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BEE Practical 14

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38 views4 pages

BEE Practical 14

Uploaded by

skbooss143zxzx
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Practical No.

: 14
Title: Capacitors in Series and Parallel Connections.

Objective: To study the behaviour of capacitors when connected in series and


parallel and to verify the total capacitance using theoretical and practical
measurements.

Relevant PO’S:-
PO 1. Basic and Discipline Specific Knowledge: Apply knowledge of basic
mathematics, sciences and engineering fundamentals with electrical engineering
specialisation to solve the engineering problems.
PO 2. Problem analysis: Identify and analyse well-defined engineering problems
using codified standard methods.
PO 4. Engineering tools, Experimentation and Testing: Apply modern engineering

Relevant CO’S:-
CO3 - Suggest suitable electronic components for given mechanical engineering
application.
.
Apparatus Required:
● Capacitors of known values (3 or more)
● Breadboard
● Connecting wires
● Multimeter (with capacitance measurement function)
● LCR metre (optional for precise capacitance measurement)
● Power supply (optional, for verification)
● Calculator (for theoretical calculations)

Theory:

A capacitor stores electrical energy in the form of an electric field. The ability of a
capacitor to store charge is measured in farads (F), and the relationship between
charge (Q) and voltage (V) is given by:
Q = C⋅V
Where:
C is the capacitance, V is the voltage across the capacitor.

Series Connection of Capacitors:


● In a series configuration, capacitors are connected end-to-end.
● The total (equivalent) capacitance in a series circuit is given by the reciprocal
of the sum of the reciprocals of the individual capacitances:
1/Ctota l=1/C1+1/C2+1/C3+⋯+1/Cn​
● The total capacitance in series is always less than the smallest capacitor in
the group.

Parallel Connection of Capacitors:


● In a parallel configuration, capacitors are connected with both terminals joined
at the same points.
● The total capacitance in a parallel circuit is the sum of the individual
capacitances:
Ctotal=C1+C2+C3+⋯+Cn
● The total capacitance in parallel is greater than the largest capacitor in the
group.
Diagram:

Procedure:
Capacitors in Series
1. Objective: To connect capacitors in series and measure the total capacitance.
Steps:
○ Take three capacitors C1​, C​, and C3​of known values.
○ Measure the capacitance of each capacitor individually using a
multimeter or LCR metre and note the values.
○ Connect the capacitors in series on a breadboard.
○ Measure the total capacitance across the entire series combination
using the multimeter.
○ Calculate the total capacitance using the formula for capacitors in
series: 1/Ctotal=1/C1+1/C2+1/C3
○ Compare the measured total capacitance with the calculated value.
Capacitors in Parallel
1. Objective: To connect capacitors in parallel and measure total capacitance.
Steps:
1. Take the same three capacitors C1​, C​, and C3​.
2. Connect the capacitors in parallel on a breadboard.
3. Measure the total capacitance across the parallel combination using
the multimeter.
4. Calculate the total capacitance using the formula for capacitors in
parallel: Ctotal=C1+C2+C3.​
5. Compare the measured total capacitance with the calculated value.

Observation Table:

For Series Connection:


Capacitor Measured Capacitance Theoretical Capacitance

C1

C2

C3

C (Total)
For Parallel Connection:
Capacitor Measured Capacitance Theoretical Capacitance

C1

C2

C3

C (Total)

Result:

Conclusion:

Questions:

1. What is a capacitor?
2. What is capacitance?
3. What is the difference between capacitors connected in series and in
parallel?
Marks Obtained Sign Of Teacher

Process Related (15) Product Related (10) Total (25)

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