PHYSICS

CPP THERMODYNAMICS & K.T.G

REVISION (Mains) ` KKP / MYP CEN TRE

SINGLE CORRECT

1. A substance of mass m kg requires a power input of P watts to remain in the molten state at its melting
point. When the power is turned off, the sample completely solidifies in time t sec. What is the latent heat of
fusion of the substance
Pm Pt m t
(A) (B) (C) (D)
t m Pt Pm

2. A lead bullet at 27°C just melts when stopped by an obstacle. Assuming that 25% of heat is absorbed by the
obstacle, then the velocity of the bullet at the time of striking (M.P. of lead = 327°C, specific heat of lead =
0.03 cal/gm°C, latent heat of fusion of lead = 6 cal/gm and J = 4.2 joule/cal)
(A) 410 m/sec (B) 1230 m/sec (C) 307.5 m/sec (D) None of the above

3. The temperature of equal masses of three different liquids A, B and C are 12ºC, 19ºC and 28ºC
respectively. The temperature when A and B are mixed is 16ºC and when B and C are mixed is 23ºC. The
temperature when A and C are mixed is
(A) 18.2ºC (B) 22ºC (C) 20.2ºC (D) 25.2ºC

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4. Two substances A and B of equal mass m are heated at uniform rate of 6 cal s under similar conditions. A
graph between temperature and time is shown in figure. Ratio of heat absorbed H A / H B by them for
complete fusion is
100

Temperature °C
9 4 A
(A) (B) 80
4 9
60
8 5 40 B
(C) (D)
5 8 20

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

5. When an ideal diatomic gas is heated at constant pressure. The fraction of heat energy supplied which
increases the internal energy of the gas is
7 3 3 5
(A) (B) (C) (D)
5 5 7 7

6. An ideal gas is made to go through a cyclic thermo dynamical process in four steps. The amount of heat
involved are Q1  600 J , Q2  400 J , Q3  300 J and Q4  200 J respectively the corresponding work
involved are W1  300 J , W2  200 J , W3  150 J and W4 , the value of W4 is
(A) 50 J (B) 100 J (C) 150 J (D) 50 J

7. One mole of an ideal gas expands at a constant temperature of 300 K from an initial volume of 10 litres to a
final volume of 20 litres, the work done in expanding the gas is ( R  8.31 J / moleK )
(A) 750 J (B) 1728 J (C) 1500 J (D) 3456 J

1
8. A carnot engine having an efficiency of n  as heat engine, is used as a refrigerator. If the work done on
10
the system is 10 J. The amount of energy absorbed from the reservoir at lower temperature is
(A) 79 J (B) 90 J (C) 1 J (D) 100 J

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9. 2K mole of hydrogen at NTP expands isobarically to twice its initial volume. The change in its internal
energy is  CV  10 KJ / kg k  and atm pressure  1 105 N / m2 )
(A) 10.9 MJ (B) 9.10 MJ (C) 109 MJ (D) 1.09 MJ

10. A carnot engine takes in 3000 Kcal of heat from a reservoir at 627 C and gives it to a sink at 27 C . The
work done by the engine is
(A) 4.2  106 J (B) 8.4  106 J (C) 16.8  106 J (D) Zero

11. One mole of a gas is put under a weightless piston of a vertical cylinder at temperature T. The space over
the piston opens into atmosphere. How much work should be performed by some external force to increase
isothermally the volume under the piston to twice the volume (Neglect friction of piston)


(A) Wext  RT 1  loge 
2
 
(B) Wext  RT loge   1
2

  1 
 
  1  
(C) Wext  RT  1  loge2   (D) Wext  RT  loge2   1
   
   

P
12.
One made of a monoatomic ideal gas is taken through a reversible cycle ABC B
as shown in the figure. The process BC is adiabatic. The work done per cycle
is (given temperatures of A, B and C are 300 K, 600 K and 450 K)
A C
(A) 75 R (B) 150 R
(C) 112.5 R (D) 45 R V

13. A thermally insulated rigid container contains an ideal gas heated by a filament of resistance 100  through
a current of 1 A for 5 min then change in internal energy is
(A) 100 KJ (B) 10 KJ (C) 20 KJ (D) 30 KJ

14. A bubble has a volume of 3 mm3 at a depth of 20 m in a lake of pure water. If the bubble slowly rises upto
the surface of the lake its volume will be (atmospheric pressure is 100 KPa )

(A) 7.24 mm3 (B) 4.44 mm3 (C) 8.88 mm3 (D) 6.66 mm3

15. A cyclic process for 1 k mol of an ideal gas is shown in the V-T diagram. The
work done in AB, BC and CA respectively is
V V
(A) 0, RT2 ,ln 1 R T1  T2  (B) R T1  T2  ,0, RT1 ,ln 1
V2 V2
V V
(C) 0, RT1 ,ln 1 R T1  T2  (D) 0, RT2 ,ln 1 R T2  T1 
V2 V2

16. A bubble has a volume of 3 mm3 at a depth of 20 m in a lake of pure water. If the bubble slowly rises upto
the surface of the lake, its volume will be (atmospheric pressure is 100 kPa)
(A) 7.24mm 3 (B) 4.44mm3 (C) 8.88mm3 (D) 6.66mm 3

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17. An adiabatic piston of mass m equally divides an insulator container of
volume V0, and length L. A light spring connects the piston to the regid wall.
Mass of the piston is m. In equilibrium pressure on both sides of the piston
of P0. The container starts moving with acceleration a towards right. The
stretch x of the spring when acceleration of the piston equals to
acceleration of container (Assume x < <  ). The gas in the container has
the adiabatic exponent  .

 
       
 ma       
ma ma ma
(A) x    (B) x    (C) x    (D) x   

 k  P0 V0   p2 V02   k  P0 V0  P0 V0
  k     k  
 2  2   22   2 1 2    1 2 
 2  
  

18. The relation between internal energy U, pressure P and volume V of a gas in an adiabatic process is
U = a + bPV, where a = b = 3. The greatest integar of the ratio of speafic heat [] is;
(A) 2 (B) 1 (C) 3 (D) 4

19. Two moles of a monoatomic gas in state A having critical pressure P0, and temperature 3T0 is taken to state
T 2
B having pressure 3P0, and temperature 0 by the process of equation P T = constant. Then state B is
3
taken to state C keeping volume constant and come back to Initial state A keeping temperature constant.
Then net work done by gas during the complete cycle is
(A) – 6RT0(18ln3–8) (B) – 7RT0(8ln3–18) (C) –RT0(18ln3–8) (D) –4RT0(8ln3–18)

20. Three closed vessels A, B and C are at the same temperature T and contain gases which obey the
Maxwellian distribution of velocities. Vessel A contains only O2 , B only N 2 and C a mixture of equal
quantities of O2 and N 2 . If the average speed of the O2 molecules in vessel A is v1 , that of the N 2
molecules in vessel B is v2 , the average speed of the O2 molecules in vessel C is
v1  v2
(C)  v1 v2 
12
(A) (B) v1
2
3kT
(D) where m is the mass of an oxygen molecule
m

21. A cylindrical tube of uniform cross-sectional area A is fitted with two air
tight frictionless pistons. The pistons are connected to each other by a Wire
metallic wire. Initially the pressure of the gas is P0 and temperature is T0.
Atmospheric pressure is also P0. Now the temperature of the gas is
increased to 2T0, the tension in the wire will be
P0 A
(A) 2P0A (B) P0A (C) (D) 4P0A
2

22. If 2 moles of an ideal monoatomic gas at temperature T0 is mixed with 4 moles of another ideal monoatomic
gas at temperature 2T0, then the temperature of the mixture is
5 3 4 5
(A) T0 (B) T0 (C) T0 (D) T0
3 2 3 4

23. In the process PV = constant, pressure (P) versus density () graph of an ideal gas is
(A) a straight line parallel to P-axis (B) a straight line parallel to -axis
(C) a straight line passing through origin (D) a parabola

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24. An ideal gas at pressure P is adiabatically compressed so that its density becomes n times the initial value.
The final pressure of the gas will be
(A) n  P (B) n P (C) n( 1) P (D) n(1 ) P

25. The energy density u/v of an ideal diatomic gas is related to its pressure P as
u u 3 u P u 5
(A)  3P (B)  P (C)  (D)  P
v v 2 v 3 v 2

26. The rms velocities of molecules of two gases of equal density are 2 m/s and 3 m/s respectively. The
ratio of their pressure will be
(A) 4:9 (B) 9:4 (C) 2:3 (D) 3:2

27. Two identical containers A and B with frictionless pistons contain the same ideal gas at the same
temperature and the same volume V. The mass of gas contained in A is m A and that in B is m B . The gas
in each cylinder is now allowed to expand isothermally to the same final volume 2V. The change in the
pressure in A and B are found to be P and 1.5 P respectively. Then
(A) 4 m A = 9 m B (B) 2 m A = 3 m B (C) 3 m A = 2 mB (D) 9 m A = 4 m B

28. 4 gm Hydrogen is mixed with 11.2 litres of He at S.T.P. in a container of volume 20 litre. If the final
temperature is 300 K find the pressure.
5 2 5 2 5 2 5 2
(A) 3.12 10 N/m . (B) 4  10 N/m . (C) 3.5 10 N/m . (D) 12  10 N/m .

29. Find the average kinetic energy per molecule at temperature T for an equimolar mixture of two ideal gases
A and B where A is monoatomic and B is diatomic.
(A) 4 RT (B) 3/2 RT (C) 3/2 KT (D) 4 KT

30. Two glass containers of volume V1 and V2 are filled with air at pressures P1 and P2 and at same
temperatures T0 . The two containers are connected by a narrow tube with a closed plug as shown. Find the
final pressure of mixture when the plug

P1V1  P2 V2 P1V2  P2 V1 P1  P2 P1V1  P2 V2

(A) (B) (C) (D)
V1  V2 V1  V2 3 2  V1  V2 

NUMERICAL BASED

31. One mole of a diatomic gas is isothermally expanded at 27 C till the volume is doubled then it is


adiabatically compressed to its original volume. Find the total work done 20.4  1.319 
32. An ideal gas is found to obey the additional law VP2  cons tan t the gas is initially at a temperature T and
volume V, when it expands to volume 2V, its temperature becomes xT . Find x value is

T C
33.
Figure shows a cyclic process performed on one mole of an ideal gas. A total
of 100 J of heat is withdrawn from the gas in a complete cycle. Find the
400K B
workdone only by the gas in joule during the process B  C . Given
R  8.3 Jmol1K 1 . 300K 1 cm  100K
A
V

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34. A metal ball at 40 C is dropped from a height of 6 km, the ball is heated due to the air resistance and it
completely melts before reaching the ground. Calculate the latent heat of fusion of metal in KJ kg1 .
Specific heat of lead is 125 Jkg1 melting point of metal is 200 C and g  10mJ2 .

35. A 10 kW drilling machine is used to drill a bore in a small aluminium block of mass 8.0 kg. If the rise in
0
temperature (in C) of the block in 2.5 minutes assuming 50% of power is used up in heating the machine
itself or lost to the surroundings is 103, find the value of . Specific heat of aluminium
–1 0 –1
= 0.91 Jg C .

–3
36. A 5 m long cylindrical steel wire with radius 2 x 10 m is suspended vertically from a rigid support and
carries a bob of mass 100 kg at the other end. If the bob gets snapped, the change in temperature of the
–4 0
wire (ignoring radiation losses) is found to be 5T x 10 C. Find the value of T .

37. 0.05 kg stream at 373 K and 0.45 kg of ice at 253 K are mixed in an insulated vessel.
Given, L fission  80 cal / g  336 J / g , L vaporisation  540cal / g  2268 J / g, Sice  2100 J / kg K  0.5 cal / gK and
Swater  4200 J / kg K  1cal / gK , the equilibrium temperature of the mixture is 13T 0 C . Find the value of T .

–1 –1 5 –1
38. A piece of ice (heat capacity = 2100 J kg °C and latent heat = 3.36 x 10 J kg ) of mass m grams is at –
5°C at atmospheric pressure. It is given 420 J of heat so that the ice starts melting. Finally when the ice-
water mixture is in equilibrium, it is found that 1 gm of ice has melted. Assuming there is no other heat
exchange in the process, the value of m is

39. A thermally insulated vessel is divided into two parts by a heat-insulating

piston which can move in the vessel without friction. The left part of the
vessel contains one mole of an ideal monoatomic gas, and the right part is
empty. The piston is connected to the right wall of the vessel through a spring
whose length in free state is equal to the length of the vessel. Heat capacity
C of the system = XR. Find x? (neglecting the heat capacities of the vessel,
piston and spring).

40. If one moles of a monatomic gas ( = 5/3) is mixed with one mole of diatomic gas ( = 7/5) the value of  for
the mixture is

KEY

1. B 2. A 3. C 4. C 5. D
6. C 7. B 8. B 9. C 10. B
11. A 12. A 13. D 14. C 15. C
16. C 17. C 18. B 19. C 20. B
21. B 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. B
26. A 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. A
31. – 263.77 32. 2 33. 1830 34. 40 35. 1
36. 4 37. 0 38. 8 39. 2 40. 1.53

Wish You all the Best

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