Department of Chemistry

Name:____________________
University of Texas at Austin
Neutralization Practice – Supplemental Worksheet KEY

1. A salt is produced in the reaction between an acid and a base. A salt is a(n) ionic
compound in which the anion is neither O2- nor OH-.

2. Identify the salts among the following compounds:

CaO, HClO4, Na2SO4, NH3, CH4, CH3NH2, Ba(OH)2, H2C2O4, H2O2, K2O,
NH4Cl, Fe(OH)3, C6H6, HOCN, Li3PO3.

3. Write down the products of the following neutralization reactions, balance the
equations and name the salts:

a. H2SO4 + 2NaOH  Na2SO4 + 2H2O sodium sulfate

b. 2 H3PO4 + 3 Ca(OH)2  Ca3(PO4)2 + 6H2O calcium phosphate

c. 2 HClO4 + Sr(OH)2 Sr(ClO4)2 + 2H2O strontium perchlorate

d. 2 HNO3 + Ba(OH)2  Ba(NO3)2 + 2H2O barium nitrate

e. CH3COOH + NaOH  NaCH3COO + H2O sodium acetate

f. HF + LiOH  LiF + H2O lithium fluoride

g. H2SO3 + Ba(OH) 2  BaSO3 + 2H2O barium sulfite

h. HCN + KOH  KCN + H2O potassium cyanide

i. H2CO3 + 2 NaOH  Na2CO3 + 2H2O sodium carbonate

j. 2 HIO + Ca(OH)2  Ca(IO)2+ 2H2O calcium hypoiodite

4. What volume of a 0.025 M lithium hydroxide solution, LiOH, is needed to react

completely with 75 mL of a 0.50 M nitric acid solution, HNO3? Do not forget to
write a balanced chemical equation!
𝐻𝑁𝑂3 + 𝐿𝑖𝑂𝐻 → 𝐿𝑖𝑁𝑂3 + 𝐻2 𝑂

75 𝑚𝐿 𝐻𝑁𝑂3 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑛 1 𝐿 𝐻𝑁𝑂3 𝑠𝑜𝑙′𝑛 0.50 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻𝑁𝑂3 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿𝑖𝑂𝐻 1 𝐿 𝐿𝑖𝑂𝐻 𝑠𝑜𝑙′𝑛
| | | | | |
1000 𝑚𝐿 𝐻𝑁𝑂3 𝑠𝑜𝑙′𝑛 1 𝐿 𝐻𝑁𝑂3 𝑠𝑜𝑙′𝑛 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻𝑁𝑂3 0.025 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿𝑖𝑂𝐻
= 1.5 𝐿 𝐿𝑖𝑂𝐻 𝑠𝑜𝑙′𝑛

Strategy used: Since the molarity of the LiOH solution is known, calculating the
number of moles of LiOH in the solution allows the determination of the volume.
The problem gives the molarity and volume of the HNO3 solution which allows

Revised CR 1/14/14 © LaBrake & Vanden Bout 2013

Department of Chemistry
Name:____________________
University of Texas at Austin
the calculation of the number of moles of nitric acid. The stoichiometric ratio is
then used to determine the number of moles of LiOH.

Stepwise Explanation:

First, calculate the number of moles of nitric acid that reacted (Note: Do not forget
to convert the volume of the acid to liters!)
75 𝑚𝐿 𝐻𝑁𝑂3 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑛 1 𝐿 𝐻𝑁𝑂3 𝑠𝑜𝑙′𝑛 0.50 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻𝑁𝑂3
| | | | = 0.0375 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻𝑁𝑂3
1000 𝑚𝐿 𝐻𝑁𝑂3 𝑠𝑜𝑙′𝑛 1 𝐿 𝐻𝑁𝑂3 𝑠𝑜𝑙′𝑛

Second, use the stoichiometric ratio from the chemical equation to figure out the
corresponding number of moles of LiOH:

0.0375 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻𝑁𝑂3 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿𝑖𝑂𝐻

| | = 0.0375 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝐿𝑖𝑂𝐻
1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻𝑁𝑂3
Finally, use the molarity of the LiOH solution and the calculated number of moles of
LiOH to calculate the volume used.
0.0375 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿𝑖𝑂𝐻 1 𝐿 𝐿𝑖𝑂𝐻 𝑠𝑜𝑙′𝑛
| | = 1.5 𝐿 𝑜𝑓 𝐿𝑖𝑂𝐻 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
0.025 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿𝑖𝑂𝐻

5. What volume of a 0.025 M calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2, solution is needed to

completely neutralize 75 mL of a 0.50 M perchloric acid solution, HClO4?
𝐶𝑎(𝑂𝐻)2 + 2𝐻𝐶𝑙𝑂4 → 𝐶𝑎(𝐶𝑙𝑂4 )2 + 2𝐻2 𝑂

75 𝑚𝐿 𝐻𝐶𝑙𝑂4 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑛 1 𝐿 𝐻𝐶𝑙𝑂4 𝑠𝑜𝑙′𝑛 0.50 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻𝐶𝑙𝑂4 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶𝑎(𝑂𝐻)2 1 𝐿 𝐶𝑎(𝑂𝐻)2 𝑠𝑜𝑙′𝑛
| | | | | |
1000 𝑚𝐿 𝐻𝐶𝑙𝑂4 𝑠𝑜𝑙′𝑛 1 𝐿 𝐻𝐶𝑙𝑂4 𝑠𝑜𝑙′𝑛 2 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻𝐶𝑙𝑂4 0.025 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶𝑎(𝑂𝐻)2
= 0.75 𝐿 𝐶𝑎(𝑂𝐻)2 𝑠𝑜𝑙′𝑛

Strategy used: Same strategy as the previous problem. Since the molarity of the
Ca(OH)2 solution is known, calculating the number of moles of Ca(OH)2 in the
solution allows the determination of the volume. The problem gives the molarity
and volume of the HClO4 solution which allows the calculation of the number of
moles of perchloric acid. The stoichiometric ratio is then used to determine the
number of moles of Ca(OH)2.

Stepwise Explanation:

First, calculate the number of moles of perchloric acid that reacted (Note: Do not
forget to convert the volume of the acid to liters!)
75 𝑚𝐿 𝐻𝐶𝑙𝑂4 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑛 1 𝐿 𝐻𝐶𝑙𝑂4 𝑠𝑜𝑙′𝑛 0.50 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻𝐶𝑙𝑂4
| | | | = 0.0375 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻𝐶𝑙𝑂4
1000 𝑚𝐿 𝐻𝐶𝑙𝑂4 𝑠𝑜𝑙′𝑛 1 𝐿 𝐻𝐶𝑙𝑂4 𝑠𝑜𝑙′𝑛

Second, use the stoichiometric ratio from the chemical equation to figure out the
corresponding number of moles of Ca(OH)2:

Revised CR 1/14/14 © LaBrake & Vanden Bout 2013

Department of Chemistry
Name:____________________
University of Texas at Austin
0.0375 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻𝐶𝑙𝑂4 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶𝑎(𝑂𝐻)2
| | = 0.01875 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝐶𝑎(𝑂𝐻)2
2 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻𝐶𝑙𝑂4
Finally, use the molarity of the LiOH solution and the calculated number of moles of
LiOH to calculate the volume used.
0.01875 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶𝑎(𝑂𝐻)2 1 𝐿 𝐶𝑎(𝑂𝐻)2 𝑠𝑜𝑙′𝑛
| | = 0.75 𝐿 𝑜𝑓 𝐶𝑎(𝑂𝐻)2 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
0.025 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶𝑎(𝑂𝐻)2

6. A 10.0 mL sample of 0.20 M chloric acid solution is required to neutralize 20.0

mL of sodium hydroxide solution, NaOH.

a. What is the molarity of the sodium hydroxide solution?

𝐻𝐶𝑙𝑂3 + 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 → 𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑙𝑂3 + 𝐻2 𝑂
10.0 𝑚𝐿 𝐻𝐶𝑙𝑂3 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑛 1 𝐿 𝐻𝐶𝑙𝑂3 𝑠𝑜𝑙′𝑛 0.20 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻𝐶𝑙𝑂3 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻
| | | |
1000 𝑚𝐿 𝐻𝐶𝑙𝑂3 𝑠𝑜𝑙′𝑛 1 𝐿 𝐻𝐶𝑙𝑂3 𝑠𝑜𝑙′𝑛 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻𝐶𝑙𝑂3
= 2.0 × 10−3 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻

2.0 × 10−3 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑠 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻

𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦 = = 0.10 𝑀 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 𝑠𝑜𝑙′𝑛
0.020 𝐿 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑛

Strategy used: One needs to calculate the number of moles of NaOH and use the given
volume of the NaOH sol’n to determine the molarity. So, use the given molarity and
volume of HClO3 sol’n to calculate the number of moles of the acid and use the
stoichiometric ratio to calculate the corresponding number of moles of NaOH. The
given volume of the NaOH sol’n is then used to determine the molarity.

b. What is the molarity of the salt that forms?

10.0 𝑚𝐿 𝐻𝐶𝑙𝑂3 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑛 1 𝐿 𝐻𝐶𝑙𝑂3 𝑠𝑜𝑙′𝑛 0.20 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻𝐶𝑙𝑂4 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑙𝑂3
| | | |
1000 𝑚𝐿 𝐻𝐶𝑙𝑂3 𝑠𝑜𝑙′𝑛 1 𝐿 𝐻𝐶𝑙𝑂4 𝑠𝑜𝑙′𝑛 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻𝐶𝑙𝑂3
= 2.0 × 10−3 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑙𝑂3

Note that the volume of the final solution is: 20.0 mL (NaOH sol’n) + 10.0 mL (HClO3
sol’n) = 30 mL or 0.030 L

2.0 × 10−3 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑠 𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑙𝑂3

𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦 = = 0.067 𝑀 𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑙𝑂3
0.030 𝐿 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑛
Strategy Used: One needs to calculate the number of moles of NaClO3 and use the
TOTAL volume of the sol’n to determine the molarity of the salt.

7. A 10. mL sample of 0.20 M hydrochloric acid solution is required to neutralize

20. mL of barium hydroxide, Ba(OH)2.

a. What is the molarity of the barium hydroxide solution?

𝐵𝑎(𝑂𝐻)2 + 2𝐻𝐶𝑙 → 𝐵𝑎𝐶𝑙2 + 2𝐻2 𝑂

Revised CR 1/14/14 © LaBrake & Vanden Bout 2013

Department of Chemistry
Name:____________________
University of Texas at Austin
10.0 𝑚𝐿 𝐻𝐶𝑙 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑛 1 𝐿 𝐻𝐶𝑙 𝑠𝑜𝑙′𝑛 0.20 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻𝐶𝑙 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐵𝑎(𝑂𝐻)2
| | | |
1000 𝑚𝐿 𝐻𝐶𝑙 𝑠𝑜𝑙′𝑛 1 𝐿 𝐻𝐶𝑙 𝑠𝑜𝑙′𝑛 2 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻𝐶𝑙
= 1.0 × 10−3 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐵𝑎(𝑂𝐻)2

1.0 × 10−3 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑠 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻

𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦 = = 0.05 𝑀 𝐵𝑎(𝑂𝐻)2 𝑠𝑜𝑙′𝑛
0.020 𝐿 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑛

b. What is the molarity of the salt that forms?

10.0 𝑚𝐿 𝐻𝐶𝑙 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑛 1 𝐿 𝐻𝐶𝑙 𝑠𝑜𝑙′𝑛 0.20 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻𝐶𝑙 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐵𝑎𝐶𝑙2
| | | |
1000 𝑚𝐿 𝐻𝐶𝑙 𝑠𝑜𝑙′𝑛 1 𝐿 𝐻𝐶𝑙 𝑠𝑜𝑙′𝑛 2 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻𝐶𝑙
= 1.0 × 10−3 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐵𝑎𝐶𝑙2

Note that the volume of the final solution is: 20.0 mL (Ba(OH)2 sol’n) + 10.0
mL (HCl sol’n) = 30 mL or 0.030 L

1.0 × 10−3 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑠 𝐵𝑎𝐶𝑙2

𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦 = = 0.033 𝑀 𝐵𝑎𝐶𝑙2
0.030 𝐿 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑛

Strategy Used: Same as number 3.

8. We use 625.0 mL of a sodium hydroxide, NaOH, solution to completely neutralize

4.50 grams of phosphoric acid.
a. What is the molarity of the NaOH solution?
3𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 + 𝐻3 𝑃𝑂4 → 𝑁𝑎3 𝑃𝑂4 + 3𝐻2 𝑂
4.50 𝑔 𝐻3 𝑃𝑂4 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻3 𝑃𝑂4 3.0 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻
| | | | = 0.138 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑠 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻
98.0 𝑔 𝐻3 𝑃𝑂4 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻3 𝑃𝑂4
Molarity of the NaOH solution:
0.138 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦 = = 0.221 𝑀 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
0.625 𝐿 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑛
b. What are the name and the mass of the salt that forms?
Name of the salt: sodium phosphate
Mass of the salt:
4.50 𝑔 𝐻3 𝑃𝑂4 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻3 𝑃𝑂4 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑁𝑎3 𝑃𝑂4 164 𝑔 𝑁𝑎3 𝑃𝑂4
| | | | = 7.53 𝑔 𝑁𝑎3 𝑃𝑂4
98.0 𝑔 𝐻3 𝑃𝑂4 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻3 𝑃𝑂4 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑁𝑎3 𝑃𝑂4

Strategy used: Use the number of moles of phosphoric acid and the stoichiometric ratio
to determine the number of moles of the salt. Then, use the molar mass of the salt, 164
g/mol to determine its mass.

9. What volume of 0.405 M KOH solution is needed to react completely with 2.15 g
of copper (II) sulfate, CuSO4? The products of the chemical reaction are copper
(II) hydroxide and potassium sulfate.
2𝐾𝑂𝐻 + 𝐶𝑢𝑆𝑂4 → 𝐶𝑢(𝑂𝐻)2 + 𝐾2 𝑆𝑂4
2.15 𝑔 𝐶𝑢𝑆𝑂4 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶𝑢𝑆𝑂4 2 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾𝑂𝐻 1 𝐿 𝐾𝑂𝐻 𝑠𝑜𝑙′𝑛
| | | | = 0.0665𝐿 𝐾𝑂𝐻 𝑠𝑜𝑙′𝑛
159.6 𝑔 𝐶𝑢𝑆𝑂4 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶𝑢𝑆𝑂4 0.405 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾𝑂𝐻

Revised CR 1/14/14 © LaBrake & Vanden Bout 2013