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Physics Exp3

Physics Exp3

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25 views

Physics Exp3

Physics Exp3

Uploaded by

rafiboss1234
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CHITTAGONG UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING,


CHATTOGRAM-4349, BANGLADESH.
COURSE NO.: EEE 112
Experiment No. 3

Verification of Kirchhoff’s Current Law(KCL) and Current Divider Rule


(CDR)

Instructions:
 Revise the lecture notes on the topic KCL and CDR (Course code: EEE111).
 Read this laboratory manual carefully prior to start the laboratory class.
 DO NOT copy others.
 Submit your lab report before the roll call.
Objectives:
(a) Experimental Verification of Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL) and Current Divider Rule
(CDR).
Required Instruments:
1) Variable DC Power Supply
2) Multi-meter/voltmeter
3) Ammeter
4) Resistors
5) Connecting Wires
6) Bread board
Kirchhoff’s Current Law: Kirchhoff’s current law (KCL) states that the algebraic sum of the
currents entering and leaving an area, system, or junction is equal to zero. In other words, the
sum of the currents flowing into a point in a circuit is equal to the sum of the currents flowing
out of the same point. Figure 1 describes the scenario.
Figure – 1 Circuit diagram of KCL.
The KCL can be expressed by the following mathematical expression,

∑ = ∑

Where, I1 + I4 = I2 + I3

Current Divider Rule: The electrical current entering into the node of a parallel circuit is
divided into the branches. The CDR is employed to calculate the magnitude of divided current
in the circuits.
Some conditions are,
(a) For two parallel elements of equal value, the current will divide equally.
(b) For parallel elements with different values, the smaller the resistance, the greater the
share of input current.
(c) For parallel elements of different values, the current will split with a ratio equal to the
inverse of their resistive values.
Or

Figure – 2 Circuit diagram of CDR.

Circuit Diagram:

Figure – 3 Circuit diagram for the verification of KCL and CDR.


Steps to follow:
1. Connect the three resistors R1, R2 and R3 in parallel with a variable DC power supply
as shown in Fig. 6.
2. Apply a constant DC voltage (preferably in the range of 0-15V) from the variable DC
power supply.
3. Take the readings of I, I1, I2 and I3 using ammeters. Record the data in the Table 2.
4. Repeat the steps 2 and 3 by varying the voltage from DC power supply and record the
data in the Table 2.
5. Verify the KCL (I = I1 + I2 + I3) for each set of data.
6. Verify the CDR (Ix = (Gx/GT)*I) for each set of data.

Table 1 (experimental data):

I = I1 + I2
RT=(R1-1 +R2-1 RT= E/I
No. of E(volts) I I1 I2 I3 + I3
+ R3-1)-1(ohm) (ohms)
Obs. (Given) (amps) (A) (A) (A) (amps)
(Theoretical) (Practical)
(Practical)

Reports:
1. Provide the results in tabular form.
2. Comment on the results and anomalies (if any).
Home Task:
Include the answers of the following questions in your lab report –
1. State the rules of connecting ammeter and voltmeter in the circuit.
2. If an ammeter is connected in parallel across an element, what could be the possible
danger?
3. Why the rheostats have current ratings in addition to the resistance ratings?
4. KCL is the restatement of the Law of the conservation of charge” – justify the
statement.
5. “KCL is applicable for close circuit too” – justify the statement.
6. Show analytically that, for a parallel circuit –

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