0% found this document useful (0 votes)
28 views3 pages

Number Systems - Short Notes (Mathematics)

notes

Uploaded by

aalekh0304
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
28 views3 pages

Number Systems - Short Notes (Mathematics)

notes

Uploaded by

aalekh0304
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Class 9th

Mathematics
Short Note

Chapter-1 NUMBER SYSTEM

Natural Numbers
• Non-negative counting numbers excluding zero are called Natural Numbers.
N = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ……….

Whole Numbers
• All natural numbers including zero are called Whole Numbers.
W = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, …………….

Integers
• All natural numbers, negative numbers and 0, together are called Integers.
Z = – 3, – 2, – 1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, …………..

Rational Numbers
p –3 7
• The number is called Rational if it can be written in the form of where ‘p’ and ‘q’ are integers and q ≠ 0, ,
q 2 8
etc. are rational numbers.

To find a rational number between two given numbers:


x+y
• Let x & y be two given rational numbers & z be a rational number between them. then, z =
2

Note: There could be infinite rational numbers between any two rational numbers.

Decimal representation of rational numbers:


1. Finite or terminating decimals:
7
Example : =0 .875
8

2. Non-terminating recurring rational numbers:


2.1 Pure recurring decimals:

Example: 0.6,0.16,0.123

2.2 Mixed recurring decimals:

[1]
Example: 2.16,0.35,0.785

Irrational numbers:
• The number which cannot be rational is called irrational.

Example - 2 , 7 , 11 ,  etc.

Real Numbers:
• All numbers including both rational and irrational numbers are called Real Numbers.
7
R = – 5, – , 0, 3 , and 11 .
8

Properties of Real Numbers:


1. The sum, difference, product and quotient of two rational numbers will be rational.
2. If we add or subtract a rational number with an irrational number then the result will be irrational.
3. If we multiply or divide a non-zero rational number with an irrational number then the result will be irrational.
4. The sum, difference, product and quotient of two irrational numbers could be rational or irrational.

Representation of Irrational Numbers on the Number Line


• Let x be an irrational number. To represent it on the number line we will follow the following steps:

ALGORITHM
STEP I : Obtain the positive real number x (say)
STEP II : Draw a line and mark a point A on it.
STEP III : Mark a point B on the line such that AB = x units.
STEP IV : From point B mark a distance of 1 unit and mark the new point as C.
STEP V : Find the mid-point of AC and mark the point as O.
STEP VI : Draw a circle with centre O and radius OC.

[2]
STEP VII : Draw a line perpendicular to AC passing through B and intersecting the semi-circle at D. Length BD is equal
to x.

 x→
A O B C E
x
1

Rationalization of Denominator:
If a, b are positive real numbers, then
1
(i) Rationalisation factor of is a
a
1
(ii) Rationalisation factor of is a b
a b
1
(iii) Rationalisation factor of is a b
a b

Laws of Exponents for Real Numbers:


If a, b are positive real numbers and m, n are rational numbers, then
(i) am × an = am+n
(ii) am  an = am–n
(iii) (am)n = amn
1
(iv) a – n =
an
(v) (ab)n = anbn
n
a an
(vi)   = n
b b

( a)
m 1 m

( )
m
(vii) an = a m n
i.e., a n = n
am = n
, m, n  N

(viii) a0 = 1

PW Web/App - https://smart.link/7wwosivoicgd4
Library- https://smart.link/sdfez8ejd80if

[3]

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy