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Researchand Its Objectives

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21 views2 pages

Researchand Its Objectives

Uploaded by

berutorudo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Tahri Mohamed University - Bechar Academic Year: 2024/2025

Faculty of Letters and Languages Level: Third Year English


Department of English Module: ANG 59
Teacher: Ms. Harchaoui

Introduction to Research and its Objectives


A Definition of Research and its Importance
Research is a process of steps used to collect and analyze information to increase our understanding of a topic or
issue. At a general level, research consists of three steps:
1. Pose a question.
2. Collect data to answer the question.
3. Present an answer to the question.
This should be a familiar process. You engage in solving problems every day and you start with a question, collect
some information, and then form an answer. Although there are a few more steps in research than these three, this is the
overall framework for research. When you examine a published study, or conduct your own study, you will find these
three parts as the core elements. Not all educators have an understanding and appreciation of research. For some, research
may seem like something that is important only for faculty members in colleges and universities. Although it is true that
college and university faculty members value and conduct research, personnel in other educational settings also read and
use research, such as school psychologists, principals, school board members, adult educators, college administrators, and
graduate students (Creswell, 2012).
Objectives of Research
The main goals of scientific research are to describe, to predict, to improve and to explain a phenomenon. Each will be
discussed briefly (Farhady, 1982):
1. Description: one of the major goals of research is to describe natural or man-made phenomena _how they are
formed, what their structures are, how they function, how they develop or change over time, how they relate to other
phenomena, and so on. Description is often based on the information obtained from some sort of instrumentation such
as observations (direct or indirect), questionnaires, or paper and pencil tests.
2. Prediction: although description is quite an illuminating process in research, it is not completely satisfactory to
terminate research. Description or event, especially individual events, though valuable, is not sufficient to satisfy the
researcher’s curiosity. A major objective of a researcher is to go beyond description and try to predict the future
course of action with a fairly high degree of confidence. Accumulating knowledge through description will enable the
researcher to predict a phenomenon that may occur at a particular time in future.
3. Improvement: research is to help scholars answer questions in order to solve some of the pressing problems of
human life. In any area of inquiry, the researchers attempt to provide answers to some questions. These answers
should help interested people in some way. Otherwise, research would turn into a useless activity for pastime. In
other words, the findings of research in education should help educators improve the quality of education. For
example, to determine what the needs of students are in learning English as a foreign language, research should be
carried out.
4. Explanation: the ultimate goal of research is to explain phenomena. If researchers can explain a phenomenon, it
means that they can describe, predict and control the improvement of that phenomenon with a certain degree of
certainty and accuracy. Researchers therefore are not interested in generalizations that explain a limited body of facts.
They are rather in query of formulating theories and finding laws. That is, they want to go beyond simple
generalizations and try to find the most comprehensive explanations for the phenomena.

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