©) Both s; ands, (@) Both, and S; ae tue Multiple Correct Answer Type 7. Leta, band c be the lengths of sides of triangle ABC. If a= 2c and cos (A C)-+ eos B= 1, then the value of Cis () x6 (&) 23 (©) 293 @ sx6 8, Let 4, B and Che the angles ofa triangle such that sin? 4 + sin? B= sin? C. Then (@) sin A+ sin B> sin © (b) tan A tan B= 1 (© sinatsinB=1 — (@) tan AtanB<1 9, Ifin AABC, ZC = 224 and AC = 2BC, then which of the following isfare true? (@) Angles 4, B, C are in arithmetic progression. (b) Angles 4, C, B ae in arithmetic progression (©) AABC isa right-angl (@ BC+0s of AABC osceles triangle. Ris the circumradius8.2. Tigonometry 10, In AABC, AB =9 and AC= 175. Ifthe altitude from 4 to aaa dep side BC intersects it at M sueh that AM= 3, then © Sees {@) radius of circle which cireumscribes AABC is 26.25, (b) radius of circle which circumseribes ABM is 4.5. (©) orthocentre of AABC lie outside AABC. (@) omthocentre of AABC lie inside AABC. Numerical Value Type 12, Ina MABC,a2b26.10 it 11, If'ina triangle ABC, Bis the angle determined by cos @= sin’ Asin? Basin C (a bye, then the maximum value of ais 13, Ina ABC, the maximum value of cos? A+ boos? 3 +coos? & 16 —2-_2 2. Jig atbte Le Aye Key Fs Single Correct Answer Type 16 20 420 40 5S 6@ ‘Multiple Correct Answers Type 7d) 8% (b) 9% (bd) 10. (a,b) 1. @d) Numerical Value Type 12.2) 13. (12)Properties and Solutions of Tangle. 6.3 DPP 5.2 Cosine Rule and Projection Rule Single Correct Answer Type 5. Triangle ABC is right angled at A. Two points P and Q are as ‘on hypotenuse BC such that BP= PO=QC. IF AP=3 and AQ=4, then the length BC is equal to 1. In AABG, if be= 267 cos A + 2c? c0s A Abe € AMBCis @ 358 © 58 (a) isosceles but nt necessarily equilateral o48 @7 (©) equilateral (6) right angled but not necessarily isosceles Linked Comprehension Type (@) sight angled isosceles For Questions 6 and 7 2, Given that AABC has different side lengths a6 and e. I InABC, the median AD is perpendicular AC, b= Sande 11 a’, b° and c*, as sides, form another APOR, then which of 6. The value of a is the following statements is true? @ 10 12 (@) AABC is acue angled. 4 @% (6) A4BC isn obtuse angled. 7. The value of 0s dis (6) AABC muy be acute angled or obtuse angled @ sm oo (d) None of these ©) S/L (@) 6/11 3. Inatriangle A4BC, ifsin’A + sin’C= 1001-sin"B, then the 2an A + tanC)-tan? B an d+ an B+ ne Numerical Value Type value of # nasne,itp=3,o004= 2 and sos = 5 ton te or! ae value of Sis Ca tooo 9. ABC is an equilateral triangle where AB = a and P is pe oe any’ point i it plane such that Pd ~ PB PC. Then 300 380 PA PB + PC? 4. Theacute angle of shombus whose sei the gsometrc Te nea ofits gona 10, Let AD, BE and CF be the alitudes of ABC, where 1s 20 a: :6~3;5:4 Ihe mid points of BC, CA and AD are 30" @ 9° ,, Pyand P,respostively, such tha PD * PyE P,P=22, thena+b+e Answer Key Single Correct Answer Type 16 wo Sy 40 50) Linked Comprehension Type 60 720 Numerical Value Type & (14) 9.) 10. (120)5.4 Tigonometry DPP 5.3 Half Angle Formulas, Area of Triangle and Solution of Triangle Single Correct Answer Type 1. naa, ittan4 tan + tan 2 tan 2°22 273 (a) 36 (b) 26 2 (© 302 @ 4% 2 4 co ® no, crear Inawinnle nc ito 4c 2 =e, et ct $ cee and cot cot 4 cot cot $ 6 sta(tesin sn sn) (@) none of these In triangle ABC, sides a, b and angle A are given, then SG. SG ey Cand BG) (oa (ind (9 ma (o ead @- 9. Two sides of a triangle are of lengths V6 and 4. Ifthe ou anal pose smaller side 30 ten ow many sch triangles are possible? 3. The diagonals of a parallelogram are inclined to each a ot other at an angle of 45°, while its sides a and b (a> b) are of en inclined to each other at an angle of 30°, Then the value © SS i 10, Let ABC and 48°C be two non-congruent triangles with opis sides BC=B'C= 5, AC=6and 2A is fixed. IFA, and A, are a5 theareas ofthe two triangles ABC and 48°C respectively, » > ‘AE + Al ~244y C0824 then the value of is @ Bt (A+ Any © 2 (a) 9836 (0) 25/36 (©) 25/16 (@) 16/25 4. Inatrangle anc, if2a* = — © then itis _ Cone Multiple Correct Answers Type (2) equilateral (b) isosceles but not sight angled oe ML Intrangle ABC itan 4 ton B= and ab =4, then ates the value of ¢ean be a : @ 1s 2 5. In any triangle, the area As 7", them the langest © 25 @3 possbke mupacical vast gis 12. Leta, 6 and c be the respective measures of the sides ; ¥, AC, CA and AB of AABC on xy plane, If abscissae and © ¢ ondinates of vertices ofthe triangle are integers and R is @3 @4 its cicumradius, then 28 can be equal to 6, Inany wiangle ABC, if2Aa~ He = where Ais the area 8 of tangle, then which of the following is possible? (a) abe (b) abe (@) Bis obtuse (6) is obtuse 9 abe (© Cisobnuse () Bis right angle © gare oF 7. MAABC, asa) + ls 6) +0) 7 7 (@) AR(o0s A+ 008 B +008 6) 13, Inada ian 4 =3 and tan 2 = 22 then which of te () 4RA(sin A + sin B + sin ©) following isiare correct?(@) B> Ze (©) a>b>e (b) £B<20 @ acb List List @e (@ be Oh © 26 | nat amanged ato! (Ei @) a= 6 nth (@) Diameter of cicumeicle oF wiangle [ity 22 (a) 30° (b) 60° Aydply is equal to © 90° @ 48 @ Circummadias oF tangle FAB is equal| (ivy) 4D fin triangle ABC, rs and D is the mid-point of e @ (xGii), O00), (0, 4) () (-Gi), 2G, G89), 0) (©) (Gi), 9, OMiv), iD (2) O)-iv), 2), BME), Ci) Numerical Value Type 9. Consider a regular polygon of n sides. If ratio of radii of| Bl shen enn inscribed and circumscribed cireles is 10. If the arca of a regular polygon of 12 sides is 27(2 + V3) sq. units, then the length ofthe side ofthe polygon is units === Answer key —_—_—_—_——————————— Single Correct Answer Type 1 Mul 6. o 2@ 32@ le Correct Answers Type @b) 7 Ged) 4b) 5.) Matrix Match Type ©) Numerical Value Type 9. 2) 10. 6)828 Tigonomeny CHAPTER 5 DPP 5.1 Dividing, we gst . 1 sin( 7%) MS Single Correct Answer Type oeeae 2 = sin (cop coe NE Tass 2 oe 2 = sin? 110° sin? 55° = cot B= 43-5 ay =F (sin 10°+ sin 55° (in 110° sin 55° vesin, 2 AC 2 (sin 3S og58°Y ou! Sin sin sin “eat iat ant £2 sin 165° sin 55° = 1G = (ksi 15°) sin 55°) = ab = (3) n=(s 5 )ac ° 4 a 20) ae Mutiplying equation) and @), we get 3.0) a bh be ne gD eae) ve @ aa? 2)= 2-8) (x03) anos s(Z) ac 3-5) = sin A(sin?4 — sin®B) = sin B(sin7C — sin?B) P A = sin sig —C)-sn(a + C)= sin B iC B) inf C+B) ; = Ee aa ” : Multiple Correct Answer Type ~ 7.0) > cos(4—C)+ cos B=1 40 cos (4-C)-cos (4+ O)=1 5.(@) Weave, x 1 0 Now, a=2e, so by sine rule, sind=2sin€ 2 From (i) And (i), we get 4sintC= 1 = 2sind sin 1 Now, 2° (sin a+ sin B+ sin = 8 (Given 3 Bison 8 (Given) = snc-1 = cf 2 8.04.0) , sin? 4+ sin? B=sin? C 3 +B ae > LC~ mand, B< wd Wom Ax Since A+B: 20 5 a Also, sin A> sind, sin B> sin? > Sin At sin B> sina + sin®B ~ sink 9.08) 10.04.00) & stan Aton B=1 2 From the figure, sind In AABC, using sine rule, we wet 178 sind) RoR 2s In AABH, sing sn le, we 2%, sw > R\= 4.5, where Ris crcumradius of MBM.Solutions $27 Lad 40 5 Numerical Value Type 12.) Using, a= 2R sin 4, 0=2R si QR-8 > R-1 a= 2Rsin <2 =2 B,C =2R sin C; we have 18.02) 2s neos? 5 + cc0s cos’ 4s boos! arbre sin 4008? 4 4 sin Boos? # 4 sin Coos? © 6 sind sinB+ sin sin A+ 08) +sin B+ e088) +sinC(+e0sC) & aw rae in BsinC @ DPP 5.2 Single Correct Answer Type Linked Comprehension Type cm cane ye 6h Prono . = becosd>O e ‘B a aware Suen Sevan an eae . Sov MBC snag ving, Using sn 408, ne et 3. (d) sin? 4 + sin’C= 1001 sin? B i BD = P+e= 1001 # (using sine rte) Sint=0) — Sind =90%) w Mandan) 9 _ en +B fA OW Yan A+ tan B+ tan ‘tan A.tan B.tanC sin? 2cos A (eaAvouc),_ 2440. y sa Daame ose d ® ‘cot B Sin Asin C.cos From (i) and (ii), we get sm 2541214! 2D) 196 or a=14 Also, 0s A=$828 Tigonomety Numerical Value Type 8.04) 9.(2) Give that A= PB-+ PCand ABC is equilateral los on the are BC of crcumeitcl of ABC 4 Z8PC= 120° Using cosine rein ABPC, PB + PC! BC" 2PB-PC = PB. PC= Pa PCa = 2PB. PC= 2a? 21H + PC) Again, P= PH + PC PE PB + PC +2PB-PC = PAPE PC + 2a? 217 + PC) os 12 = Peper 10.020) 4 gy a DR np-ar,-20- com aoe +2) (bende) 2a c-a)eta) Similarly, PxE = a ana pyp= = bila+b) 2e Givena:b:e=3:5:4 a= 3k, b=Sko= ak at bbe= 12k= 120 DPP 5.3 Single Correct Answer Type 1.00) Ay 3 [Sea HD 2@) catenS- [9,88 — Ot SG -He- Eh G-ae 1 1 +e 2@ 4.(@ Wehave wash +e)= ae ere+e (*) 1 4 a) 2 = sintd + sin®B + int 2 => cos 2d +08 2B + cos 2C=-1 =1+ 40s A c08 B cos C. cos A cos B eos C= 0 0s A =0 or cos 2 =0 or cos C Hence, the triangle i right angled. 5@) 6.0) sin B= 1 then a? =? +2, which is not possible sinBet Bae 2h cos A Hence, angle 4 is obtuseAbove uation has two rots ad cy e,4e,~ 2beo8 A andeey~ B=? sind sin By = sin B sing, = 2d sincy= S80 sing, , sin _ ete sin ‘sind 4 9.(@) CL=AC sin 30° =2<%6 So, two triangles will be formed. 10.(6) According othe question, we get the following diagram: Now, we have cos 4a S2E= 2x6xe > AA (2eos Aye =O Thus, + ¢ 44 he Aay 40rd | 4 Gray Aces A Multiple Correct Answers Type Hebe a) Solutions $29 12.@,b,a) Area of AABC, A= 2 aR Aad) COD BA.) Since all the points are integral leas area is shown in above figure. sq. units as aad 2 2B < abe Rao 14.0) +B 2ab eos © = (a BP + 2a C08 ©) 40 Sine Hence fore tobe minimum, a=. = (a-0F + 49 (1-c0s) Labsinc 2 15.6) Linked Comprehension type 16.(0),17.(@) acos A+ Boos B+ coos arbee = Esin24+ sin28+ sin 2c 2” sind sin B+ 2sin Asin BsinC _ 1 Snd+sinB sind 2 ©" Basin Tisina Also, 4 sn Asin B sin C= sin A + sin B+ sin C _, abe _atbre sR OR = Mex = Baw R = = 4k Therefore, the triangle is equilateral8.30 Tigonomety Matrix Match Type Now, AT = s(5~ 4) (5-6) (se) = 25 S(S—ayS BSc) = 28 125 -25(a+b +0) + S(ab+be+ ae) —abe = 5 loot tone) ¥eter_ mI 2RAA BxINS 5 Balen Numerical Value Type 19.108) ‘According the question, we get 4 af Or’ 26 ue d tc ol Pera. ee wire 520 2a 48 = 124243 xS =108 8 abe ARS yp pea? 20.) OE ares abe Therefore, the maximum value of —2°°— is 2.0) DPP 5.4 Single Correct Answer Type Axty+2)_ 2Roosd+ RoosB+RoosC) Le © r ned +e +280 3 2) Ghent: 23:15 $0. ABC ms beaut onb-e- din 2-8 (bysine Now, a cot? + teot'B + c'eat'C LY s(eusy (LY s(n na(q) ere) e) oles RRR _34F43_ 39 AB RET Pig Bee es 0 4@ = 1=8(1 cos A) cos. 4 ‘Therefore, e0s Aisa root ofthe equation 8 Sx +1 = 0, 4 208.4 +608 B+ cos C e084 +608 C= 1 (01 AE~ AD (where E and D are feet of perpendiculars from O and I, respectively, on AC) cos B 4 =|(62)-(6- 0) _ le=el a = Risin Asin CLinked Comprehension Type 6.(0,7.(4) Prom the figure, 00 = 0G -O'G= Rr’ OF = DF 4 BF BDI OD~ EF = R cos 4 Projection of 00’ on 10’ = EO= O'F + FE=r! + Roos A "Now in AOEOY, use Pythagoras theorem and then solve. 80,9.) 10.0) B — c ‘Since the tine joining © and Fis parallel to BC, O1= DE and OD = IE OD~ Rews A,JE~r r= Reosd cos ==: Rod = occsdst > Each 27 38459 M1. (@) Since ODET is square, OD ~ OI. o1 = VR 2k 2@ Solutions $31 Hence, triangle is equilateral 13.0), 14.0, 18.) We are given that “ ae oO Putin the values of AR, BP and Cin elation), wet | |e ‘i boing 48; yiyetel ‘ te we Imrcangs yan, he bth equation (i) ad i remain uncnged “Thereoe, AABC snacks wih 2B £C ad hence, So, from (i) and (ii), we get x=3-5) Oo) and 24+)? ©) Solving (iv) and (v), we get ad 1 apa... BP~3r,C0~3r Now print, 20 24k 2-2 CQ= 2 For perimeter tohave the smallest possible integral vale, 2 oa a arse2x2l 227 deanna 7 Numerical Value Type asin cos 4 16.08) 28,= may ing “ 2 2 ? sinAsin sin < = eed832 Tigonomeny 1.0) 4 E é ® b a 4 pp atbseysce4 iD BD wp __ _wbroney 4D ~ he abe bre? Now, Hu 4S ae a Ste a bre bb a4 WD" ATID” ashe BD, te IE ashe wD" BE" CF" axbec 4 8 © = adres we nar esee ie +ctar byee’ a+ see D+ marsee e+ elar sce SIF 2abe « 18 (4) Clery, points CD, Fand E ae concyci. 4 G 5 s D . EID 2-C ac Inaper, zore= 5—¢ Similarly, ZEDF= 74 and cre = 8 DPP 5.5 Single Correct Answer Type 1.(@) Given O4= HA > R=2Reosd > cosd= aa-k 2.(@) A= 28 sind sin BsinC Simla, 2S) sinaas 2Bsin2C z 4® sin Asin B sin C0 C cos B cos C Zo 21 Now & = 2205 400s Beos 2 + where eos? B+ sin? ee a4 So, AABC is equilateral => Moos’ cos + co 3.) 4.0) 5 00-C_9-B_B+C cena eee Multiple Correct Answers Type ZBIc Sabo d) In he figure, D isthe mid-point of BC: 4 B D c Using Apollonius theorem, we pet6.0.0) Ina triangle, onhocentre (1), centroid (G) and cireumeentre (O) are collinear. Also, G divides HO inthe ratio 2:1 Given that HG = 6 units GO™ 3 units and HO~9 units Dis the mid-point of BC. Matrix Match Type be Sind” sinB” sine HD = Distance of onhocentre from side BC 2 cos feos C 2R cos 45%os 60° Distance of orthocenter from vertex B 2Reos FD~b 0s B=2 ¢08 45° = 22 R CCircumradis of triangle DE? L 4 &@ LOIN, Using properties of median, we vet PBC APCA = SPAB APBC:APCA: APAB=1:1:1 @) APBC: APCA:APAB rae A sos LS @ [Ceo BH APBC: APCA: APAB 1 : Fal2Roossoosc) (aRcosCeosB): Fe(2Reos AcosB) Solutions $33 = sin A cos B cos C: sn B 608 Coos A: sin C e084 60s B tan 45° tan 60° tan 75° 18:45) APBC: APCA: APAB sin 2c J rtsin2a: 4 sin2B 2 2 sin 2 : sin 28 sin 2C sin 90° sin 120° sin 150° 2258 Numerical Value Type 9.an) 10. 25) According tothe question, Risin 24 + sin 28 + sin 2C]=2r AR sin Asin Bsin C Me IM co d+conB +cosC=1+ @ be R DPP 5.6 Single Correct Answer Type 1.(b) We know that ina ABC, nintnaaktr > 4R+r=9r = R=» ‘Therelore, A4BC is equilateral 2@) n- Now.) -r= Ter 6r=R834 Tigonometry tAytnd cos? Axctan4 22 sin ARtcos! Sictin 4 =2R sind 5.00) r)=2r=3y Matrix Match Type ao SF Ea wz V2 = widen ponent \Y2c0s30°= 26 Diameterof cicumeivl of angle Ff = 208) = 443 CCircumradivs of tangle AB Alera ana 7 a) Numerical Value Type ‘9412) Lat re the aus of inserted cle and be the vd of scribed ie, As riety ro are in LP, sin = £2 BH ints eer ae geigaP 278 eee jo reas hr omen so. p38 pp = aheinst. 0 Also,a=b-re=24 (Giver) 10.(6, Are of regular polygon, $= 12,0=16-@ Also, (5a) (@—B)E=2) = 24 (viven) 3 12-(12-g (12-8) (12-06 a) = 596 = (a-H(a-1)=0 or 10 Hence, the sides of triangle are 6,8, 10 Clearly, the length of longest side of triangle s 10,