No.

of pages - 12 (M)
MARKING SCHEME
MID-TERM EXAMINATION (2024-25)
CLASS : X
SUBJECT : SCIENCE (086)
Time Allowed : 3 hours Maximum Marks : 80

General Instructions:

(i) This marking scheme has answers given in 5 sections.

(ii) In each section, weightage of marks has been mentioned.

(iii) Value points have been given against each part/sub-part of the answer.

(iv) Expected answers are given in the marking scheme any alternate correct response should

be awarded accordingly.

(v) The answer key must be strictly followed.

**********

SECTION-A

1. (d) 2FeSO 4  Fe2O3 2

SO SO3 1

2. (b) Hydrogen gas 1

3. (d) Baking soda 1

4. (c) Sodium hydrogen carbonate and tartaric acid 1

5. (d) 16 1

6. (d) Anal sphincter 1

1 X-SCIENCE-M
7. (c) Cuscuta (amar-bel) & Tape-worms 1

8. (c) Adrenaline: Pituitary gland 1

9. (d) Medulla in Hind-brain 1

10. (b) Chemotropism 1

11. (c) Behind the mirror, Enlarged, Virtual and erect 1

12. (b) away from the normal 1

13. (d) Tyndall effect 1

14. (c) Ciliary muscles 1

15. (d) Pollutants 1

16. (d) 1% 1

17. (c) A is true but R is false. 1

18. (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. 1

19. (c) A is true but R is false. 1

20. (b) Both A and R are true, and R is not the correct explanation of A. 1

21. (I) (a) Combination reaciton 1+1

(b) Photo-decomposition reaction 1

OR

2 X-SCIENCE-M
 (II) (a) Fe(s) + CuSO4 (aq) → FeSO4(aq)+ Cu(s) 1

Or any other correct equation

(b) A redox reaction is defined as a reaction in which oxidation and reduction

take place simultaneously (or any appropriate explanation) 1

22. X-CaSO4.½H2O (Plaster Of Paris) and Y-CaSO4.2H2O (Gypsum) ½+½

CaSO4.1/2H2O+1½H2O → CaSO4.2H2O 1

23. (a) Deer eats grass need a longer small intestine to allow the cellulose to be digested

whereas Meat is easier to digest. 1+1

(b) During day CO2 is required for photosynthesis process.

24. (I) (a) Cytokinins ½x4=2

(b) Abscisic acid

(c) Auxin

(d) Gibberllins

OR

(II) (a) Medulla ½x4=2

(b) Cerebrum

(c) Cerebellum

(d) Medulla

3 X-SCIENCE-M
25. (i) Excessive curvature of eye lens & 1+1

(ii) Elongation of the eye ball

26. (a) Trophic level 1+1

(b) Explain biological magnification (Human occupy highest level in any food chain)

SECTION-C

27. Acidity or basicity of a solution indicated by pH of a solution. Measurement of

H+ ion conc. 1

Garden B soil is more acidic as pH is lower than A. 1

Plant will not go properly in garden B. 1

28. (a) 1+1

(b) one magnesium (Mg2+) ion and two chloride (C ) ions. 1

4 X-SCIENCE-M
29. (a) Alveoli 1

(b) Haemoglobin 1

(c) Nostrils/Nose 1

30. Reflex arc pathway by nerve impulse from receptor to effector organ during reflex

action. 1

Example Flow chart/Diagram of any reflex arc like sneezing/touching hot object or any

other. 2

31. (I) Virtual and erect, same size, same distance as equal to object distance from the

mirror, laterally inverted (any three) 1x3=3

OR

(a) The incident ray, refracted ray and the normal to the interface of two medium at

the point of incidence, all lie on the same plane. 1

sin  i
 constant
sin  r

(b) Concave lens – virtual, erect image 1

Concave lens – real, inverted image 1

5 X-SCIENCE-M
32. (a) Hypermetropia 1

(b) Focal length = 1/P = 1/2.5 = 0.4 m, 1

Convex lens 1

33. (a) Cataract-Crystalline lens of people at old age becomes milky and cloudy causes

partial or complete loss of vision. 1

Presbyopia-Power of accomodation of eye lens decreases with age, Suffer from

myopia and hypermetropia both. 1

(b) Cataract corrected by surgical methods. Presbyopia by using bi-focal lenses. 1

SECTION-D

34. (I) (a) Metals are very reactive elements. So, they combine with other non metal to

complete their octet. 1

(b) to prevent their reaction with oxygen, moisture and carbon dioxide of air so

as protect as they are highly reactive metals. 1

(c) The acid present in the lemon or tamarind neutralises the basic copper

carbonate and dissolves the layer. 1

(d) Copper does not react with water or steam, while iron reacts with steam to

corrode the tank 1

6 X-SCIENCE-M
 (e) Zinc is more reactive than tin. Tin only reacts with very strong acids.

However, zinc can react with simple acids found in food. Hence, in order to

prevent food poisoning, the food cans are coated with a cheap, less reactive

metal like tin. 1

OR

(II) (a) By passing electric current, impure metal dissolves from the anode into the

electrolytic solution. The positive copper ions move towards the cathode,

composed of pure copper. The metal cations absorb electrons from the

cathode and are deposited on the cathode as Cu atoms. Thus, pure copper is

produced at the cathode. 2

(b) Metals-sonorous, ductile, malleable 1+1

Non-metals- non sonorous, not ductile, not malleable

(or any other two properties)

7 X-SCIENCE-M
35. (I) (a) Absoprtion of light energy by chlorophyll 1x3=3

Conversion of light energy to chemical energy and splitting of water

molecule & Reduction of carbon dioxide to carbohydrates.

(b) Phagocytosis in amoeba: Holozoic mode 1+1

Steps wise explanation/can be explained by diagram too.

OR

(II) (a) 1x3=3

(b) Fishes have two chambered heart, blood is pumped to gills; oxygenation

done and passes directly to the rest of the body. Blood goes only

once through the heart in the fish during one cycle of passage through the

body. 1+1

8 X-SCIENCE-M
36. (I) Given

u = -30 cm

f = - 30cm

1 1 1
(i) Lens formula   ½
v u f

1 1 1
 
v 30 30

Solve for v = v = -15 cm ½

v  15
(ii) m   0.5 1
u  30

Image is virtual and erect diminished and at a distance of 15 cm from optical

centre, same side of object. 1

(iii) 2

9 X-SCIENCE-M
 OR

II. (a) Given

R = 30 cm

R 30
F   15cm
2 2

u = –20 cm, h0 = 5 cm

Apply mirror formula ½

1 1 1
 
v u f

Solve for v

v = 8.57 cm ½

Image is virtual and erect and formed behind the mirror.

 v hi
m  ½
u ho

Solve for hi  hi = 2.14 cm

Position of image = behind the mirror ½

Nature of image = virtual and erect ½

Size of image = Diminshed ½

(b) P = 1/f, -4 = 1/f, f = -1/4, f = -0.25 m, it’s a concave lens +11

10 X-SCIENCE-M
 SECTION-E

37. (a) Corrosion 1

(b) Silver, Copper (or any other correct answer) ½+½

(c) by painting, galvanisation, greasing etc. (or any other correct response) 1+1

OR

(d) When an object made of iron comes in contact with moist air for some time, it

undergoes a chemical change and forms iron oxide, Fe2O3 1+1

38. (a) Pancreas 1

(b) With help of endocrine system/Hormones. 1

(c) Exercise/Healthy diet/ Manage stress (any other two correct response) 1+1

OR

(d) Diabetes is caused by high sugar level in blood. Diabetic patients are treated by

giving injections of insulin as it lowers the blood sugar level by controlling the

metabolism of sugar. 2

11 X-SCIENCE-M
39. (a) VIBGYOR (Violet Indigo, Blue, Green, Yellow, Orange and Red) 1

(b) The sun is always behind the obsever. 1

(c) Dispersion of sunlight by a prism

OR

(d) Refraction, dispersion, and total internal reflection. 2

12 X-SCIENCE-M