ICT- TECHNOLOGIES

ICT - INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY

{ collectively refers to the technologies, enable humans to communicate with one another. }

WORLD WIDE WEB - system that enables you to access hypertext documents and other files
over the internet. { proposed by Tim Berners-Lee in 1989. }

EVOLUTION OF WEB { WEB 0.1, WEB 0.2, WEB 0.3 }

WEB 1.0 - websites were connected through hyperlinks.

➢Web pages are static ➢Website contents and layouts are inseparable ➢Website contents
are stored in files ➢Website are proprietary HTML tags ➢Websites do not embed guestbook in
the
content page ➢Website forms are usually sent by email

WEB 2.0 - evolution of Web 1.0 by adding dynamic web pages.

1. include social networking
2. sites, blogs, wikis, video sharing sites
3. Web applications.

WEB 3.0 - deliver web content specifically targeting the user in fast manner
➢ Web 3.0 is known as Semantic Web. ➢ The aim of Web 3.0 is to have machines understand
the user’s preferences { COMPATIBILITY, SECURITY, VASTNESS, VAGUENESS, LOGIC }

TRENDS IN ICT - these technologies make life more comfortable and enjoyable.

CONVERGENT TECHNOLOGIES - Where different technologies are unified in one technology

technological advancements to work on a similar goal or task.

MOBILE TECHNOLOGIES - The popularity of smartphones and tablets. latest model devices
use 4G LTE Networking and 5G which is the fastest mobile network.

SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS - Social media is a website, application, or online channel that
enables web users to create, co-create, discuss, modify, and exchange user-generated content.

ASSISTIVE MEDIA - Devices that are adaptive, assistive, and rehabilitative to the elderly and
to people with special needs. { MOBILITY AID, HEARING AID, VOICE RECOGNITION,
SCREEN READERS, SCREEN ENLARGEMENT }
ONLINE SYSTEMS, FUNCTIONS AND PLATFORMS

ONLINE SYSTEMS - Online systems refer to the integrated and collaborative use of software,
hardware and the internet to deliver their intended functions through an identified platform.
{ ONLINE APPOINTMENT, SYSTEM ONLINE RESERVATION, SYSTEM ONLINE PAYMENT
SYSTEM, ONLINE LEARNING, SYSTEM, ONLINE ENROLMENT, SYSTEM, ONLINE
BANKING SYSTEM

ONLINE FUNCTIONS - Online functions refer to what the system can do for its users
● They may be used as a tool for searching and researching vital information
● They may be used to speed up transactions that may take more time when done
manually.

ONLINE PLATFORMS - Online platforms refer to the range of services and tools available on
the internet. { SEARCH ENGINES, SOCIAL MED PLATFORM, GMAP, PPT }

LESSON 2 { ONLINE SAFETY, SECURITY, ETHICS, ETIQUETTE }

ONLINE SAFETY - user’s knowledge and

awareness of safety protocols, online crimes, security risks in the private property and
information connected to the internet

ONLINE SECURITY - Refers to the “rules that are followed and the actions that are taken

ONLINE CRIMES - While using the internet, it is imperative that one should be vigilant of
possible dangers

ONLINE CRIMES FORMS:

CYBERBULLYING - Cyberbullying is the use of technology to harass, threaten, embarrass, or

target another person THROUGH Online threats { ACT NO. 10627 } FLAMING HARRASMENT,
DENIGRATION IMPERSONATION, OUTING TRICKERY EXCLUSION, CYBER STALKING

IDENTITY THEFT - all types of crimes in which someone wrongfully obtains and uses another
person’s personal data

PHISHING - the fraudulent practice of sending emails purporting to be form reputable

companies

PLAGIARISM - presenting someone else’s works or ideas as your own,

● COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT - occurs when a copyrighted work is reproduced,
distributed, performed, publicly displayed, or made into a derivative work
INTERNET THREATS - Internet security threats are dangers that are associated with using the
internet.
● MALWARES- stands for malicious software, used to spy upon the activity of the
computer and steal information { VIRUS WORM, TROJAN SPYWARE, ADWARE
RANSOMWARE }
● SPAM - unwanted email mostly from bots or advertisers.
● PHISHING - Its goal is to acquire sensitive personal information like passwords and
credit card details.

ETHICS - It is a set of moral principles that can be taken as a guiding philosophy in life
NETIQUETTE - "Internet etiquette." Just like etiquette is a code of polite behavior
in society, netiquette is a code of good behavior on the Internet.

LESSON 3

MAIL MERGE - is a software toolkit that is used to produce multiple documents

TWO COMPONENTS OF MAIL MERGE
● Form Document -The document that contains the main body of the message we want to
convey or send.
● Data File - This is where the individual information or data that needs to be plugged in
(merged) to our form document is placed and maintained.

HYPERLINK - is a reference to another file that is represented by a word, an image, or any

document element on a document processor.
SOURCE CODE - is a term used to describe a document that contains hyperlinked elements.

TWO TYPES OF LINKS

Anchor link - This is a hyperlink that points to a portion of the same document.
Inline link - This is a hyperlink wherein the content is located in other or remote files. The link
searches for path of the document before displaying it.

LESSON 4 FINAL

IMAGE - a spatial representation of an object or a scene. (image of a person, place, object)

GRAPHIC - is a broader and general
INFOGRAPHICS - represent information, statistical data, usually done in a creative way to
attract the viewer’s attention.

BASIC ELEMENT OF LAYOUT AND DESIGN

LINES – are the most basic of all elements. Lines can form shapes that can catch the attention
of a viewer.
COLORS – is one of the powerful and influential elements in an infographic. { 16,777,216 }
SHAPES – created by a combination of multiple lines.
DESIGN PRINCIPLE - The more arranged and organized an image is, the more we perceive it
as interesting.
BALANCE - this describes the placement of elements, shapes, or lines throughout the image.
TYPES OF BALANCE
➢ FORMAL – placed symmetrically and properly distributed ➢ INFORMAL -nonsymmetrical
distribution of elements.
CONTRAST – The arrangement of elements in an Image elements with different properties and
characteristics
UNITY – It is when all of the elements seem to be a singular element in unison.
PROPORTION – This is the correlation of all the elements with one another.
RHYTHM – This describes the product of having the elements repeating
various elements placed in harmony with one another.
IMAGE FILE FORMAT
File formats - facilities or methods to store and organize digital images.
PIXEL - small discrete elements that together constitute an image; combination blocks of
different colors
DIFFERENT FILE FORMATS
➢ Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG or JPG) - This is a compression method
that complies with the JPEG File Interchange Format (JFIF).
➢ Tagged Image File Format - This is a less common file format supported by Web
browsers.
➢ Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) - This is a popular format for storing graphical
images with fewer color. This file format supports 256 colors only.
➢ Portable Network Graphics (PNG) - The intention for the creation of this file
format is to be a free and open source substitute for GIF.
IMAGE MANIPULATION
IMAGE EDITOR - is an application that contains tools that can ( ENHANCE ) alter digital photos
and images.

GIMP DIFFERENT TOOLS

• Rectangle Select Tool - used to select a part of the image in a rectangular shape
• Ellipse Select Tool - used to select a part of the image in ellipse or circular shape
• Free Select Tool - used to select a customized shape by hand-drawing the
bounding line
• Fuzzy Select Tool - used to select an area intelligently by the computer
• Select by Color Tool - used to select a certain color
• Scissors Select Tool - used to select a shape determined by the edges defined in
the image
• Foreground Select Tool - used to select and separate the subject in the image
against the background of the image
• Path Tool -used to create a customized path for editing
• Color Picker Tool - used to select a specified color from the image
• Zoom Tool - used to adjust the scale and size of the image realtive to the viewer
Measure Tool - used to measure the distance between two points
• Move Tool - used to select a part of the image and transfer it to another area
• Alignment Tool - used to align all the layers in the image
• Crop Tool - used to remove or cut a certain part of the image
• Rotate Tool - used to rotate the image, either clockwise or counterclockwise
• Scale Tool - used to scale large or scale small the image in the workspace
• Shear Tool - used to make the image look slanted or inclined on one side
• Perspective Tool - used to make the image look as if viewed froma certain angle
• Flip Tool - used to flip or invent the view of the image horizontally
• Cage Transform Tool - used to transform the size of a certain portion of the image
• Text Tool - used to insert a textbox for insertion of characters or words
• Bucker Fill Tool - used to automatically fill the entire selection with your chosen
Color
• Gradient Tool - used to fill the selected area with a color gradient
• Pencil Tool - used to draw reon a selected image similar to a pencil stroke
• Paintbrush Tool - used to influence the selected image with brush type strokes
with the chosen color and thickness
• Erase Tool - used to delete an unwanted area in the image
• Airbrush Tool - used to apply airbrush strokes with varying pressure
• Ink Tool - used to do calligraphy-style paintings
• Clone Tool - used to copy a certain pattern from an image to be used to the
selected
• Healing Tool - used to correct irregularities in a selected portion of the image
• Perspective Clone Tool - used to apply a cloned pattern from a selected image
after applying a perspective transformation
• Blur/Sharpen Tool - used to blur a selection by using a paintbrush
• Smudge Tool - used to smudge a selection using a brush
• Dodge/Burn Tool - used to lighten or darken a selection using a brush

CONGRATS REACHING HERE

REMEMBER:

Proverbs 3:5-6 – Trust in the Lord with all your heart and lean not on your own
understanding; in all your ways submit to him, and he will make your paths
straight.

Philippians 4:6-7 – Do not be anxious about anything, but in every situation, by

prayer and petition, with thanksgiving, present your requests to God.