JDO2CIVILQP
JDO2CIVILQP
2. A pin jointed plane frame with j number of joints 12. Two shafts ' A ' and ' B ' are made of same material.
and n number of members will be internally The shaft ' A ' is of diameter D and shaft 'B' is of
redundant diameter D / 2 . The strength of shaft 'B'
a)n>(2j-3) b)n<(2j-3) c)n=(2j-3) d)n<(2j+3) is……………as that of shaft ' A ' .
a) one-eighth b ) one-fourth
3. The ratio of maximum shear stress developed in a c)one-half d ) four times
rectangular beam and a circular beam of the
same cross-sectional area is 13. The stress induced in a body, when suddenly
a)2/3 b ) 3/4 c) 1 d ) 9/8 loaded, is …………. same load is applied gradually.
a ) equal to b ) one-half c) twice d) four times
4. The bending moment at a section tends to bend or
deflect the beam and the internal stresses 14. A body is subjected to two normal stresses 20 kN /
resist its bending. The resistance offered by the m2 (tensile) and 10 kN / m2 (compressive) acting
internal stresses, to the bending, is called perpendicular to each other. The maximum shear
a ) compressive stress b ) shear stress stress is
c) bending stress d) elastic modulus a ) 5kN/m2 b ) 10kN/m2 c) 15kN/m2 d ) 20kN/m2
5.For analyzing pin jointed frames by the method of 15. The relation between modulus of elasticity ( E )
joints, the number of equations of static equilibrium and modulus of rigidity c) is given by
available is a) C = b) C = c) C = d) C =
a)3 b)1 c)0 d)2
6. Which of the following is the correct torsion 16. The extension of a circular bar tapering uniformly
equation from diameter d1,at one end to diameter d 2 at the other
end, and subjected to an axial pull of P is given by
a) b)
a) b) c) d)
c) d)
17. When a bar of length l and diameter d is rigidly
7. A simply supported beam of span L carries a u.d.l fixed at the upper end and hanging freely, then
of w per unit length over the entire span. The strain the total elongation produced in the bar due to its own
energy stored by the beam is given by weight is
W2 L5 W2 L5 W2 L5 W2 L5
a) 84EI b) 184EI c) 240EI d) 384EI a) b) c) d)
8. When a beam is subjected to bending moment, the 18. The polar modulus for a solid shaft of diameter
stress at any point is……………..the distance of that (D) is
point from the neutral axis.
a ) equal to b ) directly proportional to a) b) c) d)
c)inversely proportional to d ) independent of
19.What is the degree of kinematic indeterminacy of
9. For a conjugate beam,the fixed end of a real beam the beam shown in Fig.,
corresponds to
a)fixed end b)free end
c)hinged end d)hinged end on rollers
a)2 b)3 c)4 d)5
III FLOOR, B&K COMPLEX, MAIN ROAD,SRI RAM NAGAR,
KARAIKUDI. CONTACT 94864 31610,8524970970,99521 60010
www.pyramidiasacademy.blogspot.com,pyramidiasacademy@gmail.com
2
G
20. The theorem of three moments for the solution of 29.For a symmetrical two hinged parabolic arch, if one
continuous beams is formulated by of the supports settles horizontally, then the
a)Young b)Maxwell c)Williot-Mohr d)Clapeyron horizontal thrust
a)is increased b)is decreased
21. The radius of gyration of a section of area A and c)remains unchanged d)becomes zero
least moment of inertia / about the centroidal axis is
a) A/I b) I/A c) √(I/A) d) √(A/I) 30.The moment required to rotate the near end of a
prismatic beam through unit angle without
22. The maximum deflection due to a load W at the free translation, when the far end is fixed, is
end of a cantilever of length L and having flexural (a)EI/L (b) 2EI/L (c) 3EI/L (d) 4EI/L
rigidity EI, is
a) WL2/2EI b) WL2/3EI c) WL3/2EI d) WL3/3EI 31.Which of the following is not the
displacement method?
23.When there is a sudden increase or decrease in a)Equilibrium method b)Column analogy method
shear force diagram between any two points, it c)Moment distribution method
indicates that there is a d)Kani's method
a ) point load at the two points
b ) no loading between the two points
c) uniformly distributed load between the two points
d) uniformly varying load between the two points
32. A cantilever beam of length l and carrying a point 37.A rigid frame is a structure composed of members
load W a t the free end is shown in Fig. Which of the which are connected by
following is correct? a)rigid joints b)simple bending
c)a single rivet d)none of the above
47. If the depth of moist sand in a cylinder is 15 cm (c) it has a higher strength to weight ratio
and the depth of the sand when fully inundated with (d) all the above.
water is 12 cm, the bulking of the moist sand, is
a) 10% b) 15% c) 20% d) 25% 60. The ingredient which makes the stainless steel
corrosion resistant is
48. If P is the percentage of water required for normal (a) carbon (b) sulphur
consistency, water to be added for determination of (c) chromium (d) manganese.
soundness is ______
a) 0.85 P b) 0.78 P c) 0.76 P d) 0.73 P 61. Well foundation is also known as
a) caisson b) swage pile
49. The test conducted by Vicat’s apparatus c) under ream d) none of the above
a) Fineness b) Compressive strength
c) Tensile strength d) Consistency 62. The surface of the wall exposed to weather is
called
50. The indentation marks left on bricks during the a)the face b)the back c)the side d)perpend
process of moulding, are known as
a) fillets b) frogs c) projections d) marks 63. groove provided on the underside of projecting
elements such as cornices, copings such that rain
51. The alkaline salt present in the bricks, absorbs water can be discharged clear of the wall surface is
moisture from the air which on the drying called
a) leaves pores and makes the bricks porous a)corbel b)throating c)hearting d)weathering
b) leaves high powder deposit on the brick c)makes
the brick brittle and weak 64. The bond in which the bonding bricks are at an
d) all of these. inclination to the direction of the wall is known as
a) English bond b) Flemish bond
52. The central part of a tree is called c) Raking bond d) Dutch bond
a) heart wood b) pith
c)sap wood d) cambium layer 65. Timber flooring is preferred in
a)all residual buildings b)only bath rooms
53. Seasoning of timber c)auditoriums and dancing halls d)public buildings
a) increases the weight of timber
b) improves %strength properties of timber 66.To what category do the gravel and sand belong ?
c) doesn’t give dimensional stability (a) cohesionless soils (b) cohesive soils
d) all of these (c) marine soils (d) expansive soils
54. The thinner used for oil paints is 67 .The symbol GM indicates
a) water b) turpentine (a) Gravels (b) Gravelly silts
c) carbon tetrachloride d) any one of these (c) Silty gravel (d) Silts
55. An assembled product made up of veneers and 68.For the same soil, increase in compaction effort
adhesives is called (a) Does not affect OMC (b) Increases OMC
a) board b) plank c)plywood d) batten (c) Decreases OMC d) Decreases more density
69. The test that will be preferred for testing of shear
56. Which of the following paint is highly resistant to strength of a saturated clay is
fire? (a) Direct shear test (b) Vane shear test
a) Cement paint b) Asbestos paint (c) Triaxial test (d) Unconfined compression test
c)Aluminium paint d) Enamel paint
70. When the area of all the footings covers more than
57. The main ingredient in the manufacture of glass is 50% of the total area of the structure, then the
(a) silica (b) potash (c)soda (d)lime foundation that is preferrable is
(a) Isolated foundation b) Combined footings
58. The type of glass used to make laboratory (c) Raft foundation d) None of the above
equipment and cooking utensils is
(a) soda lime glass (b) lead glass 71. The road connecting a district headquarters of one
(c) boro-silicate glass (d) wired glass state to the district headquarters of another bordering
59. Fibre glass has the characteristic that state is called
(a) it retains heat longer (a) National Highway (b) State Highway
(b) it is shockproof and fire retardant (c) Major District Road (d) Expressway
III FLOOR, B&K COMPLEX, MAIN ROAD,SRI RAM NAGAR,
KARAIKUDI. CONTACT 94864 31610,8524970970,99521 60010
www.pyramidiasacademy.blogspot.com,pyramidiasacademy@gmail.com
5
G
85. The range for co-efficient of discharge (Cd) for a 94. Specific energy of a flowing fluid per unit weight
venturi-meter is is equal to
(a) 0.6 to 0.7 (b) 0.7 to 0.8 p V2 p V2 p V2
a)w + 2g b) w + h c) 2g +h d) w + 2g +h
(c) 0.8 to 0.9 (d) 0.95 to 0.99
95. The flow in open channel is laminar if the Reynold
86. For the laminar flow through a pipe, the shear
number is
stress over the cross-section
a)2000 b)less than 2000 c)less than 500 d)none
a)varies inversely as the distance from the center of the
pipe
96. The manometric efficiency (𝛈𝐦𝐚𝐱 ) of a centrifugal
b)varies directly as the distance from the surface of the
pump is given by
pipe H gH Vw u gVw2 u2
c)varies directly as the distance from the center of the a) m b) m c) 2 2 d)
gVw2 u2 Vw2 u2 gHm Hm
pipe
97. The square root of the ratio of inertia force to
d)remains constant over the cross-section
pressure force is known as
a)Reynold number b)Froude number
87. A boundary is known as hydro dynamically
c)Mach number d)Euler number
smooth if
k k k k
a)δ′ =0.3 b) δ′>0.3 c) δ′ <0.25 d) δ′=6.0 98. Specific yield of an aquifer is defined as the ratio
where k=average height of the irregularities from the of the
boundary δ′ =thickness of laminar sub-layer (a) Volume of pore space to the total volume of soil
(b) Volume of water freely drained from a saturated soil
88. The Bernoulli’s equation can take the form to the volume of soil
p V2 p V2 (c) Volume of water retained when a saturated soil is
(a) ρ1 + 2g1 + Z1 = ρ2 + 2g2 + Z2
1 2 freely drained to the volume of soil
p1 V21 p V2
(b) ρ + 2g + Z1 = ρ 2g + 2g + Z2 (d) Volume of pore space to volume of soil grains.
1q 2
p1 V21 p2 V22
(c) + + gZ1 = + + gZ2 99. The equation for steady state yield from a tube-
ρ1 g 2g ρ2 g 2g
p1 V21
(d) ρ g + 2g + Z1 = ρ g + 2g + Z2
p2 V22 well was first developed by
1 2 (a)Darcy (b)Dupuit (c) Jacob (d)Chow.
89. When the pipes are connected in series, the total
100. The transmissivity of the aquifer is defined as the
rate of flow
product of
a)is equal to the sum of the rate of flow in each pipe
(a) Radius of well and radius of influence
b)is equal to the reciprocal of the sum of rate of flow in
(b) Thickness of aquifer and radius of influence (c)
each pipe
Radius of the well and the permeability of the aquifer
c)is the same as flowing through each pipe
(d)Permeability of the aquifer and the thickness of the
d)none of the above
aquifer.
90. The difference in pressure head,measured by a
101. The specific speed (𝐍𝐬 )of a pump is given by the
mercury water differential manometer for a 20m
expression
difference of mercury level will be
N√Q N√P N√Q N√P
a)2.72m b)2.52m c)2.0m d)0.2m a)Ns = 5/4 b) Ns = 3/4 c) Ns = 3/4 d) Ns = 5/4
Hm Hm Hm Hm
91. The difference of pressure head (h) measured by a 102. The loss of head due to sudden expansion of a
mercury –oil differential manometer is given as pipe is given by
sg
a)h=x[1 − s ] b)h=x[sg − s0] V21 −V22 0.5 V21 (V1 −V2 )2
0 a)hL = 2g
b) hL = 2g
c) hL = 2g
sg
c) h=x[s0 − sg ] d) h=x[ − 1] d) none of the above
s0
92. Dynamic viscosity (µ) has the dimensions as 103 . Which of the following methods of contouring is
a) MLT −2 b) ML−1 T −1 most suitable for a hilly terrain?
c) ML−1T −2 d) M −1 L−1T −1 A. Direct method B. Square method
93. The boundary layer is called turbulent boundary C. Cross-sections method D. Tachometric method
layer if
a)Reynold number is more than 2000 104. For a tacheometer the additive and multi-plying
b)Reynold number is more than 4000 constants are respectively
c)Reynold number is more than 5 x 105 A. 0 and 100 B. 100 and 0 C. 0 and 0 D. 100 and 100
d)none of the above
III FLOOR, B&K COMPLEX, MAIN ROAD,SRI RAM NAGAR,
KARAIKUDI. CONTACT 94864 31610,8524970970,99521 60010
www.pyramidiasacademy.blogspot.com,pyramidiasacademy@gmail.com
7
G
112. The angle between two plane mirrors of optical 117. If the magnetic bearing of the sun at a place at
square, is noon in southern hemisphere is 167°, the magnetic
A. 20° B. 30° C. 45° D. 60° declination at that place is
113.Fuction of total station is A. 77° N B. 23° S C. 13° E D. 13° W
a. Angle measurement b. Distance measurement
c. Coordinate measurement d. both a, b & c 118. In the surveying telescopes, cross hairs are fitted
a ) centre of the telescope
114. GIS uses the information from which of the b) optical centre of the eye piece
following sources? c) front of the eye piece
a) Non- spatial information system d) front of the objective
b) Spatial information system
c) Global information system 119. The curve composed of two arcs of different radii
d) Position information system having their centres on the opposite side of the curve,
is known
115. In a whole circle bearing system, S 25° 15' E A. a simple curve B. a compound curve
corresponds to C. a reverse curve D. a vertical curve.
a ) 115° 15' b ) 154° 45' c) 205° 15' d ) 334° 45'
III FLOOR, B&K COMPLEX, MAIN ROAD,SRI RAM NAGAR,
KARAIKUDI. CONTACT 94864 31610,8524970970,99521 60010
www.pyramidiasacademy.blogspot.com,pyramidiasacademy@gmail.com
8
G
120. In chain surveying field work is limited to 133. A reflux valve is also known as
A. linear measurements only a)safety valve b)scour valve
B. angular measurements only c) air valve d)check valve
C. both linear and angular measurements
D. all the above. 134 . The minimum size of a fire hydrant is
a) 5 cm b) 10 cm c) 15 cm d) 20 cm
121. Turbidity is mainly due to
(a) Floating solids (b) suspended solids 135. For an area developed in haphazard way, the type
(c) Colloidal solids (d) dissolved solids. of layout used for the distribution of pipes isknown
as
122. "Biological Magnification" is a)dead end system b)ring system
(a) Decrease in concentration with trophic level c) radial system d)grid iron system
(b) Increase in concentration with trophic level
(c) Equilibrium in concentration 136. A septic tank is a
(d) Magnification of poisons with time. a) sedimentation tank b) digestion tank
c) combination of sedimentation and digestion tank
123. A desirable pH value for water is d) aeration tank
(a) 7 (b) 6 to 8 (c)5to9 (d) 7 to 8.5.
137. For large sewers, the maximum distance between
124. A minimum amount of …………. mg/1 of manholes should be
alkalinity is desirable in any water. a) 75 m b)150 m c) 200 m d) 300 m
(a) 10 (b)20 (c)50 (d)100.
138. The most suitable excreta disposal unit for
125. The main souce of CO is human excreta is
a)oxidation of methane b)smoking of tobacco a) privy pit b) cesspool c) soak pit d) none of these
c)diesel exhaust d)gasoline exhaust
139. Match the pair
126. Salty taste is mainly due to I II
(a) NaCl (b) CaCl2 (c) MgCl2 (d)AgCl (A) joist (i) tension member in roof truss
(B) girder (ii) member supporting purlin
127 In India, as per Indian standards, water (C) tie (iii) member supporting roof in a
consumption per capita per day for domestic purpose building
is (D) rafter (iv) major floor beam in building
a) 85 litres b)100 litres c) 115 litres d)135litres a) A-i, B-ii, C-iii, D-iv b) A-iv, B-iii, C-ii, D-i
c) A-ii, B-iv, C-iii, D-I d) A-iii, B-iv, C-i, D-ii
128. According to Kuichling formula, the fire demand
(Q) in litres per minute is given by
P P 140. A beam section is provided on the basis of
a) Q = 1135(5 + 10) b) Q = 2500(5 + 10) (i) section modulus, (ii) deflection, (iii) shear
c) Q=3182√P d) Q = 5663√P a) i, ii b) ii, iii c) i, iii d) i, ii and iii
129. The design period for a water supply project is
taken as
a) 5 to 10years b) 10 to 15 years 141. Which of the following statement is correct?
c) 15to 20years d)20 to 30years a) single angle section with bolted connection produce
eccentricity about both planes
b) single angle section with bolted connection produce
130. The minimum dissolved oxygen required in
water to save the aquatic life is eccentricity about one plane only
a) 1 ppm b) 2 ppm c) 4 ppm d) 8 ppm c) single angle section with welded connection produce
eccentricity about both planes
131. Salvaging is d) single angle section with welded connection does not
(a) Dumping of solid waste produce eccentricity about one plane
(b) Sanitary land filling of solid waste 142. What are residual stresses?
(c) Composting and soil conditioning a) stresses developed during construction
(d) Extraction of essence from waste. b) stresses developed due to seismic load
c) stresses developed due to vibration
132. Usual population equivalent of BOD is d) stresses developed during manufacturing
(a) 10 g/capita/day (b) 20 g/ capita/day
(c) 50 g/capita/day (d) 80g/capita/day.
III FLOOR, B&K COMPLEX, MAIN ROAD,SRI RAM NAGAR,
KARAIKUDI. CONTACT 94864 31610,8524970970,99521 60010
www.pyramidiasacademy.blogspot.com,pyramidiasacademy@gmail.com
9
G
143. What is the maximum effective slenderness ratio d) dependent on the magnitude of shear reinforcement
for a tension member in which stress reversal occurs? provided
a) 180 b) 200 c) 280 d) 300
151. The bond between steel and concrete is mainly
144. What is net section rupture failure? due to
a) rupture of member when the cross section reaches a) pure adhesive resistance b) frictional resistance
yield stress c) mechanical resistance d) all of these
b) rupture of member when the cross section reaches 152 The minimum percentage of tension reinforcement in
ultimate stress R.C.C. beams is
0.85 40S
c) rupture of member when the cross section reaches (a) f (b) 0.4 c) 4 (d) f dv
y y
less value than yield stress
d) rupture of member when the cross section is reaches 153. For simply supported two way slabs of small pans
very less value than ultimate stress with HYSD bars of grade Fe 415 the span to over all depth
ratio is limited to
145. What is slenderness ratio of compression (a) 20 (b)26 (c)28 (d)35.
member?
a) ratio of effective length to radius of gyration
b) ratio of radius of gyration to effective length
c) difference of radius of gyration and effective length
d) product of radius of gyration and effective length
154. When the factored shear force and factored torsional B. Half breadth of wall on each side
moment acting on a beam arc denoted byV u andT u and C. One fourth breadth of wall on each side
the breadth of the beam by b the equivalent shear V e is D. None of these
given by
V T
( a ) Tu + 1.6 bu ( b ) Vu + 1.6 bu 164. The rate of an item of work depends on
b b A. Specifications of works B. Specifications of materials
( c ) Tu + ( d ) Vu +
1.6Vu 1.6Tu C. Proportion of mortar D. All the above
155. For deformed bars, the allowable bond stress in 165. The most reliable estimate of Preliminary
tension is increased by per cent over the corresponding estimate is
value of plain bars. A. Carpet area method B. Cubical content estimate
(a)20 (b)40 c)60 (d)80. C. Plinth area estimate D. Detailed estimate
156. The side face reinforcement, if required, in a T- 166. The main factor to be considered while preparing
beam will be a detailed estimate, is
a) 0.1 % of the web area b) 0.15 % of the web area A. Quantity of the materials B. Availability of materials
c) 0.2 % to 0.3 % of the web area depending upon the C. Transportation of materials D. All the above
breadth of the slab
c) half the longitudinal reinforcement 167. The expected out turn of brick work in cement
mortar in foundation and plinth per mason per day, is
157. The area of longitudinal steel reinforcement in a A. 1.00 m³ B. 1.25 m³ C. 1.50 m³ D. 1.75 m³
column should not be
a) less than 0.8 % of the area of concrete section required 168. New floor area ratio in Tamil Nadu
for direct load alone a) 2 b)1.5 c)1.75 d)none
b) more than 6 % of the gross sectional area of column
c) either(a)and (b) d) both (a) and (b) 169. Pick up the incorrect statement from the
following:
158. One way shear strength in a R.C.C. footing is checked A. Dimensions are measured to the nearest 1 cm
at a distance equal …… to of the footing from face B. Areas are measured to the nearest 0.01 sq.m
of the column C. Cubic contents are measured to the nearest 0.1 cum
a) one-fourth of the effective depth D. Weights are measured to the nearest 0.001 tonnes
( b ) one-half of the effective depth
(c) three-fourth of the effective depth 170. The height of the sink of wash basin above floor
( d ) the effective depth. level is kept
A. 60 cm B. 70 cm C. 75 cm to 80 cm D. 80 cm
159. As per IS : 456, the ultimate load in structures in which
effect of wind or earth quake load is considered, should be 171. The value of a property which can be obtained at
(a) 1.2 D . L + 1.2 L . L + 1.2 W . L any particular time from the open market if the
( b ) 1.5 D . L + 1.5 L . L + 1.5 W . L property is put for sale, is known as
(c) 1.5 D . L + 1.5 L . L + 1.2 W . L a) Market value b) Book value
(d) 1.5 D . L + 2.1 L . L + 2.2 W . L c) Current value d) Rateable value
160. In the limit state method, the partial safety factor for 172. Net rent + outgoings =
concrete is taken as a) Total rent b) Annual rent
(a) 3 (b)2 (c)l (d)1.5. c) Depreciation value d) Gross rent
161. Due to change in price level, a revised estimate is 173. The value of property, without being dismantled,
prepared if the sanctioned estimate exceeds at the end of the useful life period as known
A. 10 % B. 50 % C. 4.0 % D. 5.0 % a) salvation value b) book value
c) scrap value d) junk value
162. The expected out turn of 12 mm plastering with 174. A work costing Rs.20,000 is termed as
cement mortar is a) Petty work b) Minor work
A. 8.0 cq m B. 4.0 sq m C. 4.0 cu m D. 8.0 sq m c) Major work d) Major project
163. In long and short wall method of estimation, the 175. The minimum width of a septic tank is taken
length of long wall is the centre to centre distance A. 70 cm B. 75 cm C. 80 cm D. 90 cm
between the walls and
A. Breadth of the wall
III FLOOR, B&K COMPLEX, MAIN ROAD,SRI RAM NAGAR,
KARAIKUDI. CONTACT 94864 31610,8524970970,99521 60010
www.pyramidiasacademy.blogspot.com,pyramidiasacademy@gmail.com
11
G
176. No deductions is made in the masonry for the 180. The performance of a specific ta sk in
openings if the area of the opening does not exceed CPM, is known
a)0.5m2 b)0.25m2 c)0.15m2 a) Dummy b ) Eventc) Activity d ) Contract.
d)0.10m 2
184. CPM is
a)activity oriented b)event oriented
c)time oriented d)resource oriented
191. Float may be defined as the difference between 197. Investment can be defined.
a)latest start time and the earliest start time A) Person’s dedication to purchasing a house or flat
b)latest finish time and the earliest finish time B) Use of capital on assets to receive returns
c)time available and the time required to complete the C) Usage of money on a production process of products
activity d)all the above and services
D) Net additions made to the nation’s capital stocks
192. A critical activity has 198. The capital budget is associated with.
a) maximum float b) minimum float A) Long terms and short terms assets
c) zero float d) average float B) Fixed assets C) Long terms assets
D) Short term assets
193. In CPM, the cost slope is determined by
𝐂𝐫𝐚𝐬𝐡 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝐭 𝐂𝐫𝐚𝐬𝐡 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝐭 − 𝐍𝐨𝐫𝐦𝐚𝐥 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝐭
a) 𝐍𝐨𝐫𝐦𝐚𝐥 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝐭 b) 𝐍𝐨𝐫𝐦𝐚𝐥 𝐭𝐢𝐦𝐞 − 𝐂𝐫𝐚𝐬𝐡 𝐭𝐢𝐦𝐞 199. Hazards and Disasters are mainly classified as
a. Physical and chemical
𝐍𝐨𝐫𝐦𝐚𝐥 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝐭 𝐍𝐨𝐫𝐦𝐚𝐥 𝐭𝐢𝐦𝐞 − 𝐂𝐫𝐚𝐬𝐡 𝐭𝐢𝐦𝐞 b. Natural and Human induced
c) d)
𝐂𝐫𝐚𝐬𝐡 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝐭 𝐂𝐫𝐚𝐬𝐡 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝐭 − 𝐍𝐨𝐫𝐦𝐚𝐥 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝐭 c. Physical and Human d. Social and cultural
194. The contractor is responsible for 200. A place where an earthquake originates is called
a) procuring material which is not supplied by the the
owner a) Focus b) Tsunami
b) organising and planning the work as per drawing c) Fault Line d) Epicenter
c) executing the work as per specifications laid down in
the contract
d) all of the above